إِذَا شَهِدَ لِصَاحِبِ الْحَقِّ امْرَأَتَانِ وَ يَمِينَهُ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ.
6. Certain persons of our people have narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from Sayf ibn ’Am/rah from Mansur ibn Hazim who has narrated the following: “A trustworthy man narrated to me from abu al-Hassan, Alayhi al-Salam, who has said that if two women testify for the right of someone with his (plaintiff’s) oath, i
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَجَازَ شَهَادَةَ النِّسَاءِ مَعَ يَمِينِ الطَّالِبِ فِي الدَّيْنِ يَحْلِفُ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّ حَقَّهُ لَحَقٌّ.
7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Urn ay r from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, accepted the testimon
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُجِيزُ فِي الدَّيْنِ شَهَادَةَ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ يَمِينَ صَاحِبِ الدَّيْنِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُجِيزُ فِي الْهِلَالِ إِلَّا شَاهِدَيْ عَدْلٍ.
8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their serv
قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِذَا رَأَيْتُ شَيْئاً فِي يَدَيْ رَجُلٍ أَ يَجُوزُ لِي أَنْ أَشْهَدَ أَنَّهُ لَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ فِي يَدِهِ وَ لَا أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ لَهُ فَلَعَلَّهُ لِغَيْرِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ فَيَحِلُّ الشِّرَاءُ مِنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَلَعَلَّهُ لِغَيْرِهِ فَمِنْ أَيْنَ جَازَ لَكَ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَهُ وَ يَصِيرَ مِلْكاً لَ
“Once a man asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘If I see something in the hand of a man can I testify that it belongs to him?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so.’ The man then said, ‘I can testify that it is in his hand but how can I testify that it belongs to him, perhaps it belongs to someone else ? 5 He (the Imam) a
قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ ابْنَ أَبِي لَيْلَى يَسْأَلُنِي الشَّهَادَةَ عَلَى أَنَّ هَذِهِ الدَّارَ مَاتَ فُلَانٌ وَ تَرَكَهَا مِيرَاثَهُ وَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ غَيْرُ الَّذِي شَهِدْنَا لَهُ فَقَالَ اشْهَدْ بِمَا هُوَ عِلْمُكَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ ابْنَ أَبِي لَيْلَى يُحْلِفُنَا الْغَمُوسَ قَالَ احْلِفْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَلَى عِلْمِكَ.
“I once said to him (the Imam) (a.s.), that ibn abu Layla’ asks me to testify that this is a house and so and so has died and has left it behind as his legacy and that there is no other heir for him except the ones in whose favor we have testified. He (the Imam) said, ‘You can testify about what you have knowledge ther
قُلْتُ يَكُونُ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ إِخْوَانِي عِنْدِي شَهَادَةٌ وَ لَيْسَ كُلُّهَا يُجِيزُهَا الْقُضَاةُ عِنْدَنَا قَالَ فَإِذَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهَا حَقٌّ فَصَحِّحْهَا بِكُلِّ وَجْهٍ حَتَّى يَصِحَّ لَهُ حَقُّهُ.
“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that I bear a testimony for one of our brothers but all of the judges around us do not grant it. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you know that it is right then you can correct it as such that can prove his right.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ فِي دَارِهِ ثُمَّ يَغِيبُ عَنْهَا ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً وَ يَدَعُ فِيهَا عِيَالَهُ ثُمَّ يَأْتِينَا هَلَاكُهُ وَ نَحْنُ لَا نَدْرِي مَا أَحْدَثَ فِي دَارِهِ وَ لَا نَدْرِي مَا حَدَثَ لَهُ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ إِلَّا أَنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ نَحْنُ أَنَّهُ أَحْدَثَ فِي دَارِهِ شَيْئاً وَ لَا حَدَثَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَ لَا يُقْسَمُ هَذِهِ الدَّارُ بَيْنَ وَرَثَتِهِ الَّذِينَ تَرَكَ فِي الد
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has a house and he remains absent from it for thirty years; but he leaves his family there, then news of his death comes. We do not know what may have happened in his house as well as to his children. We however, do not know of anything happening to his h
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ الْحَقُّ فَيَجْحَدُهُ حَقَّهُ وَ يَحْلِفُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَ لَيْسَ لِصَاحِبِ الْحَقِّ عَلَى حَقِّهِ بَيِّنَةٌ يَجُوزُ لَنَا إِحْيَاءُ حَقِّهِ بِشَهَادَةِ الزُّورِ إِذَا خُشِيَ ذَهَابُهُ فَقَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ لِعِلَّةِ التَّدْلِيسِ[1].
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man of truth whose claim is denied. The party swears that he does not owe anything in favor of the owner of right and the owner of right does not have any proof; if we can restore his right by false testimony if there is fear for the loss of his right. He (the Im
سَأَلْتُهُ قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ مَوَالِيكَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ لِرَجُلٍ مُخَالِفٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَعْسُرَهُ وَ يَحْبِسَهُ وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ وَ لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَيْسَ لِغَرِيمِهِ بَيِّنَةٌ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْلِفَ لَهُ لِيَدْفَعَهُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ حَتَّى يُيَسِّرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ الشُّهُودُ مِنْ مَوَالِيكَ قَدْ عَرَفُوا أَنَّهُ لَا يَقْدِرُ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَشْهَدُ
“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who is one of his followers and owes to a Mukhalif (opposing) man a certain amount of loan who wants to cause him difficulties and imprison him. He knows that he does not have anything to pay and he is not able to pay but his creditor has no proof, if it is permissible to
سَأَلْتُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ مَتَى تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ الْغُلَامِ فَقَالَ إِذَا بَلَغَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ يَجُوزُ أَمْرُهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص دَخَلَ بِعَائِشَةَ وَ هِيَ بِنْتُ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ وَ لَيْسَ يُدْخَلُ بِالْجَارِيَةِ حَتَّى تَكُونَ امْرَأَةً فَإِذَا كَانَ لِلْغُلَامِ عَشْرُ سِنِينَ جَازَ أَمْرُهُ وَ جَازَتْ
“I once asked Isma’il ibn Ja’far, ’When it is permissible for a boy to testify?’ He said, ’It is permissible when he becomes ten years old.’ I then asked, ‘Can he issue a command?’ He said, ‘The Messenger of Allah (sw) went to bed with ‘A’ishah when she was ten years old, and it is not permissible to go to bed with a g
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ الصِّبْيَانِ قَالَ نَعَمْ فِي الْقَتْلِ يُؤْخَذُ بِأَوَّلِ كَلَامِهِ وَ لَا يُؤْخَذُ بِالثَّانِي مِنْهُ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Jamil who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), if presenting testimony by children is permissible. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, in the case of murder his first words are accepted but not his second ones.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ شَهَادَةِ الصَّبِيِّ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا إِلَّا فِي الْقَتْلِ يُؤْخَذُ بِأَوَّلِ كَلَامِهِ وَ لَا يُؤْخَذُ بِالثَّانِي.
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from Muhammad ibn Humran who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the testimony of children. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, except in the case of murder, in which case his first words are accepted but his second words are not
فِي الصَّبِيِّ يُشْهَدُ عَلَى الشَّهَادَةِ قَالَ إِنْ عَقَلَهُ حِينَ يُدْرِكُ أَنَّهُ حَقٌّ جَازَتْ شَهَادَتُهُ.
4. Abu Ali al-Ash ‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “About the case of a child if his bearing testimony to an existing testimony, he (the Imam) said, ‘If his reason can comprehend when he becomes mature that i
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِنَّ شَهَادَةَ الصِّبْيَانِ إِذَا أَشْهَدُوهُمْ وَ هُمْ صِغَارٌ جَازَتْ إِذَا كَبِرُوا مَا لَمْ يَنْسَوْهَا.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), has said, ‘If children are asked to bear testimony if they did so as children it is permissible, when they grow up, to present it if they
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ هَلْ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ فِي الْقَتْلِ قَالَ يُؤْخَذُ بِأَوَّلِ كَلَامِهِ وَ لَا يُؤْخَذُ بِالثَّانِي.
6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Jamil who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a child if he can testify in the case of murder. He (the Imam) said, ‘His first words are accepted but his second words are not acce
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَا بَأْسَ بِشَهَادَةِ الْمَمْلُوكِ إِذَا كَانَ عَدْلًا.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), has said, ‘A slave’s testimony is not harmful if he is a just man.”’
إِذَا كَانَ عَدْلًا فَهُوَ جَائِزُ الشَّهَادَةِ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ رَدَّ شَهَادَةَ الْمَمْلُوكِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِ مَمْلُوكٌ فِي شَهَادَةٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ أَقَمْتُ الشَّهَادَةَ تَخَوَّفْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي وَ إِنْ كَتَمْتُهَا أَثِمْتُ بِرَبِّي فَقَالَ هَاتِ شَهَادَتَكَ أَمَا إِنَّا لَا نُجِيزُ شَهَادَةَ مَمْلُوكٍ بَعْدَكَ.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Khalid and al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id all from al- Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Urwah from ‘Abd al-Hamid al-Ta’iy from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “About the testimony of a slave abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If he is
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَمْلُوكِ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ رَدَّ شَهَادَةَ الْمَمْلُوكِ لَفُلَانٌ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, if the testimony of a slave is acceptable. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is permissible and the first one who rejected the testimony of a slave was so and
قُلْنَا أَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي الْحُدُودِ فَقَالَ فِي الْقَتْلِ وَحْدَهُ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ يَقُولُ لَا يَبْطُلُ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ[1].
“We asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), if testimony of women is acceptable in penalty cases. He (the Imam) said, ‘Only in murder cases it is acceptable. ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), would say, “The blood (life) of a Muslim cannot be invalidated.’””
تَجُوزُ إِذَا كَانَ مَعَهُنَّ رَجُلٌ وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَقُولُ لَا أُجِيزُهَا فِي الطَّلَاقِ قُلْتُ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ مَعَ الرَّجُلِ فِي الدَّيْنِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ شَهَادَةِ الْقَابِلَةِ فِي الْوِلَادَةِ قَالَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ الْوَاحِدَةِ وَ قَالَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ [فِي الدَّيْنِ وَ] فِي الْمَنْفُوسِ وَ الْعُذْرَةِ وَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَهُ يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ أَخْبَرَهُ
“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked, if testimony by women is acceptable in the case of marriage?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is acceptable if there is a man with them. Ali (a.s.), would say, “I do not accept the testimony by women in divorce.’” I then asked if testimony of women with a man is acceptable in matters of
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ شَهَادَةِ النِّسَاءِ فِي الرَّجْمِ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ ثَلَاثَةُ رِجَالٍ وَ امْرَأَتَانِ وَ إِذَا كَانَ رَجُلَانِ وَ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ فِي الرَّجْمِ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the testimony of women in the case of stoning. He (the Imam) said, ‘If there are three men and two women, but if there are two men and four women, stoning is not permissible.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ شَهَادَةِ النِّسَاءِ فَقَالَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ وَحْدَهُنَّ عَلَى مَا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ الرِّجَالُ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي النِّكَاحِ إِذَا كَانَ مَعَهُنَّ رَجُلٌ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ فِي الطَّلَاقِ وَ لَا فِي الدَّمِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهَا فِي حَدِّ الزِّنَى إِذَا كَانَ ثَلَاثَةُ رِجَالٍ وَ امْرَأَتَانِ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ رَجُلَيْنِ وَ أَرْبَعِ ن
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the testimony of women. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is acceptable in matters in which men cannot become a witness. It is acceptable about marriage if there is a man with them, but it is not acceptable in divorce or blood (life) except that it is acceptable in the penalty for forni
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي نِكَاحٍ أَوْ طَلَاقٍ أَوْ فِي رَجْمٍ قَالَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِيمَا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ الرِّجَالُ أَنْ يَنْظُرُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُنَّ رَجُلٌ وَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُنَّ فِي النِّكَاحِ إِذَا كَانَ مَعَهُنَّ رَجُلٌ وَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُنَّ فِي حَدِّ الزِّنَى إِذَا كَانَ ثَلَاثَةُ رِجَالٍ وَ امْرَأَتَانِ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ
“I once asked abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), if testimony of women is acceptable in marriage or divorce or stoning. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is acceptable in matters which men cannot witness (look at) and there is no man with them. Their testimony in marriage is acceptable if there is a man with them; and their testimo
قَالَ: لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي الْهِلَالِ وَ لَا فِي الطَّلَاقِ وَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النِّسَاءِ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُنَّ قَالَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فِي الْعُذْرَةِ وَ النُّفَسَاءِ.
“He (the Imam) has said that testimony of women about new moon is not acceptable as well as in divorce. I asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), if testimony of women is acceptable. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is acceptable about virginity and childbirth.’”
تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي الْعُذْرَةِ وَ كُلِّ عَيْبٍ لَا يَرَاهُ الرِّجَالُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said testimony of women about virginity and every defect which men cannot look at is admissible.’”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي رُؤْيَةِ الْهِلَالِ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ فِي الرَّجْمِ شَهَادَةُ رَجُلَيْنِ وَ أَرْبَعِ نِسْوَةٍ وَ تَجُوزُ فِي ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَةُ رِجَالٍ وَ امْرَأَتَانِ وَ قَالَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ وَحْدَهُنَّ بِلَا رِجَالٍ فِي كُلِّ مَا لَا يَجُوزُ لِلرِّجَالِ النَّظَرُ إِلَيْهِ وَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ الْقَابِلَةِ وَحْدَهَا فِي الْمَنْفُوسِ[1].
“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Testimony of women about the new moon is not acceptable. It is not acceptable in stoning with two men and four women but it is acceptable with three men and two women.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The testimony of women without men is acceptable in matters that cannot be witnessed
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ شَهَادَةِ النِّسَاءِ تَجُوزُ فِي النِّكَاحِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ فِي الطَّلَاقِ قَالَ وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي الرَّجْمِ إِذَا كَانَ ثَلَاثَةُ رِجَالٍ وَ امْرَأَتَانِ وَ إِذَا كَانَ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ وَ رَجُلَانِ فَلَا تَجُوزُ فِي الرَّجْمِ قُلْتُ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ مَعَ الرِّجَالِ فِي الدَّمِ قَالَ لَا.
“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the testimony of women if it is acceptable in marriage. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is acceptable, but it is not acceptable about divorce.’ He (the Imam) said that Ali (a.s.), has said, ‘Testimony of women is acceptable in stoning if there are three men and two women; but if ther
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ يَحْضُرُهَا الْمَوْتُ وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهَا إِلَّا امْرَأَةٌ أَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهَا أَمْ لَا تَجُوزُ فَقَالَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي الْمَنْفُوسِ وَ الْعُذْرَةِ[1].
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who is about to die and there is no one with her except a woman; if her testimony is admissible or not. He (the Imam) said, ‘Testimony of women is acceptable about childbirth and virginity.’”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِيمَا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ الرِّجَالُ أَنْ يَنْظُرُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ يَشْهَدُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُنَّ فِي النِّكَاحِ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ فِي الطَّلَاقِ وَ لَا فِي الدَّمِ وَ تَجُوزُ فِي حَدِّ الزِّنَى إِذَا كَانَ ثَلَاثَةُ رِجَالٍ وَ امْرَأَتَانِ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ إِذَا كَانَ رَجُلَانِ وَ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُنَّ فِي الرَّجْمِ.
“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Testimony of women is acceptable in matters where men cannot witness and look to bear witness thereof. Testimony of women is acceptable about marriage but not about divorce or blood (life) and it is acceptable about the penalty for fornication if there are three men and two
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هِيَ حَامِلٌ فَوَضَعَتْ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ غُلَاماً ثُمَّ مَاتَ الْغُلَامُ بَعْدَ مَا وَقَعَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَشَهِدَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي قَبِلَتْهَا أَنَّهُ اسْتَهَلَّ وَ صَاحَ حِينَ وَقَعَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَالَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يُجِيزَ شَهَادَتَهَا فِي رُبُعِ مِيرَاثِ الْغُلَامِ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who dies and leaves behind a woman who is pregnant and gives birth after his death to a boy. Then the boy dies after falling on the ground and she who nursed witnesses it all. She says that he was alive and cried upon falling on the ground, then died. He (the
أُجِيزُ شَهَادَةَ النِّسَاءِ فِي الْغُلَامِ صَاحَ أَمْ لَمْ يَصِحْ وَ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ لَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ الرِّجَالُ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِيهِ.
“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, T accept testimony of women about a boy who cried or did not cry, and about everything to which men cannot look, the testimony of women is acceptable.’”
قَالَ: تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ الرَّجُلِ لِامْرَأَتِهِ وَ الْمَرْأَةِ لِزَوْجِهَا إِذَا كَانَ مَعَهَا غَيْرُهَا.
“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the testimony of a man is acceptable for his wife and testimony of a wife is acceptable for her husband if there are others with her.”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَوْ قَالَ سَأَلَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْهَدُ لِامْرَأَتِهِ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ خَيِّراً جَازَتْ شَهَادَتُهُ لِامْرَأَتِهِ.
“I or a certain persons of our people asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who presents testimony for his wife. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is for a good cause it is permissible to testify for one’s wife.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ شَهَادَةِ الْوَلَدِ لِوَالِدِهِ وَ الْوَالِدِ لِوَلَدِهِ وَ الْأَخِ لِأَخِيهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ تَجُوزُ.
“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the testimony of a father for his son or a son’s testimony for his father and the testimony of a brother for his brother. He (the Imam) said, ’It is permissible.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ شَهَادَةِ الْوَالِدِ لِوَلَدِهِ وَ الْوَلَدِ لِوَالِدِهِ وَ الْأَخِ لِأَخِيهِ فَقَالَ تَجُوزُ.
“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about the testimony of a father for his son, the testimony of a son for his father and the testimony of a brother for his brother. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is permissible.’”
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ الْوَلَدِ لِوَالِدِهِ وَ الْوَالِدِ لِوَلَدِهِ وَ الْأَخِ لِأَخِيهِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The testimony of a father for his son, the testimony of a son for his father and the testimony of a brother for his brother is permissible.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَوْ قَالَ سَأَلَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْهَدُ لِأَبِيهِ أَوِ الْأَبِ يَشْهَدُ لِابْنِهِ أَوِ الْأَخِ لِأَخِيهِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ خَيِّراً جَازَتْ شَهَادَتُهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَ الْأَبِ لِابْنِهِ وَ الْأَخِ لِأَخِيهِ[1].
“I or a certain persons of our people asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who testifies for his father or a father testifies for his son or for his brother. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful if it is for a good cause. His testimony is permissible for his father as is the case with a father’s testi
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ ثَلَاثَةِ شُرَكَاءَ شَهِدَ اثْنَانِ عَلَى وَاحِدٍ قَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُمَا.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of three partners of whom two have testified against one. He (the Imam) said, ‘Their testimony is not admissible. ’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع عَنْ رِفْقَةٍ كَانُوا فِي طَرِيقٍ فَقُطِعَ عَلَيْهِمُ الطَّرِيقُ فَأَخَذُوا اللُّصُوصَ فَشَهِدَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ قَالَ لَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَتُهُمْ إِلَّا بِإِقْرَارٍ مِنَ اللُّصُوصِ أَوْ شَهَادَةٍ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ عَلَيْهِمْ.
“I once asked abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of certain friends who were on a journey when their road was blocked, and they caught the thieves, then certain ones of them testified against the others. He (the Imam) said, ‘Their testimony is not admissible unless the thieves confess or others testify agai
كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع هَلْ تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ الْوَصِيِّ لِلْمَيِّتِ بِدَيْنٍ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَعَ شَاهِدٍ آخَرَ عَدْلٍ فَوَقَّعَ ع إِذَا شَهِدَ مَعَهُ آخَرُ عَدْلٌ فَعَلَى الْمُدَّعِي يَمِينٌ وَ كَتَبَ أَ يَجُوزُ لِلْوَصِيِّ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ لِوَارِثِ الْمَيِّتِ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ بِحَقٍّ لَهُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ أَوْ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ وَ هُوَ الْقَابِضُ لِلْوَارِثِ الصَّغِيرِ وَ لَيْسَ
Muhammad ibn Yahya has said that Muhammad ibn al-Hassan once wrote to abu Muhammad (a.s.), asking if testimony of executor of the will is acceptable for the deceased about a loan that a man owes to the deceased with one more just witness. He (the Imam) (a.s.), signed the answer that said: ‘If one more just man testifie
كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَا يُجِيزُ شَهَادَةَ الْأَجِيرِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), would not allow the testimony of a wage worker.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا يُرَدُّ مِنَ الشُّهُودِ قَالَ فَقَالَ الظَّنِينُ وَ الْمُتَّهَمُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالْفَاسِقُ وَ الْخَائِنُ قَالَ ذَلِكَ يَدْخُلُ فِي الظَّنِينِ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the kind of witnesses whose testimony is rejected. He (the Imam) said, ‘Of such people are a pessimist and an accused.’ I then asked, ‘What about a sinful and a treacherous one?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Such ones are included in “pessimist”.”’
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الَّذِي يُرَدُّ مِنَ الشُّهُودِ فَقَالَ الظَّنِينُ وَ الْخَصْمُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالْفَاسِقُ وَ الْخَائِنُ قَالَ فَقَالَ كُلُّ هَذَا يَدْخُلُ فِي الظَّنِينِ[2].
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the witnesses whose testimony is rejected. He (the Imam) said, ‘Of such people are a pessimist and an antagonist.’ I then asked, ‘What about a sinful and a treacherous one?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Such ones are included in “pessimist”.”’
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَمَّا يُرَدُّ مِنَ الشُّهُودِ فَقَالَ الظَّنِينُ وَ الْمُتَّهَمُ وَ الْخَصْمُ قَالَ قُلْتُ الْفَاسِقُ وَ الْخَائِنُ قَالَ كُلُّ هَذَا يَدْخُلُ فِي الظَّنِينِ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the witnesses whose testimonies are rejected. He (the Imam) said, ‘He (the Imam) said, ‘Of such people are a pessimist, an accused and an antagonist.’ I then asked, ‘What about a sinful and a treacherous one?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Such ones are included in “pessimist”.”’
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ وَلَدِ الزِّنَى أَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ فَقَالَ لَا فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ عُتَيْبَةَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهَا تَجُوزُ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَغْفِرْ ذَنْبَهُ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِلْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ- وَ إِنَّهُ لَذِكْرٌ لَكَ وَ لِقَوْمِكَ[3].
“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the testimony of one who is born out of wedlock if it is acceptable. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not acceptable.’ I then said that al-Hakam ibn al-‘Utaybah considers it acceptable. He (the Imam) said, ‘O Lord, do not forgive his sin. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has not
لَا أَقْبَلُ شَهَادَةَ الْفَاسِقِ إِلَّا عَلَى نَفْسِهِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘I do not accept the testimony of a sinful man except against his own-self.’”
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ وَلَدِ الزِّنَى.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The testimony of one born out of wedlock is not admissible.’”
أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص كَانَ لَا يَقْبَلُ شَهَادَةَ فَحَّاشٍ وَ لَا ذِي مُخْزِيَةٍ فِي الدِّينِ[1].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), would not accept the testimony of persons of offensive manners and those humiliated by law.”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ لَوْ أَنَّ أَرْبَعَةً شَهِدُوا عِنْدِي عَلَى رَجُلٍ بِالزِّنَى وَ فِيهِمْ وَلَدُ الزِّنَى لَحَدَدْتُهُمْ جَمِيعاً لِأَنَّهُ لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ وَ لَا يَؤُمُّ النَّاسَ.
“I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), saying, ‘If four men among whom one is born out of wedlock testify before me against a man for fornication I will execute penalty on them all because his testimony is not acceptable and he cannot lead the people in Salat (prayer).’”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ لَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ صَاحِبِ النَّرْدِ وَ الْأَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ وَ صَاحِبِ الشَّاهَيْنِ يَقُولُ لَا وَ اللَّهِ وَ بَلَى وَ اللَّهِ مَاتَ وَ اللَّهِ شَاهٌ وَ قُتِلَ وَ اللَّهِ شَاهٌ وَ مَا مَاتَ وَ مَا قُتِلَ.
“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Testimony of the following people is not acceptable. (Of such people is) one who plays dice, (backgammon), or the game played with fourteen pieces of tokens and a friend (player) of Shahayn (the two kings) which means chess who says, ‘No, by Allah and yes by Allah. His king