قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ حَتَّى يَفْتَرِقَا وَ صَاحِبُ الْحَيَوَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Both buyer and seller, each one of them, has the choice to dismiss a deal before they depart each other; and in a deal for an animal the choice to retur
سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ احْتَاجَ إِلَى بَيْعِ دَارِهِ فَمَشَى إِلَى أَخِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِيعُكَ دَارِي هَذِهِ وَ تَكُونُ لَكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لِغَيْرِكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَشْتَرِطَ لِي إِنْ أَنَا جِئْتُكَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ أَنْ تَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهَذَا إِنْ جَاءَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ رَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتْ فِيهَا غ
‘A man asked the Imam (a.s.), when I was present. A Muslim man needed to sell his house and he went to his brother and said. “I want to sell this house to you because I like it to be with you instead of being with others, with one condition that if within a year I come back with money to pay you, return it back to me.’
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الرَّطْبَةِ تُبَاعُ قِطْعَةً أَوْ قِطْعَتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَ قِطَعَاتٍ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قَالَ وَ أَكْثَرْتُ السُّؤَالَ عَنْ أَشْبَاهِ هَذِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ اسْتِحْيَاءً مِنْ كَثْرَةِ مَا سَأَلْتُهُ وَ قَوْلِهِ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِنَّ مَنْ يَلِينَا يُفْسِدُونَ عَلَيْنَا هَذَا كُلَّهُ فَقَالَ أَظُنُّهُمْ سَمِعُوا حَدِيثَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
“I once asked abu Ja’far. ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about al-Ratbah (a grass, cattle feed) which is sold in the form of one, two or three crops. He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no offense in it.’ I asked many such questions and every time he (the Imam) said, ‘There is no offense in it. 5 I then said, ‘May Allah keep you well’ -
سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ شِرَاءِ النَّخْلِ وَ الْكَرْمِ وَ الثِّمَارِ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ يَقُولُ إِنْ لَمْ يُخْرِجْ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ أَخْرَجَ فِي قَابِلٍ وَ إِنِ اشْتَرَيْتَهُ فِي سَنَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَلَا تَشْتَرِهِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ فَإِنِ اشْتَرَيْتَهُ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْلُغَ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الثَّمَرَةَ الْمُسَمَّاةَ مِن
“Someone once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about buying dates, grapes and fruits of three or four years. He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no offense in it. He (the buyer) can say, “If fruits will not grow this year they will do so next year.” If you buy the fruits of one year only then you must not do so until they are ri
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ لِي نَخْلًا بِالْبَصْرَةِ فَأَبِيعُهُ وَ أُسَمِّي الثَّمَنَ وَ أَسْتَثْنِي الْكُرَّ مِنَ التَّمْرِ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ أَوِ الْعِذْقَ مِنَ النَّخْلِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ بَيْعُ السَّنَتَيْنِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ ذَا عِنْدَنَا عَظِيمٌ قَالَ أَمَّا إِنَّكَ إِنْ قُلْتَ ذَاكَ لَقَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَحَلَّ ذَلِكَ فَتَظَالَمُوا فَقَالَ ع
“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I have palm tree fruits in Basrah. I sell them for a certain price excluding one Kur (a certain measurement) of the dates or more or the cluster of dates.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no offense in it.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, wh
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ بَاعَ نَخْلًا قَدْ لَقِحَ فَالثَّمَرَةُ لِلْبَائِعِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِذَلِكَ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one sells palm trees which are pollinated, the fruit then belongs to the seller unless the buyer has stipulated otherwise. This is how the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, judged a case.’”
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص مَنْ بَاعَ نَخْلًا قَدْ أَبَّرَهُ فَثَمَرَتُهُ[3] لِلْبَائِعِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘If one sells palm trees which he has pollinated, its dates belong to the seller unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. Ali (a.s.), then said that this is how the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their
قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّ ثَمَرَ النَّخْلِ لِلَّذِي أَبَّرَهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, had judged that the fruits of the palm trees pollinated belong to the seller unless the buyer stipulates otherwise.”’
قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي أَمُرُّ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ فَيَعْرِضُ عَلَيَّ الطَّعَامَ فَيَقُولُ قَدْ أَصَبْتُ طَعَاماً مِنْ حَاجَتِكَ فَأَقُولُ لَهُ أَخْرِجْهُ أُرْبِحْكَ فِي الْكُرِّ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِذَا أَخْرَجَهُ نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ حَاجَتِي أَخَذْتُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ حَاجَتِي تَرَكْتُهُ قَالَ هَذِهِ الْمُرَاوَضَةُ[1] لَا بَأْسَ بِهَا قُلْتُ فَأَقُولُ لَهُ اعْزِلْ مِنْهُ خَمْسِينَ كُرّاً أَوْ أَقَلَّ
“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that I may pass by a man and he speaks to me about food and says, ‘You have found the kind of foodstuff that you need.’ I then ask him to show me and I will give such and such amount of profit for each kur, but when he shows it to me, I look at it and if I need I take it, if not I
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ أَوْلَاداً صِغَاراً وَ تَرَكَ مَمَالِيكَ غِلْمَاناً وَ جَوَارِيَ وَ لَمْ يُوصِ فَمَا تَرَى فِيمَنْ يَشْتَرِي مِنْهُمُ الْجَارِيَةَ يَتَّخِذُهَا أُمَّ وَلَدٍ وَ مَا تَرَى فِي بَيْعِهِمْ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُمْ وَلِيٌّ يَقُومُ بِأَمْرِهِمْ[1] بَاعَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ نَظَرَ لَهُمْ وَ كَانَ مَأْجُوراً فِيهِمْ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَ
“I once asked abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), about the case of a man who is of my relatives who has left behind small children, slave-boys and slave-girls, and has not made any will. ‘What do you say about one who buys from them a slave-girl for a mother of one’s child and what do you say about selling them?’ He (the Imam
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِسَبْيٍ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغُوا الْجُحْفَةَ نَفِدَتْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ فَبَاعُوا جَارِيَةً مِنَ السَّبْيِ كَانَتْ أُمُّهَا مَعَهُمْ فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص سَمِعَ بُكَاءَهَا فَقَالَ مَا هَذِهِ الْبُكَاءُ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ احْتَجْنَا إِلَى نَفَقَةٍ فَبِعْنَا ابْنَتَهَا فَبَعَثَ بِثَمَنِهَا فَأُتِيَ بِهَا وَ قَالَ بِيعُوهُم
“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Once captives were brought to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, from Yemen. When they arrived at al-Juhfah, their supplies depleted and they sold one girl from the captives whose mother was with
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَخَوَيْنِ مَمْلُوكَيْنِ هَلْ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَ وَلَدِهَا قَالَ لَا هُوَ حَرَامٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يُرِيدُوا ذَلِكَ.
“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of two slaves who are brothers; if they can be separated from each other or a woman slave, if she can be separated from her children. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not lawful unless they want it.’”
فَذَهَبَ لِتَقُومَ فِي بَعْضِ الْحَاجَةِ فَقَالَتْ يَا أُمَّاهْ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ لَكِ أُمٌّ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا فَرُدَّتْ فَقَالَ مَا آمَنْتُ لَوْ حَبَسْتُهَا أَنْ أَرَى فِي وُلْدِي مَا أَكْرَهُ.
“I once bought a slave-girl from al-Kufah for abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He then went so she can do a certain task. She said, ‘O mother!’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked, ‘Do you have a mother?’ She replied, ‘Yes, I have a mother.’ He (the Imam) commanded to return her and said, ‘On keeping her I did not feel safe from seeing
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْجَارِيَةُ الصَّغِيرَةُ يَشْتَرِيهَا الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ قَدِ اسْتَغْنَتْ عَنْ أَبَوَيْهَا فَلَا بَأْسَ.
“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if one can buy a small slave-girl. He (the Imam) said, ‘If she is independent of her parents, it is not unlawful.’”
فِي الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الْغُلَامَ أَوِ الْجَارِيَةَ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ أَوْ أُخْتٌ أَوْ أَبٌ أَوْ أُمٌّ بِمِصْرٍ مِنَ الْأَمْصَارِ قَالَ لَا يُخْرِجْهُ إِلَى مِصْرٍ آخَرَ إِنْ كَانَ صَغِيراً وَ لَا يَشْتَرِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أُمٌّ فَطَابَتْ نَفْسُهَا وَ نَفْسُهُ فَاشْتَرِهِ إِنْ شِئْتَ.
“Regarding a man who buys a slave-girl or a slave boy who has a brother or sister, or a father or mother in a city of the cities, he must not take such slave out of that city to another city if the slave is a minor, and must not buy such slaves but if the slave has a mother who agrees as well as the slave, then you can
سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ إِنَّ أَخِي يَخْتَلِفُ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ يَجْلِبُ الْغَنَمَ فَيُسْلِمُ فِي الْغَنَمِ فِي أَسْنَانٍ مَعْلُومَةٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَيُعْطِي الرَّبَاعَ مَكَانَ الثَّنِيِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ بِطِيبَةِ نَفْسٍ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
‘My brother comes from and goes to the mountains, milks sheep of known age for an appointed time; then he is given four years old in place of three years old.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘Is it with fine consent of his party?’ he replied, ‘Yes, it is so.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”
إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَهَى عَنِ الْقِرْدِ أَنْ تُشْتَرَى أَوْ تُبَاعَ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited buying and selling of monkeys.’”
لَا يَصْلُحُ ثَمَنُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ أَهْدَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رَاوِيَتَيْنِ مِنْ خَمْرٍ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَأُهَرِيقَتَا وَ قَالَ إِنَّ الَّذِي حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا حَرَّمَ ثَمَنَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ خِصَالِ هَذِهِ الَّتِي بَاعَهَا الْغُلَامُ أَنْ يُتَصَدَّقَ بِثَمَنِهَا[3].
“About the case of a man who has a slave whom he has left at a vineyard to sell grapes or juice, but the slave goes and squeezes wine and sells it, abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ’The price received is not useable.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Once a man from Thaqif presented to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ هَلَكَ أَخُوهُ وَ تَرَكَ صُنْدُوقاً فِيهِ رُهُونٌ بَعْضُهَا عَلَيْهِ اسْمُ صَاحِبِهِ وَ بِكَمْ هُوَ رُهِنَ وَ بَعْضُهَا لَا يُدْرَى لِمَنْ هُوَ وَ لَا بِكَمْ هُوَ رُهِنَ فَمَا تَرَى فِي هَذَا الَّذِي لَا يُعْرَفُ صَاحِبُهُ فَقَالَ هُوَ كَمَالِهِ.
about the case of a man whose brother had died and left a box in which there were al-Rahn (security deposit) goods, of which certain ones had the name of the owner on them and others did not have any names on them and for how much they were left as al- Rahn (security deposit), and what do you say about that with an unk
سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ فَاسْتَعَارَ مِنْهُ سَبْعِينَ دِرْعاً بِأَطْرَاقِهَا[1] قَالَ فَقَالَ أَ غَصْباً يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص بَلْ عَارِيَّةٌ مَضْمُونَةٌ.
“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, sent a message to Safwan ibn ‘Umayyah asking him to borrow seventy pieces of coats of arms with their helmets. He asked, ‘Is it forcibly, O Muhammad?’ T
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَمَّا يُكْنَسُ مِنَ التُّرَابِ فَأَبِيعُهُ فَمَا أَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِهِ فَإِمَّا لَكَ وَ إِمَّا لِأَهْلِهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ ذَهَباً وَ فِضَّةً وَ حَدِيداً فَبِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ أَبِيعُهُ قَالَ بِعْهُ بِطَعَامٍ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ لِي قَرَابَةٌ مُحْتَاجٌ أُعْطِيهِ مِنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ[2].
“I (jewelry maker) once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about what was swept from the soil (in his shop) and I sold it and what to do about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘Give it as charity; it is your thing or that of your family.’ I then said, ‘There is gold, silver and iron in it. How should I sell?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Sel
إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ الثَّنِيُّ فَيُعْطِي الرَّبَاعَ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, whenever owing something to someone would pay back heavier.’”
كُنْتُ حَمَلْتُ مَعِي مَتَاعاً إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَبَارَ عَلَيَّ فَدَخَلْتُ بِهِ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي حَمَلْتُ مَتَاعاً قَدْ بَارَ عَلَيَّ وَ قَدْ عَزَمْتُ عَلَى أَنْ أَصِيرَ إِلَى مِصْرَ فَأَرْكَبُ بَرّاً أَوْ بَحْراً فَقَالَ مِصْرُ الْحُتُوفِ يُقَيَّضُ[2] لَهَا أَقْصَرُ النَّاسِ أَعْمَاراً وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا أَجْمَلَ فِي الطَّلَبِ مَنْ رَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ ثُمَّ ق
“I had carried goods with me to Makkah. I faced severe competition there so I went to visit abu al- Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), and told him (the Imam) that I had carried goods to Makkah but I faced competition and I decided to travel to Egypt. Should I travel by land or by sea? He (the Imam) said, ’Egypt is destructive.
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ السَّعَادَةِ الزَّوْجَةُ الْمُؤَاتِيَةُ[1] وَ الْأَوْلَادُ الْبَارُّونَ وَ الرَّجُلُ يُرْزَقُ مَعِيشَتَهُ بِبَلَدِهِ يَغْدُو إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَ يَرُوحُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Three factors help a man enjoy good fortune: One is a cooperating wife, virtuous and kind children, and he finds his living where he lives and is present in his family every morning and evenings.’”
مَرَّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِنَاسٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ هُمْ يَحْرُثُونَ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ احْرُثُوا فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ يُنْبِتُ اللَّهُ بِالرِّيحِ كَمَا يُنْبِتُ بِالْمَطَرِ قَالَ فَحَرَثُوا فَجَادَتْ زُرُوعُهُمْ[1].
“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), once passed by a people of al-Ansar who were farming and he (the Imam) said to them, ‘Continue farming; the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, “Allah causes it to grow by wind as He does so by water.’” The
أَنَّ أَبَاهُ ع حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَعْطَى خَيْبَرَ بِالنِّصْفِ أَرْضَهَا وَ نَخْلَهَا فَلَمَّا أَدْرَكَتِ الثَّمَرَةُ بَعَثَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ فَقَوَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ قِيمَةً فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِمَّا أَنْ تَأْخُذُوهُ وَ تُعْطُونِي نِصْفَ الثَّمَنِ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ أُعْطِيَكُمْ نِصْفَ الثَّمَنِ وَ آخُذَهُ فَقَالُوا بِهَذَا[3] قَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ.
“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), informed me that his father (a.s.), has narrated that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, gave the land of Khaybar and its palm trees for half. When fruits ripened he (the Messenger of Allah) delegated ‘Abd Allah
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص لَمَّا افْتَتَحَ خَيْبَرَ تَرَكَهَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ عَلَى النِّصْفِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَتِ الثَّمَرَةُ بَعَثَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَخَرَصَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَجَاءُوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالُوا لَهُ إِنَّهُ قَدْ زَادَ عَلَيْنَا فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ مَا يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ قَالَ قَدْ خَرَصْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِشَيْءٍ فَإِنْ شَاءُوا يَأ
‘When the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, liberated Khaybar he left it in their hand for half. When fruits ripened he (the Messenger of Allah) delegated ‘Abd Allah ibn Rawahah who estimated the value and they came to the Holy Prophet, and said
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ الْأَرْضُ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْخَرَاجِ فَيَدْفَعُهَا إِلَى الرَّجُلِ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْمُرَهَا وَ يُصْلِحَهَا وَ يُؤَدِّيَ خَرَاجَهَا وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ فَضْلٍ فَهُوَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ أَرْضَهُ وَ فِيهَا رُمَّانٌ أَوْ نَخْلٌ أَوْ فَاكِهَةٌ فَيَقُولُ اسْقِ هَذَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ وَ اعْمُرْهُ وَ لَكَ نِصْفُ مَا أُخْرِجَ قَالَ لَا
“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who had a land of al-Kharaj (of government) which he had given to a man to develop, pay its taxes and the extra of its produce were to be shared by the two of them. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’ I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَ الْمُزَابَنَةِ[2] قُلْتُ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ حَمْلَ النَّخْلِ بِالتَّمْرِ وَ الزَّرْعَ بِالْحِنْطَةِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited al- Muhaqalah and al-Muzabanah .’ I then asked, ‘What are they?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is selling what a palm tree has just conceived in exchange for
رَخَّصَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْعَرَايَا بِأَنْ تُشْتَرَى بِخِرْصِهَا تَمْراً وَ قَالَ الْعَرَايَا جَمْعُ عَرِيَّةٍ وَ هِيَ النَّخْلَةُ تَكُونُ لِلرَّجُلِ فِي دَارِ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ فَيَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا بِخِرْصِهَا تَمْراً وَ لَا يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ فِي غَيْرِهِ.
Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, granted permission for the sale of al-‘Ara’ya ’ by estimating it as dates. Al-‘Ara’ya’ is a palm tree that belongs to someone but it is in other person’s house, in
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ الْمُسْلِمِ تَكُونُ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ فِيهَا جَبَلٌ مِمَّا يُبَاعُ يَأْتِيهِ أَخُوهُ الْمُسْلِمُ وَ لَهُ غَنَمٌ قَدِ احْتَاجَ إِلَى جَبَلٍ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ الْجَبَلَ كَمَا يَبِيعُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ أَوْ يَمْنَعَهُ مِنَ الْجَبَلِ إِنْ طَلَبَهُ بِغَيْرِ ثَمَنٍ وَ كَيْفَ حَالُهُ فِيهِ وَ مَا يَأْخُذُهُ قَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ لَهُ بَيْعُ جَبَلِهِ مِنْ أَخِيهِ لِأَنَّ الْجَبَلَ لَيْسَ جَبَلَهُ إ
“Regarding my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who is Muslim and has an asset in the mountains which is sold and his Muslim brother comes who has sheep and needs a mountain, if it is lawful to sell the mountain as he sells to others or deny him use of the mountain if he asks without payme
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْكَلَإِ وَ الْمَرَاعِي فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قَدْ حَمَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص النَّقِيعَ لِخَيْلِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ[2].
‘It is not unlawful, the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, had reserved al-Naqi‘ (name of a place) for the horses of the Muslims.’”
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- عَنِ النِّطَافِ وَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ قَالَ وَ الْأَرْبِعَاءُ أَنْ يُسَنَّى مُسَنَّاةٌ[3] فَيُحْمَلَ الْمَاءَ فَيُسْتَقَى بِهِ الْأَرْضَ ثُمَّ يُسْتَغْنَى عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَا تَبِعْهُ وَ لَكِنْ أَعِرْهُ جَارَكَ وَ النِّطَافُ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ الشِّرْبُ فَيَسْتَغْنِيَ عَنْهُ فَيَقُولُ لَا تَبِعْهُ وَ لَكِنْ أَعِرْهُ أَخَاكَ أَوْ جَارَكَ[1].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited al-Nitaf and al-Arbi‘a’. He said, ‘Al-Arbi‘a’ is constructing, something as a dam, to hold water to water the land, then he stands free of need for such
قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي سَيْلِ وَادِي مَهْزُورٍ أَنْ يُحْبَسَ الْأَعْلَى عَلَى الْأَسْفَلِ لِلنَّخْلِ إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِ وَ لِلزَّرْعِ إِلَى الشِّرَاكَيْنِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, issued a judgment about the flood water of valley of Mahzur by which those of higher area could hold water for palm trees up to the anklebones and for plantation u
قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي سَيْلِ وَادِي مَهْزُورٍ لِلنَّخْلِ إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِ وَ لِأَهْلِ الزَّرْعِ إِلَى الشِّرَاكَيْنِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, issued a judgment about the flood water of valley of Mahzur for palm trees up to the anklebones and for plantation up to shoelaces.”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَحْيَا مَوَاتاً فَهُوَ لَهُ.
Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘One who revives a barren (dead) land, it becomes his land.”’
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَحْيَا مَوَاتاً فَهُوَ لَهُ.
“Abu Ja‘far, and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, have said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Whoever revives a barren (dead) land, it becomes his land.’”
وَجَدْنَا فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُها مَنْ يَشاءُ مِنْ عِبادِهِ وَ الْعاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ أَنَا وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِيَ الَّذِينَ أَوْرَثَنَا الْأَرْضَ وَ نَحْنُ الْمُتَّقُونَ وَ الْأَرْضُ كُلُّهَا لَنَا فَمَنْ أَحْيَا أَرْضاً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلْيَعْمُرْهَا وَ لْيُؤَدِّ خَرَاجَهَا إِلَى الْإِمَامِ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَ لَهُ مَا أَكَلَ مِنْهَا فَإِنْ تَرَكَهَا أَوْ أَخْرَبَهَا فَأَخَ
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘We have found in the book of Ali (a.s.), that the land belongs to Allah which He makes whomever of His servant He wants to inherit; and the end result is in favor of the pious people. We and the people of the House have inherited the earth and we are the pious ones. All of the earth belon
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ غَرَسَ شَجَراً أَوْ حَفَرَ وَادِياً بَدْءاً لَمْ يَسْبِقْهُ إِلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ وَ أَحْيَا أَرْضاً مَيْتَةً فَهِيَ لَهُ قَضَاءً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ ص.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Whoever plants a tree or digs a valley as the first one before anyone else and revives a land which is barren (dead), it becomes his land from Allah and
قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالشُّفْعَةِ بَيْنَ الشُّرَكَاءِ فِي الْأَرَضِينَ وَ الْمَسَاكِنِ وَ قَالَ لَا ضَرَرَ وَ لَا ضِرَارَ وَ قَالَ إِذَا رُفَّتِ الْأُرَفُ وَ حُدَّتِ الْحُدُودُ فَلَا شُفْعَةَ[2].
Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, issued a judgment in favor of al- Shuf’ (one’s rights of pre-emption) in the case of partners in the ownership of land and houses, saying, “Harming and causing harm be
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ وَصَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- عَلِيّاً ع عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ لَا يُظْلَمُ الْفَلَّاحُونَ بِحَضْرَتِكَ وَ لَا يَزْدَادُ عَلَى أَرْضٍ وَضَعْتَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَا سُخْرَةَ عَلَى مُسْلِمٍ يَعْنِي الْأَجِيرَ[3].
The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, said, when he was about to leave this world to Ali (a.s.), “O Ali, you must not allow that farmers be oppressed before you; and you must not allow taxes on land to increase and you must not allow free
اشْتَرَيْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جَارِيَةً فَلَمَّا ذَهَبْتُ أَنْقُدُهُمُ الدَّرَاهِمَ قُلْتُ أَسْتَحِطُّهُمْ قَالَ لَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَهَى عَنِ الِاسْتِحْطَاطِ بَعْدَ الصَّفْقَةِ[3].
“I once bought a slave-girl for abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), and went to get dirhams and I asked him (the Imam), ‘Can I ask to reduce the price ? 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘No, because the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited asking for red
أَتَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِجَارِيَةٍ أَعْرِضُهَا فَجَعَلَ يُسَاوِمُنِي وَ أُسَاوِمُهُ ثُمَّ بِعْتُهَا إِيَّاهُ فَضَمَّ عَلَى يَدِي قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّمَا سَاوَمْتُكَ لِأَنْظُرَ الْمُسَاوَمَةُ تَنْبَغِي أَوْ لَا تَنْبَغِي وَ قُلْتُ قَدْ حَطَطْتُ عَنْكَ عَشَرَةَ دَنَانِيرَ فَقَالَ هَيْهَاتَ أَلَّا كَانَ هَذَا قَبْلَ الضَّمَّةِ أَ مَا بَلَغَكَ قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ ص الْوَضِيعَةُ بَعْدَ الضَّمَّةِ حَرَامٌ[
“I once took a slave-girl to abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam. He (the Imam) bargained and I also bargained very hard. I then sold her to him (the Imam) and he (the Imam) shook my hand and I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I bargained hard to see if it was permissible or not and I said,
إِنَّ سَمُرَةَ بْنَ جُنْدَبٍ كَانَ لَهُ عَذْقٌ[2] فِي حَائِطٍ لِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ كَانَ مَنْزِلُ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ بِبَابِ الْبُسْتَانِ وَ كَانَ يَمُرُّ بِهِ إِلَى نَخْلَتِهِ وَ لَا يَسْتَأْذِنُ فَكَلَّمَهُ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ أَنْ يَسْتَأْذِنَ إِذَا جَاءَ فَأَبَى سَمُرَةُ فَلَمَّا تَأَبَّى جَاءَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ وَ خَبَّرَهُ الْخَبَرَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Samrah ibn Jundab had a fruit bearing palm tree in the garden of another man from al-Ansar whose house was at the door of the garden and he (Samrah) would pass by when going to his palm tree without permission. The man from al-Ansar spoke to him and asked him to ask for permission wheneve
كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع رَجُلٌ كَانَتْ لَهُ قَنَاةٌ فِي قَرْيَةٍ فَأَرَادَ رَجُلٌ أَنْ يَحْفِرَ قَنَاةً أُخْرَى إِلَى قَرْيَةٍ لَهُ كَمْ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي الْبُعْدِ حَتَّى لَا يُضِرَّ بِالْأُخْرَى فِي الْأَرْضِ إِذَا كَانَتْ صُلْبَةً أَوْ رِخْوَةً فَوَقَّعَ ع عَلَى حَسَبِ أَنْ لَا يُضِرَّ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِالْأُخْرَى إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ قَالَ وَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ ع رَجُلٌ كَانَتْ لَهُ رَحًى عَلَى نَهَرِ قَ
He (the Imam) signed the answer that said, ‘It is according to a measure that does not cause one to harm the other, by the will of Allah.’ I wrote to him (the Imam) (a.s.), about a man who had a flour mill on the canal of a village that belonged to a man and the owner of the village wanted to divert the water to his vi
إِنَّ سَمُرَةَ بْنَ جُنْدَبٍ كَانَ لَهُ عَذْقٌ وَ كَانَ طَرِيقُهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي جَوْفِ مَنْزِلِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَكَانَ يَجِيءُ وَ يَدْخُلُ إِلَى عَذْقِهِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ يَا سَمُرَةُ لَا تَزَالُ تُفَاجِئُنَا عَلَى حَالٍ لَا نُحِبُّ أَنْ تُفَاجِئَنَا عَلَيْهَا فَإِذَا دَخَلْتَ فَاسْتَأْذِنْ فَقَالَ لَا أَسْتَأْذِنُ فِي طَرِيقٍ وَ هُوَ طَرِيقِي إِلَى عَذْقِي ق
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Samrah ibn Jundab had a fruit bearing palm tree and his path way was through the inside section of the house of a man from al-Ansar. He would come and enter to go to his palm tree without permission. The man from al-Ansar said to him, ‘O Samrah, you continue to take us off guard in a cond
قَضَى النَّبِيُّ ص فِي رَجُلٍ بَاعَ نَخْلًا وَ اسْتَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ نَخْلَةً فَقَضَى لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالْمَدْخَلِ إِلَيْهَا وَ الْمَخْرَجِ مِنْهَا وَ مَدَى جَرَائِدِهَا[1].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, issued a judgment, in the case of a man who sold a garden with the exception of one tree, that gave it a path to go to and come out and for its twigs.’”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا بَيْنَ بِئْرِ الْمَعْطِنِ إِلَى بِئْرِ الْمَعْطِنِ أَرْبَعُونَ ذِرَاعاً وَ مَا بَيْنَ بِئْرِ النَّاضِحِ إِلَى بِئْرِ النَّاضِحِ سِتُّونَ ذِرَاعاً وَ مَا بَيْنَ الْعَيْنِ إِلَى الْعَيْنِ خَمْسُمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ وَ الطَّرِيقُ إِذَا تَشَاحَّ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلُهُ فَحَدُّهُ سَبْعَةُ أَذْرُعٍ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, assigned the distance between two wells for drinking water to be forty Dhira‘ (arms length) and between two irrigating wells sixty Dhira‘ and between two water fou
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَضَى فِي هَوَائِرِ[4] النَّخْلِ أَنْ تَكُونَ النَّخْلَةُ وَ النَّخْلَتَانِ لِلرَّجُلِ فِي حَائِطِ الْآخَرِ فَيَخْتَلِفُونَ فِي حُقُوقِ ذَلِكَ فَقَضَى فِيهَا أَنَّ لِكُلِّ نَخْلَةٍ مِنْ أُولَئِكَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ مَبْلَغَ جَرِيدَةٍ مِنْ جَرَائِدِهَا حِينَ بُعْدِهَا.
“The Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, issued a judgment about the size of the area around one or two palm trees that a man may have in a garden which is disputed for each tree to be an area covered by its longest branch or twig.’”
مَا بَيْنَ بِئْرِ الْمَعْطِنِ إِلَى بِئْرِ الْمَعْطِنِ أَرْبَعُونَ ذِرَاعاً وَ مَا بَيْنَ بِئْرِ النَّاضِحِ إِلَى بِئْرِ النَّاضِحِ سِتُّونَ ذِرَاعاً وَ مَا بَيْنَ الْعَيْنِ إِلَى الْعَيْنِ يَعْنِي الْقَنَاةَ خَمْسُمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ وَ الطَّرِيقُ يَتَشَاحُّ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلُهُ فَحَدُّهُ سَبْعَةُ أَذْرُعٍ.
Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, assigned the distance between two wells for drinking water to be forty Dhira‘ (arms length) and between two irrigating wells sixty Dhira‘ and between two water foun