Visitation & Ziyarat

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ قَالَتِ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ لِعِيسَى يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ مَنْ نُجَالِسُ قَالَ مَنْ يُذَكِّرُكُمُ اللَّهَ رُؤْيَتُهُ وَ يَزِيدُ فِي عِلْمِكُمْ مَنْطِقُهُ وَ يُرَغِّبُكُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ عَمَلُهُ.

“The Holy Prophet said, ‘The disciples asked Jesus, ‘O the spirit of Allah who should we associate with?’ Jesus replied, “Associate with those whose visitation would remind you of Allah, whose speech and logic increase your knowledge and whose deeds would attract you to the next life.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَقُولُ‌ يَا طَالِبَ الْعِلْمِ إِنَّ الْعِلْمَ ذُو فَضَائِلَ كَثِيرَةٍ فَرَأْسُهُ التَّوَاضُعُ وَ عَيْنُهُ الْبَرَاءَةُ مِنَ الْحَسَدِ وَ أُذُنُهُ الْفَهْمُ وَ لِسَانُهُ الصِّدْقُ وَ حِفْظُهُ الْفَحْصُ وَ قَلْبُهُ حُسْنُ النِّيَّةِ وَ عَقْلُهُ مَعْرِفَةُ الْأَشْيَاءِ وَ الْأُمُورِ وَ يَدُهُ الرَّحْمَةُ وَ رِجْلُهُ زِيَارَةُ الْعُلَمَاءِ وَ هِمَّتُ

2. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Nuh ibn Shu‘ayb al-Naysaburi from ‘Ubaydallah ibn ‘Abdallah al-Dihqan from Durust ibn abu Mansur from ’Urwa cousin of Shu‘ayb al-’Aqarqi from Shu‘ayb from abu Basir who has said the following. “(Imam) abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said that Imam Ali (a.

لَمَا تَرَوْنَ‌[1] مَنْ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِلشَّقَاءِ- عَلَى أَهْلِ الضَّلَالَةِ مِنْ أَجْنَادِ الشَّيَاطِينِ وَ أَزْوَاجِهِمْ‌[1] أَكْثَرُ مِمَّا تَرَوْنَ خَلِيفَةَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي بَعَثَهُ لِلْعَدْلِ وَ الصَّوَابِ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ قِيلَ يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ وَ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ شَيْ‌ءٌ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ قَالَ كَمَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ السَّائِلُ يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ إِنِّي لَوْ ح

9. The narrator has said that abu Ja‘far (a.s.) said the following. “You, certainly, find those whom Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has sent to induce misfortune into the heretics and misleading people of the army (followers) of Satan and their companions in greater numbers than those sent to the deputy of Allah,

الْكُلَيْنِيُّ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ لَمَّا حَضَرَ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع الْوَفَاةُ قَالَ لِلْحُسَيْنِ ع يَا أَخِي إِنِّي أُوصِيكَ بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَاحْفَظْهَا إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَهَيِّئْنِي ثُمَّ وَجِّهْنِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لِأُحْدِثَ بِهِ ع

“When al-Hassan (a.s.) ibn Ali (a.s.) was about to leave this world he said to al-Husayn (a.s.), “O my brother, I want to entrust you with my directive will (please) safeguard and preserve it. When I will die prepare and help me towards (the Shrine of) the Messenger of Allah so I can renew my covenant with him then hel

كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فِي صَحْنِ دَارِهِ فَمَرَّ بِنَا مُحَمَّدٌ ابْنُهُ‌[5]- فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ هَذَا صَاحِبُنَا بَعْدَكَ فَقَالَ لَا صَاحِبُكُمْ بَعْدِيَ الْحَسَنُ.

“Once I was with abu al-Hassan in the compound of his house and at that time his son, Muhammad passed by. I said to him, “may Allah take my souls in service for your cause, will he be our master, Imam, after you?” The Imam (a.s.) said, “ No, your master, Imam, after me will be al-Hassan (a.s.).” * This abu Ja‘far Muham

حَجَجْنَا مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي السَّنَةِ الَّتِي وُلِدَ فِيهَا ابْنُهُ مُوسَى ع فَلَمَّا نَزَلْنَا الْأَبْوَاءَ[4] وَضَعَ لَنَا الْغَدَاءَ وَ كَانَ إِذَا وَضَعَ الطَّعَامَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ أَكْثَرَ وَ أَطَابَ قَالَ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ نَأْكُلُ إِذْ أَتَاهُ رَسُولُ حَمِيدَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ حَمِيدَةَ تَقُولُ قَدْ أَنْكَرْتُ نَفْسِي وَ قَدْ وَجَدْتُ مَا كُنْتُ أَجِدُ إِذَا حَضَرَتْ وِلَادَتِي وَ قَدْ أَمَرْتَنِ

When we arrived at al-Abwa lunch was served When he would serve food to his people he would serve good and plentiful food. At such time the messenger of Hamida, (his wife), came saying, “Hamida says, “I have almost lost my self and I have found what I was to find, I am about to give birth. You had commanded me not to d

كُنْتُ مُجَاوِراً بِالْمَدِينَةِ- مَدِينَةِ الرَّسُولِ ص وَ كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَجِي‌ءُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مَعَ الزَّوَالِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَيَنْزِلُ فِي الصَّحْنِ وَ يَصِيرُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى بَيْتِ فَاطِمَةَ ع فَيَخْلَعُ نَعْلَيْهِ وَ يَقُومُ فَيُصَلِّي فَوَسْوَسَ إِلَيَّ الشَّيْطَانُ فَقَالَ إِذَا نَزَلَ فَاذْهَبْ حَتَّى تَأْخُذَ مِنَ التُّرَابِ الَّذِي يَطَأُ عَلَ

“I lived in al-Madina of the Messenger of Allah. Abu Ja‘far (a.s.) would come every day to the mosque at noon time. He would enter the compound and would turn to the shrine of the Messenger of Allah and offer his greeting of peace. He would then turn to the house of Fatima (a.s.), take off his shoes, stand up and pray.

كُنْتُ بِبَغْدَادَ فَتَهَيَّأَتْ قَافِلَةٌ لِلْيَمَانِيِّينَ فَأَرَدْتُ الْخُرُوجَ مَعَهَا فَكَتَبْتُ أَلْتَمِسُ الْإِذْنَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَخَرَجَ لَا تَخْرُجْ مَعَهُمْ فَلَيْسَ لَكَ فِي الْخُرُوجِ مَعَهُمْ خِيَرَةٌ وَ أَقِمْ بِالْكُوفَةِ قَالَ وَ أَقَمْتُ وَ خَرَجَتِ الْقَافِلَةُ فَخَرَجَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ‌ حَنْظَلَةُ[1] فَاجْتَاحَتْهُمْ وَ كَتَبْتُ أَسْتَأْذِنُ فِي رُكُوبِ الْمَاءِ فَلَمْ يَأْذَنْ لِي فَسَأَلْتُ عَنِ الْمَر

“Do not leave with them. There is nothing good for you in leaving with them. Stay in al-Kufa.” The narrator has said, “ I stayed in al-Kufa and the caravan left but the tribe of Hanzala attacked and looted them. I then wrote for permission to leave by ships on water. Permission was denied. I then found out that of the

خَرَجَ نَهْيٌ عَنْ زِيَارَةِ مَقَابِرِ قُرَيْشٍ وَ الْحَيْرِ[3] فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ أَشْهُرٍ دَعَا الْوَزِيرُ الْبَاقَطَائِيَّ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْقَ بَنِي الْفُرَاتِ وَ الْبُرْسِيِّينَ‌[4] وَ قُلْ لَهُمْ لَا يَزُورُوا مَقَابِرَ قُرَيْشٍ فَقَدْ أَمَرَ الْخَلِيفَةُ أَنْ يُتَفَقَّدَ كُلُّ مَنْ زَارَ فَيُقْبَضَ عَلَيْهِ.

“A prohibition to visit the Quryash cemetery and al-Hira (Karbala) came out of the holy location (office of Imam al-Mahdi (a.s.). After a few months the Vizier (abu al-Fath Ja‘far ibn Furat) summoned al-Baqtia, and said to him, “Meet the clan of bnu Furat and al-Bursiyin and tell them not to visit Quraysh cemetery beca

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا حَقُّ الْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ قَالَ إِنَّ مِنْ حَقِّ الْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ الْمَوَدَّةَ لَهُ فِي صَدْرِهِ وَ الْمُوَاسَاةَ لَهُ فِي مَالِهِ وَ الْخَلَفَ لَهُ فِي أَهْلِهِ وَ النُّصْرَةَ لَهُ عَلَى مَنْ ظَلَمَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ نَافِلَةٌ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ‌[4] وَ كَانَ غَائِباً أَخَذَ لَهُ بِنَصِيبِهِ وَ إِذَا مَاتَ الزِّيَارَةَ إِلَى قَبْرِهِ وَ أَنْ لَا يَظْلِمَهُ وَ أ

The Imam said, ‘Of the rights of the believer on the believer is to have compassion for him in his heart, assist him with his property, protect his interests in his absence in the matters of his family and support him against those who do injustice to him. If a benefit is distributed among the Muslims in his absence hi

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ زَارَ أَخَاهُ فِي اللَّهِ فِي مَرَضٍ أَوْ صِحَّةٍ لَا يَأْتِيهِ خِدَاعاً وَ لَا اسْتِبْدَالًا[2] وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يُنَادُونَ فِي قَفَاهُ أَنْ طِبْتَ وَ طَابَتْ لَكَ الْجَنَّةُ فَأَنْتُمْ زُوَّارُ اللَّهِ وَ أَنْتُمْ وَفْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ‌[3] حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ مَنْزِلَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يُسَيْرٌ[4] جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَكَانُ بَعِيداً[5] ق

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah saying, ‘If one visits his brother (in belief) for the sake of Allah, in his illness or in good health, not to deceive or to receive something, Allah will appoint seventy thousand angels to applaud behind him, “How beautiful is your deed! How beautiful is paradise for you! You are the visitor of

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع يَقُولُ‌ لَيْسَ شَيْ‌ءٌ أَنْكَى‌[2] لِإِبْلِيسَ وَ جُنُودِهِ مِنْ زِيَارَةِ الْإِخْوَانِ فِي اللَّهِ بَعْضِهِمْ لِبَعْضٍ قَالَ وَ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَيْنِ يَلْتَقِيَانِ فَيَذْكُرَانِ اللَّهَ ثُمَّ يَذْكُرَانِ فَضْلَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَلَا يَبْقَى عَلَى وَجْهِ إِبْلِيسَ مُضْغَةُ لَحْمٍ إِلَّا تَخَدَّدُ[3] حَتَّى إِنَّ رُوحَهُ لَتَسْتَغِيثُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ مَا يَجِدُ مِنَ الْأَلَمِ فَتَحُسُّ مَل

“I heard abu al-Hassan (a.s.) saying, ‘There is nothing more injurious to Satan and his soldiers than believing people’s visitation of their brothers (in belief) for the sake of Allah.’ The Imam said, ‘When believing people meet each other, speak of Allah and speak of the praise and excellence of AM al-Bayt, all the fl

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مَا أَرَى شَيْئاً يَعْدِلُ زِيَارَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ إِلَّا إِطْعَامَهُ وَ حَقٌّ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُطْعِمَ مَنْ أَطْعَمَ مُؤْمِناً مِنْ طَعَامِ الْجَنَّةِ.

“I do not find anything equal in reward to visiting a believer except feeding him. Allah considers it His responsibility to feed, from the food of paradise, one who feeds a believer.”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ غُسْلِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَقَالَ وَاجِبٌ فِي السَّفَرِ وَ الْحَضَرِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ رُخِّصَ لِلنِّسَاءِ فِي السَّفَرِ لِقِلَّةِ الْمَاءِ[1] وَ قَالَ غُسْلُ الْجَنَابَةِ وَاجِبٌ وَ غُسْلُ الْحَائِضِ إِذَا طَهُرَتْ وَاجِبٌ وَ غُسْلُ الْمُسْتَحَاضَةِ وَاجِبٌ إِذَا احْتَشَتْ بِالْكُرْسُفِ فَجَازَ الدَّمُ الْكُرْسُفَ فَعَلَيْهَا الْغُسْلُ لِكُلِّ صَلَاتَيْنِ وَ لِلْفَجْرِ غُسْلٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about Ghusl (bath) on Friday. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is obligatory, regardless, if one is on a journey or at home except that women are exempt on a journey due to scarcity of water.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Ghusl (bath) because of sexual relation is obligatory as well as because of Ha

إِذَا اغْتَسَلْتَ بَعْدَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ أَجْزَأَكَ غُسْلُكَ ذَلِكَ لِلْجَنَابَةِ وَ الْجُمُعَةِ[2] وَ عَرَفَةَ وَ النَّحْرِ وَ الْحَلْقِ وَ الذَّبْحِ وَ الزِّيَارَةِ وَ إِذَا اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَيْكَ حُقُوقٌ أَجْزَأَهَا عَنْكَ غُسْلٌ وَاحِدٌ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْمَرْأَةُ يُجْزِئُهَا غُسْلٌ وَاحِدٌ لِجَنَابَتِهَا وَ إِحْرَامِهَا وَ جُمُعَتِهَا وَ غُسْلِهَا مِنْ حَيْضِهَا وَ عِيدِهَا.

“He (the Imam) has said, ‘If you take a Ghusl (bath) after dawn, it is sufficient for Ghusl (bath) because of sexual relations, for Friday, the day of ‘Arafah, (ninth of Dhul Hajjah), tenth of Dhul Hajjah, for shaving (during Hajj), offering sacrifice and visiting the House (al-Ka‘bah). One Ghusl (bath) suffices many r

لَا عِيَادَةَ فِي وَجَعِ الْعَيْنِ وَ لَا تَكُونُ عِيَادَةٌ فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَإِذَا وَجَبَتْ فَيَوْمٌ وَ يَوْمٌ لَا فَإِذَا طَالَتِ الْعِلَّةُ تُرِكَ الْمَرِيضُ وَ عِيَالَهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that visit is not necessary for one’s illness of eyes, also not before every three days, unless needed in which case it should take place with a one-day interval in between. If an illness prolongs, then the patient is left in the care of his family.”

الْعِيَادَةُ قَدْرَ فُوَاقِ نَاقَةٍ أَوْ حَلْبِ نَاقَةٍ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that duration of visiting a patient is as long as a baby- camel is given the chance to suckle the mother during milking the camel or as long as it takes to milk a camel.”

مَرِضَ بَعْضُ مَوَالِيهِ فَخَرَجْنَا إِلَيْهِ نَعُودُهُ وَ نَحْنُ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ مَوَالِي جَعْفَرٍ فَاسْتَقْبَلَنَا جَعْفَرٌ ع فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ فَقَالَ لَنَا أَيْنَ تُرِيدُونَ فَقُلْنَا نُرِيدُ فُلَاناً نَعُودُهُ فَقَالَ لَنَا قِفُوا فَوَقَفْنَا فَقَالَ مَعَ أَحَدِكُمْ تُفَّاحَةٌ أَوْ سَفَرْجَلَةٌ أَوْ أُتْرُجَّةٌ أَوْ لَعْقَةٌ[2] مِنْ طِيبٍ أَوْ قِطْعَةٌ مِنْ عُودِ بَخُورٍ فَقُلْنَا مَا مَعَنَا شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنْ هَذَا

“A servant of Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (a.s.), informed me that once one of the followers of the Imam became ill and we went to visit him. We were a group of the followers of Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (a.s.). He (the Imam) met us at a distance on the way and asked, ‘Where are you going?’ We replied, ‘We like to visit so and so pa

تَمَامُ الْعِيَادَةِ لِلْمَرِيضِ أَنْ تَضَعَ يَدَكَ عَلَى ذِرَاعِهِ وَ تُعَجِّلَ الْقِيَامَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَإِنَّ عِيَادَةَ النَّوْكَى أَشَدُّ عَلَى الْمَرِيضِ مِنْ وَجَعِهِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that visiting of a patient is complete upon placing your hand over his arm (praying) and standing up quickly to leave; an unwise visiting of a patient is harder for him than the pain due to illness.”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ تَمَامُ الْعِيَادَةِ أَنْ تَضَعَ يَدَكَ عَلَى الْمَرِيضِ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ عَلَيْهِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Visit of a patient is complete when you place your hand on him when you meet him.’”

إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص قَالَ: إِنَّ مِنْ أَعْظَمِ الْعُوَّادِ أَجْراً عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمَنْ إِذَا عَادَ أَخَاهُ خَفَّفَ الْجُلُوسَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمَرِيضُ يُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ‌ وَ يُرِيدُهُ وَ يَسْأَلُهُ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ ع مِنْ تَمَامِ الْعِيَادَةِ أَنْ يَضَعَ الْعَائِدُ إِحْدَى يَدَيْهِ عَلَى الْأُخْرَى أَوْ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ‌[1].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘Of the visitors who receive the greatest reward from Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, is one whose visiting time is short, unless the patient likes otherwise and asks him to stay for a longer time.’ He has also said, ‘A visit is complete when

مِنْكُمْ وَ اللَّهِ يُقْبَلُ وَ لَكُمْ وَ اللَّهِ يُغْفَرُ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بَيْنَ أَحَدِكُمْ‌[1] وَ بَيْنَ أَنْ يَغْتَبِطَ وَ يَرَى السُّرُورَ وَ قُرَّةَ الْعَيْنِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَبْلُغَ نَفْسُهُ هَاهُنَا وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى حَلْقِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّهُ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ وَ احْتُضِرَ حَضَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ ع فَيَدْنُو مِنْهُ عَلِيٌّ ع فَيَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللّ

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) say, ‘Only from you, by Allah, it (good deeds) is accepted and only your sins are forgiven. There is nothing between any one of you and bliss, joy and the delight of heart, except the time when the soul reaches here’ - pointing to his throat he continued - ‘and when that time comes the Me

سَأَلْتُهُ‌[1] عَنْ زِيَارَةِ الْقُبُورِ وَ بِنَاءِ الْمَسَاجِدِ فِيهَا فَقَالَ أَمَّا زِيَارَةُ الْقُبُورِ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهَا وَ لَا تُبْنَى عِنْدَهَا الْمَسَاجِدُ.

"I asked him (Imam al-Sadiq) about visiting graves and building Masjids therein. He said, 'As for the visitation of graves, there is no issue with it, but a masjid should not be built there.'"

قُلْتُ لَهُ الْمُؤْمِنُ يَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ يَزُورُ قَبْرَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَا يَزَالُ مُسْتَأْنِساً بِهِ مَا دَامَ عِنْدَ قَبْرِهِ فَإِذَا قَامَ وَ انْصَرَفَ مِنْ قَبْرِهِ دَخَلَهُ مِنِ انْصِرَافِهِ عَنْ قَبْرِهِ وَحْشَةٌ.

“I asked the Imam (a.s.), ‘Does a believing deceased notice who has visited his grave?’ He replied, ‘Yes, and he continues to take comfort in his visitor as long as he is near his grave. When the visitor stands up and leaves the gravesite he (the deceased) becomes afraid and lonely.’”

إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَيَزُورُ أَهْلَهُ فَيَرَى مَا يُحِبُّ وَ يُسْتَرُ عَنْهُ مَا يَكْرَهُ وَ إِنَّ الْكَافِرَ لَيَزُورُ أَهْلَهُ فَيَرَى مَا يَكْرَهُ وَ يُسْتَرُ عَنْهُ مَا يُحِبُّ قَالَ وَ مِنْهُمْ‌[1] مَنْ يَزُورُ كُلَّ جُمْعَةٍ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَزُورُ عَلَى قَدْرِ عَمَلِهِ.

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a believing deceased person visits his family. He observes such matters that he loves and what he dislikes is kept hidden from him. A deceased unbeliever person also visits his family but observes what he dislikes and things that he loves are kept hidden from him. Certain ones of t

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ يَزُورُ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقُلْتُ فِي كَمْ يَزُورُ قَالَ فِي الْجُمْعَةِ وَ فِي الشَّهْرِ وَ فِي السَّنَةِ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَنْزِلَتِهِ فَقُلْتُ فِي أَيِّ صُورَةٍ يَأْتِيهِمْ قَالَ فِي صُورَةِ طَائِرٍ لَطِيفٍ يَسْقُطُ عَلَى جُدُرِهِمْ وَ يُشْرِفُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنْ رَآهُمْ بِخَيْرٍ فَرِحَ وَ إِنْ رَآهُمْ بِشَرٍّ وَ حَاجَةٍ حَزِنَ وَ اغْتَمَ‌[2].

“I (the narrator) asked abu al-Hassan al-Awwal (a.s.), about a deceased person’s visiting his family. He replied, ‘Yes, (this is a fact).’ I then asked, ‘How often do such visits take place?’ He replied, ‘In a Friday (week), in a month and in a year, depending upon his status.’ I then asked, ‘In what form does he visit

قُلْتُ لَهُ الْمُؤْمِنُ يَزُورُ أَهْلَهُ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ يَسْتَأْذِنُ رَبَّهُ‌ فَيَأْذَنُ لَهُ فَيَبْعَثُ مَعَهُ مَلَكَيْنِ فَيَأْتِيهِمْ فِي بَعْضِ صُوَرِ الطَّيْرِ يَقَعُ فِي دَارِهِ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَسْمَعُ كَلَامَهُمْ.

"Does a deceased believing person visit his family?’". He replied, "Yes, he asks his Lord for permission; then by His permission with two angels he comes to his family in the form of some kind of a bird. He turns around his house and observes his family and hears whatever they say.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع يَزُورُ الْمُؤْمِنُ أَهْلَهُ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَقُلْتُ فِي كَمْ قَالَ عَلَى قَدْرِ فَضَائِلِهِمْ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَزُورُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَزُورُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمَيْنِ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَزُورُ فِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ قَالَ ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُ فِي مَجْرَى كَلَامِهِ أَنَّهُ يَقُولُ أَدْنَاهُمْ مَنْزِلَةً يَزُورُ كُلَّ جُمْعَةٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ فِي أَيِّ سَاعَةٍ قَالَ عِنْدَ

“I asked abu al-Hassan al-Awwal (a.s.), ‘Does a believing deceased person visit his family?’ He replied, ‘Yes, he does.’ I then asked, ‘How often does he visit them?’ He replied, ‘It depends upon their merits. Certain ones among them visit every day, others visit every other day, and still others among them visit after

مَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يَصِلَنَا فَلْيَصِلْ فُقَرَاءَ شِيعَتِنَا وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يَزُورَ قُبُورَنَا فَلْيَزُرْ قُبُورَ صُلَحَاءِ إِخْوَانِنَا.

“Abu al-Hassan al-Awwal, the 1st (a.s.), has said, ‘Whoever is unable to keep good relations with us (by presenting gifts) should maintain good relations with poor people of our followers, and those who cannot visit our graves should visit the graves of our virtuous brothers (in belief).”’

لَوْ أَنَّ النَّاسَ تَرَكُوا الْحَجَّ لَكَانَ عَلَى الْوَالِي أَنْ يُجْبِرَهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ عَلَى الْمُقَامِ عِنْدَهُ وَ لَوْ تَرَكُوا زِيَارَةَ النَّبِيِّ ص لَكَانَ عَلَى الْوَالِي أَنْ يُجْبِرَهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ عَلَى الْمُقَامِ عِنْدَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ أَمْوَالٌ أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that if people neglect performing al-Hajj, the authorities will force them to perform al-Hajj and to reside therein. If people neglect visiting the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, the authorities will force the

الْمُفْرِدُ بِالْحَجِّ عَلَيْهِ طَوَافٌ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ رَكْعَتَانِ عِنْدَ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع وَ سَعْيٌ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ طَوَافُ الزِّيَارَةِ وَ هُوَ طَوَافُ النِّسَاءِ[1] وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ هَدْيٌ وَ لَا أُضْحِيَّةٌ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُفْرِدِ لِلْحَجِّ هَلْ يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ بَعْدَ طَوَافِ الْفَرِيضَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ مَا شَاءَ وَ يُجَدِّدُ التَّلْبِيَةَ بَعْدَ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ‌[2] وَ الْ

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One who performs Ifrad al-Hajj is required to perform Tawaf around the House, perform two Rak‘at Salat (prayer) near Maqam of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al-Salam,

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع يَا سَيِّدِي إِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ أَصُومَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ تَصُومُ بِهَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ قُلْتُ وَ أَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ خُرُوجُنَا فِي عَشْرٍ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ وَ قَدْ عَوَّدَ اللَّهُ زِيَارَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ زِيَارَتَكَ فَرُبَّمَا حَجَجْتُ عَنْ أَبِيكَ وَ رُبَّمَا حَجَجْتُ عَنْ أَبِي وَ رُبَّمَا حَجَجْتُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ مِنْ إِخْوَانِي وَ رُبَّ

‘My master, I hope to fast during the month of Ramadan in al-Madinah.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You will do so by the will of Allah.’ I then said, ‘I hope to leave by the tenth of the month of Shawwal after visiting the Messenger of Allah, his family and yourself, may Allah grant me such opportunity again. I sometimes perf

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَقَعَ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ- يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَزُورَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا بِشَهْوَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَبَقَرَةٌ قُلْتُ أَوْ شَاةٌ قَالَ أَوْ شَاةٌ[1].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who involves himself in sexual intercourse with his wife on the day of al-Nahr (day of offering sacrifice) before performing Tawaf of Ziyarat. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has done so with lust he owes a badanah, without it there is a cow.’ I said, ‘Or a sheep’ and he (the

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مُتَمَتِّعٍ وَقَعَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَ لَمْ يَزُرْ قَالَ يَنْحَرُ جَزُوراً وَ قَدْ خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ ثُلِمَ حَجُّهُ إِنْ كَانَ عَالِماً وَ إِنْ كَانَ جَاهِلًا فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَقَعَ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطُوفَ طَوَافَ النِّسَاءِ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ جَزُورٌ سَمِينَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ جَاهِلًا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَن

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is in al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) and is involved in sexual intercourse with his wife before performing Tawaf of Ziyarat. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must offer Jazur (slaughter a camel), and I am afraid for his al-Hajj becoming invalid if he knows the rules; but

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَاقَعَ أَهْلَهُ حِينَ ضَحَّى قَبْلَ أَنْ يَزُورَ الْبَيْتَ قَالَ يُهَرِيقُ دَماً.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is involved in sexual intercourse with his wife after offering sacrifice before Tawaf of Ziyarat. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must offer one animal offering.’”

رَأَيْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِيَ ع لَيْلَةَ الزِّيَارَةِ طَافَ طَوَافَ النِّسَاءِ وَ صَلَّى خَلْفَ الْمَقَامِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ زَمْزَمَ فَاسْتَقَى مِنْهَا بِيَدِهِ بِالدَّلْوِ الَّذِي يَلِي الْحَجَرَ وَ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ وَ صَبَّ عَلَى بَعْضِ جَسَدِهِ ثُمَّ اطَّلَعَ فِي زَمْزَمَ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَ أَخْبَرَنِي بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا أَنَّهُ رَآهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِسَنَةٍ فَعَلَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.

“I once saw abu Ja‘far, the 2nd (a.s.), in the night of Ziyarat perform Tawaf al-Nisa’. He (the Imam) performed Salat (prayer) behind Maqam (station) of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then went in Zamzam, took water with his hand with the bucket which is next to al-Hajar, drank from it and poured on certain parts of his bod

الْمَرْأَةُ الْمُتَمَتِّعَةُ إِذَا قَدِمَتْ مَكَّةَ ثُمَّ حَاضَتْ تُقِيمُ مَا بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ التَّرْوِيَةِ فَإِنْ طَهُرَتْ طَافَتْ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ سَعَتْ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَطْهُرْ إِلَى يَوْمِ التَّرْوِيَةِ اغْتَسَلَتْ وَ احْتَشَتْ ثُمَّ سَعَتْ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَتْ إِلَى مِنًى فَإِذَا قَضَتِ الْمَنَاسِكَ وَ زَارَتِ الْبَيْتَ طَافَتْ بِالْبَيْتِ طَوَافاً لِعُمْرَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a woman who is for al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous), enters Makkah and experiences Hayd (menses), she must wait until al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajjah); if she becomes clean, she must perform Tawaf around the House and Sa‘y between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah. She must take Ghusl (

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مَشْيِ الْحَسَنِ ع مِنْ مَكَّةَ أَوْ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ قَالَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ إِذَا زُرْتُ الْبَيْتَ أَرْكَبُ أَوْ أَمْشِي‌[1] فَقَالَ كَانَ الْحَسَنُ ع يَزُورُ رَاكِباً وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرُّكُوبُ أَفْضَلُ أَوِ الْمَشْيُ فَقَالَ الرُّكُوبُ قُلْتُ الرُّكُوبُ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الْمَشْيِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص رَكِبَ‌[2].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of al-Hassan (a.s.), and his walking on foot; if it was from Makkah or al-Madinah. He (the Imam) said, ‘It was from Makkah.’ I then asked, ‘If I visit the House, should I walk on foot or riding?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Al-Hassan (a.s.), would visit riding.’ I then asked

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص عَجَّلَ النِّسَاءَ لَيْلًا مِنَ الْمُزْدَلِفَةِ إِلَى مِنًى وَ أَمَرَ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْهُنَّ عَلَيْهَا هَدْيٌ أَنْ تَرْمِيَ وَ لَا تَبْرَحَ حَتَّى تَذْبَحَ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهُنَّ هَدْيٌ أَنْ تَمْضِيَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ حَتَّى تَزُورَ[1].

‘He (the Messenger of Allah) sent the women during the night from al-Muzdalifah to Mina’ and instructed those of them who had animal offering, to throw pebbles and slaughter their offering and those who did not have any offering, to proceed to Makkah for Ziyarat (Tawaf around the House).”’

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَزُورُ الْبَيْتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ قَالَ لَا يَنْبَغِي إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ نَاسِياً ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَتَاهُ أُنَاسٌ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي حَلَقْتُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَذْبَحَ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ حَلَقْتُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَرْمِيَ فَلَمْ يَتْرُكُوا شَيْئاً كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يُؤَخِّرُوهُ إِلَّا قَدَّمُوهُ فَقَا

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who visits the House before shaving his head. He (the Imam) said, ’It is not proper unless it is because of forgetfulness.’ He (the Imam) then said, ’People came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services t

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا رَمَى الْجَمْرَةَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ وَ حَلَقَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَذْبَحَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ أَتَاهُ طَوَائِفُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ذَبَحْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ نَرْمِيَ وَ حَلَقْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ نَذْبَحَ وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِمَّا يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يُقَدِّمُوهُ

“I once asked abu Ja’far, al-Thani (a.s.), saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, a man of our people has thrown pebbles on al-Jamar on the day of al-Nahr (slaughtering the offering, 10th of Dhu al-Hajjah) and shaved before slaughtering his offering.’ He (the Imam) said, ’It was the day of

إِنْ كَانَ زَارَ الْبَيْتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ وَ هُوَ عَالِمٌ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ دَمَ شَاةٍ.

“This is about a man who visits the House before shaving. Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘If he has knowingly visited the House before shaving, it is not proper, thus he owes one sheep.’”

لَا بَأْسَ قَدْ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُ.

“This is about a man who forgets to slaughter his offering in Mina’ until he visits the House; then buys an offering in Makkah and slaughters it. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ’It is not harmful and it is sufficient for him.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمُتَمَتِّعِ إِذَا حَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَزُورَ الْبَيْتَ يَطْلِيهِ بِالْحِنَّاءِ قَالَ نَعَمْ الْحِنَّاءُ وَ الثِّيَابُ وَ الطِّيبُ وَ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ إِلَّا النِّسَاءَ رَدَّدَهَا عَلَيَّ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةً قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْهَا فَقَالَ نَعَمْ الْحِنَّاءُ وَ الثِّيَابُ وَ الطِّيبُ وَ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ إِلَّا النِّسَاءَ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is for al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) after shaving, before visiting the House: if he can apply dyes. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, dyes, clothes, perfumes and everything becomes permissible except women.’ He (the Imam) repeated it twice or three times. I asked abu al-Hassan

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ الْمُتَمَتِّعُ يُغَطِّي رَأْسَهُ إِذَا حَلَقَ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ حَلْقُ رَأْسِهِ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ تَغْطِيَتِهِ إِيَّاهُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is for al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous); if he can cover his head after shaving. He (the Imam) said, ‘Son, shaving is greater than his covering it.’”

رَأَيْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع بَعْدَ مَا ذَبَحَ حَلَقَ ثُمَّ ضَمَّدَ رَأْسَهُ بِمِسْكٍ‌[1] وَ زَارَ الْبَيْتَ وَ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصٌ وَ كَانَ مُتَمَتِّعاً. - عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ‌ نَحْوَهُ.

“I saw abu al-Hassan (a.s.), after slaughtering his offering and shaving applied musk to his head and visited the House wearing a shirt and he (the Imam) was for al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous).” NOTE: Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus from abu Ayyub a similar Hadith.

وُلِدَ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع مَوْلُودٌ بِمِنًى فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْنَا يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ بِخَبِيصٍ فِيهِ زَعْفَرَانٌ‌[1] وَ كُنَّا قَدْ حَلَقْنَا قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فَأَكَلْتُ أَنَا وَ أَبَى الْكَاهِلِيُّ وَ مُرَازِمٌ أَنْ يَأْكُلَا وَ قَالا لَمْ نَزُرِ الْبَيْتَ فَسَمِعَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع كَلَامَنَا فَقَالَ لِمُصَادِفٍ وَ كَانَ هُوَ الرَّسُولُ الَّذِي جَاءَنَا بِهِ فِي أَيِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ كَانُوا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ قَالَ أَكَ

“A child was born to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), in Mina’. On the day of al-Nahr (slaughtering the offering, 10th of Dhu al-Hajjah) he (the Imam) sent us sweet mix with saffron in it and we had shaved. ‘Abd al-Rahman has said, ‘I ate but abu al-Kahiliy and Murazim abstained from eating. They said, “We have not visited the Ho

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنِ الْمُتَمَتِّعِ إِذَا حَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ مَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ فَقَالَ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ إِلَّا النِّسَاءَ.

“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about a man who is for al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) and shaves his head. What thereafter becomes lawful for him? He (the Imam) said, ‘Everything becomes permissible except women.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْغُسْلِ إِذَا زَارَ الْبَيْتَ مِنْ مِنًى فَقَالَ أَنَا أَغْتَسِلُ مِنْ مِنًى ثُمَّ أَزُورُ الْبَيْتَ.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about Ghusl (bath) when visiting the House from Mina’. He (the Imam) said, ‘I take Ghusl (bath) in Mina’; then visit the House.’ ”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع- عَنْ غُسْلِ الزِّيَارَةِ يَغْتَسِلُ الرَّجُلُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ يَزُورُ فِي اللَّيْلِ بِغُسْلٍ وَاحِدٍ أَ يُجْزِئُهُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ يُجْزِئُهُ مَا لَمْ يُحْدِثْ مَا يُوجِبُ وُضُوءاً فَإِنْ أَحْدَثَ فَلْيُعِدْ غُسْلَهُ بِاللَّيْلِ.

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about Ghusl (bath) of Ziyarah, he does Ghusl during the night and visits (the House) with one Ghusl, is that sufficient?“ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is sufficient as long as things invalidating wudu does not take place, and if something as such takes place, one must take Ghusl again dur