كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَقُولُ فِي الرَّجُلِ الْحُرِّ يَمُوتُ وَ لَهُ أُمٌّ مَمْلُوكَةٌ قَالَ تُشْتَرَى مِنْ مَالِ ابْنِهَا ثُمَّ تُعْتَقُ ثُمَّ يُوَرَّثُ[2].
Hadith.5731 - Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said that Commander of the Faithful (as) used to say regarding a free man who dies while his mother is a slave: "She should be purchased from the wealth of her son, then freed, and then she will inherit from him."
انْظُرُوا هَلْ تَجِدُونَ لَهُ وَارِثاً فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّ لَهُ ابْنَتَيْنِ بِالْيَمَامَةِ مَمْلُوكَتَيْنِ فَاشْتَرَاهُمَا مِنْ مَالِ الْمَيِّتِ ثُمَّ دَفَعَ إِلَيْهِمَا بَقِيَّةَ الْمِيرَاثِ.
"A servant of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) passed away. Imam Ali (as) said: 'Look and see if he has any heirs.' It was said to Him (as): 'He has two daughters in Yamamah who are enslaved.' So, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) purchased them using the deceased's wealth and then gave them the remainder of the inheritance."
أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَمُوتُ وَ يَتْرُكُ ابْناً مَمْلُوكاً قَالَ يُشْتَرَى ابْنُهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَيُعْتَقُ وَ يُوَرَّثُ مَا بَقِيَ.
I asked Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a man who dies and leaves behind a son who is enslaved. Imam (as) said: "His son should be purchased from his wealth, then freed, and he will inherit whatever remains."
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِذَا مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ وَ لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ مَمْلُوكَةٌ اشْتَرَاهَا مِنْ مَالِهِ فَأَعْتَقَهَا ثُمَ
Hadith.5734 - In the narration of Ibn Muskan from Sulayman ibn Khalid, Abu Abdullah (as) said: "When a man died and had a slave woman as his wife, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) would purchase her from his wealth, free her, and then grant her inheritance."
وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِيمَنِ ادَّعَى عَبْدَ إِنْسَانٍ وَ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ ابْنُهُ[2] أَنَّهُ يُعْتَقُ مِنْ مَالِ الَّذِي ادَّعَاهُ[3] فَإِنْ تُوُفِّيَ الْمُدَّعِي وَ قُسِمَ مَالُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُعْتَقَ الْعَبْدُ فَقَدْ سَبَقَهُ الْمَالُ وَ إِنْ أُعْتِقَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْسَمَ مَالُهُ فَلَهُ نَصِيبُهُ
"The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding a man who claimed that a slave belonged to him and asserted that he was his son. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled that the slave should be freed from the wealth of the one who made the claim. If the claimant died and his wealth was divided before the slave was freed,
لَا يَطَؤُهَا حَتَّى تَعْتَدَّ مِنَ الزَّوْجِ الْمَيِّتِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ يَطَؤُهَا بِالْمِلْكِ مِنْ غَيْرِ نِكَاحٍ قُلْتُ فَوَلَدُهَا مِنَ الزَّوْجِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ تَرَكَ مَالًا اشْتُرِيَ مِنْهُ بِالْقِيمَةِ- فَأُعْتِقَ وَ وُرِّثَ[1] قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَدَعْ مَالًا قَالَ فَهُوَ مَعَ أُمِّهِ كَهَيْأَتِهَا.
I asked him about a man who had a slave woman (umm walad) and her child from him died. He then married her to another man, and she bore him a child. Later, that man died, and she returned to her original master. I asked: "Does he have the right to be intimate with her before marrying her?" Imam (as) said: "He cannot be
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْعَبْدُ لَا يُوَرَّثُ وَ الطَّلِيقُ لَا يُوَرَّثُ[3].
Hadith.5737 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab who said that Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "A slave does not inherit, and a divorced person does not inherit."
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ لَا يَتَوَارَثُ الْحُرُّ وَ الْمَمْلُوكُ[5].
I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: "A free person and a slave do not inherit from one another."
أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَمْلُوكِ وَ الْمَمْلُوكَةِ هَلْ يَحْجُبَانِ إِذَا لَمْ يَرِثَا قَالَ لَا[6].
I asked Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a male and female slave - do they prevent others from inheriting if they themselves do not inherit? Imam (as) replied: "No."