Death & Bereavement

وَ قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الصَّيْقَلُ- سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَيْفَ تُصَلِّي النِّسَاءُ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُنَّ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَقُمْنَ جَمِيعاً فِي صَفٍّ وَاحِدٍ وَ لَا تَتَقَدَّمُهُنَّ امْرَأَةٌ قِيلَ فَفِي صَلَاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ أَ يَؤُمُّ بَعْضُهُنَّ بَعْضاً قَالَ نَعَمْ.

Hadith.479 - Al-Hasan ibn Ziyad al-Sayqal reported that Imam Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about how women should perform the funeral prayer if no men are present. Imam (as) replied: "They should all stand together in a single row, and no woman should step forward as a leader." He was then asked if, during the obligatory

صَلُّوا عَلَى الْمَرْجُومِ مِنْ أُمَّتِي وَ عَلَى الْقَاتِلِ نَفْسَهُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي وَ لَا تَدَعُوا أَحَداً مِنْ أُمَّتِي بِلَا صَلَاةٍ

نَعَمْ.

Hadith.481 - Hisham ibn Salim asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about whether the funeral prayer should be offered for one who drinks alcohol, commits adultery (zina), or steals if they pass away. Imam (as) replied: "Yes."

وَ قَالَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ مُوسَى السَّابَاطِيُ‌ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- مَا تَقُولُ فِي قَوْمٍ كَانُوا فِي سَفَرٍ لَهُمْ يَمْشُونَ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ فَإِذَا هُمْ بِرَجُلٍ مَيِّتٍ عُرْيَانٍ قَدْ لَفَظَهُ الْبَحْرُ وَ هُمْ عُرَاةٌ لَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ إِلَّا إِزَارٌ فَكَيْفَ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ فَضْلُ ثَوْبٍ يُكَفِّنُونَهُ بِهِ قَالَ يُحْفَرُ لَهُ وَ يُوضَعُ فِي لَحْدِهِ وَ ي

Hadith.482 - Ammar ibn Musa al-Sabati said: "I asked Imam Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who were traveling along the seashore and came across a dead man who was naked and had been cast ashore by the sea. They themselves were also without sufficient clothing, having only a single garment. How should they per

وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع‌ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَجَدَ قِطَعاً مِنْ مَيِّتٍ‌[1] فَجُمِعَتْ ثُمَّ صَلَّى عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ دُفِنَتْ.

Hadith.483 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), and him from his father, Imam al-Baqir: that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), once found scattered parts of a deceased person. He gathered them together, performed the funeral prayer over them, and then they were buried.

دِيَتُهُ عَلَى مَنْ وُجِدَ فِي قَبِيلَتِهِ صَدْرُهُ وَ يَدَاهُ وَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهِ‌[2].

Hadith.484 - Al-Fadl ibn 'Uthman al-A'war narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) and him from his father, Imam al-Baqir, regarding a man who is killed and his head is found in one tribe, his torso and hands in another tribe, and the rest of his body in a different tribe. The Imam said: "The responsibility

إِذَا وُجِدَ الرَّجُلُ قَتِيلًا فَإِنْ وُجِدَ لَهُ عُضْوٌ مِنْ أَعْضَائِهِ تَامّاً صُلِّيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ دُفِنَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ عُضْوٌ تَامٌّ لَمْ يُصَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَ دُفِنَ[3]. وَ إِذَا وُسِّطَ الرَّجُلُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ صُلِّيَ عَلَى النِّصْفِ الَّذِي فِيهِ الْقَلْبُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدْ مِنْهُ إِلَّا الرَّأْسُ لَمْ يُصَلَّ عَلَيْهِ[4]

«إِذَا عَقَلَ اَلصَّلاَةَ» فَقُلْتُ مَتَى تَجِبُ اَلصَّلاَةُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ «إِذَا كَانَ اِبْنَ سِتِّ سِنِينَ وَ اَلصِّيَامُ إِذَا أَطَاقَهُ.

Hadith.486 – Zurarah and Ubaidullah ibn Ali Al-Halabi narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He was asked about when the funeral prayer should be offered for a child. Imam (as) replied: "When the child understands the concept of prayer." I asked: "At what age does prayer become obligatory for the chil

وَ صَلَّى أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع عَلَى ابْنٍ لَهُ صَبِيٍّ صَغِيرٍ لَهُ ثَلَاثُ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ قَالَ- لَوْ لَا أَنَّ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ لَا يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى الصِّغَارِ مِنْ أَوْلَادِهِمْ مَا صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ‌[1].

Hadith.487 - Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) offered the funeral prayer for a young son of his who was three years old. He then said: "If it were not for the fact that people might say that the Banu Hashim do not offer funeral prayers for their young children, I would not have prayed over him”.

وَ سُئِلَ‌[2] مَتَى تَجِبُ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ إِذَا عَقَلَ الصَّلَاةَ وَ كَانَ ابْنَ سِتِّ سِنِينَ.

Hadith.488 - He was asked : "When does the funeral prayer become obligatory for a child?" Imam (as) replied: "When the child understands the concept of prayer and is six years old."

«اَلصَّلاَةُ عَلَى اَلْمُسْتَضْعَفِ وَ اَلَّذِي لاَ يُعْرَفُ مَذْهَبُهُ يُصَلِّي عَلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ يَدْعُو لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ اَلْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَ يُقَالُ: «اَللَّهُمَّ اِغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تٰابُوا وَ اِتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذٰابَ اَلْجَحِيمِ».

Hadith.489 – Zurarah and Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that He said: "Prayers over the oppressed (Al-Mustadh'afin) and those who are unversed of their beliefs will be: first send salawat for the Prophet his family, and then make supplications for the believing men and women, and

مَاتَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَخَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع يَمْشِي فَلَقِيَ مَوْلًى لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِلَى أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ فَقَالَ أَفِرُّ مِنْ جِنَازَةِ هَذَا الْمُنَافِقِ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُ ع قُمْ إِلَى جَنْبِي فَمَا سَمِعْتَنِي أَقُولُ فَقُلْ مِثْلَهُ قَالَ فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ أَخْزِ عَبْدَكَ فِي عِبَادِكَ وَ بِلَادِكَ اللَّهُمَّ أَصْلِهِ أَشَدَّ نَارِكَ ا

Hadith.490 - it was narrated by Safwan ibn Mehran al-Jammal from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "A man from the hypocrites passed away, and Imam al-Hussain ibn Ali (as) went out walking. He encountered a servant of his, and asked: 'Where are you going?' The servant said: 'I am avoiding the funeral

إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى عَدُوِّ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ لَكَ وَ لِرَسُولِكَ اللَّهُمَّ فَاحْشُ قَبْرَهُ نَاراً وَ احْشُ جَوْفَهُ نَاراً وَ عَجِّلْهُ إِلَى النَّارِ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يُوَالِي أَعْدَاءَكَ وَ يُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ وَ يُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَ اللَّهُمَّ ضَيِّقْ عَلَيْهِ قَبْرَهُ فَإِذَا رُفِعَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَرْفَعْهُ وَ لَا

Hadith.491 - It was narrated by Ubaidullah ibn Ali Al-Halabi from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "If you perform the funeral prayer for an enemy of Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious, say: Allāhumma innā lā na‘lam minhu illā annahu ‘aduwwun laka wa lirasūlika. Allāhumma faḥsh qubrahu nāran wa uḥ

وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى الرَّجُلِ وَ الْمَرْأَةِ قَدَّمَ الْمَرْأَةَ وَ أَخَّرَ الرَّجُلَ وَ إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى الْعَبْدِ وَ الْحُرِّ قَدَّمَ الْعَبْدَ وَ أَخَّرَ الْحُرَّ وَ إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى الْكَبِيرِ وَ الصَّغِيرِ قَدَّمَ الصَّغِيرَ وَ أَخَّرَ الْكَبِيرَ.

Hadith.492 - When Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) performed the funeral prayer for a man and a woman together, he would place the woman in front and the man behind. When praying for a slave and a free person, he would place the slave in front and the free person behind. When praying for an elder and a child, he would place

وَ رَوَى هِشَامُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ- لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُقَدَّمَ الرَّجُلُ وَ تُؤَخَّرَ الْمَرْأَةُ أَوْ تُقَدَّمَ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ يُؤَخَّرَ الرَّجُلُ‌[2]. يَعْنِي فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ وَ أَفْضَلُ الْمَوَاضِعِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ الصَّفُّ الْأَخِيرُ وَ الْعِلَّةُ فِي ذَلِكَ أَنَّ النِّسَاءَ كُنَّ يَخْتَلِطْنَ بِالرِّجَالِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ.

Hadith.493 - Hisham ibn Salim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "There is no harm in placing the man in front and the woman behind or in placing the woman in front and the man behind" [AL SADUQ] This is referring to the arrangement of the funeral prayer for the deceased. The preferred po

فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «أَفْضَلُ اَلْمَوَاضِعِ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ عَلَى اَلْمَيِّتِ اَلصَّفُّ اَلْأَخِيرُ.

Hadith.494 - The Prophet, said: "The best place in the funeral prayer is the last row." COMPEV فتأخرن إلى الصف الأخير فبقي فضله على ما ذكره عليه السلام. وإذا دعي الرجل إلى وليمة وإلى جنازة أجاب إلى الجنازة لأنها تذكر أمر الآخرة، ويدع الوليمة لأنها تذكر الدنيا. Therefore, people should move back to the last row, as its

وَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ إِلَى اَلْجَنَائِزِ فَأَسْرِعُوا وَ إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ إِلَى اَلْعَرَائِسِ فَأَبْطِئُوا.

Hadith.495 - The Prophet, said: "If you are invited to funerals, hasten to attend, but if you are invited to weddings, take your time."

«نَعَمْ إِنَّمَا هِيَ تَكْبِيرٌ وَ تَسْبِيحٌ وَ تَحْمِيدٌ وَ تَهْلِيلٌ كَمَا تُكَبِّرُ وَ تُسَبِّحُ فِي بَيْتِكَ.

Hadith.496 - Yunus ibn Ya'qub asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about performing the funeral prayer without being in a state of ritual ablution (wudu). Imam (as) replied: "Yes, it is permissible, for it is comprised of takbir (saying 'Allahu Akbar'), tasbih (glorification of Allah (swt)), tahmid (praise of Al

وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ أَنَّ الْحَائِضَ تُصَلِّي عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ وَ لَا تَصُفُّ مَعَهُمْ.

Hadith.497 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "A menstruating woman may participate in the funeral prayer but does not stand in the rows with the rest of the congregation."

«فِي اَلطَّامِثِ إِذَا حَضَرَتِ اَلْجِنَازَةَ تَتَيَمَّمُ وَ تُصَلِّي عَلَيْهَا وَ تَقُومُ وَحْدَهَا بَارِزَةً مِنَ اَلصَّفِّ.»

Hadith.498 - In a narration of Sama’a ibn Mehran from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "A menstruating woman who is present at a funeral should perform tayammum (dry ablution) and pray for the deceased, standing apart and separate from the row."

حَدُّ الْقَبْرِ إِلَى التَّرْقُوَةِ- وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى الثَّدْيَيْنِ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ قَامَةِ الرَّجُلِ حَتَّى يُمَدَّ الثَّوْبُ عَلَى رَأْسِ مَنْ فِي الْقَبْرِ وَ أَمَّا اللَّحْدُ فَإِنَّهُ يُوَسَّعُ بِقَدْرِ مَا يُمْكِنُ الْجُلُوسُ فِيهِ[3] وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الثَّالِثِ ع- إِطْلَاقٌ فِي أَنْ يُفْرَشَ الْقَبْرُ بِالسَّاجِ وَ يُطْبَقَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ السَّاجُ[4] وَ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ بَابٌ وَ

يُجْعَلُ لَهُ وِسَادَةٌ مِنْ تُرَابٍ وَ يُجْعَلُ خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهِ مَدَرَةٌ لِئَلَّا يَسْتَلْقِيَ وَ يُحَلُّ عُقَدُ كَفَنِهِ كُلُّهَا وَ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ يُدْعَى لَهُ وَ يُقَالُ اللَّهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ اللَّهُمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ لَقِّنْهُ حُجَّتَهُ وَ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ وَ قِهِ شَرَّ مُنْكَرٍ وَ نَكِيرٍ- ثُمَّ تُدْخ

Hadith.500 - Salim ibn Mukram narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "A pillow of earth should be placed for the deceased, and a clump of soil behind their back to prevent them from lying flat. The knots of their shroud should be untied, their face uncovered, and supplications should be made:

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَيِّتِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَدْرَءُوا عَنْ مَيِّتِهِمْ لِقَاءَ مُنْكَرٍ وَ نَكِيرٍ فَقُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ إِذَا أُفْرِدَ الْمَيِّتُ فَلْيَتَخَلَّفْ عِنْدَهُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ فَيَضَعَ فَاهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ يُنَادِيَ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ- يَا فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ أَوْ يَا فُلَانَةَ بِنْتَ فُلَانَةَ هَلْ أَنْتَ عَلَى الْعَهْدِ الَّذِي فَارَقْنَ

Hadith.501 - Yahya ibn Abdullah narrates from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "There is no harm for the family of the deceased among you to help the deceased prepare for the encounter with Munkar and Nakir (the questioning angels).” I asked: “How should we do that?” Imam (as) said: “When the deceased is placed i

رَأَيْتُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ يُعَزِّي قَبْلَ الدَّفْنِ وَ بَعْدَهُ.

Hadith.503 - It was narrated from Hisham ibn al-Hakam that He said: "I saw Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) offering condolences both before and after the burial."

التَّعْزِيَةُ الْوَاجِبَةُ بَعْدَ الدَّفْنِ

وَ أَتَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَوْماً قَدْ أُصِيبُوا بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَقَالَ جَبَرَ اللَّهُ وَهْنَكُمْ وَ أَحْسَنَ عَزَاكُمْ‌[1] وَ رَحِمَ مُتَوَفَّاكُمْ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ.

Hadith.506 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) visited a group of people who had experienced a loss and said: "May Allah (swt) strengthen you in your weakness, grant you beautiful patience, and have mercy on your deceased." Then he departed.

يَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ الْجِنَازَةِ أَنْ لَا يَلْبَسَ رِدَاءً وَ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي قَمِيصٍ حَتَّى يُعْرَفَ وَ يَنْبَغِي لِجِيرَانِهِ أَنْ يُطْعِمُوا عَنْهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ‌[3].

Hadith.509 - Abu Basir narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "It is proper for the person responsible for the funeral (i.e., the chief mourner) not to wear an outer cloak (ridā') and to remain in a shirt (Qamis) so that they are recognized (as grieving). It is also proper for the neighbors t

إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ قَدْ وَضَعَتْ أَرْدِيَتَهَا فَوَضَعْتُ رِدَائِي.

Hadith.512 - "The Messenger of Allah (sw) placed his cloak down during the funeral of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh (may Allah (swt) have mercy on him). When asked about this, He (sw) said: "I saw the angels had placed their cloaks down, so I placed mine as well."

إِنَّ مَلَكاً[4] مُوَكَّلًا بِالْمَقَابِرِ فَإِذَا انْصَرَفَ أَهْلُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنْ جَنَازَتِهِمْ عَنْ مَيِّتِهِمْ أَخَذَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ تُرَابٍ فَرَمَى‌

Hadith.516 - Abu Basir narrated from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that He said: "There is an angel assigned to the cemeteries. When the family of the deceased returns home after the funeral, this angel takes a handful of soil and throws it after them, saying, 'Forget what you have seen.' Were it not for this, no

لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ رَجُلٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ فَرَطٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يُولَدْ لَهُ وَ لَمْ يُقَدِّمْ وَلَداً يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ وَ لِكُلِّنَا فَرَطٌ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ مِنْ فَرَطِ الرَّجُلِ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَخَاهُ فِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ

إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ إِذَا مَاتَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَلَكاً إِلَى أَوْجَعِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ فَمَسَحَ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ فَأَنْسَاهُ لَوْعَةَ الْحُزْنِ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمْ تُعْمَرِ الدُّنْيَا[4].

Hadith.522 - it was narrated from Mehran ibn Muhammad that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "When a person dies, Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious, sends an angel to the one among their family who is most deeply affected by the loss. The angel touches their heart and alleviates the intensity of grief. If

الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَجْعَلْنِي مِنَ السَّوَادِ الْمُخْتَرَمِ‌[3].

Hadith.525 - When Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as), saw a funeral procession, He would say: Alhamdulillahi alladhi lam yaj‘alni mina as-sawadi al-mukhtaram 'Praise be to Allah (swt) who did not make me from among those whose lives were abruptly taken'".

لَا يُسْأَلُ فِي الْقَبْرِ إِلَّا مَنْ مَحَضَ الْإِيمَانَ مَحْضاً أَوْ مَحَضَ الْكُفْرَ مَحْضاً وَ الْبَاقُونَ مَلْهُوٌّ عَنْهُمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ[4]

وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ لَا تَتَّخِذُوا قَبْرِي قِبْلَةً وَ لَا مَسْجِداً فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَعَنَ الْيَهُودَ حِينَ اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ[5].

Hadith.532 - The Prophet Muhammad (sw) said: "Do not take my grave as a qibla (direction of prayer) or a mosque. Indeed, Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious, cursed the Jews when they took the graves of their prophets as places of worship."

وَ وَقَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى الْقَتْلَى بِبَدْرٍ وَ قَدْ جَمَعَهُمْ فِي قَلِيبٍ‌[2] فَقَالَ يَا أَهْلَ الْقَلِيبِ إِنَّا قَدْ وَجَدْنا ما وَعَدَنا رَبُّنا حَقًّا فَهَلْ وَجَدْتُمْ ما وَعَدَ رَبُّكُمْ حَقًّا فَقَالَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يُكَلِّمُ الْمَوْتَى فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ لَوْ أُذِنَ لَهُمْ فِي الْكَلَامِ لَقَالُوا نَعَمْ وَ إِنَ‌ خَيْرَ الزَّادِ التَّقْوى‌.

Hadith.536 - The Messenger of Allah (sw) stood over the bodies of those killed at Badr, having gathered them into a well/pit, and said: “O’ inhabitants of the well, we have found what our Lord (azj) promised us to be true; have you found what your Lord (azj) promised to be true?” The hypocrites replied: "The Messenger

وَ كَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع تَأْتِي قُبُورَ الشُّهَدَاءِ كُلَّ غَدَاةِ سَبْتٍ فَتَأْتِي قَبْرَ حَمْزَةَ فَتَتَرَحَّمُ عَلَيْهِ وَ تَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ‌[3].

Hadith.537 - Sayyida Fatimah Al-Zahra {S.A} used to visit the graves of the martyrs every Saturday morning, and She would come to the grave of Hamzah (as), show mercy upon him, and seek forgiveness for him.

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْمَوْتَى‌ نَزُورُهُمْ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَيَعْلَمُونَ بِنَا إِذَا أَتَيْنَاهُمْ فَقَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُمْ لَيَعْلَمُونَ بِكُمْ وَ يَفْرَحُونَ بِكُمْ وَ يَسْتَأْنِسُونَ إِلَيْكُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَأَيَّ شَيْ‌ءٍ نَقُولُ إِذَا أَتَيْنَاهُمْ قَالَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ جَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جُنُوبِهِمْ وَ صَاعِدْ إِلَيْكَ أَرْوَاحَهُمْ وَ لَقِّهِمْ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً وَ أَسْكِنْ إِلَيْه

Hadith.540 - It was narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim that He said: "I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): Do the dead know when we visit them?" Imam (as) said: “Yes, by Allah (swt), they know of your visits and they rejoice and find comfort in your presence” I said: "What should we say when we visit them?" Im

مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ مُؤْمِنٍ زَارَ قَبْرَ مُؤْمِنٍ فَقَرَأَ عِنْدَهُ إِنَّا أَنْزَلْناهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ إِلَّا غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ لِصَاحِبِ الْقَبْرِ[1]

نَعَمْ قَالَ فِي كَمْ فَقَالَ عَلَى قَدْرِ فَضَائِلِهِمْ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَزُورُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَزُورُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمَيْنِ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَزُورُ فِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ قَالَ ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُ فِي مَجْرَى كَلَامِهِ أَنَّهُ يَقُولُ أَدْنَاهُمْ جُمْعَةً[3] فَقَالَ لَهُ فِي أَيِّ سَاعَةٍ قَالَ عِنْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ أَوْ قُبَيْلَ ذَلِكَ فَيَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ مَعَهُ مَلَكاً يُرِيهِ مَا يَسُرُّ بِهِ

Hadith.542 - Ishaq ibn Ammar asked Abu Al-Hasan al-Awwal, Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about whether a believer visits their family (after death). Imam (as) replied: "Yes." He (Ishaq) asked: ‘How often?’ The Imam said: "It depends on their level of virtue; some visit every day, some every two days, and some every

وَ قَالَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى- لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع- بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ إِذَا أَتَاهُ الزَّائِرُ آنَسَ بِهِ فَإِذَا انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ اسْتَوْحَشَ فَقَالَ لَا يَسْتَوْحِشُ.

Hadith.544 - Safwan ibn Yahya said to Abu Al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as): "I have heard that when a believer is visited by someone (at their grave), they are comforted by their presence, but when the visitor leaves, they feel lonely." Imam (as) replied: "They do not feel lonely."

يُصْنَعُ لِلْمَيِّتِ مَأْتَمٌ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ يَوْمَ مَاتَ[1]

وَ لَمَّا انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ وَقْعَةِ أُحُدٍ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ سَمِعَ مِنْ كُلِّ دَارٍ قُتِلَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا قَتِيلٌ نَوْحاً وَ بُكَاءً وَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ دَارِ حَمْزَةَ عَمِّهِ فَقَالَ ص لَكِنَّ حَمْزَةَ لَا بَوَاكِيَ لَهُ فَآلَى أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ[2] أَنْ لَا يَنُوحُوا عَلَى مَيِّتٍ وَ لَا يَبْكُوهُ حَتَّى يَبْدَءُوا بِحَمْزَةَ فَيَنُوحُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ يَبْكُوهُ فَهُمْ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ

Hadith.553 - When the Messenger of Allah (sw) returned to Medina after the Battle of Uhud, he heard mourning and weeping from every house in which someone had been killed. However, he did not hear mourning from the house of Hamza, his uncle. The Prophet (sw) then said: "But Hamza has no mourners." The people of Medina

وَ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يُصَلَّى عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ حَتَّى إِنَّهُ لَيَكُونُ فِي ضِيقٍ فَيُوَسِّعُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ الضِّيقَ ثُمَّ يُؤْتَى فَيُقَالُ لَهُ خُفِّفَ عَنْكَ هَذَا الضِّيقُ بِصَلَاةِ فُلَانٍ أَخِيكَ عَنْكَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَأُشْرِكُ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ فِي رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ ع إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيَفْرَحُ بِالتَّرَحُّمِ عَلَيْهِ وَ الِ

Hadith.554 - Omar ibn Yazid said: I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) whether it is permissible to pray on behalf of a deceased person. Imam (as) replied: "Yes, even to the extent that if the deceased is in difficulty, Allah (swt) will alleviate that difficulty through the prayer of his brother for him. Then

وَ قَالَ ع‌ سِتَّةٌ يَلْحَقْنَ الْمُؤْمِنَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ وَلَدٌ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ وَ مُصْحَفٌ يُخَلِّفُهُ وَ غَرْسٌ يَغْرِسُهُ وَ صَدَقَةُ مَاءٍ يُجْرِيهِ‌[3] وَ قَلِيبٌ يَحْفِرُهُ وَ سُنَّةٌ يُؤْخَذُ بِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ.

Hadith.555 - Imam (as) said: "Six things follow a believer after his death: a child who seeks forgiveness for him, a Quran he leaves behind, a tree he plants, a charity of water he provides, a well he digs, and a good tradition that is acted upon after him."

وَ قَالَ ع‌ مَنْ عَمِلَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَنْ مَيِّتٍ عَمَلًا صَالِحاً أُضْعِفَ لَهُ أَجْرُهُ وَ نَفَعَ اللَّهُ بِهِ الْمَيِّتَ.

Hadith.556 - Imam (as) said: "Whoever from among the Muslims performs a good deed on behalf of a deceased person, their reward will be multiplied, and Allah (swt) will benefit the deceased through it."

وَ قَالَ ع‌ يَدْخُلُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فِي قَبْرِهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ الصَّوْمُ وَ الْحَجُّ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ وَ الْبِرُّ وَ الدُّعَاءُ وَ يُكْتَبُ أَجْرُهُ لِلَّذِي يَفْعَلُهُ وَ لِلْمَيِّتِ.

Hadith.557 - Imam (as) said: "Prayer, fasting, pilgrimage, charity, righteousness, and supplication enter upon the deceased in their grave, and the reward is written for both the one who performs these deeds and the deceased."

رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ يَا ذَرُّ- وَ اللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتَ بِي لَبَرّاً وَ لَقَدْ قُبِضْتَ وَ إِنِّي عَنْكَ لَرَاضٍ وَ اللَّهِ مَا بِي فَقْدُكَ وَ مَا عَلَيَّ مِنْ غَضَاضَةٍ[5] وَ مَا لِي إِلَى أَحَدٍ سِوَى اللَّهِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ وَ لَوْ لَا هَوْلُ الْمُطَّلَعِ‌[6] لَسَرَّنِي أَنْ أَكُونَ مَكَانَكَ وَ لَقَدْ شَغَلَنِي الْحُزْنُ‌ لَكَ‌[1] عَنِ الْحُزْنِ عَلَيْكَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا بَكَيْتُ لَكَ وَ لَكِنْ بَكَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ‌[2] فَلَي

Hadith.558 - When Dhar ibn Abi Dhar, passed away, Abu Dharr stood by his grave, touched it with his hand, and said: "May Allah (swt) have mercy on you, O’ Dhar. By Allah (swt), you were righteous toward me. You were taken from me while I am content with you. By Allah (swt), I have not felt your loss as a disgrace, nor

مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَمُوتُ أَحَبَّ إِلَى إِبْلِيسَ مِنْ مَوْتِ فَقِيهٍ

هُوَ الْفَنَاءُ بِالْمَوْتِ‌[5].

Hadith.562 – Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the meaning of the verse from Allah’s (swt) Book: "And there is no town but We shall destroy it before the Day of Resurrection or punish it with severe punishment." (Surah Al-Isra 17:58) Imam (as) said: "It refers to perishing through death”.

كُلُّمَا جُعِلَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ مِنْ غَيْرِ تُرَابِ الْقَبْرِ فَهُوَ ثِقْلٌ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ