Mosques & Congregation

وَ سَأَلَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع- عَنِ الْجِصِّ يُوقَدُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْعَذِرَةِ وَ عِظَامِ الْمَوْتَى ثُمَّ يُجَصَّصُ بِهِ الْمَسْجِدُ أَ يُسْجَدُ عَلَيْهِ فَكَتَبَ ع إِلَيْهِ بِخَطِّهِ أَنَّ النَّارَ وَ الْمَاءَ قَدْ طَهَّرَاهُ‌[1].

Hadith.833 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub asked Imam Abu al-Hasan (as) about gypsum (plaster) that was fired using dung and the bones of the dead, and whether it would be permissible to prostrate on it if a mosque was plastered with it. The Imam wrote back in his own handwriting: "Fire and water have purified it”.

«مَا بَيْنَ قُصَاصِ اَلشَّعْرِ إِلَى طَرَفِ اَلْأَنْفِ مَسْجِدٌ فَمَا أَصَابَ اَلْأَرْضَ مِنْهُ فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَكَ.

Hadith.840 - Ammar al-Sabati narrate from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "The area between the hairline and the tip of the nose is considered a place of prostration (masjid), so whatever part of it touches the ground suffices."

قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع‌[3] إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى جَعَلَ الْكَعْبَةَ قِبْلَةً لِأَهْلِ الْمَسْجِدِ وَ جَعَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ قِبْلَةً لِأَهْلِ الْحَرَمِ وَ جَعَلَ الْحَرَمَ قِبْلَةً لِأَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا.

Hadith.844 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said : "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, made the Ka’ba the Qiblah (direction of prayer) for the people of the mosque (Masjid al-Haram), and He made the mosque the Qiblah for the people of the sanctuary (Haram), and He made the sanctuary the Qiblah for the peo

الصَّادِقُ ع‌[4]- وَ هَذَا يَفْتَحُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ أَبْوَاباً كَثِيرَةً[5].

Hadith.851 - The Prophet (sw) saw phlegm (or a spittle) in the mosque. He walked over to it with a palm branch from the branches of Ibn Tab and scraped it off, then returned backward and continued his prayer. And Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "This opens many doors regarding (permissible) actions during p

وَ قَالَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ ذَكَرَهُ لَهُ‌[4] ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبِلِ الْقِبْلَةَ بِوَجْهِكَ وَ لَا تَقَلَّبْ بِوَجْهِكَ عَنِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَتَفْسُدَ صَلَاتُكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ لِنَبِيِّهِ ص فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرامِ وَ حَيْثُ ما كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ‌ فَقُمْ مُنْتَصِباً فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ مَنْ لَمْ يُقِمْ صُلْبَهُ فَلَا صَلَاةَ لَهُ وَ

Hadith.856 - In another narration, the Imam said : "Then turn your face toward the Qiblah and do not turn your face away from the Qiblah, lest your prayer become invalid. Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, says to His Prophet in the obligatory prayer: 'Turn your face toward the Sacred Mosque (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:144)

إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ حَرُمَ الْكَلَامُ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَسْجِدِ إِلَّا فِي تَقْدِيمِ إِمَامٍ‌[3].

Hadith.879 - Zurarah narrated from Imam Abu Ja'far (as) that He said: "When the iqamah (second call to prayer) is pronounced, speaking becomes prohibited for the Imam and the people of the mosque, except in the case of appointing an Imam."

الْمُؤَذِّنُ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَدَّ بَصَرِهِ وَ مَدَّ صَوْتِهِ فِي السَّمَاءِ[1] وَ يُصَدِّقُهُ كُلُّ رَطْبٍ وَ يَابِسٍ يَسْمَعُهُ وَ لَهُ مِنْ كُلِّ مَنْ يُصَلِّي مَعَهُ فِي مَسْجِدِهِ سَهْمٌ وَ لَهُ مِنْ كُلِّ مَنْ يُصَلِّي بِصَوْتِهِ حَسَنَةٌ

إِذَا أَذَّنْتَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ أَوْ فِي بَيْتِكَ ثُمَّ أَقَمْتَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ أَجْزَأَكَ.

Hadith.901 - Abu Basir narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "If you give the adhan (call to prayer) on the road or in your home, and then perform the iqamah (second call to prayer) in the mosque, it suffices."

فَفَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَذْهَبَ اللَّهُ عَنِّي سُقْمِي وَ كَثُرَ وُلْدِي قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ وَ كُنْتُ دَائِمَ الْعِلَّةِ مَا أَنْفَكُّ مِنْهَا فِي نَفْسِي وَ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ خَدَمِي وَ عِيَالِي حَتَّى إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَبْقَى وَ مَا لِي أَحَدٌ يَخْدُمُنِي فَلَمَّا سَمِعْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ هِشَامٍ عَمِلْتُ بِهِ فَأَذْهَبَ اللَّهُ عَنِّي وَ عَنْ عِيَالِي الْعِلَلَ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ.

Hadith.903 - Hisham ibn Ibrahim complained to Imam al-Ridha (as) about his illness and the fact that he had no children. The Imam advised him to raise his voice with the adhan (call to prayer) in his home. Hisham said: "I did as he advised, and Allah (swt) removed my illness and granted me many children." Muhammad ibn

أُمِرَ النَّاسُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ الْقُرْآنُ مَهْجُوراً مُضَيَّعاً وَ لْيَكُنْ مَحْفُوظاً مَدْرُوساً فَلَا يَضْمَحِلَّ وَ لَا يُجْهَلَ وَ إِنَّمَا بُدِئَ بِالْحَمْدِ دُونَ سَائِرِ السُّوَرِ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ وَ الْكَلَامِ جُمِعَ فِيهِ مِنْ جَوَامِعِ الْخَيْرِ وَ الْحِكْمَةِ مَا جُمِعَ فِي سُورَةِ الْحَمْدِ- وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ قَوْلَهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌[2] الْحَمْدُ لِلَّه

Hadith.926 - In what al-Fadl narrated from Imam al-Ridha (as) concerning reasons for the recitation in prayer, he stated: “People have been commanded to recite during prayer so that the Qur’an would not be abandoned or neglected, but instead preserved and studied so that it is neither forgotten nor lost. The recitation

وَقَالَ رَجُلٌ لِأَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: يَا اِبْنَ عَمِّ خَيْرِ خَلْقِ اَللَّهِ مَا مَعْنَى رَفْعِ رِجْلِكَ اَلْيُمْنَى وَ طَرْحِكَ اَلْيُسْرَى فِي اَلتَّشَهُّدِ قَالَ «تَأْوِيلُهُ اَللَّهُمَّ أَمِتِ اَلْبَاطِلَ وَ أَقِمِ اَلْحَقَّ» قَالَ فَمَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ اَلْإِمَامِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اَلْإِمَامَ يُتَرْجِمُ عَنِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَقُولُ فِي تَرْجَمَتِهِ لِأَهْل

Hadith.945 - A man asked Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as): "O’ cousin of the best of Allah’s (swt) creation, what is the meaning of raising your right foot and placing your left during the tashahhud (testimony in prayer)?" Imam (as) said: "Its meaning is: 'O’ Allah (swt), let falsehood perish and e

يُعِيدُ رَكْعَةً وَاحِدَةً[3].

Hadith.1020 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated that Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) was asked about a man who entered the prayer with the Imam and was already behind by one rak'ah. When the Imam completed the prayer and left with the congregation, the man remembered that he had missed one rak'ah. Imam (as) said: "He sh

هَؤُلَاءِ قُومُوا وَ يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ اقْعُدُوا وَ الْإِمَامُ مَائِلٌ مَعَ أَحَدِهِمَا أَوْ مُعْتَدِلُ الْوَهْمِ فَمَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ‌[4] قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ سَهْوٌ إِذَا حَفِظَ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ سَهْوَهُ بِاتِّفَاقٍ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَنْ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ سَهْوٌ إِذَا لَمْ يَسْهُ الْإِمَامُ وَ لَا سَهْوَ فِي سَهْوٍ[5] وَ لَيْسَ فِي الْمَغْرِبِ سَهْوٌ وَ لَا فِي الْفَجْرِ سَهْوٌ وَ لَا فِي

Hadith.1028 – In the Nawaadir of Ibrahim ibn Hashim, it is narrated that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about an Imam leading a prayer with four or five people, and two of them testify that they prayed three rak'ahs, while three testify that they prayed four rak'ahs. Some say, "Stand up," and others sa

لَا بَأْسَ‌[3] وَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ فِي صَلَاةٍ فَرِيضَةٍ فَيَقُومُ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأَوَّلَتَيْنِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَنَاوَلَ جَانِبَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَيَنْهَضَ يَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ عَلَى الْقِيَامِ مِنْ غَيْرِ ضَعْفٍ وَ لَا عِلَّةٍ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

Hadith.1045 - Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) on whether it is permissible for a man to lean against the wall of the mosque while he is praying, or to place his hand on the wall while standing, without any illness or condition?" He (as) replied: "There is no harm in that." He also as

نَعَمْ قَدْ أَوْمَأَ النَّبِيُّ ص فِي مَسْجِدٍ مِنْ مَسَاجِدِ الْأَنْصَارِ بِمِحْجَنٍ كَانَ مَعَهُ‌[2] قَالَ حَنَانٌ وَ لَا أَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا مَسْجِدَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ.

Hadith.1076 - Hanan ibn Sadeer asked him: "Can a man gesture while praying?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, the Prophet (sw) gestured in one of the mosques of the Ansar with a Muḥjan that he had with him." Hanan said: "And I do not know except that it was the mosque of the Banu Abd al-Ashhal."

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ خَيْرَ مَسَاجِدِ النِّسَاءِ الْبُيُوتُ وَ صَلَاةَ الْمَرْأَةِ فِي بَيْتِهَا أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صَلَاتِهَا فِي صُفَّتِهَا وَ صَلَاتَهَا فِي صُفَّتِهَا أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صَلَاتِهَا فِي صَحْنِ دَارِهَا وَ صَلَاتَهَا فِي صَحْنِ دَارِهَا أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صَلَاتِهَا فِي سَطْحِ بَيْتِهَا وَ تُكْرَهُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الصَّلَاةُ فِي سَطْحٍ غَيْرِ مُحَجَّرٍ.

Hadith.1088 - It is narrated: "The best places for women to pray are their homes. A woman's prayer in her house is better than her prayer in a public prayer area (ṣuffah), and her prayer in the public prayer area is better than her prayer in the courtyard of her house. Her prayer in the courtyard is better than her pra

لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَا يَشْهَدُ الصَّلَاةَ مِنْ جِيرَانِ الْمَسْجِدِ إِلَّا مَرِيضٌ أَوْ مَشْغُولٌ‌[2].

Hadith.1091 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated that Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "There is no prayer for the one who does not attend the congregational prayer from among the neighbors of the mosque, except for someone who is ill or preoccupied."

لِقَوْمٍ لَتَحْضُرُنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ أَوْ لَأُحْرِقَنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ مَنَازِلَكُمْ

وَ قَالَ ع‌ مَنْ صَلَّى الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ جَمَاعَةً فَظُنُّوا بِهِ كُلَّ خَيْرٍ.

Hadith.1093 – He (as) said: "Whoever prays the five daily prayers in congregation, assume every good about him."

وَ قَالَ ع‌ الِاثْنَانِ جَمَاعَةٌ.

Hadith.1094 - Imam (as) said: "Two people constitute a congregation."

«رَجُلٌ وَ اِمْرَأَةٌ.

Hadith.1095 - Al-Hasan al-Sayqal asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about the minimum number for a congregation. Imam (as) said: "A man and a woman."

وَ قَدْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ الْمُؤْمِنُ وَحْدَهُ حُجَّةٌ وَ الْمُؤْمِنُ وَحْدَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ.

Hadith.1096 - The Prophet said: "A believer alone is a proof (Hujjah), and a believer alone is a congregation."

وَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْفَجْرَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ أَقْبَلَ بِوَجْهِهِ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَسَأَلَ عَنْ أُنَاسٍ يُسَمِّيهِمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ هَلْ حَضَرُوا الصَّلَاةَ قَالُوا لَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ‌

Hadith.1097 - The Messenger of Allah (sw) prayed the Fajr (dawn) prayer one day, and after finishing, he turned his face towards his companions and asked about certain people by name, asking if they were present for the prayer. They replied: "No, O’ Messenger of Allah (sw)." He (sw) then said: "Are they absent?" They s

مَنْ صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ وَ الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ فَهُوَ فِي ذِمَّةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَنْ ظَلَمَهُ فَإِنَّمَا يَظْلِمُ اللَّهَ وَ مَنْ حَقَّرَهُ فَإِنَّمَا يُحَقِّرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ. وَ إِذَا كَانَ مَطَرٌ وَ بَرْدٌ شَدِيدٌ فَجَائِزٌ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ فِي رَحْلِهِ وَ لَا يَحْضُرَ الْمَسْجِدَ

لِقَوْلِ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «إِذَا اِبْتَلَّتِ اَلنِّعَالُ فَالصَّلاَةُ فِي اَلرِّحَالِ.

Hadith.1099 - The Prophet (sw) said: "If the sandals are wet, then pray in your dwellings."

إِمَامُ الْقَوْمِ وَافِدُهُمْ فَقَدِّمُوا أَفْضَلَكُمْ

وَ قَالَ ع‌ إِنْ سَرَّكُمْ أَنْ تُزَكُّوا صَلَاتَكُمْ فَقَدِّمُوا خِيَارَكُمْ‌[5].

Hadith.1101 - Imam (as) said: "If it pleases you to purify and perfect your prayers, then choose the best among you (to lead)."

مَنْ صَلَّى بِقَوْمٍ وَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ لَمْ يَزَلْ أَمْرُهُمْ إِلَى سَفَالٍ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ[1]. وَ قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ إِنَّ إِمَامَكَ شَفِيعُكَ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلَا تَجْعَلْ شَفِيعَكَ سَفِيهاً وَ لَا فَاسِقاً[2]

لَا إِنَّ الْإِمَامَ ضَامِنٌ لِلْقِرَاءَةِ وَ لَيْسَ يَضْمَنُ الْإِمَامُ صَلَاةَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ إِنَّمَا يَضْمَنُ الْقِرَاءَةَ.

Hadith.1103 - Al-Hussain ibn Kathir narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that a man asked him about reciting (Qur'an) behind the Imam (during prayer). Imam (as) said: "No, the Imam is responsible for the recitation, but the Imam does not take responsibility for the prayers of those behind him; he is only

خَمْسَةٌ لَا يَؤُمُّونَ النَّاسَ وَ لَا يُصَلُّونَ بِهِمْ صَلَاةً فَرِيضَةً فِي جَمَاعَةٍ الْأَبْرَصُ وَ الْمَجْذُومُ وَ وَلَدُ الزِّنَا وَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ حَتَّى يُهَاجِرَ وَ الْمَحْدُودُ[4].

"Five people should not lead others in prayer nor should they lead them in a congregational obligatory prayer: the person with leprosy (abrāṣ), the person with a skin disease (majdhūm), the child of adultery (walad al-zina), the Bedouin (a‘rābī) until he migrates, and the person who has been subjected to the legal puni

وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ لَا يُصَلِّيَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ خَلْفَ الْأَجْذَمِ وَ الْأَبْرَصِ وَ الْمَجْنُونِ وَ الْمَحْدُودِ وَ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا وَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ لَا يَؤُمُّ الْمُهَاجِرَ[5].

Hadith.1105 - The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "None of you should pray behind a person with a mutilated limb (al-ajdham), a person with leprosy (al-abrāṣ), a person with a mental disorder (al-majnūn), a person who has been subjected to a legal punishment (al-maḥdūd), the child of adulter

وَ قَالَ ع‌ الْأَغْلَفُ لَا يَؤُمُّ الْقَوْمَ وَ لَوْ كَانَ أَقْرَأَهُمْ لِلْقُرْآنِ لِأَنَّهُ ضَيَّعَ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ أَعْظَمَهَا وَ لَا تُقْبَلُ لَهُ شَهَادَةٌ وَ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ تَرَكَ ذَلِكَ خَوْفاً

Hadith.1106 - Imam (as) said: "An uncircumcised man (al-aghlaf) should not lead the people in prayer, even if he is the most proficient in reciting the Qur'an among them, because he has neglected one of the greatest aspects of the Sunnah. His testimony is not accepted, and prayers are not performed over him unless he l

لَا يَؤُمُّ صَاحِبُ الْقَيْدِ الْمُطْلَقِينَ وَ لَا يَؤُمُّ صَاحِبُ الْفَالِجِ الْأَصِحَّاءَ[2]

لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَؤُمَّ الْأَعْمَى إِذَا رَضُوا بِهِ وَ كَانَ أَكْثَرَهُمْ قِرَاءَةً وَ أَفْقَهَهُمْ

إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَى أَعْمَى الْقَلْبِ فَإِنَّهَا لا تَعْمَى الْأَبْصارُ وَ لكِنْ تَعْمَى الْقُلُوبُ الَّتِي فِي الصُّدُورِ

ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يُصَلَّى خَلْفَهُمُ الْمَجْهُولُ وَ الْغَالِي وَ إِنْ كَانَ يَقُولُ بِقَوْلِكَ وَ الْمُجَاهِرُ بِالْفِسْقِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُقْتَصِداً[3]

وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع- مَنْ قَالَ بِالْجِسْمِ فَلَا تُعْطُوهُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ لَا تُصَلُّوا خَلْفَهُ.

Hadith.1111 - Imam Ali ibn Muhammad al-Hadi (as) and Imam Muhammad ibn Ali al-Jawad (as) said: "Whoever believes in anthropomorphism (al-jism), do not give them anything from the zakat, and do not pray behind them."

وَ كَتَبَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَرْقِيُّ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع- أَ يَجُوزُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الصَّلَاةُ خَلْفَ مَنْ وَقَفَ عَلَى أَبِيكَ وَ جَدِّكَ ع فَأَجَابَ لَا تُصَلِّ وَرَاءَهُ.

Hadith.1112 - Abu Abdullah al-Barqi wrote to Abu Ja'far al-Thani (as), asking: "May I be your ransom, is it permissible to pray behind someone who stopped at (only accepted the Imamate of) your father and grandfather (as)?" Imam (as) said: "Do not pray behind him."

وَ سَأَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ إِمَامٍ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ فِي جَمِيعِ أُمُورِهِ عَارِفٍ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ يُسْمِعُ أَبَوَيْهِ الْكَلَامَ الْغَلِيظَ الَّذِي يَغِيظُهُمَا أَقْرَأُ خَلْفَهُ قَالَ‌ لَا، تَقْرَأُ خَلْفَهُ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَاقّاً قَاطِعاً[1].

Hadith.1113 - Umar ibn Yazid asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about an Imam who is generally good in all his affairs and knowledgeable, but he raises his voice and speaks harshly to his parents, causing them distress. He asked: "Should I pray behind him?" He (as) replied: "No, do not pray behind him as long

لَا تُصَلِّ خَلْفَ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ عَلَيْكَ بِالْكُفْرِ وَ لَا خَلْفَ مَنْ شَهِدْتَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْكُفْرِ.

Hadith.1114 - Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Halabi narrated from him (as) that He said: "Do not pray behind someone who declares you to be an unbeliever (kafir), and do not pray behind someone whom you have declared to be an unbeliever."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُقَارِفُ الذَّنْبَ‌[3] يُصَلَّى خَلْفَهُ أَمْ لَا قَالَ لَا.

Hadith.1115 - Saʿd ibn Ismail narrated from his father, who narrated from al-Ridha (as), that He said: "I asked him about a man who commits sins ; should one pray behind him or not?" Imam (as) said: "No."

لِيُعِدْ كُلَّ صَلَاةٍ صَلَّاهَا خَلْفَهُ‌[5].

Hadith.1116 - It was narrated from Isma'il ibn Muslim that he asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about praying behind a man who denies (or rejects) the decree (Qadar) of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic. He (Al-Sadiq) replied: "He should repeat every prayer he performed behind him”.

وَقَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ اَلْجُعْفِيُّ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: رَجُلٌ يُحِبُّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ لاَ يَتَبَرَّأُ مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ وَ يَقُولُ هُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّنْ خَالَفَهُ قَالَ «هَذَا مِخْلَطٌ وَ هُوَ عَدُوٌّ فَلاَ تُصَلِّ وَرَاءَهُ وَ لاَ كَرَامَةَ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَتَّقِيَهُ.

Hadith.1117 - Isma'il al-Ju'fi said to Abu Ja'far: "A man loves The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) but does not dissociate from his enemies, and he says, 'He (Ali) is dearer to me than those who opposed him.'" He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "This person is of mixed (belief) and is an enemy; do not pray

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص صَلَّى بِأَصْحَابِهِ جَالِساً فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ لَا يَؤُمَّنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ بَعْدِي جَالِساً[2]

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَقَعَ عَنْ فَرَسٍ فَشُجَ[3] شِقُّهُ الْأَيْمَنُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ جَالِساً فِي غُرْفَةِ أُمِّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ[4]

يُؤَخِّرُ وَ يُصَلِّي بِأَهْلِ مَسْجِدِهِ إِذَا كَانَ هُوَ الْإِمَامَ.

Hadith.1120 - Jamil ibn Salih asked: "Which is better, for a man to pray by himself at the beginning of the time (for prayer) or to delay a little and pray with the people of his mosque if he is their Imam?" He (as) replied: "He should delay and pray with the people of his mosque if he is their Imam."

وَ سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ لِي مَسْجِداً عَلَى بَابِ دَارِي فَأَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ أُصَلِّي فِي مَنْزِلِي فَأُطِيلُ الصَّلَاةَ أَوْ أُصَلِّي بِهِمْ وَ أُخَفِّفُ فَكَتَبَ ع صَلِّ بِهِمْ وَ أَحْسِنِ‌ الصَّلَاةَ وَ لَا تُثَقِّلْ‌[1].

Hadith.1121 - A man asked him: "I have a mosque at the entrance of my house. Which is better—should I pray at home where I can make my prayer longer, or should I lead them (in the mosque) and make it lighter?" He (as) wrote: "Lead them in prayer and perform it well, but do not make it too heavy (burdensome)”. 1122 1122

وَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ: فِي رَجُلَيْنِ اخْتَلَفَا فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا كُنْتُ إِمَامَكَ وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ كُنْتُ إِمَامَكَ قَالَ صَلَاتُهُمَا تَامَّةٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا كُنْتُ أَئْتَمُّ بِكَ وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ كُنْتُ أَئْتَمُّ بِكَ قَالَ فَصَلَاتُهُمَا فَاسِدَةٌ فَلْيَسْتَأْنِفَا[2].

لَا وَ لَكِنْ يَتَيَمَّمُ الْإِمَامُ وَ يَؤُمُّهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَ الْأَرْضَ طَهُوراً كَمَا جَعَلَ الْمَاءَ طَهُوراً[3].

Hadith.1123 - Jamil ibn Darraj asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about an Imam who becomes ritually impure (junub) and does not have enough water to perform the full ritual bath (ghusl), while the rest of the congregation has water to perform ablution (wudu). He asked whether some of them should perform wudu

مَا مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ يُصَلِّي صَلَاةً فَرِيضَةً فِي وَقْتِهَا ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي مَعَهُمْ صَلَاةً تَقِيَّةً وَ هُوَ مُتَوَضِّئٌ إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِهَا خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ دَرَجَةً فَارْغَبُوا فِي ذَلِكَ.

Hadith.1124 - It is narrated from him by Umar ibn Yazid that Imam (as) said: "None of you prays an obligatory prayer at its prescribed time and then prays with them (in congregation) as an act of precaution (taqiyya) while in a state of wudu, except that Allah (swt) will record for him twenty-five degrees (of reward).