The Rules of Forgetfulness (sahw) in Prayer

يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكَ أَشْكُو مَا أَلْقَى مِنَ الْوَسْوَسَةِ فِي صَلَاتِي حَتَّى لَا أَعْقِلُ مَا صَلَّيْتُ مِنْ زِيَادَةٍ أَوْ نُقْصَانٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا دَخَلْتَ فِي صَلَاتِكَ فَاطْعُنْ فَخِذَكَ الْيُسْرَى بِإِصْبَعِكَ الْيُمْنَى الْمُسَبِّحَةِ ثُمَّ قُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ السَّمِيعِ الْعَلِيمِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ فَإِنَّكَ تَ

'O’ Messenger of Allah (sw), I complain to you about the whispers (waswasah) I experience during my prayers, to the point that I no longer comprehend what I have prayed, whether I have added something or omitted something.' The Messenger of Allah (sw) responded: 'When you enter into your prayer, strike your left thigh

شَكَوْتُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- السَّهْوَ فِي الْمَغْرِبِ فَقَالَ صَلِّهَا بِ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ وَ قُلْ يا أَيُّهَا الْكافِرُونَ‌ فَفَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَذَهَبَ عَنِّي‌[3].

Hadith.985 - It was narrated from Umar ibn Yazid that He said: "I complained to Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about my forgetfulness during the Maghrib prayer. Imam (as) said: 'Pray it by reciting 'Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad' (Surah Al-Ikhlas) and Say, O’ disbelievers (Surah Al-Kafirun).' So, I did as he instructed,

أَتَى النَّبِيَ‌ ص رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَقِيتُ مِنْ وَسْوَسَةِ صَدْرِي شِدَّةً وَ أَنَا رَجُلٌ مُعِيلٌ مَدِينٌ مُحْوِجٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ كَرِّرْ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ- تَوَكَّلْتُ‌ عَلَى الْحَيِّ الَّذِي لا يَمُوتُ‌ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَتَّخِذْ صَاحِبَةً وَ لَا وَلَداً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي الْمُلْكِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلِيٌّ مِنَ الذُّلِّ وَ كَبِّرْهُ تَكْبِيراً قَالَ فَلَمْ يَلْب

Hadith.986 - Abu Hamzah al-Thumali narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "A man came to the Prophet (sw) and said: 'O’ Messenger of Allah (sw), I am experiencing great distress due to the whispers in my chest, and I am a man who is a caretaker, in debt, and in need.' The Prophet (sw) said to

لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَعُدَّ الرَّجُلُ صَلَاتَهُ بِخَاتَمِهِ أَوْ بِحَصًى يَأْخُذُ بِيَدِهِ فَيَعُدُّ بِهِ.

Hadith.987 - In the narration of Abdullah ibn al-Mughira, it is said: "There is no harm if a man counts his prayers using his ring or by using pebbles that he holds in his hand and counts with them."

إِذَا كَثُرَ عَلَيْكَ السَّهْوُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَامْضِ عَلَى صَلَاتِكَ وَ لَا تُعِدْ

إِذَا كَثُرَ عَلَيْكَ السَّهْوُ فَدَعْهُ فَإِنَّهُ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَدَعَكَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ‌[1].

"If you experience frequent distraction (waswasah), ignore it, for it will soon leave you. It is only from Satan”.

إِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِمَّنْ يَسْهُو فِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثٍ‌[2] فَهُوَ مِمَّنْ كَثُرَ عَلَيْهِ السَّهْوُ.

Hadith.990 - In the narration of Ibn Abi Umayr, from Muhammad ibn Abi Hamza said: "The Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: 'If a man is one who forgets or becomes distracted in every third part of his prayer, then he is among those for whom distractions are frequent.'"

«لاَ تُعَادُ اَلصَّلاَةُ إِلاَّ مِنْ خَمْسَةٍ اَلطَّهُورِ وَ اَلْوَقْتِ وَ اَلْقِبْلَةِ وَ اَلرُّكُوعِ وَ اَلسُّجُودِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «اَلْقِرَاءَةُ سُنَّةٌ وَ اَلتَّشَهُّدُ سُنَّةٌ وَ لاَ تَنْقُضُ اَلسُّنَّةُ اَلْفَرِيضَةَ.

Hadith.991 - Zurarah narrated from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that He said: "The prayer is only to be repeated in five cases : purification (tahur), time (waqt), the direction of the Qiblah, the bowing (ruku'), and prostration (Sujood)." He then said: "Recitation (qira'ah) is a Sunnah, and the testimony (tasha

لِعَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى يَا عَمَّارُ أَجْمَعُ لَكَ السَّهْوَ كُلَّهُ فِي كَلِمَتَيْنِ مَتَى مَا شَكَكْتَ فَخُذْ بِالْأَكْثَرِ فَإِذَا سَلَّمْتَ فَأَتِمَّ مَا ظَنَنْتَ أَنَّكَ قَدْ نَقَصْتَ[3]

وَ مَعْنَى اَلْخَبَرِ اَلَّذِي رُوِيَ: «أَنَّ اَلْفَقِيهَ لاَ يُعِيدُ اَلصَّلاَةَ.

Hadith.993 - The meaning of the narration that was reported: "The jurist (faqih) does not repeat the prayer,"

وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع- سَجْدَتَا السَّهْوِ بَعْدَ التَّسْلِيمِ وَ قَبْلَ الْكَلَامِ.

Hadith.994 - The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "The two prostrations of forgetfulness (Sajdah al-Sahw) are after the Tasleem (salutation) and before speaking."

وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ سَجْدَتَيِ اَلسَّهْوِ فَقَالَ «إِذَا نَقَصْتَ فَقَبْلَ اَلتَّسْلِيمِ وَ إِذَا زِدْتَ فَبَعْدَهُ.

Hadith.995 - As for the narration of Safwan ibn Mehran al-Jammal from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "I asked him about the two prostrations of forgetfulness (Sajdat al-Sahw), Imam (as) said: 'If you have made a mistake by reducing something in your prayer, then [perform the prostrations] before th

لَا إِنَّمَا هُمَا سَجْدَتَانِ فَقَطْ[3] فَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي سَهَا هُوَ الْإِمَامَ كَبَّرَ إِذَا سَجَدَ وَ إِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ‌[1] لِيَعْلَمَ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ سَهَا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُسَبِّحَ فِيهِمَا وَ لَا فِيهِمَا[2] تَشَهُّدٌ بَعْدَ السَّجْدَتَيْنِ‌[3].

Hadith.996 – Ammar al-Sabati asked him about the two prostrations of forgetfulness (Sajdat al-Sahw), and whether there is any Takbir (saying "Allahu Akbar") or Tasbih (glorification) in them. He (Imam Ja'far Al-Sadiq) replied: "No, they are simply two prostrations. If the one who forgot is the Imam, then he should say

«تَقُولُ فِي سَجْدَتَيِ اَلسَّهْوِ: بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ وَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ » قَالَ وَ سَمِعْتُهُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى يَقُولُ: « بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا اَلنَّبِيُّ وَ رَحْمَةُ اَللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ.

Hadith.997 - Al-Halabi narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "In the two prostrations of forgetfulness, you should say: Bismillah wa billah, wa salla Allahu ‘ala Muhammad wa Aali Muhammad In the name of Allah and by Allah, and may Allah send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad

الْإِنْسَانُ لَا يَنْسَى تَكْبِيرَةَ الِافْتِتَاحِ.

Hadith.998 - It has been narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "A person does not forget the Takbira al-Ihram (the opening Takbir)." [REFERENCES] Man La Yahduruhu Al-Faqih, Vol. 1, p. 343 • Al-Wafi, Vol. 8, p. 915 • Ithbāt al-Hudāt, Part 4, p. 148

أَ لَيْسَ كَانَ فِي نِيَّتِهِ أَنْ يُكَبِّرَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَلْيَمْضِ فِي صَلَاتِهِ.

Hadith.999 - The Halabi asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a man who forgot to say the Takbir (the opening Takbir) until he had entered the prayer. Imam (as) said: "Was it not in his intention to say the Takbir?" He replied: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Then let him continue with his prayer."

أَجْزَأَهُ‌[2].

Hadith.1000 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanti asked Imam al-Ridha (as) about a man who forgot to say the Takbir al-Ihram (opening Takbir) until he had already said the Takbir for bowing (ruku'). Imam (as) replied: "It suffices him”.

لَهُ رَجُلٌ نَسِيَ أَوَّلَ تَكْبِيرَةِ الِافْتِتَاحِ فَقَالَ إِنْ ذَكَرَهَا قَبْلَ الرُّكُوعِ كَبَّرَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ وَ إِنْ ذَكَرَهَا فِي الصَّلَاةِ كَبَّرَهَا فِي مَقَامِهِ فِي مَوْضِعِ التَّكْبِيرِ قَبْلَ الْقِرَاءَةِ أَوْ بَعْدَ الْقِرَاءَةِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ ذَكَرَهَا بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ فَلْيَقْضِهَا[4] وَ لَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ.

"I asked about a man who forgot the first Takbir of the prayer (Takbir al-Ihram). Imam (as) said: 'If he remembers it before the bowing (ruku'), he should say the Takbir, then recite, and then perform the ruku'. If he remembers it during the prayer, he should say the Takbir at the place of the Takbir, whether before or

إِذَا أَنْتَ كَبَّرْتَ فِي أَوَّلِ‌

Hadith.1002 – Zurarah narrated from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that He said: "When you say the Takbir at the beginning of your prayer after the opening Takbir (Takbir al-Ihram), if you say twenty-one Takbirs and then forget the remaining Takbirs, or fail to say them, the first Takbir will suffice for all the T

أَيَّ ذَلِكَ فَعَلَ مُتَعَمِّداً فَقَدْ نَقَضَ صَلَاتَهُ وَ عَلَيْهِ الْإِعَادَةُ[4] وَ إِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ نَاسِياً أَوْ سَاهِياً أَوْ لَا يَدْرِي فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَدْ تَمَّتْ صَلَاتُهُ فَقَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ نَسِيَ الْقِرَاءَةَ فِي الْأَوَّلَتَيْنِ فَذَكَرَهَا فِي الْأَخِيرَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ يَقْضِي الْقِرَاءَةَ وَ التَّكْبِيرَ وَ التَّسْبِيحَ الَّذِي فَاتَهُ فِي الْأَوَّلَتَيْنِ فِي الْأَخِيرَتَيْنِ وَ ل

Hadith.1003 - Hariz narrated from Zurarah, from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who recites aloud (Jahr) where it should not be done, or recites silently (ikhfāʾ) where it should be recited aloud. Imam (as) said: "Whoever does this deliberately has invalidated his prayer and must repeat it. However,

لَهُ أَسْهُو عَنِ الْقِرَاءَةِ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأُولَى قَالَ اقْرَأْ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ- قَالَ قُلْتُ أَسْهُو فِي الثَّانِيَةِ قَالَ اقْرَأْ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَسْهُو فِي صَلَاتِي كُلِّهَا فَقَالَ إِذَا حَفِظْتَ الرُّكُوعَ وَ السُّجُودَ فَقَدْ تَمَّتْ صَلَاتُكَ.

Hadith.1004 - Hussain ibn Hammad narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that a man said to him: "I forget the recitation in the first rak'ah." Imam (as) said: "Recite in the second." The man then said: "I forget in the second rak'ah as well." Imam (as) said: "Recite in the third." The man said: "I forget t

إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَرَضَ الرُّكُوعَ وَ السُّجُودَ وَ الْقِرَاءَةُ سُنَّةٌ[1] فَمَنْ تَرَكَ الْقِرَاءَةَ مُتَعَمِّداً أَعَادَ الصَّلَاةَ وَ مَنْ نَسِيَ فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ.

Hadith.1005 – Zurarah narrated from one of the Imams that He said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, has made ruku' (bowing) and Sujood (prostration) obligatory, while recitation is a Sunnah. Whoever intentionally leaves out the recitation must repeat the prayer, but if someone forgets, there is no fault upon

يَمْضِي فِي صَلَاتِهِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِنَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَرْكَعْ فَإِنِ اسْتَيْقَنَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَرْكَعْ فَلْيُلْقِ السَّجْدَتَيْنِ اللَّتَيْنِ لَا رُكُوعَ لَهُمَا[2] وَ يَبْنِي عَلَى صَلَاتِهِ الَّتِي‌ عَلَى التَّمَامِ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يَسْتَيْقِنْ إِلَّا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا فَرَغَ وَ انْصَرَفَ‌[1] فَلْيَقُمْ وَ لْيُصَلِّ رَكْعَةً وَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ‌[2] وَ لَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ.

Hadith.1006 - Al-‘Ala' narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that He said: "If a man doubts after prostrating that he has not bowed (rak'a), he should continue with his prayer until he is certain that he did not bow. If he becomes certain that he did not bow, then he should perform

إِذَا نَسِيتَ شَيْئاً مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ رُكُوعاً أَوْ سُجُوداً أَوْ تَكْبِيراً ثُمَّ ذَكَرْتَ فَاقْضِ الَّذِي فَاتَكَ سَهْواً[3].

Hadith.1007 - Abdullah ibn Sinan narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "If you forget something in the prayer, whether it is bowing, prostration, or takbir, and then remember it, make up for what you missed due to forgetfulness”.

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَمَّنْ نَسِيَ أَنْ يَسْجُدَ وَاحِدَةً فَذَكَرَهَا وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ قَالَ يَسْجُدُهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا وَ لَمْ يَرْكَعْ فَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ رَكَعَ فَلْيَمْضِ عَلَى صَلَاتِهِ فَإِذَا انْصَرَفَ قَضَاهَا وَحْدَهَا وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ سَهْوٌ[4].

"I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about someone who forgot to perform one prostration and remembered it while standing. Imam (as) said: 'He should perform it when he remembers, as long as he hasn't yet bowed. If he has already bowed, he should continue his prayer and, when he finishes, he should perform th

لَا يُعِيدُ صَلَاتَهُ مِنْ سَجْدَةٍ وَ يُعِيدُهَا مِنْ رَكْعَةٍ[6].

Hadith.1009 - Mansour ibn Hazim asked Imam (as) about a person who prayed and then remembered that he had added an extra prostration. Imam (as) said: "He does not need to repeat his prayer due to the extra prostration, but he must repeat it from the point of the ruku' (bowing)”. 1010 1010 - وَ رَوَى عَامِرُ بْنُ جُذَاع

إِذَا سَلِمَتِ الرَّكْعَتَانِ‌ الْأَوَّلَتَانِ سَلِمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ[1].

كُنْتُ مَعَ أَصْحَابٍ لِي فِي سَفَرٍ وَ أَنَا إِمَامُهُمْ فَصَلَّيْتُ بِهِمُ الْمَغْرِبَ فَسَلَّمْتُ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأَوَّلَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابِي إِنَّمَا صَلَّيْتَ بِنَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَكَلَّمْتُهُمْ وَ كَلَّمُونِي فَقَالُوا أَمَّا نَحْنُ فَنُعِيدُ فَقُلْتُ لَكِنِّي لَا أُعِيدُ وَ أُتِمُّ بِرَكْعَةٍ فَأَتْمَمْتُ بِرَكْعَةٍ ثُمَّ سِرْنَا وَ أَتَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ ذَكَرْتُ لَهُ الَّذِي كَانَ مِنْ

Hadith.1011 - Ali ibn Nu'man al-Razi narrated that He said: I was traveling with some companions, and I was their Imam (leading the prayer). I led them in Maghrib prayer and mistakenly ended the prayer after two units (rak'ahs). My companions told me that I had only led them in two rak'ahs. We discussed it among oursel

وَ رَوَى عَنْهُ عَمَّارٌ أَنَّ مَنْ سَلَّمَ فِي رَكْعَتَيْنِ مِنَ الظُّهْرِ أَوِ الْعَصْرِ أَوِ الْمَغْرِبِ أَوِ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ فَلْيَبْنِ عَلَى صَلَاتِهِ وَ لَوْ بَلَغَ الصِّينَ وَ لَا إِعَادَةَ عَلَيْهِ‌[4].

يُضِيفُ إِلَيْهَا رَكْعَةً[1].

Hadith.1013 - Ubayd ibn Zurarah asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a man who prays the Fajr prayer, offering one rak'ah, then makes the tashahhud (testification), turns away (ends the prayer), and leaves. After some time, he remembers that he only prayed one rak'ah. He asked what should he do. Imam (as)

وَ أَنَا جَالِسٌ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ انْصِرَافٌ هُوَ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ إِذَا قُلْتَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَ عَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ فَهُوَ انْصِرَافٌ‌[3].

Hadith.1014 - Abu Kahmas asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about the two rak'ahs of prayer when, after sitting in the tashahhud position, he says: "As-Salamu Alayka Ayyuha An-Nabi wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh" (Peace be upon you, O’ Prophet, and the mercy of Allah (swt) and His blessings). Is this considered

إِذَا لَمْ تَدْرِ أَ ثِنْتَيْنِ صَلَّيْتَ أَمْ أَرْبَعاً وَ لَمْ يَذْهَبْ وَهْمُكَ إِلَى شَيْ‌ءٍ فَتَشَهَّدْ وَ سَلِّمْ ثُمَّ صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ أَرْبَعَ سَجَدَاتٍ تَقْرَأُ فِيهِمَا بِأُمِّ الْكِتَابِ‌[1] ثُمَّ تَشَهَّدُ وَ تُسَلِّمُ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ إِنَّمَا صَلَّيْتَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا هَاتَانِ تَمَامَ الْأَرْبَعِ وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ صَلَّيْتَ أَرْبَعاً كَانَتَا هَاتَانِ نَافِلَةً.

Hadith.1015 - Al-Halabi narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "If you do not know whether you prayed two rak'ahs or four, and your doubt does not lead you to any conclusion, then perform the tashahhud and give the salaam, then pray two more rak'ahs with four prostrations. In them, recite Al-

فِي رَجُلٍ صَلَّى خَمْساً إِنَّهُ إِنْ جَلَسَ فِي الرَّابِعَةِ مِقْدَارَ التَّشَهُّدِ فَعِبَادَتُهُ جَائِزَةٌ[3].

Hadith.1016 - Jamil ibn Darraj narrated from him (as) that He said: "If a man prays five rak'ahs and sits in the fourth rak'ah for the duration of the tashahhud, then his worship is valid."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ خَمْساً فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَا يَدْرِي جَلَسَ فِي الرَّابِعَةِ[4] أَمْ لَمْ يَجْلِسْ فَلْيَجْعَلْ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ مِنْهَا الظُّهْرَ وَ يَجْلِسُ وَ يَتَشَهَّدُ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ أَرْبَعَ سَجَدَاتٍ فَيُضِيفُهُمَا إِلَى الْخَامِسَةِ[5] فَتَكُونُ نَافِلَةً.

"I asked him about a man who prayed Dhuhr five rak'ahs. He said: 'If he does not know whether he sat in the fourth rak'ah or not, let him treat it as four rak'ahs for the Dhuhr prayer, then he should sit, perform the tashahhud, and then pray two rak'ahs while sitting and perform four sajdahs. He should then add these t

مَنْ يَحْفَظْ سَهْوَهُ فَأَتَمَّهُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ سَجْدَتَا السَّهْوِ وَ إِنَّمَا السَّهْوُ عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ يَدْرِ أَ زَادَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ أَمْ نَقَصَ مِنْهَا[2].

Hadith.1018 - Al-Fudail ibn Yasar asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about forgetfulness in prayer. Imam said: "Whoever remembers his forgetfulness and corrects it, there is no need for him to perform the two prostrations of forgetfulness (Sajdatay al-Sahw). However, forgetfulness applies to the one who does n

إِذَا لَمْ تَدْرِ أَرْبَعاً صَلَّيْتَ أَوْ خَمْساً أَمْ زِدْتَ أَمْ نَقَصْتَ فَتَشَهَّدْ وَ سَلِّمْ وَ اسْجُدْ سَجْدَتَيِ السَّهْوِ بِغَيْرِ رُكُوعٍ وَ لَا قِرَاءَةٍ تَتَشَهَّدُ فِيهِمَا تَشَهُّداً خَفِيفاً.

Hadith.1019 - Al-Halabi narrated from him (the Prophet (as)) that He said: “If you are unsure whether you prayed four or five rak'ahs, or whether you added or omitted something, then perform the tashahhud (testification of faith), say salaam (greeting of peace), and prostrate two prostrations of forgetfulness without b

يُعِيدُ رَكْعَةً وَاحِدَةً[3].

Hadith.1020 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated that Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) was asked about a man who entered the prayer with the Imam and was already behind by one rak'ah. When the Imam completed the prayer and left with the congregation, the man remembered that he had missed one rak'ah. Imam (as) said: "He sh

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع-[4] رَجُلٌ لَا يَدْرِي أَ ثِنْتَيْنِ صَلَّى أَمْ ثَلَاثاً أَمْ أَرْبَعاً فَقَالَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ مِنْ قِيَامٍ‌[5] ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ.

"I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a man who does not know whether he prayed two, three, or four rak'ahs. Imam (as) said: 'He should pray two rak'ahs standing, then make salaam (salutation), then pray two more rak'ahs while sitting.'

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشُكُّ فَلَا يَدْرِي أَ وَاحِدَةً صَلَّى أَوِ اثْنَتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثاً أَوْ أَرْبَعاً تَلْتَبِسُ عَلَيْهِ صَلَاتُهُ فَقَالَ كُلُّ ذَا فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَلْيَمْضِ فِي صَلَاتِهِ وَ لْيَتَعَوَّذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ‌ الرَّجِيمِ فَإِنَّهُ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ عَنْهُ‌[1].

Hadith.1022 - It was narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamza that he asked the Righteous Servant (Imam Musa al-Kadhim (as)) about a man who doubts and does not know whether he has prayed one, two, three, or four units (rak'ahs) of prayer. His prayer becomes confusing for him. Imam said: "All of that [doubt] applies." I said: "

يَبْنِي عَلَى يَقِينِهِ‌[3] وَ يَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيِ السَّهْوِ بَعْدَ التَّسْلِيمِ وَ يَتَشَهَّدُ تَشَهُّداً خَفِيفاً.

وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّهُ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَةً مِنْ قِيَامٍ وَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مِنْ جُلُوسٍ.

Hadith.1024 - It has been narrated: "He should pray one rak'ah standing and two rak'ahs sitting."

قَالَ لِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلُ ع إِذَا شَكَكْتَ فَابْنِ عَلَى الْيَقِينِ‌[5] قَالَ قُلْتُ هَذَا أَصْلٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

"Abul Hasan al-Awwal (as) said to me: 'When you are in doubt, rely on what you are certain of.' I said: 'Is this a principle?' Imam (as) said: 'Yes.'

إِنْ ذَكَرَ وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ فَلْيَجْلِسْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ حَتَّى رَكَعَ فَلْيُتِمَّ صَلَاتَهُ ثُمَّ يَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيْنِ‌[6] وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ.

Hadith.1026 - Abdullah ibn Abi Ya'fur asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about a man who prays two rak'ahs of the obligatory prayer but does not sit in them. Imam (as) said: "If he remembers while standing in the third rak'ah, he should sit. If he does not remember until he has already bowed, he should complet

إِنْ شَكَّ الرَّجُلُ بَعْدَ مَا صَلَّى فَلَمْ يَدْرِ أَ ثَلَاثاً صَلَّى أَمْ أَرْبَعاً وَ كَانَ يَقِينُهُ حِينَ انْصَرَفَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ قَدْ أَتَمَّ لَمْ يُعِدِ الصَّلَاةَ وَ كَانَ حِينَ انْصَرَفَ أَقْرَبَ إِلَى الْحَقِّ مِنْهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ‌[1].

Hadith.1027 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrates from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "If a man is uncertain after he has prayed and does not know whether he prayed three or four rak'ahs, and when he finishes, he is certain that he has completed it, he does not need to repeat the prayer. At the time of his departure (

هَؤُلَاءِ قُومُوا وَ يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ اقْعُدُوا وَ الْإِمَامُ مَائِلٌ مَعَ أَحَدِهِمَا أَوْ مُعْتَدِلُ الْوَهْمِ فَمَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ‌[4] قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ سَهْوٌ إِذَا حَفِظَ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ سَهْوَهُ بِاتِّفَاقٍ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَنْ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ سَهْوٌ إِذَا لَمْ يَسْهُ الْإِمَامُ وَ لَا سَهْوَ فِي سَهْوٍ[5] وَ لَيْسَ فِي الْمَغْرِبِ سَهْوٌ وَ لَا فِي الْفَجْرِ سَهْوٌ وَ لَا فِي

Hadith.1028 – In the Nawaadir of Ibrahim ibn Hashim, it is narrated that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about an Imam leading a prayer with four or five people, and two of them testify that they prayed three rak'ahs, while three testify that they prayed four rak'ahs. Some say, "Stand up," and others sa

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ نَاسِياً كَبَّرَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ‌[2] وَ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ مُتَعَمِّداً فَعَلَيْهِ إِعَادَةُ الصَّلَاةِ وَ مَنْ أَنَّ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ‌[3]. وَ إِنْ نَسِيتَ الظُّهْرَ حَتَّى غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ الْعَصْرَ[4] فَإِنْ أَمْكَنَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَفُوتَكَ الْمَغْرِبُ فَابْدَأْ بِهَا وَ إِلَّا فَصَلِّ الْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ صَلِّ

Hadith.1029 - It is narrated: "If someone speaks during their prayer out of forgetfulness, they should make additional takbir (saying 'Allahu Akbar'). But if someone speaks during their prayer intentionally, they must repeat the prayer. If someone makes an utterance during their prayer, they have indeed spoken”. If you

لَا يَفُوتُ الصَّلَاةُ مَنْ أَرَادَ الصَّلَاةَ[3] وَ لَا تَفُوتُ صَلَاةُ النَّهَارِ حَتَّى تَغِيبَ الشَّمْسُ وَ لَا صَلَاةُ اللَّيْلِ حَتَّى يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ[4]. وَ ذَلِكَ لِلْمُضْطَرِّ وَ الْعَلِيلِ وَ النَّاسِي وَ إِنْ نَسِيتَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ الْمَغْرِبَ وَ الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ فَذَكَرْتَهُمَا قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ فَصَلِّهِمَا جَمِيعاً إِنْ كَانَ الْوَقْتُ بَاقِياً وَ إِنْ خِفْتَ أَنْ تَفُوتَكَ إِحْدَاهُمَا فَابْدَأْ

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى أَنَامَ رَسُولَهُ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ، عَنْ صَلاَةِ اَلْفَجْرِ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَبَدَأَ فَصَلَّى اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ اَللَّتَيْنِ قَبْلَ اَلْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى اَلْفَجْرَ وَ أَسْهَاهُ فِي صَلاَتِهِ فَسَلَّمَ فِي رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ وَصَفَ مَا قَالَهُ ذُو اَلشِّمَالَيْنِ وَ إِنَّمَا فَعَل

"I heard Abu Abdullah (as) (Imam Ja'far Al-Sadiq (as)) say: 'Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, caused His Messenger (sw) to sleep through the Fajr prayer until the sun had risen. Then he stood up and prayed the two rak'ahs before Fajr, followed by the Fajr prayer. He forgot during his prayer, so he made a m

فَلْيُصَلِّ حِينَ يَذْكُرُ[5].

Hadith.1032 - Hammad ibn Uthman asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) a person who missed part of their prayers and then remembered it at sunrise or sunset. Imam (as) replied: "He should pray as soon as he remembers”.