Chapter on Taqlid, following the opinions of someone

1. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ’Abdallah ibn Yahya from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following. “I asked Imam abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) about the verse of the holy Quran that says, ‘They (unconditionally) obeyed the rabbis and the monks and worshipped the Messiah, son of Mary, as they should have obeyed God. . (9:31)’. The Imam replied, “By Allah they did not call people to worship them. If they had done so people would not have accepted it. The Rabbis and monks made unlawful things lawful for them and the lawful things as unlawful. And in this way they worshipped them unintentionally.”.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ibn al-Qaddah from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Whenever anyone of you prays he should maintain inclusiveness (pray for everyone) in his prayer. This may become a reason for the acceptance of the prayer.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from af-Washsha’ from Aban from those who narrated to him has said the foffowing: “Abu Ja‘far, and abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, have said, ‘Woman experiencing Hayd (menses) must compensatory prayer fasting but not for Salah (prayer).’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Musa ibn Bakr from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ibn ‘Umm Maktum once said Adhan for the morning Salat (prayer) and a man passed by the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, who was eating. He (the Messenger of Allah) invited the man to eat Suhur (breakfast in the morning before dawn). He said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, Mu’adhdhin has said Adhan for the morning Salat (prayer).’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Ibn ‘Umm Maktum says Adhan in the night; when Bilal says Adhan, then you must stop eating.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Mu’ammar ibn Khallad who has said the following: “I heard abu al-Hassan (a.s.), saying, ‘Once a man came to Ja‘far (a.s.), as if giving him good advice; he said, ‘O abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, why have you made the properties in scattered pieces? Had they been in one piece, more profit with fewer expenses could have been made? Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, replied, ‘I have kept them scattered so that if losses affect one piece, others remain unaffected, but a bag keeps all of them together (vulnerable to losses).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘ Abd af-Malik ibn al-Mughirah from Shu’ayb al-Haddad from Mu ‘alia’ ibn al-Khunays who has said the following: “There is a man who divorces his wife and does not go back to her until three Hayd (menses) are complete, then marries her then divorces her and leaves until three Hayd (menses) are complete and does not go back to her to touch her. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He can marry forever as long as he does not go back to her to touch”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhassin ibn Ahmad from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ’Isma‘il al-Ju‘fiy who has narrated the following: “About the case of a woman who leaves behind her husband and parents, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The share of the husband is one-half, the share of mother is one-third and the remaining belongs to the father.’ About the case of a man who leaves behind a wife and both parents, he (the Imam) said, ‘The share of the wife is one-fourth, the share of the mother is one-third and the remaining belongs to the father.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Hamdani from Muhammad ibn ‘Ubayda who has said the following. “Abu al-Hassan (a.s.) said, ‘O Muhammad, Do you observe Taqlid more strictly or the group of Murji’a?’ Muhammad ibn ‘ubaydah has said, “I replied, ‘They observe Taqlid and we observe Taqlid.’ The Imam then said, “I did not ask you about this.” I did not have any answer other than the first one. The Imam then said, “The group of Murji’a chose a man whose obedience was not obligatory (in the commands of Allah) but they obeyed and followed him strictly. You chose a man and considered obedience to him necessary (in commands from Allah) and then you did not follow him strictly, therefore, they are more strict in Taqlid, following than you are.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Afi ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from af-Hassan ibn Rashid who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who experiences Hayd (menses) if she is required to perform Qada’ (compensatory prayer) of Salah (prayer) she has missed. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, she is not required.’ I asked if she is required to do Qada’ (compensatory prayer) of fasting. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, she is required to fast.’ I then asked, ‘From where has this come?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The first one who used analogy was Iblis (Satan).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ali ibn ‘ Atiyyah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Dawn is when you see it, widthwise, like the whiteness of the suray (canal) (Euphrates river).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from the one whom he has mentioned (in his book) from Zurarah from Abu ‘Abdillah (AS) who said, "The most difficult property to protect is of the silent kind (gold and silver).’ I then asked, ‘What should one do about it?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘One should keep them inside walls, a garden or a house.’"

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ‘Ubayd Allah ibn Ahmad from ibn ‘Umayr from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from Shu’ayb al- Hadad from Mu ‘alia’ ibn al-Khunays who has said the following: “There is a man who divorces his wife, then does not go back to her until three cycles of Hayd (menses) are complete, then divorces and leaves her until three cycles of Hayd (menses) are complete then marries her then divorces without going back to her and leaves until three cycles of Hayd (menses) are complete. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He can marry her forever as long as he does not go back and touch her.’ Ibn Bukayr and his companions were of this opinion and ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah narrated it to me that he asked, ‘On what basis do you say so?’ He replied, ‘I say so on the basis of Hadith narrated by Rifa‘ah who has narrated from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that it destroys what is passed. He (the narrator) has said, that Rifa‘ah has only said, ‘He divorced, then another man married her, then divorced; then the first man married her and this destroys the first ‘Talaq’ (divorce).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj from ’Isma‘il ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Ju‘fiy who has narrated the following: “About the case of a woman who leaves behind her husband and both parents, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The share of the husband is one-half, the share of mother is one-third and the remaining belongs to the father.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Afi ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a woman who experiences Hayd (menses). I asked about Qada’ (compensatory prayer) of Salah (prayer) she has missed and that of fast. He (the Imam) said, ‘She is not required to perform Qada’ (compensatory prayer) of Salah (prayer) but she is required to do Qada’ (compensatory prayer) of fast of the month of Ramadan.’ He (the Imam) then turned to me and said that the Messenger of Allah would give such instructions to Fatimah, ‘Alayha al-Salam, and she would instruct the believing women so.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of ‘The white twine from the black twine.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is the whiteness of the day out of the blackness of the night.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Bilal and ibn ‘Umm Maktum would say Adhan for the Holy prophet. Ibn ‘Umm Maktum was blind and would say Adhan in the night. Bilal, however, would say Adhan when it was dawn. The Holy prophet said, ‘When you hear the voice of Bilal then stop eating and drinking, because you are in the morning.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban ibn ‘Uthman who has said the following: “Once Ja‘far, Alayhi al-Salam, called me and asked, ‘Has so and so sold his land?’ I replied, ‘Yes, he has done so.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is written in the Torah that whoever sells a piece of land or water and does not replace it by another piece of land or water, its price (money received) loses its blessings.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr and Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus all from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once made me (Muhammad ibn Muslim) to read the book of ordained shares which was dictated by the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, to Ali (a.s.), who wrote it with his own hand. I read in it about the case of a woman who leaves behind her husband and her both parents. In such case for the husband is one-half; three shares, for the mother is two shares, one complete third and one-sixth belongs to the father.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ from al-Washsha’ from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ’Isma‘il al- -Ju’fiy who has said the following: “I once said to abu Ja‘far (a.s.), that al-Mughirah ibn Sa‘id has narrated from you that you have said, ‘A woman is required to perform Qada’ (compensatory prayer) of Salah (prayer) she has missed when experiencing Hayd (menses). He (the Imam) said, ‘What has happened to him, may Allah not accord him. The wife of ‘Imran made a vow about what was in her belly to be dedicated. What is dedicated to Masjid enters it then does not come out whereof forever. When she gave birth she said, ‘My Cherisher, I have given birth to a female. . . . and male is not like a female.’ When she gave birth she entered the Masjid, prophets cooperated with her and the raffle came out in the name of Zakariya’ who took charge of her upbringing. She did not come out of the Masjid until she was an adult. When she became what women become, she moved out. Was she able to perform Qada’ (compensatory prayer) of the days of Salah (prayer) she was out of the Masjid while she must have remained in the Masjid forever?”’ (The terms of dedication may not allow her to perform the form of Salah (prayer) Qada’ (compensatory prayer) required from her).

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from and Ahmad ibn Idris from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar all from Safwan ibn Yahya from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “This is about the words of Allah, most High, ‘It is lawful for you to have carnal relation with your wives during the night of the fast. . . .’ (2:187) One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said that it was revealed about the case of Khawwat ibn Jubayr al-Ansariy. He was with the Holy prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, at the time of digging the ditch and fasting. It became evening. At that time, before the revelation of this verse, if anyone slept, eating and drinking became unlawful for him. Khawwat went home to his family in the evening and asked for food. They said that it is not ready yet so you must wait until food is prepared for you. He leaned and fell asleep. They asked him, ‘Did you do it (sleep)?’ He replied, ‘Yes, I did.’ He remained in that condition until the morning, then went to work in the ditches and would faint. The Messenger of Allah passed by and asked about his condition, which he informed him of his story. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, then sent down this verse, ‘Eat and drink until the white twine appears to you from the black twine in the morning.’ (2:187)”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ali has narrated from Salih ibn abu Hammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Wahab al-Haririy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The buyer of real property receives sustenance and the seller thereof suffers a serious loss.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Muhammad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah has narrated from Mu‘awiyah ibn Hakam from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who divorces his wife and leaves until she becomes stranger to him, then marries her. He (the Imam) said, ‘She can live with him just as she did with marriage.’ I then said, ‘Hadith of Rifa‘ah says, “If there is a husband in between.’” Then ‘Abd Allah said to me, ‘This is husband and it is what Allah has granted of opinion. Whenever he divorces once and then she becomes stranger to him, then another man marries her then her husband divorces, then she marries the first husband, she can live with him accepted as she was.’ I then asked ‘Abd Allah, ‘According to whose Hadith is this?’ He replied, ‘It is what Allah has granted.’ Mu‘awiyah ibn Hukaym has said that our people have narrated from Rifa‘ah ibn Musa that husband destroys the first divorce and if he marries her she lives with him accepted.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘Three divorces destroy but not one and two.’ Hadith of Rifa‘ah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), is the one on the basis of which ibn Bukayr has argued.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah who has narrated the following: “I once said to Zurarah that certain people narrated to me from abu Ja‘far and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about certain things of ordained shares. I like to show them to you so you can tell me what is right and what is false; and about what is right, say that it is right but do not narrate and remain quiet, and I narrated to him what Muhammad ibn Muslim had narrated to me about husband and both parents. He said, ‘By Allah it is the truth.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Asem ibn Humayd from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘When does it become unlawful to eat and drink for one fasting, and when does performing Salat (prayer) of the morning becomes lawful?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When dawn appears which looks like white Coptic fabrics, then eating and drinking become unlawful for a fasting person and performing the morning Salat (prayer) becomes lawful.’ I then said, ‘So we do not have time until sunrise.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘That is not it at all. Where are you going? That is the time for Salat (prayer) by children.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Al-Hassan ibn Muhammad has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Nahdiy from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from Muhammad ibn Murazim from his father who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, once said to his Mawla’, Musadif, ‘Find some real property or goods; when man faces hardship or misfortune, and then finds out that behind him there is something for support of his family, he feels more generous to allow his soul to depart (his body).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from Ali ibn al-Hassan ibn Ribat from ‘Abd Allah ibn Waddah from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “About the case of a woman who leaves behind her husband, her mother and father, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is distributed from six shares, one-half, three shares for the husband, one-third, two shares for the mother and one-sixth is for the father.’ “Al-Fadl ibn Shadhan in this issue has said, ‘Of the proof that one-third of the legacy is for the mother is that all who oppose us have not said in this case that the mother receives one-sixth. They have said that mother receives one-third of what remains of the legacy. The remaining of the legacy is one-sixth but they do not allow opposing the words of the book, so they have kept the meaning of the words of the book, but they have opposed its law and it is against Allah and His book. The same is the case with the inheritance of a woman with parents. In this case, the share of the woman is one-fourth, the share of mother is one-third complete and the remaining is for the father. Allah, glorious is whose remembrance, has mentioned this ordained share and in the case before it the share of the woman is one-fourth, the share of husband is one-half, the share of mother is one-third and nothing is mentioned for the father. He has only said, ’His parents inherit him and for the mother is one-third.’ (4:11) The remaining belongs to the father, that is, the remaining of the legacy.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

6. Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Bandar has narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Yusuf from ‘Abd al-Salam from Hisham ibn Ahmar who has said the following: “Abu Ibrahim, Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the price (money) received in exchange for real estate is a loss unless another piece of real estate is purchased therewith.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

7. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Kufiy from ‘Ubays ibn Hisham from ‘Abd al-Samad ibn Bashir from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar from, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam has said, that when the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, arrived in al-Madinah he drew a line around its houses and said, ‘O Allah, do not make it a blessing for those who sell its houses.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan ibn Shammun from al-Asamm from Misma‘ who has said the following: “Once I said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I have a piece of land in which buyers are much interested to purchase.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘O abu Sayyar, do you know that whoever sells land or water (like a fountain for irrigation and so on), his wealth goes away as a bad loss.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I will sell it for a high price and then I can buy a piece of land bigger than this one.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Then it is all right.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from Sama‘ah from Muhammad ibn Ziyad and Safwan from Rifa‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who divorces his wife and she becomes a stranger to him because of the expiration of her waiting period; then another man marries her who divorces her also; then she marries the first husband; if it destroys the first divorce. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it destroys the first divorce.’ Ibn Sama‘ah has said that ibn Bukayr would say, ‘If a divorced woman is divorced by her husband, then leaves her until she becomes stranger to him, then marries her, she then can live with him on the basis of a new divorce. Ibn Sama‘ah has said that al-Husayn ibn Hashim has mentioned that he asked ibn Bukayr who gave this answer and he then asked, ‘Have you heard anything about it?’ He replied, ‘No, it is what Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has granted in the form of opinion.’ Ibn Sama‘ah has said, ‘We do not accept the words of ibn Bukayr; in fact Hadith says, ‘If there is a husband between them.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.