Marriage

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً أَنَّهُمَا يَتَوَارَثَانِ إِذَا لَمْ يَشْتَرِطَا وَ إِنَّمَا الشَّرْطُ بَعْدَ النِّكَاحِ.

“I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), saying, about the case of a man who marries in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) ‘They inherit each other if they do not set a condition because condition is effective after marriage.’”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِذَا اشْتَرَطْتَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ شُرُوطَ الْمُتْعَةِ فَرَضِيَتْ بِهَا وَ أَوْجَبَتِ التَّزْوِيجَ فَارْدُدْ عَلَيْهَا شَرْطَكَ الْأَوَّلَ بَعْدَ النِّكَاحِ فَإِنْ أَجَازَتْهُ جَازَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُجِزْهُ فَلَا يَجُوزُ عَلَيْهَا مَا كَانَ مِنَ الشَّرْطِ قَبْلَ النِّكَاحِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you settle the conditions of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) with a woman and she agrees, marriage becomes binding; you can bring your prior condition after marriage, if she agrees it is permissible; if she does not agree it does not apply effectively to her; it was before marr

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَمِ الْمَهْرُ يَعْنِي فِي الْمُتْعَةِ قَالَ مَا تَرَاضَيَا عَلَيْهِ إِلَى مَا شَاءَ مِنَ الْأَجَلِ.

“In response to my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about how much mahr (dower) is - in al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage), he (the Imam) said, ‘It is whatever they agree on, up to the time they want.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَدْنَى مَا يَتَزَوَّجُ بِهِ الْمُتْعَةَ قَالَ كَفٌّ مِنْ بُرٍّ.

‘It can be a handful of wheat.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ مُتْعَةِ النِّسَاءِ قَالَ حَلَالٌ وَ إِنَّهُ يُجْزِئُ فِيهِ الدِّرْهَمُ فَمَا فَوْقَهُ.

‘It is lawful and one dirham or more is enough (as mahr (dower)).”’

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ أَدْنَى مَهْرِ الْمُتْعَةِ مَا هُوَ قَالَ كَفٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ دَقِيقٍ أَوْ سَوِيقٍ أَوْ تَمْرٍ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about mahr (dower) in al- Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) and that what it is? He (the Imam) said, ‘It can be a handful of food items, wheat flour, or fine flour or dates.’”

أَدْنَى مَا تَحِلُّ بِهِ الْمُتْعَةُ كَفٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ رَوَى بَعْضُهُمْ مِسْوَاكٌ.

‘The minimum amount of mahr (dower) in al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) can be even a handful of food.’ Certain ones of them have narrated that even a Miswak (toothbrush) is acceptable.”

إِنْ كَانَتْ تَحِيضُ فَحَيْضَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَا تَحِيضُ فَشَهْرٌ وَ نِصْفٌ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Waiting period in al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) is one cycle of Hayd (menses) if she experiences Hayd (menses); and if she does not experience Hayd (menses) then it is one and a half month.’”

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ عِدَّةُ الْمُتْعَةِ خَمْسَةٌ وَ أَرْبَعُونَ يَوْماً وَ الِاحْتِيَاطُ خَمْسٌ وَ أَرْبَعُونَ لَيْلَةً.

“Abu al-Hassan al-Rida’ has said that abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Waiting period for al- Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) is forty five days and because of precaution it is forty five nights.’”

عِدَّةُ الْمُتْعَةِ خَمْسَةٌ وَ أَرْبَعُونَ يَوْماً كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع يَعْقِدُ بِيَدِهِ خَمْسَةً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ فَإِذَا جَازَ الْأَجَلُ كَانَتْ فُرْقَةٌ بِغَيْرِ طَلَاقٍ.

“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘Waiting period of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) is forty five days. It is as if I see my father count it on his fingers as forty-five and when this time passes separation between them takes place without divorce.’”

لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تَزِيدَكَ وَ تَزِيدَهَا إِذَا انْقَطَعَ الْأَجَلُ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمَا تَقُولُ اسْتَحْلَلْتُكِ بِأَجَلٍ آخَرَ بِرِضاً مِنْهَا وَ لَا يَحِلُّ ذَلِكَ لِغَيْرِكَ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا.

‘I have made you lawful to myself up to another period of time with your agreement’ and this is not lawful for anyone other than you until it expires.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً فَيَتَزَوَّجُهَا عَلَى شَهْرٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي قَلْبِهِ فَيُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ شَرْطُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ شَهْرٍ فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَزِيدَهَا فِي أَجْرِهَا وَ يَزْدَادَ فِي الْأَيَّامِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ أَيَّامُهُ الَّتِي شَرَطَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ لَا لَا يَجُوزُ شَرْطَانِ فِي شَرْطٍ[1] قُلْتُ فَكَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَال

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) for the duration of one month. Then it comes to his heart and he likes to have a condition for more than a month; if it is permissible to increase in her mahr (dow

إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً كَانَ عَلَيْهَا عِدَّةٌ لِغَيْرِهِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ هُوَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهُ عِدَّةٌ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا إِذَا شَاءَ.

“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘If a woman marries a man in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) she must complete waiting period for others. However, if the same man wants to marry her again because of him she does not need to complete a waiting period, so she can marry him in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (adv

يُشَارِطُهَا مَا شَاءَ مِنَ الْأَيَّامِ.

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He can arrange for a mutual agreement with her for any number of days they want.’”

قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ مُتْعَةً سَنَةً أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ شَيْئاً مَعْلُوماً إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ تَبِينُ بِغَيْرِ طَلَاقٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

“In response to my question before al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) for one year or less or more, he (the Imam) said, ‘It is permissible if it is a known matter for a known number of days.’ I then asked if it terminates without divorce. He (the Imam

قُلْتُ لَهُ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَتَمَتَّعَ الرَّجُلُ بِالْمَرْأَةِ سَاعَةً أَوْ سَاعَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ السَّاعَةُ وَ السَّاعَتَانِ لَا يُوقَفُ عَلَى حَدِّهِمَا[2] وَ لَكِنَّ الْعَرْدَ وَ الْعَرْدَيْنِ وَ الْيَوْمَ وَ الْيَوْمَيْنِ وَ اللَّيْلَةَ وَ أَشْبَاهَ ذَلِكَ.

“Concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) for Sa‘ah or Sa‘ahtayn (one or two hours in the sense of the word before the invention of time clock). He (the Imam) said, ‘Sa‘ah or Sa‘ahtayn are not definite, however, t

أَرْسَلْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع كَمْ أَدْنَى أَجَلِ الْمُتْعَةِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَتَمَتَّعَ الرَّجُلُ بِشَرْطِ مَرَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

“I once sent (a message) to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), and asked, ‘How much is the minimum duration of time in al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) and if it is permissible to set the time for only one time going to bed. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is permissible.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ عَلَى عَرْدٍ وَاحِدٍ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ وَ لَكِنْ إِذَا فَرَغَ فَلْيُحَوِّلْ وَجْهَهُ وَ لَا يَنْظُرْ.

‘It is permissible, however, when the specified time ends he must turn his face away and must not look.’”

قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمُتْعَةَ وَ يَنْقَضِي شَرْطُهَا ثُمَّ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا رَجُلٌ آخَرُ حَتَّى بَانَتْ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا الْأَوَّلُ حَتَّى بَانَتْ مِنْهُ ثَلَاثاً وَ تَزَوَّجَتْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ يَحِلُّ لِلْأَوَّلِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ كَمْ شَاءَ لَيْسَ هَذِهِ مِثْلَ الْحُرَّةِ هَذِهِ مُسْتَأْجَرَةٌ وَ هِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْإِمَاءِ.

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), saying, ‘May I be sacrificed for you, a man marries a woman temporarily (through mut'ah) and its appointed time expires, then another man marries her until she becomes a stranger to him, then the first man marries her and she becomes stranger to him and this takes place three times and

لَا بَأْسَ يَتَمَتَّعُ مِنْهَا مَا شَاءَ.

“About the case of a man who marries a woman in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) many times, abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not unlawful, he can marry her in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) as many times as he wants.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ شَهْراً فَتُرِيدُ مِنِّي الْمَهْرَ كَمَلًا وَ أَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ تُخْلِفَنِي فَقَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ تَحْبِسَ مَا قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنْ هِيَ‌ أَخْلَفَتْكَ فَخُذْ مِنْهَا بِقَدْرِ مَا تُخْلِفُكَ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about if I marry a woman for one month and she wants all of the mahr (dower) from me, but I am afraid of her acting against me. He (the Imam) said, ‘You cannot withhold the mahr (dower) that is set but when she acts against the terms of marriage then you ca

إِذَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنَ الْمَهْرِ وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ لَهَا زَوْجاً فَمَا أَخَذَتْهُ فَلَهَا بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا[1] وَ يَحْبِسُ عَنْهَا مَا بَقِيَ عِنْدَهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If something of mahr (dower) remains due on him and he learns that she has a husband, then what she has received belongs to her because of its making his going to bed with her lawful and he can withhold the remaining of mahr (dower).”’

قُلْتُ لَهُ أَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ شَهْراً فَأَحْبِسُ عَنْهَا شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ خُذْ مِنْهَا بِقَدْرِ مَا تُخْلِفُكَ إِنْ كَانَ نِصْفَ شَهْرٍ فَالنِّصْفَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ ثُلُثاً فَالثُّلُثَ. - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مِثْلَهُ.

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I marry a woman for one month and withhold a certain amount from her mahr (dower). He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so for what is equal to her violation of the condition. If the violation is half of the month you can withhold one-half, if it is one-third then withhold one-th

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً تَشْتَرِطُ لَهُ أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ حَتَّى تُوَفِّيَهُ شَرْطَهُ أَوْ تَشْتَرِطُ أَيَّاماً مَعْلُومَةً تَأْتِيهِ فِيهَا فَتَغْدِرُ بِهِ فَلَا تَأْتِيهِ عَلَى مَا شَرَطَهُ عَلَيْهَا فَهَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يُحَاسِبَهَا عَلَى مَا لَمْ تَأْتِهِ مِنَ الْأَيَّامِ فَيَحْبِسَ عَنْهَا مِنْ مَهْرِهَا بِحِسَابِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَنْظُرُ مَا قَطَ

“About the case of a man who marries a woman in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) with the condition that she must come to him every day to comply with the condition, or sets a condition to come to him in certain days; but she asks to be excused and does not come to comply with the condition; if it is pro

كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ‌ الرَّيَّانُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ يَعْنِي أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع‌ الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً بِمَهْرٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ- وَ أَعْطَاهَا بَعْضَ مَهْرِهَا وَ أَخَّرَتْهُ بِالْبَاقِي ثُمَّ دَخَلَ بِهَا وَ عَلِمَ بَعْدَ دُخُولِهِ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُوَفِّيَهَا بَاقِيَ مَهْرِهَا أَنَّمَا زَوَّجَتْهُ نَفْسَهَا وَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ مُقِيمٌ مَعَهَا أَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ حَبْسُ بَاقِي مَهْرِهَا أَمْ لَا يَجُوزُ فَ

“Al-Rayyan ibn Shabib wrote to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), asking about a man who marries in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) for a certain amount of mahr (dower) for a certain number of days, pays her a part of her mahr (dower) and withholds the rest, then he goes to bed with her and before paying her the res

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي أَكُونُ فِي بَعْضِ الطُّرُقَاتِ فَأَرَى الْمَرْأَةَ الْحَسْنَاءَ وَ لَا آمَنُ أَنْ تَكُونَ ذَاتَ بَعْلٍ أَوْ مِنَ الْعَوَاهِرِ قَالَ لَيْسَ هَذَا عَلَيْكَ إِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تُصَدِّقَهَا فِي نَفْسِهَا.

‘It is not your responsibility; you can accept her words.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَلْقَى الْمَرْأَةَ بِالْفَلَاةِ الَّتِي لَيْسَ فِيهَا أَحَدٌ فَأَقُولُ لَهَا هَلْ لَكِ زَوْجٌ فَتَقُولُ لَا فَأَتَزَوَّجُهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ هِيَ الْمُصَدَّقَةُ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا.

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I may find a woman in the wilderness where she has no one and I ask her if she has a husband. She says that she does not have a husband; if I can marry her. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so; her words are accepted.’”

فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْبِكْرَ مُتْعَةً قَالَ يُكْرَهُ لِلْعَيْبِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا[1].

“About the case of a man who marries a virgin in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage), abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is detestable because of disgrace to her family.”’

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَتَمَتَّعَ بِالْبِكْرِ مَا لَمْ يُفْضِ إِلَيْهَا مَخَافَةَ كَرَاهِيَةِ الْعَيْبِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا.

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Marriage with a virgin in the manner of al- Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) is permissible only if fear of disgrace to her family will not affect her.’”

لَا بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يَفْتَضَّهَا[1].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a virgin in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is permissible if he does not destroy her virginity.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَمَتَّعُ مِنَ الْجَارِيَةِ الْبِكْرِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ مَا لَمْ يَسْتَصْغِرْهَا[2].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a virgin girl through mut‘ah. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful as long as she is not under age (or it does cause her humiliation).”’

قُلْتُ الْجَارِيَةُ ابْنَةُ كَمْ لَا تُسْتَصْبَى ابْنَةُ سِتٍّ أَوْ سَبْعٍ فَقَالَ لَا ابْنَةُ تِسْعٍ لَا تُسْتَصْبَى وَ أَجْمَعُوا كُلُّهُمْ عَلَى أَنَّ ابْنَةَ تِسْعٍ لَا تُسْتَصْبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي عَقْلِهَا ضَعْفٌ وَ إِلَّا فَهِيَ إِذَا بَلَغَتْ تِسْعاً فَقَدْ بَلَغَتْ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘When is a girl not considered a child? Is it a girl who is six or seven years old?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, a nine-year-old girl is not considered a child and all of them are unanimous that a girl who is nine years old is not considered a child unless there is weakness in her reas

لَا يُتَمَتَّعُ بِالْأَمَةِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ أَهْلِهَا[3].

“Abu al-Hassan al-Rida’ (a.s.), has said, ‘Marriage in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) is not permissible with a slave-girl without the permission of her people.’”

لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ الْأَمَةَ مُتْعَةً بِإِذْنِ مَوْلَاهَا.

‘It is not unlawful to marry a slave-girl in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) by the permission of her master.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع هَلْ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَتَمَتَّعَ مِنَ الْمَمْلُوكَةِ بِإِذْنِ أَهْلِهَا وَ لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ حُرَّةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِذَا رَضِيَتِ الْحُرَّةُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَذِنَتِ الْحُرَّةُ يَتَمَتَّعُ مِنْهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ. وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُتَمَتَّعَ بِالْأَمَةِ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ[4].

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), ‘A man has a free wife; if he can marry a slave-girl in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) by the permission of her master.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so.’ It also is narrated that marriage of a slave-girl in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) when

لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَتَمَتَّعَ الرَّجُلُ بِأَمَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ[1] فَأَمَّا أَمَةُ الرَّجُلِ فَلَا يَتَمَتَّعْ بِهَا إِلَّا بِأَمْرِهِ.

‘It is not unlawful for one to marry in the manner of al- Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) the slave-girl of a woman but if the master is a man then al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) with her is not permissible without the permission of her master.’”

قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ حَبِلَتْ قَالَ هُوَ وَلَدُهُ.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘A woman gives birth because of marriage in the form of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage).’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The child is his child.’”

الْمَاءُ مَاءُ الرَّجُلِ يَضَعُهُ حَيْثُ شَاءَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ إِذَا جَاءَ وَلَدٌ لَمْ يُنْكِرْهُ وَ شَدَّدَ فِي إِنْكَارِ الْوَلَدِ.

“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘The water (seed) belongs to man, he can place it (lawfully) wherever he wants, except that when the child comes he cannot deny him,’ and he (the Imam) placed great stress against denying the child.”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع- عَنِ الشُّرُوطِ فِي الْمُتْعَةِ فَقَالَ الشَّرْطُ فِيهَا بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا إِلَى كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنْ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَذَاكَ لَهُ جَائِزٌ وَ لَا تَقُولُ كَمَا أُنْهِيَ إِلَيَّ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ يَقُولُونَ الْمَاءُ مَائِي وَ الْأَرْضُ لَكِ وَ لَسْتُ أَسْقِي أَرْضَكِ الْمَاءَ وَ إِنْ نَبَتَ هُنَاكِ نَبْتٌ فَهُوَ لِصَاحِبِ الْأَرْضِ فَإِنَّ شَرْطَيْنِ‌[2] فِي شَرْطٍ فَاسِدٌ فَإ

“I once asked abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the conditions of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage). He (the Imam) said, ‘Of the conditions in it is setting up an appointed time and the amount of mahr (dower), if she agreed it then is lawful. You must not say as it is reported to me that people of Iraq say, “Water

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً إِنَّهُمَا يَتَوَارَثَانِ مَا لَمْ يَشْتَرِطَا وَ إِنَّمَا الشَّرْطُ بَعْدَ النِّكَاحِ.

"I heard Abū Jaʿfar al-Baqir (as) say regarding a man who marries a woman through mutʿah (temporary marriage): They will inherit from each other unless they make a stipulation (to the contrary). Indeed, the stipulation is made after the marriage."

تَزْوِيجُ الْمُتْعَةِ نِكَاحٌ بِمِيرَاثٍ وَ نِكَاحٌ بِغَيْرِ مِيرَاثٍ فَإِنِ اشْتَرَطَتْ كَانَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَشْتَرِطْ لَمْ يَكُنْ. وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمَا مِيرَاثٌ اشْتُرِطَ أَوْ لَمْ يُشْتَرَطْ.

‘Marriage in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) can be with or without inheritance. There is inheritance if it is stipulated; and there is not any inheritance if it is not stipulated.’ It also is narrated that there is not any inheritance no matter a condition is set or is not set.’”

بَعَثَتْ إِلَيَّ ابْنَةُ عَمٍّ لِي كَانَ لَهَا مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ قَدْ عَرَفْتَ كَثْرَةَ مَنْ يَخْطُبُنِي مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَمْ أُزَوِّجْهُمْ نَفْسِي وَ مَا بَعَثْتُ إِلَيْكَ رَغْبَةً فِي الرِّجَالِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ أَحَلَّهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ بَيَّنَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي سُنَّتِهِ فَحَرَّمَهَا زُفَرُ[1] فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ أُطِيعَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَوْقَ عَرْشِهِ وَ أُطِيعَ

“Once a daughter of my uncle, who was quite wealthy, sent me a message saying, ‘As you know, many men propose marriage to me, but I do not give myself in marriage to anyone and my message to you is not because of my desire for men except it has come to my notice that Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has made it law

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً أَيَّاماً مَعْلُومَةً فَتَجِيئُهُ فِي بَعْضِ أَيَّامِهَا فَتَقُولُ إِنِّي قَدْ بَغَيْتُ قَبْلَ مَجِيئِي إِلَيْكَ بِسَاعَةٍ أَوْ بِيَوْمٍ هَلْ لَهُ أَنْ يَطَأَهَا وَ قَدْ أَقَرَّتْ لَهُ بِبَغْيِهَا قَالَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَطَأَهَا[3].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman in the form of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) for an appointed time and one day she comes to him and says that she has committed fornication just before an hour or day; if he can go to bed with her when she has

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَدْخَلَ جَارِيَةً- يَتَمَتَّعُ بِهَا ثُمَّ أُنْسِيَ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ حَتَّى وَاقَعَهَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ حَدُّ الزَّانِي قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ يَتَمَتَّعُ بِهَا بَعْدَ النِّكَاحِ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ مِمَّا أَتَى‌[1].

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), ‘A man goes to bed with a girl (slave-girl) in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) and forgets to mention the conditions until he has gone to bed with her; if he must be punished as a fornicator. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, but he can take advantage after forming marriage a

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَلْقَى الْمَرْأَةَ فَيَقُولُ لَهَا زَوِّجِينِي نَفْسَكِ شَهْراً وَ لَا يُسَمِّي الشَّهْرَ بِعَيْنِهِ ثُمَّ يَمْضِي فَيَلْقَاهَا بَعْدَ سِنِينَ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ شَهْرُهُ إِنْ كَانَ سَمَّاهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمَّاهُ فَلَا سَبِيلَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who meets a woman, then asks her to give herself in marriage in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) to him for a month; but does not identify the month. Times pass and he meets her after several years. He (the Imam) said,

لَا بَأْسَ بِالرَّجُلِ يَتَمَتَّعُ بِالْمَرْأَةِ عَلَى حُكْمِهِ وَ لَكِنْ لَا بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا شَيْئاً لِأَنَّهُ إِنْ أُحْدِثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا مِيرَاثٌ‌[2].

‘It is not unlawful for a man to marry a woman in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) because of leaving herself at his disposal, but it is necessary to give her something; if anything happens to him she will not inherit his legacy.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع رَجُلٌ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً مُتْعَةً ثُمَّ وَثَبَ عَلَيْهَا أَهْلُهَا فَزَوَّجُوهَا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهَا عَلَانِيَةً وَ الْمَرْأَةُ امْرَأَةُ صِدْقٍ كَيْفَ الْحِيلَةُ قَالَ لَا تُمَكِّنْ زَوْجَهَا مِنْ نَفْسِهَا حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ شَرْطُهَا وَ عِدَّتُهَا قُلْتُ إِنَّ شَرْطَهَا سَنَةٌ وَ لَا يَصْبِرُ لَهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ لَا أَهْلُهَا سَنَةً قَالَ فَلْيَتَّقِ اللَّهَ زَوْجُهَا الْأَوَّلُ وَ

“I once asked abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage), then people of her family leap in her case and give her in marriage publicly without her permission. She is a truthful person; if there is a solution to her case. He (the Imam) said,

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً فَيَحْمِلُهَا مِنْ بَلَدٍ إِلَى بَلَدٍ فَقَالَ يَجُوزُ النِّكَاحُ الْآخَرُ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ هَذَا[1].

“I once asked abu al-Hassan al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) and then takes her from one town to another town. He (the Imam) said, ‘Another marriage is permissible but this is not permissible/”

جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي فَأَمَرَ بِهَا أَنْ تُرْجَمَ فَأُخْبِرَ بِذَلِكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ كَيْفَ زَنَيْتِ فَقَالَتْ مَرَرْتُ بِالْبَادِيَةِ فَأَصَابَنِي عَطَشٌ شَدِيدٌ فَاسْتَسْقَيْتُ أَعْرَابِيّاً فَأَبَى أَنْ يَسْقِيَنِي إِلَّا أَنْ أُمَكِّنَهُ مِنْ نَفْسِي فَلَمَّا أَجْهَدَنِي الْعَطَشُ وَ خِفْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي سَقَانِي فَأَمْكَنْتُهُ مِنْ نَفْسِي فَقَال

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once a woman came to ‘Umar and said, ‘I have committed fornication, so cleanse me/ He commanded to stone her to death ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), was asked about it and he asked, ‘How did you commit fornication?’ She replied, ‘I was passing through wilderness and I became thirsty sev

قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ جَاءَ إِلَى امْرَأَةٍ فَسَأَلَهَا أَنْ تُزَوِّجَهُ نَفْسَهَا فَقَالَتْ أُزَوِّجُكَ نَفْسِي عَلَى أَنْ تَلْتَمِسَ مِنِّي مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ نَظَرٍ أَوِ الْتِمَاسٍ وَ تَنَالَ مِنِّي مَا يَنَالُ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّكَ لَا تُدْخِلُ فَرْجَكَ فِي فَرْجِي وَ تَتَلَذَّذَ بِمَا شِئْتَ فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ الْفَضِيحَةَ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا مَا اشْتُرِطَ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who comes to a woman and asks her to marry in the manner of al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) and she agrees with the condition that he can do whatever a wife and a husband do like looking, touching each other and so on, except insert