قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع مِنْ عَلَامَاتِ الْفِقْهِ الْحِلْمُ وَ الْعِلْمُ وَ الصَّمْتُ إِنَّ الصَّمْتَ بَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْحِكْمَةِ إِنَّ الصَّمْتَ يَكْسِبُ الْمَحَبَّةَ[1] إِنَّهُ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى كُلِّ خَيْرٍ.
“Abu al-Hassan al-Rida (a.s.) has said, ‘Of the signs of one’s intelligence is forbearance, knowledge and silence. Silence is one of the doors of wisdom. Silence earns love and it, certainly, is the guide to all good.’”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا شِيعَتُنَا الْخُرْسُ[2].
“I heard abu Ja’far (a.s.) saying, ‘Our Shi’a (followers) are just (like) mute people (do not speak uselessly).”’
شَهِدْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لِمَوْلًى لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ سَالِمٌ وَ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى شَفَتَيْهِ وَ قَالَ يَا سَالِمُ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ تَسْلَمْ وَ لَا تَحْمِلِ النَّاسَ عَلَى رِقَابِنَا.
‘O Salim, control your tongue and you will have peace and do not load people over our necks.’”
حَضَرْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَوْصِنِي فَقَالَ لَهُ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ تَعِزَّ وَ لَا تُمَكِّنِ النَّاسَ مِنْ قِيَادِكَ فَتَذِلَّ رَقَبَتُكَ[3].
“Once I was in the presence of abu al-Hassan (a.s.) and a man said, ‘Please teach me good advice.’ The Imam said, ‘Control your tongue and you will be respected and do not allow people to lead you to humiliation.’”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِرَجُلٍ أَتَاهُ أَ لَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى أَمْرٍ يُدْخِلُكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَنِلْ مِمَّا أَنَالَكَ اللَّهُ[4] قَالَ فَإِنْ كُنْتُ أَحْوَجَ مِمَّنْ أُنِيلُهُ قَالَ فَانْصُرِ الْمَظْلُومَ قَالَ وَ إِنْ كُنْتُ أَضْعَفَ مِمَّنْ أَنْصُرُهُ قَالَ فَاصْنَعْ لِلْأَخْرَقِ[5] يَعْنِي أَشِرْ عَلَيْهِ[6]- قَالَ فَإِنْ كُنْتُ أَخْرَقَ مِمَّنْ أَصْنَعُ لَهُ قَ
“The Messenger of Allah said to a man who had come to see him, ‘Should I guide you to a matter with which Allah will enter you in paradise?’ The man said, ‘Yes, O Messenger of Allah.’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Give of what Allah has given you.’ The man asked, ‘What if I were more needy than the recipient?’ The Mess
قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ كُنْتَ زَعَمْتَ أَنَّ الْكَلَامَ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ فَإِنَّ السُّكُوتَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ.
“Luqman (who is mentioned in Chapter 3 1 of the Holy Quran) said to his son, ‘My son, if you think speaking is silver, note it down that silence is gold.’”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَمْسِكْ لِسَانَكَ فَإِنَّهَا صَدَقَةٌ تَصَدَّقُ بِهَا عَلَى نَفْسِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ لَا يَعْرِفُ عَبْدٌ حَقِيقَةَ الْإِيمَانِ حَتَّى يَخْزُنَ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ.
“Control your tongue; it is a charity that you give to yourself. He then said, ‘A servant (of Allah) will not know the reality of his belief until he reserves (controls) his tongue.’”
يَعْنِي كُفُّوا أَلْسِنَتَكُمْ.
“About the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy: ‘Have you not seen those who were told to control their hands. . . .’ (4:77), the Imam said, ‘It (their hands) stands for their tongue.’”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص نَجَاةُ الْمُؤْمِنِ فِي حِفْظِ لِسَانِهِ.
“The salvation of a believer is in his controlling his tongue.”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ كَانَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ يَا مُبْتَغِيَ الْعِلْمِ[2] إِنَّ هَذَا اللِّسَانَ مِفْتَاحُ خَيْرٍ وَ مِفْتَاحُ شَرٍّ فَاخْتِمْ عَلَى لِسَانِكَ كَمَا تَخْتِمُ عَلَى ذَهَبِكَ وَ وَرِقِكَ[3].
“I heard abu Ja’far (a.s.) saying, abu Dhar may Allah grant him blessings, would say, ‘O you who seek knowledge, this tongues is the key to both good and evil. Seal your tongue as you would seal your gold and silver.’”
كَانَ الْمَسِيحُ ع يَقُولُ لَا تُكْثِرُوا الْكَلَامَ فِي غَيْرِ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُكْثِرُونَ الْكَلَامَ فِي غَيْرِ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ قَاسِيَةٌ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَ لَكِنْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ[4].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Jesus would say, “Do not speak a great deal in things other than speaking of Allah. Those who speak a great deal in things other than speaking of Allah are hardhearted, but they do not know it.’””
مَا مِنْ يَوْمٍ إِلَّا وَ كُلُّ عُضْوٍ مِنْ أَعْضَاءِ الْجَسَدِ يُكَفِّرُ اللِّسَانَ[1] يَقُولُ نَشَدْتُكَ اللَّهَ أَنْ نُعَذَّبَ فِيكَ.
“There is no day wherein every part of the body does not bow down before the tongue pleading, ‘We request you, for the sake of Allah, do not subject us to punishment.’”
إِنَّ لِسَانَ ابْنِ آدَمَ يُشْرِفُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ جَوَارِحِهِ- كُلَّ صَبَاحٍ فَيَقُولُ كَيْفَ أَصْبَحْتُمْ فَيَقُولُونَ بِخَيْرٍ إِنْ تَرَكْتَنَا وَ يَقُولُونَ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِينَا وَ يُنَاشِدُونَهُ وَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّمَا نُثَابُ وَ نُعَاقَبُ بِكَ.
“The tongue of Adam’s children addresses all parts of his body and asks, ‘How is your morning?’ They reply, ‘We are fine, if only you leave us alone.’ They further say, ‘For the sake of Allah, for the sake of Allah, we plead before you to note because of only you we may find reward or face punishment.’”
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَوْصِنِي فَقَالَ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَوْصِنِي قَالَ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَوْصِنِي قَالَ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ وَيْحَكَ وَ هَلْ يَكُبُّ النَّاسَ عَلَى مَنَاخِرِهِمْ فِي النَّارِ إِلَّا حَصَائِدُ أَلْسِنَتِهِمْ[2].
“Once a man came to the Holy Prophet and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, advise me.’ The Messenger of Allah (a.s.) said, ‘Control your tongue.’ He then said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, advise me.’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Control your tongue.’ He again said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, advise me.’ The Messenger of Allah said,
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ لَمْ يَحْسُبْ كَلَامَهُ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ كَثُرَتْ خَطَايَاهُ وَ حَضَرَ عَذَابُهُ[3].
“The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘One who does not count his words as his deeds, his sins increase and his punishment approaches.’”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُعَذِّبُ اللَّهُ اللِّسَانَ بِعَذَابٍ لَا يُعَذِّبُ بِهِ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْجَوَارِحِ فَيَقُولُ أَيْ رَبِّ عَذَّبْتَنِي بِعَذَابٍ لَمْ تُعَذِّبْ بِهِ شَيْئاً فَيُقَالُ لَهُ خَرَجَتْ مِنْكَ كَلِمَةٌ فَبَلَغَتْ مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَ مَغَارِبَهَا فَسُفِكَ بِهَا الدَّمُ الْحَرَامُ وَ انْتُهِبَ بِهَا الْمَالُ الْحَرَامُ وَ انْتُهِكَ بِهَا الْفَرْجُ الْحَرَامُ وَ عِزَّتِي وَ جَلَالِي لَأُعَذِّبَنَّك
“The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Allah will punish the tongue with a punishment that no other part will suffer thereby. And the tongue will say, “O Lord, You have punished me with a punishment that no one has suffered thereby.” It then will be said to the tongue, “From you came out a word that reached the East and We
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنْ كَانَ فِي شَيْءٍ شُؤْمٌ فَفِي اللِّسَانِ[1].
“The Messenger of Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘If there is any wickedness, it is in the tongue.’”
سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذَا أَرَادَ الْعِبَادَةَ صَمَتَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ.
“I heard al-Rida (a.s.) say, ‘In the tribe of Israel if a man wanted to become a worshipper he was to keep silent for ten years before starting the deed.’”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ رَأَى مَوْضِعَ كَلَامِهِ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ قَلَّ كَلَامُهُ إِلَّا فِيمَا يَعْنِيهِ[2].
‘The Messenger of Allah has said, “If one can realize the effect of his words on his deeds, his words will decrease except for what he needs.’”
فِي حِكْمَةِ آلِ دَاوُدَ عَلَى الْعَاقِلِ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَارِفاً بِزَمَانِهِ مُقْبِلًا عَلَى شَأْنِهِ حَافِظاً لِلِسَانِهِ.
“It is in the wisdom of Ale (people of) Dawud: ‘A person of reason must learn about the nature of his time, pay attention to his affairs and safeguard his tongue.’”
لَا يَزَالُ الْعَبْدُ الْمُؤْمِنُ يُكْتَبُ مُحْسِناً مَا دَامَ سَاكِتاً فَإِذَا تَكَلَّمَ كُتِبَ مُحْسِناً أَوْ مُسِيئاً.
“A believing servant (of Allah) is considered a person of good deeds as long as he does not speak. When he speaks he is considered a person of good deeds or of evil deeds.”