Chapter on the Inheritance of Grandfathers and Grandmothers

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ فَرِيضَةِ الْجَدِّ فَقَالَ مَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَداً مِنَ النَّاسِ‌[1] قَالَ فِيهَا إِلَّا بِالرَّأْيِ إِلَّا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع‌[2] فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ فِيهَا بِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص‌[3].

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about the inheritance share (fariḍah) of the grandfather. Imam (as) replied: "I do not know anyone among the people who has spoken about it except based on personal opinion, except for Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), for He (as) spoke about it according to the saying o

الْجَدُّ وَ الْجَدَّةُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأَبِ وَ الْجَدُّ وَ الْجَدَّةُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأُمِّ كُلُّهُمْ يَرِثُونَ.

وَ رَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ أُمَّ الْأَبِ السُّدُسَ وَ ابْنُهَا حَيٌّ- وَ أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ أُمَّ الْأُمِّ السُّدُسَ وَ ابْنَتُهَا حَيَّةٌ[1].

"The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) granted the paternal grandmother (the father's mother) one-sixth of the inheritance while her son was alive, and he granted the maternal grandmother (the mother's mother) one-sixth while her daughter was alive."

حَدَّثَنِي حَمَّادُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ ابْنَتِي مَاتَتْ وَ أُمِّي حَيَّةٌ فَقَالَ أَبَانُ بْنُ تَغْلِبَ لَيْسَ لَهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ أَعْطِهَا سَهْماً يَعْنِي السُّدُسَ‌[2].

Hadith.5627 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr Al-Bazanti narrated, saying: Hammad ibn Uthman narrated from Abdur Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah Al-Basri from Abu Abdullah (as). He said: I said to him, "My daughter has passed away while my mother is still alive." Aban ibn Taghlib said: "She (the grandmother) has no share." Ima

لِلْجَدِّ السُّدُسُ وَ الْبَاقِي لِبَنَاتِ الِابْنَةِ[3].

I asked Imam (as) about the inheritance share of the daughters of a daughter and a grandfather. Imam (as) replied: "The grandfather receives one-sixth, and the remainder goes to the daughters of the daughter."

وَ رَوَى الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ‌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ السُّدُسَ وَ لَمْ يَفْرِضِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهَا شَيْئاً[1].

Hadith.5629 - Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Faddal narrated from Abdullah ibn Bukayr from Zurarah, who narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that he said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) granted the grandmother one-sixth, while Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, did no

لِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسُ‌[2] وَ لِلْجَدَّةِ السُّدُسُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ وَ هُوَ الثُّلُثَانِ لِلْأَبِ.

Hadith.5630 - Yaqub ibn Yazid narrated from Yahya ibn Al-Mubarak from Abdullah ibn Jabalah from Abu Jamilah from Ishaq ibn Ammar from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the case of a deceased person who left behind both parents and a maternal grandmother. Imam (as) said: "The mother receives one-sixth, the grandmother receive

وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ حُكَيْمٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ الْجَدَّةُ لَهَا السُّدُسُ مَعَ ابْنِهَا وَ مَعَ ابْنَتِهَا[3].

Hadith.5631 - In the narration of Muawiyah ibn Hakim from Ali ibn Al-Hasan ibn Ribaṭ, who reported it from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "The grandmother is entitled to one-sixth of the inheritance, whether along with her son or her daughter."

هَذِهِ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ أَسْهُمٍ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ وَ لِلْأُخْتِ سَهْمٌ وَ لِلْجَدِّ سَهْمَانِ.

Hadith.5632 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Riʾab from Abu Ubaydah from Abu Jafar (as) regarding a man who passed away and left behind his wife, his sister, and his grandfather. Imam (as) said: "This inheritance is divided into four shares: the wife receives one-fourth, the sister receives one share, and th

وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ بُكَيْرٍ وَ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع‌[4] قَالَ‌ لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ مَعَ الْجَدِّ وَ هُوَ شَرِيكُ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ‌[1].

"The maternal siblings are entitled to one-third of the inheritance along with the grandfather, and the grandfather shares the inheritance with the paternal siblings."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ أَخَاهُ لِأُمِّهِ وَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَارِثاً غَيْرَهُ فَقَالَ الْمَالُ لَهُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَعَ الْأَخِ لِلْأُمِّ جَدٌّ فَقَالَ يُعْطَى الْأَخُ لِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسَ وَ يُعْطَى الْجَدُّ الْبَاقِيَ‌[2].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who passed away leaving only his maternal brother as an heir and no other inheritor. Imam (as) said: "The entire estate belongs to him." I then asked: "What if there is also a grandfather along with the maternal brother?" Imam (as) replied: "The maternal brother is given one-sixth,

لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فَرِيضَتُهُمُ الثُّلُثُ مَعَ الْجَدِّ[3].

I asked Imam (as) about the maternal siblings inheriting alongside the grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The prescribed share for the maternal siblings is one-third, even when the grandfather is present."

إِنَّ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ الْإِخْوَةَ مِنَ الْأُمِّ يَرِثُونَ مَعَ الْجَدِّ الثُّلُثَ.

Hadith.5636 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Khalid ibn Jarir from Abu Al-Rabi from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the grandfather inheriting alongside maternal siblings. Imam (as) said: "Indeed, in the Book of Ali (as), it is written that 'the maternal siblings inherit one-third along with the grandfather.'"

الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا سَوَاءٌ[4].

I asked Imam (as) about a paternal brother and a grandfather (in matters of inheritance). Imam (as) replied: "The inheritance is divided equally between them."

وَ رَوَى ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يُوَرِّثُ الْأَخَ مِنَ الْأَبِ مَعَ الْجَدِّ يُنَزِّلُهُ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ‌[1].

"Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to make the paternal brother inherit alongside the grandfather, placing him in the same position as the grandfather."

وَ رَوَى ابْنُ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ بُكَيْرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ الْفُضَيْلِ وَ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع‌ أَنَّ الْجَدَّ مَعَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ مِثْلُ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْإِخْوَةِ[2].

"The grandfather, when inheriting alongside the paternal siblings, is considered as one of the brothers."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ أَخَاهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ وَ جَدَّهُ قَالَ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمْ أَخَوَيْنِ كَانَا أَوْ مِائَةً فَالْجَدُّ مَعَهُمْ كَوَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ لِلْجَدِّ مِثْلُ نَصِيبِ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْإِخْوَةِ[3].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who died and left behind his full brother (from the same father and mother) and his grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The inheritance is divided among them as if they were two brothers or even a hundred. The grandfather is considered as one of them; he receives a share equal to that of

وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ إِنَّ الْجَدَّ شَرِيكُ الْإِخْوَةِ وَ حَظُّهُ مِثْلُ حَظِّ أَحَدِهِمْ مَا بَلَغُوا كَثُرُوا أَوْ قَلُّوا.

"The grandfather shares the inheritance with the siblings, and his share is equal to the share of one of them, regardless of whether they are many or few."

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع‌[4] يَقُولُ‌ الْجَدُّ يُقَاسِمُ الْإِخْوَةَ وَ لَوْ كَانُوا مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ‌[5].

I heard Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "The grandfather shares the inheritance with the siblings, even if they were one hundred thousand."

هُوَ كَأَحَدِهِمْ‌[1].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who died and left behind six brothers and a grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The grandfather is considered as one of them."

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ فِي سِتَّةِ إِخْوَةٍ وَ جَدٍّ قَالَ لِلْجَدِّ السُّبُعُ.

Hadith.5644 - In the narration of Yunus from Sayf ibn Umayrah from Ishaq ibn Ammar from Abu Baṣir, he said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say regarding six brothers and a grandfather: "The grandfather receives one-seventh of the inheritance."

الْجَدُّ كَوَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْإِخْوَةِ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمْ‌ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ‌.

I asked Imam (as) about a man who passed away and left behind brothers and sisters from both his father and mother, along with a grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The grandfather is considered as one of the brothers, and the inheritance is divided among them with the male receiving the share equal to that of two females."

الْمَالُ لِلْجَدِّ[2].

Hadith.5646 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Riʾab from Abu Ubaydah from Abu Jafar (as) who was asked about a paternal cousin and a grandfather (regarding inheritance). Imam (as) said: "The entire inheritance belongs to the grandfather."

لَهُ ابْنُ أَخٍ وَ جَدٌّ قَالَ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَانِ‌[3].

I asked Imam (as) about a paternal nephew and a grandfather (regarding inheritance). Imam (as) said: "The inheritance is divided equally between them, half and half."

لِبَنَاتِ الْأُخْتِ الثُّلُثُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْجَدِّ[4].

Hadith.5648 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Sa'd ibn Abi Khalaf from one of the companions of Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the case of daughters of a sister and a grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The daughters of the sister receive one-third of the inheritance, and the remainder goes to the grandfather."

وَ رَوَى الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ‌ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع أَعْطَى الْجَدَّةَ الْمَالَ كُلَّهُ‌[1].

Hadith.5649 - Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Al-Nuʿman narrated from Abdullah ibn Numayr from Al-Aʿmash from Salim ibn Abi Al-Jaʿd that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) granted the entire inheritance to the grandmother.

"مَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَقَحَّمَ جَرَاثِيمَ جَهَنَّمَ فَلْيَقُلْ فِي اَلْجَدِّ".

Hadith.5650 - It is narrated from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) that he said: "Whoever wishes to plunge into the depths of Hell should speak about (the inheritance of) the grandfather."

كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي سِتَّةِ إِخْوَةٍ وَ جَدٍّ "أَنِ اِجْعَلْهُ كَأَحَدِهِمْ وَ اُمْحُ كِتَابِي".

Hadith.5651 - What Firas narrated from Al-Shabi, from Ibn Abbas, that he said: Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), peace be upon him, wrote to me regarding six brothers and a grandfather, saying: "Consider him as one of them (brothers) and erase my letter."