Chapter on Apostasy

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ كُلُّ مُسْلِمٍ بَيْنَ مُسْلِمَيْنِ‌[3] ارْتَدَّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ جَحَدَ مُحَمَّداً ص نُبُوَّتَهُ وَ كَذَّبَهُ فَإِنَّ دَمَهُ مُبَاحٌ لِكُلِّ مَنْ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ وَ امْرَأَتَهُ بَائِنَةٌ مِنْهُ فَلَا تَقْرَبْهُ‌[4] وَ يُقْسَمُ مَالُهُ عَلَى وَرَثَتِهِ وَ تَعْتَدُّ امْرَأَتُهُ عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا- وَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ إِنْ أُتِيَ بِهِ

I heard Abu Abdullah (as), say: "Any Muslim who is living among Muslims and then apostasizes from Islam, denies the prophethood of Muhammad, peace be upon him and his family, and rejects him, then his blood is permissible (to be shed) for anyone who hears that from him. His wife becomes separated from him and must not

رَوَى السَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع‌ أَنَّ الْمُرْتَدَّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ تُعْزَلُ عَنْهُ امْرَأَتُهُ وَ لَا تُؤْكَلُ ذَبِيحَتُهُ وَ يُسْتَتَابُ ثَلَاثاً[6] فَإِنْ رَجَعَ وَ إِلَّا قُتِلَ يَوْمَ الرَّابِعِ إِذَا كَانَ صَحِيحَ الْعَقْلِ‌[7].

Hadith.3547 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), from his forefathers, peace be upon them: "A person who apostasizes from Islam is to be separated from his wife, his slaughtered meat is not to be eaten, and he is to be given an opportunity

لَا تُقْتَلُ وَ تُسْتَخْدَمُ خِدْمَةً شَدِيدَةً وَ تُمْنَعُ عَنِ الطَّعَامِ وَ الشَّرَابِ إِلَّا مَا تُمْسِكُ بِهِ نَفْسَهَا وَ تُلْبَسُ أَخْشَنَ الثِّيَابِ وَ تُضْرَبُ عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ‌[1].

Hadith.3548 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a person who apostasizes from Islam: "He is not to be killed but is to be subjected to hard labor, denied food and drink except what sustains his life, made to wear coarse clothing, and beaten to perform prayers."

فِي رِوَايَةِ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ‌ إِذَا ارْتَدَّتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ لَمْ تُقْتَلْ وَ لَكِنْ تُحْبَسُ أَبَداً.

Hadith.3549 - In a narration by Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "If a woman apostasizes from Islam, she is not to be killed but is to be imprisoned forever."

إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع لَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ أَتَاهُ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الزُّطِّ[2] فَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ كَلَّمُوهُ بِلِسَانِهِمْ[3] ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ إِنِّي لَسْتُ كَمَا قُلْتُمْ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ مَخْلُوقٌ قَالَ فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالُوا لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ لَا بَلْ أَنْتَ أَنْتَ هُوَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ لَئِنْ لَمْ تَرْجِعُوا عَمَّا قُلْتُمْ وَ لَمْ تَتُوبُوا[4] إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَأَ

وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ بِالْكُوفَةِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ‌[2] أَتَى رَجُلٌ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَشَهِدَ أَنَّهُ رَآهُمَا يُصَلِّيَانِ لِصَنَمٍ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَيْحَكَ لَعَلَّهُ بَعْضُ مَنْ يَشْتَبِهُ عَلَيْكَ أَمْرُهُ فَأَرْسَلَ رَجُلًا فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمَا وَ هُمَا يُصَلِّيَانِ لِصَنَمٍ فَأَتَى بِهِمَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا ارْجِعَا فَأَبَيَا فَخَدَّ لَهُمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ أُخْدُوداً وَ أَجَّجَ فِيهِ نَاراً

Hadith.3551 - And it is reported that two men in Kufa, who were Muslims, were brought before Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). A man testified that he had seen them praying to an idol. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Woe unto you! Perhaps it is someone who merely appeared similar to them, and th

وَ كَتَبَ غُلَامٌ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌[2] إِلَيْهِ إِنِّي قَدْ أَصَبْتُ قَوْماً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ زَنَادِقَةً وَ قَوْماً مِنَ النَّصَارَى زَنَادِقَةً فَقَالَ أَمَّا مَنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وُلِدَ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ ثُمَّ ارْتَدَّ فَاضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ وَ لَا تَسْتَتِبْهُ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يُولَدْ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ فَاسْتَتِبْهُ فَإِنْ تَابَ وَ إِلَّا فَاضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ وَ أَمَّا النَّصَارَى فَمَا هُمْ

Hadith.3552 - A servant wrote to Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) saying: "I have come across a group of Muslims who are heretics (Zindiqs) and a group of Christians who are also heretics." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) replied: "As for those who were born as Muslims, upon the natural disposition (Fi

طَئُوا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ‌[4] عَلَيْهِ فَوُطِئَ حَتَّى مَاتَ.

Hadith.3553 - In a narration reported by Musa bin Bakr from Al-Fudhayl, from Abu Abdullah (as): "A man from among the Muslims converted to Christianity. He was brought to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) asked him to repent, but he refused. Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) seized him by his hair

لَا يُتْرَكُ وَ لَكِنْ يُضْرَبُ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ‌[5].

Hadith.3554 - In a narration reported by Fadalah from Aban, Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Regarding a child who grows up and chooses Christianity while one of his parents is a Christian or both of them are Muslims, he is not to be left (in that state), but rather he is compelled to follow Islam."

مَالُهُ لِوُلْدِهِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ‌[7].

Hadith.3555 - Ibn Faddal reported from Aban that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "If a man dies as an apostate from Islam and he has children and wealth, his wealth is to be inherited by his Muslim children."

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ الْأَبُ جَرَّ الْوَلَدَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَمَنْ‌ أَدْرَكَ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ دُعِيَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَإِنْ أَبَى قُتِلَ وَ إِنْ أَسْلَمَ الْوَلَدُ لَمْ يَجُرَّ أَبَوَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمَا مِيرَاثٌ‌[1].

Hadith.3556 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "If the father embraces Islam, he leads his child to Islam. When the child reaches maturity, he is invited to accept Islam; if he refuses, he is to be killed. However, if the child accepts Islam, they do not bring their parents into it, and there