كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَأْكُلُ الْهَدِيَّةَ وَ لَا يَأْكُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ وَ يَقُولُ تَهَادَوْا فَإِنَّ الْهَدِيَّةَ تَسُلُّ السَّخَائِمَ[3] وَ تُجْلِي ضَغَائِنَ الْعَدَاوَةِ وَ الْأَحْقَادِ.
“You must exchange gifts, it gently removes resentment and clears grudges due to animosity and malice.’””
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ تَكْرِمَةِ الرَّجُلِ لِأَخِيهِ الْمُسْلِمِ أَنْ يَقْبَلَ تُحْفَتَهُ وَ يُتْحِفَهُ بِمَا عِنْدَهُ وَ لَا يَتَكَلَّفَ لَهُ شَيْئاً.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Of a believer’s upholding the honor of his Muslim brother is to accept his gifts and present him a gift of whatever is possible for him without over-bur
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَوْ أُهْدِيَ إِلَيَّ كُرَاعٌ لَقَبِلْتُهُ[4].
“The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Even if a gift as small as the foot of a sheep is presented to me I accept it.’”
جُلَسَاءُ الرَّجُلِ شُرَكَاؤُهُ فِي الْهَدِيَّةِ[5].
“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘People in the meeting with the recipient of a gift all have a share in that gift.’”
إِذَا أُهْدِيَ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ هَدِيَّةُ طَعَامٍ وَ عِنْدَهُ قَوْمٌ فَهُمْ شُرَكَاؤُهُ فِيهَا الْفَاكِهَةُ وَ غَيْرُهَا.
“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘If one receives a gift such as food or fruits and so on, during a meeting with people around him they also have a share in such gift.’”
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَأَنْ أُهْدِيَ لِأَخِي الْمُسْلِمِ هَدِيَّةً تَنْفَعُهُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَتَصَدَّقَ بِمِثْلِهَا.
Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘Presenting a gift to my Muslim brother which can benefit him is more beloved to me than giving charity.’”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص تَهَادَوْا بِالنَّبِقِ تَحْيَا الْمَوَدَّةُ وَ الْمُوَالاةُ[2].
‘You should exchange gifts of berries; it revives affection and friendship.’”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص تَهَادَوْا تَحَابُّوا تَهَادَوْا فَإِنَّهَا تَذْهَبُ بِالضَّغَائِنِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘You should exchange gifts; you will find affection. You should exchange gifts; it removes malice.’”
دِرْهَمٌ رِبًا أَشَدُّ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ زَنْيَةً كُلُّهَا بِذَاتِ مَحْرَمٍ.
“The sin of receiving one dirham of [unlawful] interest is more serious than having seventy carnal relations with one’s mahrams."
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع آكِلُ الرِّبَا وَ مُؤْكِلُهُ وَ كَاتِبُهُ وَ شَاهِدُهُ فِيهِ سَوَاءٌ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asim ibn Hamid from m h ibn Qays, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One who consumes Riba’, one who feeds Riba ’ and one who documents it, are all the same
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَأْكُلُ الرِّبَا وَ هُوَ يَرَى أَنَّهُ لَهُ حَرَامٌ قَالَ لَا يَضُرُّهُ حَتَّى يُصِيبَهُ مُتَعَمِّداً فَإِذَا أَصَابَهُ مُتَعَمِّداً فَهُوَ بِالْمَنْزِلَةِ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ[1].
“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who consumes Riba ’ and he considers it lawful. He (the Imam) replied, ‘It does not harm him as long as he does not consume it knowing that it is unlawful, in which case he will face the condition of one who is mentioned in the words
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كُلُّ رِبًا أَكَلَهُ النَّاسُ بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ تَابُوا فَإِنَّهُ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُمْ إِذَا عُرِفَ مِنْهُمُ التَّوْبَةُ وَ قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا وَرِثَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ مَالًا وَ قَدْ عَرَفَ أَنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَالِ رِبًا وَ لَكِنْ قَدِ اخْتَلَطَ فِي التِّجَارَةِ بِغَيْرِهِ حَلَالٍ[2] كَانَ حَلَالًا طَيِّباً فَلْيَأْكُلْهُ وَ إِنْ عَرَفَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً[3] أَنَّهُ رِبًا فَلْيَأْخُذْ رَأْسَ
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Any kind of Riba ’ people have consumed in ignorance then repented, such repentance is accepted if such repentance is found in them.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘If a man inherits goods, from his father and knows that there is Riba ’ in it but is mixed in trade with other lawful goods i
أَتَى رَجُلٌ أَبِي فَقَالَ إِنِّي وَرِثْتُ مَالًا وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُ الَّذِي وَرِثْتُهُ مِنْهُ قَدْ كَانَ يَرْبُو وَ قَدْ أَعْرِفُ أَنَّ فِيهِ رِبًا وَ أَسْتَيْقِنُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَيْسَ يَطِيبُ لِي حَلَالُهُ لِحَالِ عِلْمِي[5] فِيهِ وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ وَ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ فَقَالُوا لَا يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ بِأَنَّ فِيهِ مَالًا مَعْرُوفاً ر
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once a man came to my father and said, ‘I have inherited a certain amount of property and I knew the owner from whom I inherited received Raba’ and I know with certainty there is Riba’ in it and I do not feel happy to consume it because of my knowledge about it. I asked the scholar
الرِّبَا رِبَاءَانِ رِبًا يُؤْكَلُ وَ رِبًا لَا يُؤْكَلُ فَأَمَّا الَّذِي يُؤْكَلُ فَهَدِيَّتُكَ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ الثَّوَابَ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهَا فَذَلِكَ الرِّبَا الَّذِي يُؤْكَلُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ ما آتَيْتُمْ مِنْ رِباً لِيَرْبُوَا فِي أَمْوالِ النَّاسِ فَلا يَرْبُوا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ[1] وَ أَمَّا الَّذِي لَا يُؤْكَلُ فَهُوَ الرِّبَا الَّذِي نَهَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْهُ وَ أَوْعَ
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Riba’ is of two kinds: One kind is that which is consumed and the other kind is not consumed. The gift that one presents to someone in order to receive Thawab (rewards from Allah) is better. Of this kind is the Riba’ which is consumed as it is mentioned in the words of Allah, most
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ ذَكَرَ الرِّبَا فِي غَيْرِ آيَةٍ وَ كَرَّرَهُ فَقَالَ أَ وَ تَدْرِي لِمَ ذَاكَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ لِئَلَّا يَمْتَنِعَ النَّاسُ مِنِ اصْطِنَاعِ الْمَعْرُوفِ[2].
“I once said to abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I have noticed that Allah, most High, has mentioned Riba’ in more than one passages of the Holy Quran. He (the Imam) asked, ’Do you know why He has done so?’ I (the narrator) replied, ’No, I do not know.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is because He wants people not to deny performing g
إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الرِّبَا لِكَيْلَا يَمْتَنِعَ النَّاسُ مِنِ اصْطِنَاعِ الْمَعْرُوفِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has prohibited receiving Riba’ so that people do not deny acts of benevolence and compassion.”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَرْبَى بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ فَقَالَ أَمَّا مَا مَضَى فَلَهُ وَ لْيَتْرُكْهُ فِيمَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَدْ وَرِثْتُ مَالًا وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُ كَانَ يَرْبُو وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ وَ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ فَذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهُ فَقَالَ أ
“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who received Riba’ in ignorance, then he wanted to stay away from Riba’. He (the Imam) said ’What is passed is for him and he must stay away in the coming times.’ He (the Imam) then said, ’Once a man visited abu Ja’far (a.s.), and sai
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ لَا يَكُونُ الرِّبَا إِلَّا فِيمَا يُكَالُ أَوْ يُوزَنُ[4].
“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Riba’ comes in existence only in what is measured or is weighed.”
بَلَغَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَأْكُلُ الرِّبَا وَ يُسَمِّيهِ اللِّبَأَ فَقَالَ لَئِنْ أَمْكَنَنِي اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ [مِنْهُ] لَأَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَهُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was informed about a man who consumed Riba ’ and called it fresh milk. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘Had Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, made it possible for me I most certainly would strike his neck.’”
أَخْبَثُ الْمَكَاسِبِ كَسْبُ الرِّبَا.
“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘The filthiest earning is earning by means of Riba , . ,,,
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَيْسَ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَ وَلَدِهِ رِبًا وَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَ السَّيِّدِ وَ عَبْدِهِ رِبًا[2].
“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘There is no Riba ’ between a man and his sons as well between a master and his slave.”’
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ حَرْبِنَا رِبًا نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ بِدِرْهَمٍ وَ نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَا نُعْطِيهِمْ.
2. Through the same chain of narrators as the previous one is the following Hadith: “The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘There is no Riba ’ between us and those in the state of war with us. We can receive a thousand dirham fro
لَيْسَ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَ وَلَدِهِ وَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ عَبْدِهِ وَ لَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِهِ رِبًا إِنَّمَا الرِّبَا فِيمَا بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ مَا لَا تَمْلِكُ قُلْتُ فَالْمُشْرِكُونَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُمْ رِبًا قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُمْ مَمَالِيكُ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ تَمْلِكُهُمْ إِنَّمَا تَمْلِكُهُمْ مَعَ غَيْرِكَ أَنْتَ وَ غَيْرُكَ فِيهِمْ سَوَاءٌ فَالَّذِي بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهُمْ لَيْسَ مِنْ ذَلِ
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘ Riba ’ does not apply in the case of a man and his sons, his slave and his wife. Riba ’ applies when you do not own certain goods.’ I then asked, ‘Does it apply between me and the pagans?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, it applies.’ I said, ‘They are slaves.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You do no
تَرْكُ التِّجَارَةِ يَنْقُصُ الْعَقْلَ[1].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Quitting business reduces one’s power of reason.’”
التِّجَارَةُ تَزِيدُ فِي الْعَقْلِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Doing business increases one’s power of reason.’”
مَنْ طَلَبَ التِّجَارَةَ اسْتَغْنَى عَنِ النَّاسِ قُلْتُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُعِيلًا قَالَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُعِيلًا إِنَّ تِسْعَةَ أَعْشَارِ الرِّزْقِ فِي التِّجَارَةِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who seeks business becomes independent of people.’ I then asked, ‘Even if he has dependents?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, even if he has dependents; nine-tenth of sustenance is in business.’”
شَهِدْتُ مُعَاذَ بْنَ كَثِيرٍ وَ قَالَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي قَدْ أَيْسَرْتُ فَأَدَعُ التِّجَارَةَ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ إِنْ فَعَلْتَ قَلَّ عَقْلُكَ أَوْ نَحْوَهُ.
‘If you do so your power of reason will decrease’- or similar expression.”
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَيَّ شَيْءٍ تُعَالِجُ قُلْتُ مَا أُعَالِجُ الْيَوْمَ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ كَذَلِكَ تَذْهَبُ أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَ اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once asked, ‘What do you do?’ I replied, ‘I am not doing anything today.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This is how your wealth goes away and it becomes difficult for you.’”
قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَا مُعَاذُ أَ ضَعُفْتَ عَنِ التِّجَارَةِ أَوْ زَهِدْتَ فِيهَا قُلْتُ مَا ضَعُفْتُ عَنْهَا وَ مَا زَهِدْتُ فِيهَا قَالَ فَمَا لَكَ قُلْتُ كُنَّا نَنْتَظِرُ أَمْراً[2] وَ ذَلِكَ حِينَ قُتِلَ الْوَلِيدُ وَ عِنْدِي مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ[3] وَ هُوَ فِي يَدِي وَ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ عَلَيَّ شَيْءٌ وَ لَا أَرَانِي آكُلُهُ حَتَّى أَمُوتَ فَقَالَ تَتْرُكُهَا فَإِنَّ تَرْكَهَا مَذْهَبَةٌ لِلْعَقْلِ اسْعَ
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once asked me, ‘O Mu‘adh, have you become weak in doing business or have withdrawn thereof?’ I replied, ‘I have not become weak or withdrawn.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What then is the matter?’ I replied, ‘We were waiting for a certain issue because when Walid was killed, I had a great deal of good
كَانَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع يَقُولُ لِمُصَادِفٍ اغْدُ إِلَى عِزِّكَ يَعْنِي السُّوقَ.
“Abu al-Hassan (a.s.), would say to Musadif, ‘Proceed toward your honor, meaning thereby place of business, the market place.’”
سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ فَقَالَ مَا حَبَسَهُ عَنِ الْحَجِّ فَقِيلَ تَرَكَ التِّجَارَةَ وَ قَلَّ شَيْئُهُ قَالَ[1] وَ كَانَ مُتَّكِئاً فَاسْتَوَى جَالِساً ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ لَا تَدَعُوا التِّجَارَةَ فَتَهُونُوا اتَّجِرُوا بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ.
Do business, I pray to Allah to grant you blessings.’”
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ تَعَرَّضُوا لِلتِّجَارَةِ فَإِنَّ فِيهَا غِنًى لَكُمْ عَمَّا فِي أَيْدِي النَّاسِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘Engage yourselves in business; it helps you become independent of what is in the hands of people.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي قَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَدَعَ السُّوقَ وَ فِي يَدِي شَيْءٌ قَالَ إِذاً يَسْقُطَ رَأْيُكَ وَ لَا يُسْتَعَانَ بِكَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ[2].
“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I am thinking to quit doing business in market place while there is a certain amount of wealth in my hands.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Then your opinion becomes of no value and no one will seek help from you.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي قَدْ كَفَفْتُ عَنِ التِّجَارَةِ وَ أَمْسَكْتُ عَنْهَا قَالَ وَ لِمَ ذَلِكَ أَ عَجْزٌ بِكَ كَذَلِكَ تَذْهَبُ أَمْوَالُكُمْ لَا تَكُفُّوا عَنِ التِّجَارَةِ وَ الْتَمِسُوا مِنْ فَضْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.
11. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn’ Udhaynah from Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I have quit doing business and have withdrawn thereof.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Why is that, are you helpless? This is how your
بُرَيْدٌ لِمُحَمَّدٍ سَلْ لِي أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع - عَنْ شَيْءٍ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَصْنَعَهُ إِنَّ لِلنَّاسِ فِي يَدِي وَدَائِعَ وَ أَمْوَالًا وَ أَنَا أَتَقَلَّبُ فِيهَا وَ قَدْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَخَلَّى مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ أَدْفَعَ إِلَى كُلِّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ قَالَ فَسَأَلَ مُحَمَّدٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَ خَبَّرَهُ بِالْقِصَّةِ وَ قَالَ مَا تَرَى لَهُ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَ يَبْدَأُ نَفْسَهُ بِالْ
12. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd Allah al-Hajjal from Ali ibn ‘Uqbah from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Burayd al-Tjliy wanted to get married. Burayd said, to Muhammad, ‘Ask abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al- Salam, about what I am planning to do. I want to return p
كَانَ أَبُو الْخَطَّابِ[2] قَبْلَ أَنْ يَفْسُدَ وَ هُوَ يَحْمِلُ الْمَسَائِلَ لِأَصْحَابِنَا وَ يَجِيءُ بِجَوَابَاتِهَا رَوَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: اشْتَرُوا وَ إِنْ كَانَ غَالِياً فَإِنَّ الرِّزْقَ يَنْزِلُ مَعَ الشِّرَاءِ.
‘You should purchase goods even if prices are high; sustenance comes by means of buying.’”
سَمِعْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَقُولُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ الْفِقْهَ ثُمَّ الْمَتْجَرَ الْفِقْهَ ثُمَّ الْمَتْجَرَ الْفِقْهَ ثُمَّ الْمَتْجَرَ وَ اللَّهِ لَلرِّبَا فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ أَخْفَى مِنْ دَبِيبِ النَّمْلِ عَلَى الصَّفَا شُوبُوا أَيْمَانَكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ التَّاجِرُ فَاجِرٌ وَ الْفَاجِرُ فِي النَّارِ إِلَّا مَنْ أَخَذَ الْحَقَّ وَ أَعْطَى الْحَقَّ.
“I heard Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), saying from the pulpit, ‘O people who do business, you must learn fiqh (laws), then go in business, you must learn fiqh (laws) then go in business, you must learn fiqh (laws) then go in business. I swear by Allah, Riba ’ creeps in this nation more quietly than an ant’s moving on a hard
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ بَاعَ وَ اشْتَرَى فَلْيَحْفَظْ خَمْسَ خِصَالٍ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا يَشْتَرِيَنَّ وَ لَا يَبِيعَنَّ الرِّبَا وَ الْحَلْفَ وَ كِتْمَانَ الْعَيْبِ وَ الْحَمْدَ إِذَا بَاعَ وَ الذَّمَّ إِذَا اشْتَرَى.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘One who buys and sells must not
كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِالْكُوفَةِ عِنْدَكُمْ يَغْتَدِي كُلَّ يَوْمٍ بُكْرَةً مِنَ الْقَصْرِ فَيَطُوفُ فِي أَسْوَاقِ الْكُوفَةِ سُوقاً سُوقاً وَ مَعَهُ الدِّرَّةُ عَلَى عَاتِقِهِ وَ كَانَ لَهَا طَرَفَانِ وَ كَانَتْ تُسَمَّى السَّبِيبَةَ[1] فَيَقِفُ عَلَى أَهْلِ كُلِّ سُوقٍ فَيُنَادِي يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِذَا سَمِعُوا صَوْتَهُ ع أَلْقَوْا مَا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَ أَرْعَوْا
3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ahmad ibn Muhammad from and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn Mahbub from ‘Amr ibn abu al-Miqdam from Jabir, who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, lived among y
إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمْ يَأْذَنْ لِحَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ بِالتِّجَارَةِ حَتَّى ضَمِنَ لَهُ إِقَالَةَ النَّادِمِ وَ إِنْظَارَ الْمُعْسِرِ وَ أَخْذَ الْحَقِّ وَافِياً وَ غَيْرَ وَافٍ.
“He (the Imam) has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, did not give permission to Hakim ibn Hizam for business until the later promised to settle the price with a buyer who is regretful about the transaction, extend the time of
جَاءَتْ زَيْنَبُ الْعَطَّارَةُ الْحَوْلَاءُ إِلَى نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ص فَإِذَا هِيَ عِنْدَهُمْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِذَا أَتَيْتِنَا طَابَتْ بُيُوتُنَا فَقَالَتْ بُيُوتُكَ بِرِيحِكَ أَطْيَبُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا بِعْتِ فَأَحْسِنِي وَ لَا تَغُشِّي فَإِنَّهُ أَتْقَى لِلَّهِ وَ أَبْقَى لِلْمَالِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Once Zaynab al-‘Attarah al-Hawla’ visited the wives of the Holy Prophet, and the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, also came home when she was with his wives. The Holy Prophet said, ‘When you visit our houses t
إِذَا قَالَ لَكَ الرَّجُلُ اشْتَرِ لِي فَلَا تُعْطِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي عِنْدَكَ خَيْراً مِنْهُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, once said to me, ‘If someone asks you to buy for him a certain merchandise, you must not buy it for him from your own shop even if the merchandise from your shop be better.’”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص السَّمَاحَةُ مِنَ الرَّبَاحِ قَالَ ذَلِكَ لِرَجُلٍ يُوصِيهِ وَ مَعَهُ سِلْعَةٌ يَبِيعُهَا.
‘Generosity is of profits.’ The Messenger of Allah said it to a man who had asked for good advice and who had certain merchandise that he wanted to sell.’”
مَرَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَلَى جَارِيَةٍ قَدِ اشْتَرَتْ لَحْماً مِنْ قَصَّابٍ وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ زِدْنِي فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ زِدْهَا فَإِنَّهُ أَعْظَمُ لِلْبَرَكَةِ.
“Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), once said to a butcher about a slave-girl who had purchased meat from his shop and who was asking for more, ‘You must give her more; it has greater blessings.’”
سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِذَا قَالَ الرَّجُلُ لِلرَّجُلِ هَلُمَّ أَحْسِنْ بَيْعَكَ يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ الرِّبْحُ[1].
“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘If a man says to another man, ‘Come with me, I will offer you a good deal,’ it becomes unlawful for him to make any profit in that deal.’”
فِي رَجُلٍ عِنْدَهُ بَيْعٌ فَسَعَّرَهُ سِعْراً مَعْلُوماً فَمَنْ سَكَتَ عَنْهُ مِمَّنْ يَشْتَرِي مِنْهُ بَاعَهُ بِذَلِكَ السِّعْرِ وَ مَنْ مَاكَسَهُ وَ أَبَى أَنْ يَبْتَاعَ مِنْهُ زَادَهُ[2] قَالَ لَوْ كَانَ يَزِيدُ الرَّجُلَيْنِ وَ الثَّلَاثَةَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِذَلِكَ بَأْسٌ فَأَمَّا أَنْ يَفْعَلَهُ بِمَنْ أَبَى عَلَيْهِ وَ كَايَسَهُ وَ يَمْنَعُهُ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يُعْجِبُنِي إِلَّا أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ بَ
“I (the narrator) once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who had set a price on a certain item of his merchandise. Thereafter whoever purchased that merchandise without asking for any discount, he sold it to them for the same price; but those who asked for a discount he instead increased the price. He (the Imam)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص صَاحِبُ السِّلْعَةِ أَحَقُّ بِالسَّوْمِ[4].
The owner of merchandise is more rightful to set up the price for his merchandise.’”
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ السَّوْمِ مَا بَيْنَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ[5].
“He (the Imam) has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited bargaining between dawn and sunrise.”
نُبِّئْتُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّهُ كَرِهَ بَيْعَيْنِ اطْرَحْ وَ خُذْ عَلَى غَيْرِ تَقْلِيبٍ وَ شِرَاءَ مَا لَمْ يُرَ[1].
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘I dislike two kinds of transactions: To say, “Drop the merchandise and receive payment”, and buying something without seeing it.’”
غَبْنُ الْمُسْتَرْسِلِ سُحْتٌ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Selling above a fair price to one who has left it (pricing) to the seller is Suht (unlawful and filthy).’”