Prophethood

إِنَّ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ فِي إِمَارَةِ عُثْمَانَ اجْتَمَعُوا فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي يَوْمِ جُمُعَةٍ وَ هُمْ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُزَوِّجُوا رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَرِيبٌ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ هَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْ نُخْجِلَ عَلِيّاً السَّاعَةَ نَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَخْطُبَ بِنَا وَ نَتَكَلَّمُ فَإِنَّهُ يَخْجَلُ وَ يَعْيَا بِالْكَلَامِ‌[1] فَأَقْبَلُوا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that one day a group of banu ‘Umayyah during the time of the government of ‘Uthman came together in Masjid of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah,

زَوَّجَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع امْرَأَةً مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَ كَانَ يَلِي أَمْرَهَا فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْجَبَّارِ الْحَلِيمِ الْغَفَّارِ الْوَاحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ الْكَبِيرِ الْمُتَعَالِ‌ سَواءٌ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ أَسَرَّ الْقَوْلَ وَ مَنْ جَهَرَ بِهِ وَ مَنْ هُوَ مُسْتَخْفٍ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ سارِبٌ‌ بِالنَّهارِ[2] أَحْمَدُهُ وَ أَسْتَعِينُهُ وَ أُومِنُ بِهِ وَ أَتَوَكَّلُ عَلَيْهِ‌ وَ كَفى‌ بِ

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin once gave a woman from banu ‘ Abd al-Muttalib in marriage, solemnized her marriage and said, ‘All praise belongs to Allah, most Majestic, most Powerful, the Forbearing, the Forgiving, the one Dominant, the most Great, most High - no matter whatever anyone of you says

خَطَبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِهَذِهِ الْخُطْبَةِ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ أَحْمَدُهُ وَ أَسْتَعِينُهُ وَ أَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَ أَسْتَهْدِيهِ وَ أُومِنُ بِهِ وَ أَتَوَكَّلُ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً ص عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ‌ بِالْهُدى‌ وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ* دَلِيلًا عَلَيْهِ وَ دَاعِياً إِلَيْهِ

3. Ahmad ibn ‘Isma’il ibn Mehran has said that narrated to us ‘Abd al-Malik ibn abu al-Harith from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once addressed with the following speech: ‘All praise belongs to Allah, I praise Him, beg assistance from

أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ عَبْدٌ لَمْ يَعْبُدْ أَحَداً غَيْرَهُ اصْطَفَاهُ بِعِلْمِهِ وَ أَمِيناً عَلَى وَحْيِهِ وَ رَسُولًا إِلَى خَلْقِهِ فَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَقَدْ سَمِعْنَا مَقَالَتَكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمُ الْأَحْيَاءُ الْأَقْرَبُونَ نَرْغَبُ فِي مُصَاهَرَتِكُمْ وَ نُسْعِفُكُمْ بِحَاجَتِكُمْ وَ نَضَنُّ بِإِخَائ

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), as response in Khutbah for marriage has said, ‘All praise belongs to Allah who chooses praise especially for Himself, glorified is thereby His mention and facilitated thereby is His command. We praise Him without any doubt in it; we see what we prepare in the hope for success and as key to its

لَمَّا أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتَ خُوَيْلِدٍ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ مَعَهُ نَفَرٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى وَرَقَةَ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ عَمِّ خَدِيجَةَ فَابْتَدَأَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ بِالْكَلَامِ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِرَبِّ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ الَّذِي جَعَلَنَا مِنْ زَرْعِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ ذُرِّيَّةِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ أَنْزَلَنَا حَرَماً آمِناً وَ جَعَلَنَا الْحُكَّامَ عَل

9. Certain persons of our people have narrated from Ali ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn Hassan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Kathir who has said the following: “When the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, decided to marry Khadijah daughter of Khuwayli

كَانَ صَدَاقُ النَّبِيِّ ص اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَ نَشّاً وَ الْأُوقِيَّةُ أَرْبَعُونَ دِرْهَماً وَ النَّشُّ عِشْرُونَ دِرْهَماً وَ هُوَ نِصْفُ الْأُوقِيَّةِ[3].

‘The amount of mahr (dower) the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, paid was twelve Awqiyah and one Nashsha. Al-Awqiyah is equal to forty dirham and one al-Nashsha is equal to twenty dirham and it is equal to one-half of al- Awqiyah.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ سَاقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى أَزْوَاجِهِ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَ نَشّاً وَ الْأُوقِيَّةُ أَرْبَعُونَ دِرْهَماً وَ النَّشُّ نِصْفُ الْأُوقِيَّةِ عِشْرُونَ دِرْهَماً فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ خَمْسَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ قُلْتُ بِوَزْنِنَا قَالَ نَعَمْ.

‘The amount of mahr (dower) the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, paid to his wives was twelve Awqiyah and one Nashsha. Al-Awqiyah is equal to forty dirham and one al-Nashsha is equal to one-half of al-Awqiyah. It was five hundred dirham/

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الصَّدَاقِ هَلْ لَهُ وَقْتٌ قَالَ لَا ثُمَّ قَالَ كَانَ صَدَاقُ النَّبِيِّ ص اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَ نَشّاً وَ النَّشُّ نِصْفُ الْأُوقِيَّةِ وَ الْأُوقِيَّةُ أَرْبَعُونَ دِرْهَماً فَذَلِكَ خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about mahr (dower); if there is an appointed time to pay it. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, there is no particular time for it.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘The amount of mahr (dower) the Messenger of Allah paid was twelve Awqiyah and one Nashsha. One al-Nashsha is

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَهَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص نِسَاءَهُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَ نَشّاً وَ الْأُوقِيَّةُ أَرْبَعُونَ دِرْهَماً وَ النَّشُّ نِصْفُ الْأُوقِيَّةِ وَ هُوَ عِشْرُونَ دِرْهَماً.

‘The amount of mahr (dower) the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, paid to his wives was twelve Awqiyah and one Nashsha. Al-Awqiyah is equal to forty dirham and one al-Nashsha is equal to one-half of al-Awqiyah which is twenty dirham.’”

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ قَالَ أَبِي‌ مَا زَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَائِرَ بَنَاتِهِ وَ لَا تَزَوَّجَ شَيْئاً مِنْ نِسَائِهِ عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنِ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَ نَشٍّ الْأُوقِيَّةُ أَرْبَعُونَ وَ النَّشُّ عِشْرُونَ دِرْهَماً.

"My father said, ‘The Messenger of Allah (SW) did not give in marriage any of his daughters or marry any of his wives for a mahr (dower) of more than twelve Uqiyyahs and one Nashsh. An Uqiyyah is equal to forty dirhams and a Nashsh is equal to twenty dirhams.’"

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع- عَنْ مَهْرِ السُّنَّةِ كَيْفَ صَارَ خَمْسَمِائَةٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْجَبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَلَّا يُكَبِّرَهُ مُؤْمِنٌ مِائَةَ تَكْبِيرَةٍ وَ يُسَبِّحَهُ مِائَةَ تَسْبِيحَةٍ وَ يُحَمِّدَهُ مِائَةَ تَحْمِيدَةٍ وَ يُهَلِّلَهُ مِائَةَ تَهْلِيلَةٍ وَ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ ثُمَّ يَقُولَ اللَّهُمَّ زَوِّجْنِي مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ إِلَّا ز

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from al-Husayn ibn Khalid and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Uthman al-Khazzaz from a man from al-Husayn ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about mahr (

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ زَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَاطِمَةَ ع عَلَى دِرْعٍ حُطَمِيَّةٍ[2] يَسْوَى ثَلَاثِينَ دِرْهَماً.

‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, arranged the marriage of Fatimah and Ali, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, for a mahr (dower) from one shield made by Hatmiyah (a certain people) valued at thirty dirham.’”

زَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً فَاطِمَةَ ع عَلَى دِرْعٍ حُطَمِيَّةٍ وَ كَانَ فِرَاشُهَا إِهَابَ كَبْشٍ يَجْعَلَانِ الصُّوفَ إِذَا اضْطَجَعَا تَحْتَ جُنُوبِهِمَا.

‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, arranged marriage of Ali and Fatimah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, with a mahr (dower) from a shield made by Hatmiyah and their bed was made of the hide of ram and when sleeping they would turn its fury face un

زَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً- فَاطِمَةَ ع عَلَى دِرْعٍ حُطَمِيَّةٍ يُسَاوِي ثَلَاثِينَ دِرْهَماً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, arranged the marriage of Fatimah and Ali, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, for a mahr (dower) from one shield made by Hatmiyah (a certain people) valued at thirty dirham.’”

لَمَّا زَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- عَلِيّاً فَاطِمَةَ ع دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا وَ هِيَ تَبْكِي فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا يُبْكِيكِ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ فِي أَهْلِي خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ مَا زَوَّجْتُكِهِ وَ مَا أَنَا زَوَّجْتُهُ وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ زَوَّجَكِ وَ أَصْدَقَ عَنْكِ الْخُمُسَ مَا دَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ.

“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘When the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, arranged the marriage of Ali and Fatimah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, he went to see her but found her weeping. He (the Messenger of Allah) asked her, ‘What has made you w

إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع قَالَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص زَوَّجْتَنِي بِالْمَهْرِ الْخَسِيسِ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا أَنَا زَوَّجْتُكِ وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ زَوَّجَكِ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ جَعَلَ مَهْرَكِ خُمُسَ الدُّنْيَا مَا دَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Fatimah, ‘Alayha al-Salam, said to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, ‘You have given me in marriage for a very little mahr (dower).’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘I have not given you in marriage but

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى حُكْمِهَا قَالَ لَا يُجَاوِزْ حُكْمُهَا مُهُورَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَ نَشّاً وَ هُوَ وَزْنُ خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَى حُكْمِهِ وَ رَضِيَتْ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ فَقَالَ مَا حَكَمَ مِنْ شَيْ‌ءٍ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ عَلَيْهَا قَلِيلًا كَانَ أَوْ كَثِيراً قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَكَيْفَ لَم

“This is concerning my question before abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman following her command to form the marriage contract. He (the Imam) said, ‘Her command in the matters of mahr (dower) must stay within the amount of mahr (dower) of the family of Muhammad (SAW), which is twelve Awqiyah

لَهَا الْمُتْعَةُ وَ الْمِيرَاثُ وَ لَا مَهْرَ لَهَا قُلْتُ فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا وَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَى حُكْمِهَا قَالَ إِذَا طَلَّقَهَا وَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَى حُكْمِهَا لَا يُجَاوِزُ حُكْمُهَا عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ وَزْنِ خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ‌[2] فِضَّةً مُهُورِ نِسَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.

“About the case of a man who marries a woman on her command and decision or according to his decision and command then he or she dies before they go to bed with each other, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘She can have advantage and inheritance but has no mahr (dower)/ I then asked what happens if he divorces her after ma

جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَتْ زَوِّجْنِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ لِهَذِهِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ زَوِّجْنِيهَا فَقَالَ مَا تُعْطِيهَا فَقَالَ مَا لِي شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقَالَ لَا قَالَ فَأَعَادَتْ فَأَعَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْكَلَامَ فَلَمْ يَقُمْ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُ الرَّجُلِ ثُمَّ أَعَادَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْمَرَّةِ الثَّالِثَةِ أَ تُحْسِنُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَيْئاً

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that once a woman came to the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and said, ‘You must give me in marriage.’ The Messenger of Allah, asked, ‘Is there anyone for her?’ A man stood up and said, ‘I am for her, O Messenger

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ تَدْرِي مِنْ أَيْنَ صَارَ مُهُورُ النِّسَاءِ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافٍ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أُمَّ حَبِيبٍ بِنْتَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ كَانَتْ بِالْحَبَشَةِ فَخَطَبَهَا النَّبِيُّ ص وَ سَاقَ إِلَيْهَا عَنْهُ النَّجَاشِيُّ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافٍ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ يَأْخُذُونَ بِهِ فَأَمَّا الْمَهْرُ فَاثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَ نَشٌّ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once asked, ‘Do you know why mahr (dower) of women has become four thousand?’ I replied, ‘No, I do not know.’ He (the Imam) said, “Umm Habibah, daughter of abu Sufyan was in al-Habashah (Ethiopia) and the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services t

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ تَصَدَّقَتْ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا بِمَهْرِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهَا بِكُلِّ دِينَارٍ عِتْقَ رَقَبَةٍ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَكَيْفَ بِالْهِبَةِ بَعْدَ الدُّخُولِ قَالَ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْمَوَدَّةِ وَ الْأُلْفَةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘If a woman gives her mahr (dower) as charity to her husband before going to bed with her, Allah writes for her for every dinar freeing of a slave.’ It was ask

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَغْفِرُ كُلَّ ذَنْبٍ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلَّا مَهْرَ امْرَأَةٍ وَ مَنِ اغْتَصَبَ أَجِيراً أَجْرَهُ وَ مَنْ بَاعَ حُرّاً.

‘Allah forgives every sin on the Day of Judgment except non-payment of mahr (dower), usurpation of wages and selling free people.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تَهَبُ نَفْسَهَا لِلرَّجُلِ يَنْكِحُهَا بِغَيْرِ مَهْرٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ هَذَا لِلنَّبِيِّ ص وَ أَمَّا لِغَيْرِهِ فَلَا يَصْلُحُ هَذَا حَتَّى يُعَوِّضَهَا شَيْئاً يُقَدِّمُ إِلَيْهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ وَ لَوْ ثَوْبٌ أَوْ دِرْهَمٌ وَ قَالَ يُجْزِئُ الدِّرْهَمُ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who gives herself as a gift to a man for marriage. He (the Imam) said, ‘This was only for the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, but for others it is not prop

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ امْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَها لِلنَّبِيِ‌[1] فَقَالَ لَا تَحِلُّ الْهِبَةُ إِلَّا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَمَّا غَيْرُهُ فَلَا يَصْلُحُ نِكَاحٌ إِلَّا بِمَهْرٍ.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘A believing woman who gifts herself to the Holy Prophet. . . .’ (33:50) He (the Imam) said that such gift is not lawful except for the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their serv

لَا تَحِلُّ الْهِبَةُ إِلَّا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَمَّا غَيْرُهُ فَلَا يَصْلُحُ نِكَاحٌ إِلَّا بِمَهْرٍ.

‘(A woman’s) gifting herself is not lawful except to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and in other people’s case, marriage is not proper without mahr (dower).”’

لَا إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَيْسَ لِغَيْرِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُعَوِّضَهَا شَيْئاً قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ.

“About the case of a woman who gifts herself or her guardian gifts her to a man, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘No, it was only for the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and not for others unless it is in exchange for something, little

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- يا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِنَّا أَحْلَلْنا لَكَ أَزْواجَكَ‌[2] قُلْتُ كَمْ أُحِلَّ لَهُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ قَالَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْ شَيْ‌ءٍ قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ‌ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّساءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ وَ لا أَنْ تَبَدَّلَ بِهِنَّ مِنْ أَزْواجٍ‌[1] فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَنْكِحَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْ بَنَاتِ عَمِّهِ وَ بَنَاتِ عَمَّاتِهِ وَ بَنَاتِ خَالِهِ وَ بَنَاتِ خَالاتِهِ وَ أَ

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘O Holy prophet, we have made your wives lawful for you’ (33:50) and that how many wives has He made lawful for him (the Holy Prophet)? He (the Imam) said, ‘As many as he wanted were lawful for him? I

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّساءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ وَ لا أَنْ تَبَدَّلَ بِهِنَّ مِنْ أَزْواجٍ وَ لَوْ أَعْجَبَكَ حُسْنُهُنَّ إِلَّا ما مَلَكَتْ يَمِينُكَ‌ فَقَالَ أَرَاكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ مَا لَمْ يَحِلَّ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِرَسُولِهِ ص أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَا شَاءَ إِنَّمَا قَالَ‌ ل

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘Other than these women are not lawful or to exchange wives even though their beauty may attract you except what your right hands possess?(33:52) He (the Imam) said, ‘I see that you think it is lawful f

مَا شَاءَ يَقُولُ بِيَدِهِ هَكَذَا وَ هِيَ لَهُ حَلَالٌ يَعْنِي يَقْبِضُ يَدَهُ.

“We once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘How many women were lawful for the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. He (the Imam) said, ‘As many as he (the Messenger of Allah) wanted’ - making a hand gesture by keeping it closed he (the Imam) said

مَا شَاءَ مِنْ شَيْ‌ءٍ قُلْتُ [قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌]- وَ امْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَها لِلنَّبِيِ‌ فَقَالَ لَا تَحِلُّ الْهِبَةُ إِلَّا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَمَّا لِغَيْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَلَا يَصْلُحُ نِكَاحٌ إِلَّا بِمَهْرٍ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّساءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا عَنَى بِهِ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّسَاءُ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ فِي ه

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, to His the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, ‘O prophet, we have made your wives lawful for you.’ (33:50) and that how many wiv

فِي تَسْمِيَةِ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ نَسَبِهِنَّ وَ صِفَتِهِنَّ عَائِشَةُ وَ حَفْصَةُ وَ أُمُّ حَبِيبٍ بِنْتُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ وَ زَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ وَ سَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ وَ مَيْمُونَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ وَ صَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ حي [حُيَيِ‌] بْنِ أَخْطَبَ وَ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ بِنْتُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ وَ جُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ وَ كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ مِنْ تَيْمٍ وَ حَفْصَةُ مِنْ عَدِيٍّ وَ أُمُّ سَلَ

5. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from ‘ Asem ibn Hamid from abu Basir and others about the names of the wives of the Holy Prophet, and their relations and qualities has said the following: “The names of the wives of the Holy Prophet, were: ‘A’ishah, Hafsah, ‘Umm Habib daughter of abu Sufyan ib

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمْ يَتَزَوَّجْ عَلَى خَدِيجَةَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah (saww) did not marry a second wife in Khadijah’s lifetime.’”

تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ زَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَ هُوَ صَغِيرٌ لَمْ يَبْلُغِ الْحُلُمَ‌[1].

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah married ‘Umm Salamah and she was given in marriage to him (the Messenger of Allah) by ‘Umar ibn abu Salmah who was small and was not mature yet.’”

قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّساءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا لَمْ يَحِلَّ لَهُ النِّسَاءُ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ- حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهاتُكُمْ وَ بَناتُكُمْ‌ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ كُلِّهَا وَ لَوْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ لَكَانَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ لَكُمْ مَا لَمْ يُحِلَّ لَهُ هُوَ لِأَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَسْتَبْدِلُ كُلَّمَا أَرَادَ وَ

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the meaning of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘Thereafter women are not lawful for you. . . (33:53) He (the Imam) said, ‘Unlawful for him were the women mentioned in the verse, "Unlawful for you to marry are your mothers, daughters.

إِنِّي لَذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عِنْدَ زِيَادِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَارِثِيِّ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ يَسْتَعْدِي عَلَى أَبِيهِ‌[1] فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَ اللَّهُ الْأَمِيرَ إِنَّ أَبِي زَوَّجَ ابْنَتِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي فَقَالَ زِيَادٌ لِجُلَسَائِهِ الَّذِينَ عِنْدَهُ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِيمَا يَقُولُ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ قَالُوا نِكَاحُهُ بَاطِلٌ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا سَأَلَنِي أَق

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One day I was with Ziyad ibn ‘Ubayd Allah al-Harithiy when a man came and complained saying, “My father has given my daughter in marriage without my permission.” Ziyad then asked the people in his meeting about their views in the matter. They said, “His marriage is invalid.’” He (the

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ لِمَوْلًى لَهُ انْطَلِقْ فَقُلْ لِلْقَاضِي قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حَدُّ الْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ بِهَا عَلَى زَوْجِهَا ابْنَةُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ.

The Messenger of Allah (sw) said, 'The limit for a woman by which her husband can have sex with her is when she is nine years old.'"

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع وَ أَنَا قَائِمٌ جَعَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ شَرِيكاً لِي كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَطَلَّقَهَا فَبَانَتْ مِنْهُ فَأَرَادَ مُرَاجَعَتَهَا وَ قَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَتَزَوَّجُكَ أَبَداً حَتَّى تَجْعَلَ اللَّهَ لِي عَلَيْكَ أَلَّا تُطَلِّقَنِي وَ لَا تَزَوَّجَ عَلَيَّ قَالَ وَ فَعَلَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَدْ فَعَلَ جَعَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ بِئْسَ مَا صَنَعَ وَ

“I once said to abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), when I was standing, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, my partner had a wife. He divorced her and became stranger to her then he wanted to go back to her and she said, ‘No, by Allah, I will never marry you until you make it binding on yourself from A

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَوْلُ شُعَيْبٍ ع‌ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنْكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ابْنَتَيَّ هاتَيْنِ عَلى‌ أَنْ تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمانِيَ حِجَجٍ فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْراً فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ‌[1] أَيَّ الْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَى قَالَ الْوَفَاءُ مِنْهُمَا أَبْعَدُهُمَا عَشْرُ سِنِينَ قُلْتُ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ الشَّرْطُ أَوْ بَعْدَ انْقِضَائِهِ قَالَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَالرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْ

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the meaning of the words of Shu‘ayb, ‘(Shu‘ayb) said to (Moses), “I want to give one of my daughters to you in marriage on the condition that you will work for me for eight years, but you may continue for two more years only out of your own accord’” (28:27) and that which one o

لَوْ لَمْ يَحْرُمْ عَلَى النَّاسِ أَزْوَاجُ النَّبِيِّ ص لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ ما كانَ لَكُمْ أَنْ تُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ لا أَنْ تَنْكِحُوا أَزْواجَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ أَبَداً[3] حَرُمْنَ عَلَى الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ لا تَنْكِحُوا ما نَكَحَ آباؤُكُمْ مِنَ النِّساءِ[4] وَ لَا يَصْلُحُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَنْكِحَ امْرَأَةَ جَدِّهِ.

“One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ’If the wives of the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, were not made unlawful for people to marry because of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, “Yo

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ وَ ذَكَرَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- وَ وَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسانَ بِوالِدَيْهِ حُسْناً[5] فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَحَدُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ مَنِ الْآخَرُ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ نِسَاؤُهُ عَلَيْنَا حَرَامٌ وَ هِيَ لَنَا خَاصَّةً.

“I once heard abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, when this verse was mentioned, ‘We advised the man about his (two fathers) parents’, (29:7) ‘The Messenger of Allah is one of the (two fathers) parents.’ ‘Who is the other (father) parent?’ ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Ajalan then asked. He (the Imam) replied ‘Ali (a.s.), is the other (

لَوْ كَانَ نَبِيّاً مَا مَاتَ ابْنُهُ فَأَلْحَقَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِأَهْلِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ وُلِّيَ النَّاسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَتَتْهُ الْعَامِرِيَّةُ وَ الْكِنْدِيَّةُ وَ قَدْ خُطِبَتَا فَاجْتَمَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ فَقَالا لَهُمَا اخْتَارَا إِنْ شِئْتُمَا الْحِجَابَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتُمَا الْبَاهَ فَاخْتَارَتَا الْبَاهَ فَتَزَوَّجَتَا فَجُذِمَ أَحَدُ الرَّجُلَيْنِ و

“Sa‘ad ibn Abu ‘Urwah narrated to me from al-Hassan al-Basri that the Messenger of Allah (saww) married a woman from the tribe of Banu ’Amir ibn Sa‘sa‘ah called Sana’ and she was the most beautiful among women of her time. When ‘A’isha and Hafsa looked at her they said that she will dominate them before the Messenger o

فِي حَدِيثِهِ وَ لَا هُمْ يَسْتَحِلُّونَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجُوا أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ إِنْ كَانُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ وَ إِنَّ أَزْوَاجَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْحُرْمَةِ مِثْلُ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ.

“Zurarah has narrated a Hadith similar to the previous Hadith from Abu Ja’far (a.s.), and he (the Imam) has said, ’They do not consider it lawful to marry their mothers if they are believers. The wives of the Messenger of Allah (sw) in the matter of the above unlawfulness are like their mothers.’”

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ عَرَضْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ابْنَةَ حَمْزَةَ فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهَا ابْنَةُ أَخِي مِنَ الرَّضَاعِ.

The daughter of Hamzah was proposed to the Messenger of Allah (saww) for marriage and he (the Messenger of Allah) said, “Did you not know that she is a daughter of my brother because of breastfeeding?'"

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ فِي ابْنَةِ الْأَخِ مِنَ الرَّضَاعِ لَا آمُرُ بِهِ أَحَداً وَ لَا أَنْهَى عَنْهُ وَ إِنَّمَا أَنْهَى عَنْهُ نَفْسِي وَ وُلْدِي وَ قَالَ عُرِضَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ ابْنَةَ حَمْزَةَ فَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَالَ هِيَ ابْنَةُ أَخِي مِنَ الرَّضَاعِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘In the case of a daughter of a brother because of breastfeeding I do not command anyone or prohibit. I only refrain myself and my sons.’ He (’Amir al-Mu’minin) said, ‘The daughter of Hamzah was proposed to the Messenger of Allah for marriage and

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنَ الْماءِ بَشَراً فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَباً وَ صِهْراً[1] فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ آدَمَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ الْعَذْبِ وَ خَلَقَ زَوْجَتَهُ مِنْ سِنْخِهِ فَبَرَأَهَا[2] مِنْ أَسْفَلِ أَضْلَاعِهِ فَجَرَى بِذَلِكَ الضِّلْعِ سَبَبٌ وَ نَسَبٌ ثُمَّ زَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ فَجَرَى بِسَبَبِ ذَلِكَ بَيْنَهُمَا صِهْرٌ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘He is the one who has created human beings from water, then made him into lineage and in-law relationship.’ (25:54) He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah, most High, created Adam from sweet water and He created his spouse of his kind and car

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا رَضَاعَ بَعْدَ فِطَامٍ وَ لَا وِصَالَ فِي صِيَامٍ وَ لَا يُتْمَ بَعْدَ احْتِلَامٍ وَ لَا صَمْتَ يَوْمٍ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ وَ لَا تَعَرُّبَ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ لَا هِجْرَةَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْحِ‌ وَ لَا طَلَاقَ قَبْلَ النِّكَاحِ وَ لَا عِتْقَ قَبْلَ مِلْكٍ وَ لَا يَمِينَ لِلْوَلَدِ مَعَ وَالِدِهِ وَ لَا لِلْمَمْلُوكِ مَعَ مَوْلَاهُ وَ لَا لِلْمَرْأَةِ مَعَ زَوْجِهَا وَ لَا نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِيَةٍ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Breastfeeding after weaning is not effective, continuous fasting is not valid, one is not an orphan after experiencing wet-dream, vowing to remain silen

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ لَا تُنْكَحُ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى عَمَّتِهَا وَ لَا عَلَى خَالَتِهَا وَ لَا عَلَى أُخْتِهَا مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع ذَكَرَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ابْنَةَ حَمْزَةَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهَا ابْنَةُ أَخِي مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَمُّهُ حَمْزَةُ ع قَدْ رَضَعَا مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ.

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘You must not marry a woman as a second wife, the first being her paternal aunt, maternal aunt of breastfeeding or her sister of breastfeeding. He (the Imam) said that Ali ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that daughter of Hamzah was mentioned before the Messenger of Allah, O Allah

سُئِلَ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ- عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ أَرْضَعَتْ غُلَاماً مَمْلُوكاً لَهَا مِنْ لَبَنِهَا حَتَّى فَطَمَتْهُ هَلْ لَهَا أَنْ تَبِيعَهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا هُوَ ابْنُهَا مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهَا بَيْعُهُ وَ أَكْلُ ثَمَنِهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَ لَيْسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الرَّضَاعِ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ النَّسَبِ.

“This is concerning a question before abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, when I was present, about the case of a woman who has breastfed her own slave boy from her milk until weaning; if she can sell him. He (the narrator) has said, that he (the Imam) said, ‘No, because he is her son of breastfeeding. Selling him and con

جَاءَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ اللَّيْثِيُّ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي مُتْعَةِ النِّسَاءِ فَقَالَ أَحَلَّهَا اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ عَلَى لِسَانِ نَبِيِّهِ ص فَهِيَ حَلَالٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ مِثْلُكَ يَقُولُ هَذَا وَ قَدْ حَرَّمَهَا عُمَرُ وَ نَهَى عَنْهَا فَقَالَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فَعَلَ قَالَ إِنِّي أُعِيذُكَ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنْ تُحِلَّ شَيْئاً ح

“Once ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umayr al-Laythiy came to abu Ja‘far (a.s.), and asked, ‘What do you say about al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) of women?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah has made it lawful in His book by the tongue of His Holy prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to

الْمُتْعَةُ نَزَلَ بِهَا الْقُرْآنُ وَ جَرَتْ بِهَا السُّنَّةُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.

‘Al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) is mentioned in al- Quran and the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has followed it.’”