Family & Kinship

مَاتَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ص إِنَّ آلَ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَدْ أَقَامُوا مَنَاحَةً فَأَذْهَبُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَذِنَ لَهَا فَلَبِسَتْ ثِيَابَهَا وَ تَهَيَّأَتْ وَ كَانَتْ مِنْ حُسْنِهَا كَأَنَّهَا جَانٌّ وَ كَانَتْ إِذَا قَامَتْ فَأَرْخَتْ شَعْرَهَا جَلَّلَ جَسَدَهَا[2] وَ عَقَدَتْ بِطَرَفَيْهِ خَلْخَالَهَا فَنَدَبَتِ ابْنَ عَمِّهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ- أَنْعَ

‘When al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah died, ‘Umm Salamah asked the Holy Prophet, for permission. She said, “The family of al-Mughirah has organized a gathering to mourn for al-Walid. Can I also attend their gathering?” The Holy Prophet granted her permission. She dressed up. She was beautiful like a fairy. When standing she r

لَمَّا هَاجَرَتِ النِّسَاءُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص هَاجَرَتْ فِيهِنَّ امْرَأَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا أُمُّ حَبِيبٍ وَ كَانَتْ خَافِضَةً تَخْفِضُ الْجَوَارِيَ فَلَمَّا رَآهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لَهَا يَا أُمَّ حَبِيبٍ الْعَمَلُ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي يَدِكِ هُوَ فِي يَدِكِ الْيَوْمَ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ حَرَاماً فَتَنْهَانِي عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَا بَلْ حَلَالٌ فَادْنِي مِنِّي حَتَّى أُعَلِّمَكِ

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When women migrated toward the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, among them there was a woman called ‘Umm Habib and she circumcised girls. When the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muha

دَخَلَتْ مَاشِطَةٌ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ لَهَا هَلْ تَرَكْتِ عَمَلَكِ أَوْ أَقَمْتِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا أَعْمَلُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَنْهَانِي عَنْهُ فَأَنْتَهِيَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا افْعَلِي فَإِذَا مَشَطْتِ فَلَا تَجْلِي الْوَجْهَ بِالْخِرَقِ فَإِنَّهَا تَذْهَبُ بِمَاءِ الْوَجْهِ وَ لَا تَصِلِي الشَّعْرَ بِالشَّعْرِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Once a hairdresser came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and he asked her, ‘Have you stopped the work you were doing or not?’ She replied, ‘O Messenger of Allah, I still do it unless you

سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الْقَرَامِلِ الَّتِي تَضَعُهَا النِّسَاءُ فِي رُءُوسِهِنَّ يَصِلْنَهُ بِشُعُورِهِنَ‌[2] فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ بِمَا تَزَيَّنَتْ بِهِ لِزَوْجِهَا قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَعَنَ الْوَاصِلَةَ وَ الْمَوْصُولَةَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هُنَاكَ إِنَّمَا لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْوَاصِلَةَ الَّتِي تَزْنِي فِي شَبَابِهَا فَلَمَّا كَبِرَتْ قَادَتِ النِّسَاءَ إ

“Abu Ja‘far, Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about women’s decorating their hairs with silk fibers or hairs and so on. He (the Imam) replied, ‘There is no offense in women’s beautifying themselves for their husbands.’ I (the narrator) said, ‘We are told that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad an

كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا أُمُّ طَيْبَةَ تَخْفِضُ الْجَوَارِيَ فَدَعَاهَا النَّبِيُّ ص فَقَالَ لَهَا يَا أُمَّ طَيْبَةَ إِذَا خَفَضْتِ الْجَوَارِيَ فَأَشِمِّي وَ لَا تُجْحِفِي فَإِنَّهُ أَصْفَى لِلَوْنِ الْوَجْهِ وَ أَحْظَى عِنْدَ الْبَعْلِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘There was a woman called ‘Umm Taybah. She would circumcise girls. The Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, called her and said to her, ‘O ‘Umm Taybah, when you circumcise girls do not allow it to become

لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص‌ - إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَ الْمَيْسِرُ وَ الْأَنْصابُ وَ الْأَزْلامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ‌[1] قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الْمَيْسِرُ فَقَالَ كُلُّ مَا تُقُومِرَ بِهِ حَتَّى الْكِعَابُ وَ الْجَوْزُ قِيلَ فَمَا الْأَنْصَابُ قَالَ مَا ذَبَحُوهُ لآِلِهَتِهِمْ قِيلَ فَمَا الْأَزْلَامُ قَالَ قِدَاحُهُمُ الَّتِي يَسْتَقْسِمُونَ بِهَا.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that when Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sent to His Messenger, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, the following verse, ‘Wine, gambling, idols and gambling arrows are of the filthy deeds of Satan, you must avoid them’ (5:93),

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي حِينَ يَزْنِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ حِينَ يَسْرِقُ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَنْهَبُ نُهْبَةً ذَاتَ شَرَفٍ‌[2] حِينَ يَنْهَبُهَا وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ قَالَ ابْنُ سِنَانٍ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْجَارُودِ وَ مَا نُهْبَةٌ ذَاتُ شَرَفٍ قَالَ نَحْوُ مَا صَنَعَ حَاتِمٌ حِينَ قَالَ مَنْ أَخَذَ شَيْئاً فَهُوَ لَهُ.

‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘A fornicator does not fornicate while he is a believing person, a thief does not steal while he is a believing person and an honorable person does not do Nahbah Dhata Sharaf (an honor-loot)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ إِنَّ أَخْوَفَ مَا أَخَافُ عَلَى أُمَّتِي مِنْ بَعْدِي هَذِهِ الْمَكَاسِبُ الْحَرَامُ وَ الشَّهْوَةُ الْخَفِيَّةِ وَ الرِّبَا[2].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘What I fear most for my followers after me are these unlawful earnings, concealed desire and unlawful interest.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَصَابَ مَالًا مِنْ عَمَلِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَ هُوَ يَتَصَدَّقُ مِنْهُ وَ يَصِلُ مِنْهُ قَرَابَتَهُ وَ يَحُجُّ لِيُغْفَرَ لَهُ مَا اكْتَسَبَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ- إِنَّ الْحَسَناتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئاتِ‌ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ الْخَطِيئَةَ لَا تُكَفِّرُ الْخَطِيئَةَ وَ لَكِنَّ الْحَسَنَةَ تَحُطُّ الْخَطِيئَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ خَلَطَ الْحَلَالَ بِالْحَرَامِ ف

9. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who had found a certain amount of property from banu ’Umayyah. He gives charity thereof, helps hi

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الْغُلُولِ قَالَ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ غُلَّ مِنَ الْإِمَامِ فَهُوَ سُحْتٌ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ وَ شِبْهُهُ سُحْتٌ وَ السُّحْتُ أَنْوَاعٌ كَثِيرَةٌ مِنْهَا أُجُورُ الْفَوَاجِرِ وَ ثَمَنُ الْخَمْرِ وَ النَّبِيذِ الْمُسْكِرِ وَ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ فَأَمَّا الرِّشَا فِي الْحُكْمِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ الْكُفْرُ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ وَ بِرَسُولِهِ ص‌[4].

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from ‘Ammar ibn Marwan who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about seizing (other’s assets). He (the Imam) said, ‘Whatever of the belonging of the Imam seized is Suht (unlawful

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ كَسْبِ الْإِمَاءِ فَإِنَّهَا إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ زَنَتْ إِلَّا أَمَةً قَدْ عُرِفَتْ بِصَنْعَةِ يَدٍ وَ نَهَى عَنْ كَسْبِ الْغُلَامِ الَّذِي لَا يُحْسِنُ صِنَاعَةً بِيَدِهِ فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ سَرَقَ.

Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited earning of slave-girls because if they cannot find work, they fornicate, except for a slave-girl who knows a skill and she is better than a slave-boy who

قِيلَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّا نَدْخُلُ عَلَى أَخٍ لَنَا فِي بَيْتِ أَيْتَامٍ وَ مَعَهُمْ خَادِمٌ لَهُمْ فَنَقْعُدُ عَلَى بِسَاطِهِمْ وَ نَشْرَبُ مِنْ مَائِهِمْ وَ يَخْدُمُنَا خَادِمُهُمْ وَ رُبَّمَا طَعِمْنَا فِيهِ الطَّعَامَ مِنْ عِنْدِ صَاحِبِنَا وَ فِيهِ مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ فَمَا تَرَى فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ فِي دُخُولِكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ مَنْفَعَةٌ لَهُمْ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ ضَرَرٌ فَلَا وَ ق

“Once it was said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘We visit a brother in belief in the house of orphans with their servant. We sit on their furnishings, drink from their water and their servant serves us and perhaps eat of the food of our friend in which there is the orphans’ food also. What do you say about it? He (the Imam

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ لِيَ ابْنَةَ أَخٍ يَتِيمَةً فَرُبَّمَا أُهْدِيَ لَهَا الشَّيْ‌ءُ فَآكُلُ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ أُطْعِمُهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْ‌ءَ مِنْ مَالِي فَأَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ هَذَا بِهَذَا فَقَالَ ع لَا بَأْسَ.

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I have an orphan girl of my brother. At certain times gifts are given to her and I eat a certain amount thereof. Thereafter I feed her a certain amount from my properties and I say, “O Lord, this is for what I have used.” He (the Imam) (a.s.), said, ‘It is not harmful.”’

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَانَ لِي أَخٌ هَلَكَ فَأَوْصَى إِلَى أَخٍ أَكْبَرَ مِنِّي وَ أَدْخَلَنِي مَعَهُ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ وَ تَرَكَ ابْناً لَهُ صَغِيراً وَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَيَضْرِبُ بِهِ أَخِي فَمَا كَانَ مِنْ فَضْلٍ سَلَّمَهُ لِلْيَتِيمِ وَ ضَمِنَ لَهُ مَالَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لِأَخِيكَ مَالٌ يُحِيطُ بِمَالِ الْيَتِيمِ إِنْ تَلِفَ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ فَلَا يَعْرِضْ لِمَالِ الْيَتِي

“I once said to abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I had a brother who has died and made a will in which he appointed my brother who is elder to me and myself as executors. He has left behind a small son and has left behind a certain amount of assets. My brother uses that asset in business and gives the extra to the orphan and h

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ أَمَرَنِي أَخِي أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ عَنْ مَالِ يَتِيمٍ فِي حَجْرِهِ يَتَّجِرُ بِهِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لِأَخِيكَ مَالٌ يُحِيطُ بِمَالِ الْيَتِيمِ إِنْ تَلِفَ أَوْ أَصَابَهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ غَرِمَهُ لَهُ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا يَتَعَرَّضْ لِمَالِ الْيَتِيمِ.

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that my brother has told me to ask you about the assets of an orphan who is under his (my brother’s) guardianship and he uses the assets of the orphan in business. He (the Imam) said, ‘If your brother’s assets are sufficient to cover the assets of the orphan in case it is destroye

فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ مَالٌ لِأَيْتَامٍ فَيَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِ فَيَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ دَرَاهِمَ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهَا وَ لَا يُعْلِمُ الَّذِي كَانَ عِنْدَهُ الْمَالُ لِلْأَيْتَامِ أَنَّهُ أَخَذَ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ شَيْئاً ثُمَّ تَيَسَّرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَيُّ ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ أَ يُعْطِيهِ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي يَدِهِ أَمْ يَدْفَعُهُ إِلَى الْيَتِيمِ وَ قَدْ بَلَغَ وَ هَلْ يُجْزِئُهُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَهُ

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man in whose family someone has the assets of orphans and he gives a certain amount of dirham to him that he needs; and the person with whom there are the assets of orphans does not know if he has taken anything from their assets. He thereafter becomes affluent. I

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ أَخْلَفَ بِالْأَمَانَةِ وَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْأَمَانَةُ تَجْلِبُ الرِّزْقَ وَ الْخِيَانَةُ تَجْلِبُ الْفَقْرَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘One who does not keep a trust safely is not of our people/ The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Trustworthiness attracts wealth and treachery attracts pove

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى مَالِ ابْنِهِ قَالَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ مَا شَاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سَرَفٍ وَ قَالَ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع إِنَّ الْوَلَدَ لَا يَأْخُذُ مِنْ مَالِ وَالِدِهِ شَيْئاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ الْوَالِدَ يَأْخُذُ مِنْ مَالِ ابْنِهِ مَا شَاءَ وَ لَهُ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَى جَارِيَةِ ابْنِهِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنِ الِابْنُ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا وَ ذَكَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ أَنْتَ وَ مَالُكَ

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about a man who needed to spend from the property of his son. He (the Imam) replied, ‘He has permission to use the property of his son for food as much as he wants but without excess.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is in the book of Ali (a.s.), that a son does not have permission to spend fro

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا يَحِلُّ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ مَالِ وَلَدِهِ قَالَ قُوتُهُ بِغَيْرِ سَرَفٍ إِذَا اضْطُرَّ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لِلرَّجُلِ الَّذِي أَتَاهُ فَقَدَّمَ أَبَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ وَ مَالُكَ لِأَبِيكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا جَاءَ بِأَبِيهِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا أَبِي وَ قَدْ ظَلَمَنِي مِيرَاثِي مِنْ أُمِّي فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْأَبُ أَنَّ

He (the Imam) replied, ‘He can take for his basic necessities without excess when pressing needs compel him.’ I (the narrator) then asked about the words of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, to a man who came to him and had brought his

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ شَاةً فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هِيَ لَكَ أَوْ لِأَخِيكَ أَوْ لِلذِّئْبِ‌[1] فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ بَعِيراً فَقَالَ مَعَهُ حِذَاؤُهُ وَ سِقَاؤُهُ حِذَاؤُهُ خُفُّهُ وَ سِقَاؤُهُ كَرِشُهُ فَلَا تَهِجْهُ‌[2].

‘I have found a sheep.’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘It is for you or your brother or a wolf.’ He then said, T have found a camel.’ The Messenger of Allah asked, ’Does it have its shoes and water container? Nevertheless, take notice, its shoes are its feet and its water container is its hump. You must not bother the c

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ الْهَدِيَّةُ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَوْجُهٍ هَدِيَّةُ مُكَافَأَةٍ وَ هَدِيَّةُ مُصَانَعَةٍ وَ هَدِيَّةٌ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌[3].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Gifts are of three kinds: One is a gift to compensate a favor, another is a gift for understanding (bribing) someone, and another gift is a gift from Al

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ الْكَبِيرَةُ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْمِهْرَجَانِ أَوِ النَّيْرُوزِ أَهْدَوْا إِلَيْهِ الشَّيْ‌ءَ لَيْسَ هُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ يَتَقَرَّبُونَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ هُمْ مُصَلِّينَ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ فَلْيَقْبَلْ هَدِيَّتَهُمْ وَ لْيُكَافِهِمْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لَوْ أُهْدِيَ إِلَيَّ كُرَاعٌ لَقَبِلْتُ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الدّ

“I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who possesses a great deal of goods. On the times of festivities or the day of Nawroz, they give him as gifts which they did not have to give him but they wanted to become nearer to him. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Are they not the ones who perform prayers?’ I (the narr

كَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ عَلَى فِرْقَتَيْنِ- الْحُلِّ وَ الْحُمْسِ فَكَانَتِ الْحُمْسُ قُرَيْشاً وَ كَانَتِ الْحُلُ‌[2] سَائِرَ الْعَرَبِ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْحُلِّ إِلَّا وَ لَهُ حَرَمِيٌّ مِنَ الْحُمْسِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ حَرَمِيٌّ مِنَ الْحُمْسِ لَمْ يُتْرَكْ أَنْ يَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ إِلَّا عُرْيَاناً وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حَرَمِيّاً- لِعِيَاضِ بْنِ حِمَارٍ الْمُجَاشِعِيِ‌[3] وَ كَا

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Arabs during pre-Islamic age of ignorance were of two groups. One was al-Hull and the other al-Hums. Al-Hums were Quraysh and al-Hull was the rest of Arabs. Everyone of al-Hull group had to have a protector from al-Hums people; otherwise, they could not perform Tawaf except in a naked

مَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لِصِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ وَ لَهُ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهَا إِذَا كَانَ لِلثَّوَابِ.

A man gives a gift to a relative, but seeks a reward while that relative is in a position of authority. He said regarding this, "If it is for the sake of Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, and for maintaining family ties, then it is permissible, and he may accept it as long as it is given with the intention of seeking rewa

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مِنْ تَكْرِمَةِ الرَّجُلِ لِأَخِيهِ الْمُسْلِمِ أَنْ يَقْبَلَ تُحْفَتَهُ وَ يُتْحِفَهُ بِمَا عِنْدَهُ وَ لَا يَتَكَلَّفَ لَهُ شَيْئاً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Of a believer’s upholding the honor of his Muslim brother is to accept his gifts and present him a gift of whatever is possible for him without over-bur

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَوْ أُهْدِيَ إِلَيَّ كُرَاعٌ لَقَبِلْتُهُ‌[4].

“The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Even if a gift as small as the foot of a sheep is presented to me I accept it.’”

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ لَأَنْ أُهْدِيَ لِأَخِي الْمُسْلِمِ هَدِيَّةً تَنْفَعُهُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَتَصَدَّقَ بِمِثْلِهَا.

Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘Presenting a gift to my Muslim brother which can benefit him is more beloved to me than giving charity.’”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ تَهَادَوْا تَحَابُّوا تَهَادَوْا فَإِنَّهَا تَذْهَبُ بِالضَّغَائِنِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘You should exchange gifts; you will find affection. You should exchange gifts; it removes malice.’”

أَتَى رَجُلٌ أَبِي فَقَالَ إِنِّي وَرِثْتُ مَالًا وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُ الَّذِي وَرِثْتُهُ مِنْهُ قَدْ كَانَ يَرْبُو وَ قَدْ أَعْرِفُ أَنَّ فِيهِ رِبًا وَ أَسْتَيْقِنُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَيْسَ يَطِيبُ لِي حَلَالُهُ لِحَالِ عِلْمِي‌[5] فِيهِ وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ وَ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ فَقَالُوا لَا يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ بِأَنَّ فِيهِ مَالًا مَعْرُوفاً ر

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once a man came to my father and said, ‘I have inherited a certain amount of property and I knew the owner from whom I inherited received Raba’ and I know with certainty there is Riba’ in it and I do not feel happy to consume it because of my knowledge about it. I asked the scholar

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَرْبَى بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ فَقَالَ أَمَّا مَا مَضَى فَلَهُ وَ لْيَتْرُكْهُ فِيمَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَدْ وَرِثْتُ مَالًا وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُ كَانَ يَرْبُو وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ وَ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ فَذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهُ فَقَالَ أ

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who received Riba’ in ignorance, then he wanted to stay away from Riba’. He (the Imam) said ’What is passed is for him and he must stay away in the coming times.’ He (the Imam) then said, ’Once a man visited abu Ja’far (a.s.), and sai

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ حَرْبِنَا رِبًا نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ بِدِرْهَمٍ وَ نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَا نُعْطِيهِمْ.

2. Through the same chain of narrators as the previous one is the following Hadith: “The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘There is no Riba ’ between us and those in the state of war with us. We can receive a thousand dirham fro

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَنْ بَاعَ وَ اشْتَرَى فَلْيَحْفَظْ خَمْسَ خِصَالٍ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا يَشْتَرِيَنَّ وَ لَا يَبِيعَنَّ الرِّبَا وَ الْحَلْفَ وَ كِتْمَانَ الْعَيْبِ وَ الْحَمْدَ إِذَا بَاعَ وَ الذَّمَّ إِذَا اشْتَرَى.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘One who buys and sells must not

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمْ يَأْذَنْ لِحَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ بِالتِّجَارَةِ حَتَّى ضَمِنَ لَهُ إِقَالَةَ النَّادِمِ وَ إِنْظَارَ الْمُعْسِرِ وَ أَخْذَ الْحَقِّ وَافِياً وَ غَيْرَ وَافٍ.

“He (the Imam) has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, did not give permission to Hakim ibn Hizam for business until the later promised to settle the price with a buyer who is regretful about the transaction, extend the time of

جَاءَتْ زَيْنَبُ الْعَطَّارَةُ الْحَوْلَاءُ إِلَى نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ص فَإِذَا هِيَ عِنْدَهُمْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِذَا أَتَيْتِنَا طَابَتْ بُيُوتُنَا فَقَالَتْ بُيُوتُكَ بِرِيحِكَ أَطْيَبُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا بِعْتِ فَأَحْسِنِي وَ لَا تَغُشِّي فَإِنَّهُ أَتْقَى لِلَّهِ وَ أَبْقَى لِلْمَالِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Once Zaynab al-‘Attarah al-Hawla’ visited the wives of the Holy Prophet, and the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, also came home when she was with his wives. The Holy Prophet said, ‘When you visit our houses t

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ السَّوْمِ مَا بَيْنَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ‌[5].

“He (the Imam) has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited bargaining between dawn and sunrise.”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ عَامَّةَ مَنْ يَأْتِينِي مِنْ إِخْوَانِي فَحُدَّ لِي مِنْ مُعَامَلَتِهِمْ مَا لَا أَجُوزُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ فَقَالَ إِنْ وَلَّيْتَ أَخَاكَ فَحَسَنٌ وَ إِلَّا فَبِعْ بَيْعَ الْبَصِيرِ الْمُدَاقِّ.

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘Most of my clients are from our brothers (in belief). I request you to set for me a limit, how should I deal with them in a transaction so that I will not go beyond that limit.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If you consider your brother (in belief) as the person in charge it is fine, othe

إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ شَيْئاً مِنْ مَتَاعٍ‌[2] أَوْ غَيْرِهِ فَكَبِّرْ ثُمَّ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ فَصَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ اللَّهُمَّ فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ فَضْلًا اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ رِزْقِكَ [اللَّهُمَ‌] فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ رِزْقاً ثُمَّ أَعِدْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ‌[3].

‘When you buy merchandise or something say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description). Then say, ‘O Allah, I have purchased this and I seek in it your extra favor, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. O Allah, place in it of your extra favors. O Allah, I have pu

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِرَجُلٍ يَبِيعُ التَّمْرَ يَا فُلَانُ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَنْ غَشَّهُمْ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once said to a man who sold dates, ‘O master so and so, do you know that one who cheats Muslims is not one of them?”’

دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ يَبِيعُ الدَّقِيقَ فَقَالَ إِيَّاكَ وَ الْغِشَّ فَإِنَّ مَنْ غَشَّ غُشَّ فِي مَالِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غُشَّ فِي أَهْلِهِ.

“Once, a man who sold flour came before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He (the Imam) said to him, ‘Beware of cheating; one who cheats in matters of properties, cheating takes place in his properties, if he does not have any property cheating takes place in his family (wife).”’

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- عَنْ أَنْ يُشَابَ اللَّبَنُ بِالْمَاءِ لِلْبَيْعِ‌[3].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited mixing of milk with water to sell.’”

مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ص فِي سُوقِ الْمَدِينَةِ بِطَعَامٍ فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ مَا أَرَى طَعَامَكَ إِلَّا طَيِّباً وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ سِعْرِهِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَدُسَّ يَدَيْهِ فِي الطَّعَامِ‌[2] فَفَعَلَ فَأَخْرَجَ طَعَاماً رَدِيّاً فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ مَا أَرَاكَ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ جَمَعْتَ خِيَانَةً وَ غِشّاً لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ‌[3].

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ibn Mahbub from abu Jamilah from Sa‘d al-Iskaf who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Once, in the market place of al-Madinah, the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ عَلَامَةُ رِضَا اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِي خَلْقِهِ عَدْلُ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَ رُخْصُ أَسْعَارِهِمْ وَ عَلَامَةُ غَضَبِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَلَى خَلْقِهِ- جَوْرُ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَ غَلَاءُ أَسْعَارِهِمْ.

“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Of the signs of happiness of Allah, most High, with His creatures is the existence of a just ruler and low prices. Of the signs of unhappiness of Allah,

نَفِدَ الطَّعَامُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَتَاهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ نَفِدَ الطَّعَامُ وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ إِلَّا عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ فَمُرْهُ يَبِيعُهُ النَّاسَ قَالَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا فُلَانُ إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ذَكَرُوا أَنَّ الطَّعَامَ قَدْ نَفِدَ إِلَّا شَيْئاً عِنْدَكَ فَأَخْرِجْهُ وَ بِعْهُ كَيْفَ شِئْتَ وَ لَا تَحْبِسْهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Once during the times of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, a severe shortage of food took place and the Muslims came to the Messenger of Allah saying, “O Messenger of Allah, food supplies are exhauste

قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا عَمَلُكَ قُلْتُ حَنَّاطٌ وَ رُبَّمَا قَدِمْتُ عَلَى نَفَاقٍ‌[2] وَ رُبَّمَا قَدِمْتُ عَلَى كَسَادٍ فَحَبَسْتُ فَقَالَ فَمَا يَقُولُ مَنْ قِبَلَكَ فِيهِ قُلْتُ يَقُولُونَ مُحْتَكِرٌ فَقَالَ يَبِيعُهُ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُكَ قُلْتُ مَا أَبِيعُ أَنَا مِنْ أَلْفِ جُزْءٍ جُزْءاً قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ وَ كَانَ إِذَا دَخَلَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once asked me, ‘What is your business?’ I replied, ‘It is selling wheat. At times business is good and sometimes it is not good so I hold selling.’ He (the Imam) then asked, ‘What do people who visit you say about it?’ I replied, ‘They say, “He is a hoarder.’” He (the Imam) asked, ‘Does anyone e

قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ قَدْ تَزَيَّدَ السِّعْرُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ كَمْ عِنْدَنَا مِنْ طَعَامٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ عِنْدَنَا مَا يَكْفِيكَ أَشْهُراً كَثِيرَةً قَالَ أَخْرِجْهُ وَ بِعْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ وَ لَيْسَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ طَعَامٌ قَالَ بِعْهُ فَلَمَّا بِعْتُهُ قَالَ اشْتَرِ مَعَ النَّاسِ يَوْماً بِيَوْمٍ وَ قَالَ يَا مُعَتِّبُ اجْعَلْ قُوتَ عِيَالِي نِصْفاً شَعِيراً وَ نِصْفاً حِنْطَةً فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once, when food prices were rising, asked me, ‘How much food do we have?’ I (the narrator) replied, ‘There is enough food for several months.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Take it out to sell.’ I (the narrator) I said, ‘There is not enough food in al-Madinah.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You must sell it.’ Whe

شَكَا قَوْمٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص سُرْعَةَ نَفَادِ طَعَامِهِمْ فَقَالَ تَكِيلُونَ أَوْ تَهِيلُونَ قَالُوا نَهِيلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي الْجِزَافَ قَالَ كِيلُوا وَ لَا تَهِيلُوا فَإِنَّهُ أَعْظَمُ لِلْبَرَكَةِ[2].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A people complained before the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, against quick depletion of their food supplies. He (the Holy Prophet), asked, ’Do you measure or just dump?’ They replied, ’We just dump, O Messe

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ كِيلُوا طَعَامَكُمْ فَإِنَّ الْبَرَكَةَ فِي الطَّعَامِ الْمَكِيلِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Measure your food; blessings come with measured food.’”

شَكَا رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص الْحُرْفَةَ[1] فَقَالَ انْظُرْ بُيُوعاً فَاشْتَرِهَا ثُمَّ بِعْهَا فَمَا رَبِحْتَ فِيهِ فَالْزَمْهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A man once complained before the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, against his deprivation. He (the Holy Prophet) said, ‘Consider selling. You must buy then sell. In whatever merchandise you find profit,

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا يَتَلَقَّى أَحَدُكُمْ تِجَارَةً خَارِجاً مِنَ الْمِصْرِ وَ لَا يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يَرْزُقُ اللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ‌[2].

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘You must not travel to meet the caravan of suppliers out of the city before other buyers. One must not buy for the ones who are not present. Allah grants su

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ لَا تَلَقَّ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَهَى عَنِ التَّلَقِّي قُلْتُ وَ مَا حَدُّ التَّلَقِّي قَالَ مَا دُونَ غَدْوَةٍ أَوْ رَوْحَةٍ قُلْتُ وَ كَمِ الْغَدْوَةُ وَ الرَّوْحَةُ قَالَ أَرْبَعُ فَرَاسِخَ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَ مَا فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ بِتَلَقٍّ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once said, ‘You must not travel to meet the caravan of suppliers out of the city before other buyers; the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited it.’ I then asked, ‘What are its limits?’ He (the Imam) replied,