Usul16

The Ritual Bath of jumu’ah, Entering the Bathhouse, Its Etiquette, and Teachings on Cleanliness and Beautification

faqih-225Vol. 1, p. 110-111

مَنْ كانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلَا يَدْخُلِ الْحَمَّامَ إِلَّا بِمِئْزَرٍ وَ نَهَى ص عَنِ الْغُسْلِ تَحْتَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَّا بِمِئْزَرٍ وَ نَهَى عَنْ دُخُولِ الْأَنْهَارِ إِلَّا بِمِئْزَرٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ لِلْمَاءِ أَهْلًا وَ سُكَّاناً. وَ غُسْلُ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ فِي السَّفَرِ وَ الْحَضَرِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ رُخِّصَ لِلنِّسَاءِ فِي السَّفَرِ لِقِلَّةِ الْمَاءِ[

faqih-226Vol. 1, p. 111-112

فِي اَلْبَادِيَةِ وَ نَحْنُ نُرِيدُ بَغْدَادَ فَقَالَ لَنَا يَوْمَ اَلْخَمِيسِ «اِغْتَسِلاَ اَلْيَوْمَ لِغَدٍ يَوْمِ اَلْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنَّ اَلْمَاءَ غَداً بِهَا قَلِيلٌ» قَالَتَا فَاغْتَسَلْنَا يَوْمَ اَلْخَمِيسِ لِلْجُمُعَةِ.

"We were both with Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) in the desert while we were heading to Baghdad, and on Thursday He (as) said to us, 'Perform ghusl today for tomorrow, Jumu’ah, because water will be scarce tomorrow.' They said: So we performed ghusl on Thursday for Jumu’ah.

faqih-227Vol. 1, p. 112

مَنِ اغْتَسَلَ لِلْجُمُعَةِ فَقَالَ- أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ- وَ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ التَّوَّابِينَ وَ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ كَانَ طُهْراً مِنَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ

faqih-229Vol. 1, p. 112

فِي عِلَّةِ غُسْلِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ إِنَّ الْأَنْصَارَ كَانَتْ تَعْمَلُ فِي نَوَاضِحِهَا وَ أَمْوَالِهَا[3] فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ حَضَرُوا الْمَسْجِدَ فَتَأَذَّى النَّاسُ بِأَرْوَاحِ آبَاطِهِمْ وَ أَجْسَادِهِمْ فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالْغُسْلِ فَجَرَتْ بِذَلِكَ السُّنَّةُ

faqih-230Vol. 1, p. 112

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَتَمَّ صَلَاةَ الْفَرِيضَةِ بِصَلَاةِ النَّافِلَةِ وَ أَتَمَّ صِيَامَ الْفَرِيضَةِ بِصِيَامِ النَّافِلَةِ وَ أَتَمَّ الْوُضُوءَ بِغُسْلِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ[4].

Hadith.231 – (Al-Hussain ibn Khalid asked Abu Al-Hasan Al-Awwal (as)) narrates that: ‘It is narrated that 'Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, completes the obligatory prayer with the supererogatory prayer, completes the obligatory fasting with the supererogatory fasting, and completes the wudu (ablution) with the gh

faqih-231Vol. 1, p. 112-114

اَلصَّادِقُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْحَمَّامَ فَقُلْ فِي اَلْوَقْتِ اَلَّذِي تَنْزِعُ فِيهِ ثِيَابَكَ: اَللَّهُمَّ اِنْزِعْ عَنِّي رِبْقَةَ اَلنِّفَاقِ وَ ثَبِّتْنِي عَلَى اَلْإِيمَانِ وَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْبَيْتَ اَلْأَوَّلَ فَقُلْ: اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ نَفْسِي وَ أَسْتَعِيذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَذَاهُ وَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْبَيْتَ اَلثَّانِيَ فَقُلِ: اَللَّهُمَّ

Hadith.232 - Yahya ibn Sa'id Al-Ahwazi narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, and him from Muhammad ibn Hamran who reported that Imam Ja'far Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "When you enter the bathhouse (hammam), at the time you remove your clothes, say: Allāhumma inzi‘ ‘annī ribqata al-nifāq wa tha

faqih-232Vol. 1, p. 114

أَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع- يَنْهَى عَنْ قِرَاءَةِ الْقُرْآنِ فِي الْحَمَّامِ فَقَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا نَهَى أَنْ يَقْرَأَ الرَّجُلُ وَ هُوَ عُرْيَانٌ فَإِذَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ إِزَارٌ فَلَا بَأْسَ.

Hadith.233 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) saying: 'Did The Commander of the Faithful (as) prohibit the recitation of the Qur'an in the bathhouse?' Imam (as) said: 'No, he only prohibited a man from reciting while being naked. If he is wearing a waistcloth (covering), then there is no ha

faqih-233Vol. 1, p. 114

وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ يَقْطِينٍ لِمُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَقْرَأُ فِي اَلْحَمَّامِ وَ أَنْكِحُ فِيهِ قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ.

Hadith.234 - Ali ibn Yaqtin said to Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as): 'May I recite (in the bathhouse) and marry (perform a marriage contract) there?' Imam (as) said: 'There is no harm.'

faqih-234Vol. 1, p. 114

كُلُّ مَا كَانَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ ذِكْرِ حِفْظِ الْفَرْجِ فَهُوَ مِنَ الزِّنَا إِلَّا فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ فَإِنَّهُ لِلْحِفْظِ مِنْ أَنْ يُنْظَرَ إِلَيْهِ.

Hadith.235 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "Tell the believing men to lower their gaze and guard their private parts; that is purer for them." (Surah An-Nur, 24:30). Imam (as) said: 'Every mention of guarding the private parts in the Book of Allah (swt), t

faqih-235Vol. 1, p. 114

وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ- إِنَّمَا أَكْرَهُ النَّظَرَ إِلَى عَوْرَةِ الْمُسْلِمِ فَأَمَّا النَّظَرُ إِلَى عَوْرَةِ مَنْ لَيْسَ بِمُسْلِمٍ مِثْلُ النَّظَرِ إِلَى عَوْرَةِ الْحِمَارِ[3].

Hadith.236 - On the authority of Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "Indeed, looking at the private parts of a Muslim is disliked, and looking at the private parts of a non-Muslim is like looking at the private parts of a donkey."

faqih-238Vol. 1, p. 115

بِئْسَ الْبَيْتُ الْحَمَّامُ يَهْتِكُ السِّتْرَ وَ يُبْدِي الْعَوْرَةَ وَ نِعْمَ الْبَيْتُ الْحَمَّامُ يُذَكِّرُ حَرَّ النَّارِ[1]. وَ مِنَ الْآدَابِ أَنْ لَا يُدْخِلَ الرَّجُلُ وَلَدَهُ مَعَهُ الْحَمَّامَ فَيَنْظُرَ إِلَى عَوْرَتِهِ[2]

faqih-240Vol. 1, p. 115

وَ قَالَ ع- مَنْ أَطَاعَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَكَبَّهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى مَنْخِرَيْهِ فِي النَّارِ فَقِيلَ وَ مَا تِلْكَ الطَّاعَةُ قَالَ تَدْعُوهُ إِلَى النِّيَاحَاتِ وَ الْعُرُسَاتِ وَ الْحَمَّامَاتِ وَ لُبْسِ الثِّيَابِ الرِّقَاقِ فَيُجِيبُهَا[4].

Hadith.241 - Imam (as) said: 'Whoever obeys his wife (in matters of disobedience) will be thrown by Allah (swt), the Exalted, on his face in the Fire.' It was said: 'What kind of obedience is that?' Imam (as) said: "When She invites him to go to congregation of lamentations to extravagant festivities (weddings), or goi

faqih-241Vol. 1, p. 115-116

إِذَا كَانَ نَاسِياً فَقَدْ تَمَّتْ صَلَاتُهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُتَعَمِّداً فَلْيَسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ وَ لَا يَعُدْ.

Hadith.242 - Abu Basir asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a man who neglects the Jumu’ah ritual bath (ghusl) either forgetfully or intentionally. Imam (as) said: 'If he was forgetful, his prayer is valid. But if he did so intentionally, then he should seek forgiveness from Allah (swt) and not repeat it.’

faqih-242Vol. 1, p. 116

لَا تَتَّكِ فِي الْحَمَّامِ فَإِنَّهُ يُذِيبُ شَحْمَ الْكُلْيَتَيْنِ وَ لَا تُسَرِّحْ فِي الْحَمَّامِ فَإِنَّهُ يُرَقِّقُ الشَّعْرَ وَ لَا تَغْسِلْ رَأْسَكَ بِالطِّينِ فَإِنَّهُ يُسَمِّجُ الْوَجْهَ وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ يَذْهَبُ بِالْغَيْرَةِ وَ لَا تَدَلَّكْ بِالْخَزَفِ فَإِنَّهُ يُورِثُ الْبَرَصَ وَ لَا تَمْسَحْ وَجْهَكَ بِالْإِزَارِ فَإِنَّهُ يَذْهَبُ بِمَاءِ الْوَجْهِ[1]. وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ طِينُ مِصْرَ وَ خَز

faqih-243Vol. 1, p. 116

لِيَتَزَيَّنَنَ[5] أَحَدُكُمْ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَ يَغْتَسِلُ وَ يَتَطَيَّبُ وَ يَتَسَرَّحُ وَ يَلْبَسُ أَنْظَفَ ثِيَابِهِ وَ لْيَتَهَيَّأْ لِلْجُمُعَةِ وَ لْيَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ السَّكِينَةُ وَ الْوَقَارُ[6] وَ لْيُحْسِنْ عِبَادَةَ رَبِّهِ وَ لْيَفْعَلِ الْخَيْرَ مَا اسْتَطَاعَ[7] فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ يَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ[8] لِيُضَاعِفَ الْحَسَنَاتِ

faqih-246Vol. 1, p. 117

وَ قَالَ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ الْحَمَّامُ يَوْمٌ وَ يَوْمٌ لَا[1] يُكْثِرُ اللَّحْمَ وَ إِدْمَانُهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ يُذْهِبُ شَحْمَ الْكُلْيَتَيْنِ.

Hadith.247 - Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) said: 'Bathing in the bathhouse every other day does not increase fat. However, using it daily will deplete the fat of the kidneys.'

faqih-247Vol. 1, p. 117

وَ كَانَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَطَّلِي فِي اَلْحَمَّامِ فَإِذَا بَلَغَ مَوْضِعَ اَلْعَوْرَةِ قَالَ لِلَّذِي يَطْلِي تَنَحَّ ثُمَّ يَطْلِي هُوَ ذَلِكَ اَلْمَوْضِعَ.

Hadith.248 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) would apply Nuura (depilatory paste) in the bathhouse, and when he reached the area of the private parts, he would instruct the one applying it to move away, and then he would apply it himself to that area.

faqih-248Vol. 1, p. 117

وَ دَخَلَ الصَّادِقُ ع الْحَمَّامَ فَقَالَ لَهُ صَاحِبُ الْحَمَّامِ نُخْلِيهِ لَكَ فَقَالَ لَا إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ خَفِيفُ الْمَئُونَةِ.

Hadith.249 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) entered the bathhouse, the bathhouse attendant offered to clear it for him. Imam (as) said: 'No, a believer is light in their burdens.’

faqih-249Vol. 1, p. 117

دَخَلْتُ حَمَّاماً بِالْمَدِينَةِ- فَإِذَا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ وَ هُوَ قَيِّمُ الْحَمَّامِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا شَيْخُ لِمَنْ هَذَا- الْحَمَّامُ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع- فَقُلْتُ أَ كَانَ يَدْخُلُهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقُلْتُ كَيْفَ كَانَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ كَانَ يَدْخُلُ فَيَبْدَأُ فَيَطْلِي عَانَتَهُ وَ مَا يَلِيهَا ثُمَّ يَلُفُّ إِزَارَهُ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ إِحْلِيلِهِ وَ يَدْعُونِي فَأَطْلِي سَائِرَ جَسَدِه

Hadith.250 - It was narrated by Ubaidullah Al-Marafiqi that he entered a bathhouse in Medina and saw an elderly man who was the caretaker of the bathhouse. (Al-Marafiqi) said to him: ‘O’ Shaykh, 'To whom does this bathhouse belong?' (Old man) said: ‘It belongs to Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as)’ (Al-Marafiqi) asked

faqih-250Vol. 1, p. 118

وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ اَلْمَعْرُوفُ بِسَعْدَانَ: كُنْتُ فِي اَلْحَمَّامِ فِي اَلْبَيْتِ اَلْأَوْسَطِ فَدَخَلَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ عَلَيْهِ إِزَارٌ فَوْقَ اَلنُّورَةِ فَقَالَ «اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ» فَرَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمَ وَ دَخَلْتُ اَلْبَيْتَ اَلَّذِي فِيهِ اَلْحَوْضُ فَاغْتَسَلْتُ وَ خَرَجْتُ.

Hadith.251 - Abdur Rahman ibn Muslim, known as Sa'dan, said: "I was in the middle room of the bathhouse when Abu Al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) entered, wearing a cloth over the Nuura (depilatory paste)." Imam (as) said: 'Peace be upon you,' I returned the greeting also. Then I entered the room with the ba

faqih-251Vol. 1, p. 118

قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَ أَبِي وَ جَدِّي وَ عَمِّي حَمَّاماً فِي الْمَدِينَةِ- فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَسْلَخِ فَقَالَ لَنَا مِمَّنِ الْقَوْمُ فَقُلْنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ- فَقَالَ وَ أَيُّ الْعِرَاقِ فَقُلْنَا الْكُوفِيُّونَ فَقَالَ مَرْحَباً بِكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكُوفَةِ وَ أَهْلًا أَنْتُمُ الشِّعَارُ دُونَ الدِّثَارِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ مَا يَمْنَعُكُمْ مِنَ الْإِزَارِ[1] فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ عَوْرَ

Hadith.252 - Hanan ibn Sudayr narrated from his father: He said: 'I entered a bathhouse in Medina with my father, grandfather, and uncle. There was a man in the changing room.’ Imam (as) said: ”Where are you people from?" We replied: ”From the people of Al-Iraq” . Imam (as) said: ”Which part of Al-Iraq?” We replied: ”F

faqih-255Vol. 1, p. 119

مَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَنَوَّرَ فَلْيَأْخُذْ مِنَ النُّورَةِ وَ يَجْعَلُهُ عَلَى طَرَفِ أَنْفِهِ وَ يَقُولُ- اللَّهُمَّ ارْحَمْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ ع- كَمَا أَمَرَنَا بِالنُّورَةِ- فَإِنَّهُ لَا تُحْرِقُهُ النُّورَةُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ

faqih-259Vol. 1, p. 119

مَنْ كانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلَا يَتْرُكْ عَانَتَهُ فَوْقَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً وَ لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تَدَعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهَا فَوْقَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْماً

faqih-261Vol. 1, p. 120

وَ كَانَ الصَّادِقُ ع يَطْلِي إِبْطَيْهِ فِي الْحَمَّامِ وَ يَقُولُ نَتْفُ الْإِبْطِ يُضْعِفُ الْمَنْكِبَيْنِ وَ يُوهِي وَ يُضْعِفُ الْبَصَرَ.

Hadith.262 - And Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) would rub Nuura (depilatory paste) to his armpits in the bathhouse and say: 'Plucking the armpit hair weakens the shoulders and diminishes (weakens) the eyesight.'"

faqih-263Vol. 1, p. 120

وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌ نَتْفُ الْإِبْطِ يَنْفِي الرَّائِحَةَ الْمَكْرُوهَةَ وَ هُوَ طَهُورٌ وَ سُنَّةٌ مِمَّا أَمَرَ بِهِ الطَّيِّبُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلَامُ‌[2].

Hadith.264 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Removing armpit hair eliminates unpleasant odors and is a means of purification and a practice (Sunnah) that was commanded by the Good and Pure Prophet (sw)."

faqih-267Vol. 1, p. 120-121

- «مَنْ تَنَوَّرَ يَوْمَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ فَأَصَابَهُ اَلْبَرَصُ فَلاَ يَلُومَنَّ إِلاَّ نَفْسَهُ.

Hadith.268 - Al-Rayyan ibn Al-Salt narrated from someone, who narrated from Abu Al-Hasan, Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as), said: "Whoever puts on Nuura (depilatory paste) on Jumu’ah and is afflicted with leprosy, let him blame no one but himself."

faqih-270Vol. 1, p. 121

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ مَنِ اطَّلَى وَ تَدَلَّكَ بِالْحِنَّاءِ مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ نَفَى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ الْفَقْرَ.

Hadith.271 - It is narrated (from Ahmad ibn Abi Abdullah) that he narrates: "Whoever applies a depilatory substance and massages himself with henna from head to toe, Allah (swt) removes poverty from him."

faqih-272Vol. 1, p. 121

الْحِنَّاءُ يَذْهَبُ بِالسَّهَكِ[4] وَ يَزِيدُ فِي مَاءِ الْوَجْهِ وَ يُطَيِّبُ النَّكْهَةَ[5] وَ يُحَسِّنُ الْوَلَدَ. وَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَمَسَّ الرَّجُلُ الْخَلُوقَ[6] فِي الْحَمَّامِ وَ يَمْسَحَ بِهِ يَدَهُ مِنْ شُقَاقٍ يُدَاوِيهِ[7] وَ لَا يُسْتَحَبُّ إِدْمَانُهُ وَ لَا أَنْ يُرَى أَثَرُهُ عَلَيْهِ