Kinds of al-Hajj

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ الْحَجُّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَصْنَافٍ حَجُّ مُفْرَدٍ وَ قِرَانٍ وَ تَمَتُّعٍ‌ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِ‌ وَ بِهَا أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ الْفَضْلُ فِيهَا وَ لَا نَأْمُرُ النَّاسَ إِلَّا بِهَا.

“I have heard abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Al-Hajj is of three kinds: al-Mufrad al-Hajj (al- Hajj without al-‘Umrah), Qiran, and al-Tamattu , which is al-Umrah along with al-Hajj. This is how the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, had comm

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ الْحَجُّ عِنْدَنَا عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَوْجُهٍ حَاجٌّ مُتَمَتِّعٌ وَ حَاجٌّ مُفْرِدٌ سَائِقٌ لِلْهَدْيِ وَ حَاجٌّ مُفْرِدٌ لِلْحَجِّ.

al-Hajj with us is of three kinds: al-Hajj of al-Tamattu, al-Hajj al-Mufrid in which one drives the offering animal, and al-Mufrid al-Hajj (performing just al- Hajj without al-‘Umrah).’’’ (Hadith 2 is best explained in the form of fatwa.)

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَيُّ أَنْوَاعِ الْحَجِّ أَفْضَلُ فَقَالَ التَّمَتُّعُ وَ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ شَيْ‌ءٌ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهُ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ لَوِ اسْتَقْبَلْتُ مِنْ أَمْرِي مَا اسْتَدْبَرْتُ لَفَعَلْتُ مِثْلَ مَا فَعَلَ النَّاسُ‌[2].

“I once asked Abu `Abd Allah (a.s.), ’Which kind of al-Hajj is more virtuous?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is al-Tamattu £ . How can there be anything more virtuous and the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, “In future I certainly

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مَا نَعْلَمُ حَجّاً لِلَّهِ غَيْرَ الْمُتْعَةِ إِنَّا إِذَا لَقِينَا رَبَّنَا قُلْنَا رَبَّنَا عَمِلْنَا بِكِتَابِكَ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّكَ وَ يَقُولُ الْقَوْمُ عَمِلْنَا بِرَأْيِنَا فَيَجْعَلُنَا اللَّهُ وَ إِيَّاهُمْ حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ.

“Abu `Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, £ We do not know of any other forms of al-Hajj for the sake of Allah except al-Mut £ ah. Before Allah we will say, £ Our Lord, we followed your book and the Sunnah of Your Holy prophet, and the people will say, “We acted according to our opinions,” then Allah will place us and them as

كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ الْمُتَمَتِّعُ‌ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِ‌ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الْمُفْرِدِ السَّائِقِ لِلْهَدْيِ وَ كَانَ يَقُولُ لَيْسَ يَدْخُلُ الْحَاجُّ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ أَفْضَلَ مِنَ الْمُتْعَةِ.

“Abu Ja‘far, al-Thaniy (a.s.), has said that abu Ja‘far (a.s.), would say, “Those who come out of the state of Ihram after al- £ Umrah until commencing acts of al-Hajj are better than those performing al-Hajj alone driving the offering animal with them.” He (the Imam) would say, ‘There is not anything better in acts of

مَنْ حَجَّ فَلْيَتَمَتَّعْ إِنَّا لَا نَعْدِلُ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ سُنَّةِ

“Abu `Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who performs al-Hajj should take advantage (al- Mut‘ah); we do not compromise with the book of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and the Sunnah of His Holy prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause.”’

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ بَعْضَ النَّاسِ يَقُولُ جَرِّدِ الْحَجَّ وَ بَعْضَ النَّاسِ يَقُولُ اقْرُنْ وَ سُقْ وَ بَعْضَ النَّاسِ يَقُولُ تَمَتَّعْ‌ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِ‌ فَقَالَ لَوْ حَجَجْتُ أَلْفَ عَامٍ لَمْ أَقْرُنْهَا إِلَّا مُتَمَتِّعاً.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of certain people who say that one must perform al-Hajj alone, others say to make it Qiran and drive the offering animal, and still others say to take advantage between al-‘Umrah and al-Hajj. He (the Imam) (a.s.), said, ‘If I will perform al-Hajj for a thousand years

كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُيَسِّرٍ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اعْتَمَرَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ حَضَرَ لَهُ الْمَوْسِمُ أَ يَحُجُّ مُفْرِداً لِلْحَجِّ أَوْ يَتَمَتَّعُ أَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَتَمَتَّعُ أَفْضَلُ.

“Once Ali ibn Muyassir wrote to him (the Imam) asking about a man who performed al-‘Umrah in the month of Ramadan, then it was al-Hajj season; if he could perform al-Hajj as al-Mufrid al-Hajj or al- Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous), and which one was better. He (the Imam) wrote in answer, ‘Al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ is better.

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْحَجِّ فَقَالَ تَمَتَّعْ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّا إِذَا وَقَفْنَا بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قُلْنَا يَا رَبِّ أَخَذْنَا بِكِتَابِكَ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّكَ وَ قَالَ النَّاسُ رَأَيْنَا بِرَأْيِنَا.

‘When we will stand before Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, we will say, “O our Lord, we followed Your book and the Sunnah of Your Holy prophet, but people will say, ‘We looked into our minds (opinions) and we followed them.”””

الْمُتْعَةُ وَ اللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ وَ بِهَا نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ وَ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) by Allah is better. Quran had come down about it and the Sunnah has run in this way.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع‌[3] فِي السَّنَةِ الَّتِي حَجَّ فِيهَا وَ ذَلِكَ فِي سَنَةِ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ بِأَيِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ دَخَلْتَ مَكَّةَ مُفْرِداً أَوْ مُتَمَتِّعاً فَقَالَ مُتَمَتِّعاً فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَيُّمَا أَفْضَلُ الْمُتَمَتِّعُ‌ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِ‌ أَوْ مَنْ أَفْرَدَ وَ سَاقَ الْهَدْيَ فَقَالَ كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌[4] يَقُولُ الْمُتَمَتِّعُ‌ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَ

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), in the year in which he performed al-Hajj which was the year two hundred and twelve and I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, in which manner of al-Hajj have you entered Makkah, is it Mufrid or al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is

تَمَتَّعْ قَالَ فَقَضَى أَنَّهُ أَفْرَدَ الْحَجَّ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَامِ أَوْ بَعْدَهُ فَقُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ سَأَلْتُكَ فَأَمَرْتَنِي بِالتَّمَتُّعِ وَ أَرَاكَ قَدْ أَفْرَدْتَ الْحَجَّ الْعَامَ فَقَالَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْفَضْلَ لَفِي الَّذِي أَمَرْتُكَ بِهِ وَ لَكِنِّي ضَعِيفٌ فَشَقَّ عَلَيَّ طَوَافَانِ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ فَلِذَلِكَ أَفْرَدْتُ الْحَجَّ.

“He once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous). He (the Imam) said, ‘Perform al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous).’ It happened that he (the Imam) that year or next year performed Mufrid kind of al-Hajj and I asked him saying , ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, I asked you about al-Hajj a

سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ فَقَالَ إِنِّي اعْتَمَرْتُ فِي الْحُرُمِ‌[1] وَ قَدِمْتُ الْآنَ مُتَمَتِّعاً فَسَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ نِعْمَ مَا صَنَعْتَ إِنَّا لَا نَعْدِلُ- بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَإِذَا بَعَثَنَا رَبُّنَا أَوْ وَرَدْنَا عَلَى رَبِّنَا[2] قُلْنَا يَا رَبِّ أَخَذْنَا بِكِتَابِكَ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّكَ ص وَ قَالَ النَّاسُ رَأ

I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘What you have done is very good. We do not compromise with the book of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to your cause. When our Lord will resurrect us and we

دَخَلْتُ مَعَ إِخْوَتِي عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْنَا إِنَّا نُرِيدُ الْحَجَّ وَ بَعْضُنَا صَرُورَةٌ[3] فَقَالَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالتَّمَتُّعِ فَإِنَّا لَا نَتَّقِي فِي التَّمَتُّعِ‌ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِ‌ سُلْطَاناً وَ اجْتِنَابِ الْمُسْكِرِ وَ الْمَسْحِ عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِ.

“Once my brothers and I went to see abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and we wanted to perform al- Hajj. Certain ones among us were for their first al-Hajj. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must perform al- Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous); I because of taqiyyah, fear from Sultan; do not give up al-Hajj al- Tamattu‘ (advantageous), do not

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي اعْتَمَرْتُ فِي رَجَبٍ وَ أَنَا أُرِيدُ الْحَجَّ أَ فَأَسُوقُ الْهَدْيَ وَ أُفْرِدُ الْحَجَّ أَوْ أَتَمَتَّعُ فَقَالَ فِي كُلٍّ فَضْلٌ وَ كُلٌّ حَسَنٌ قُلْتُ فَأَيُّ ذَلِكَ أَفْضَلُ فَقَالَ تَمَتَّعْ هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ عُمْرَتَهُ عِرَاقِيَّةٌ وَ حَجَّتَهُ مَكِّيَّةٌ كَذَبُوا أَ وَ لَيْسَ هُوَ مُرْتَبِطاً بِحَجِّهِ لَا يَخْر

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about my performing al-‘Umrah in the month of Rajab and that I wanted to perform al-Hajj, if driving the offering animal and Mufrid al-Hajj was better or al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous). He (the Imam) said, ‘In each one there is goodness and beauty.’ I then asked, ‘Which one is m

مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُ هَدْيٌ وَ أَفْرَدَ رَغْبَةً عَنِ الْمُتْعَةِ فَقَدْ رَغِبَ عَنْ دِينِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who does not have the offering animal with him and he performs Mufrid al-Hajj to keep away from al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous), he has kept away from the religion of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْمُتَمَتِّعِ حَجُّهُ مَكِّيَّةٌ وَ عُمْرَتُهُ عِرَاقِيَّةٌ فَقَالَ كَذَبُوا أَ وَ لَيْسَ هُوَ مُرْتَبِطاً بِحَجَّتِهِ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ حَجَّتَهُ.

“I once said to abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), that they, about al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous), say, ‘It is a Makkiy al-Hajj and an Iraqiy al-‘Umrah.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘They speak a lie. Is it all not related with al-Hajj in a way that one cannot come thereof without completing al-Hajj?’”

حَجَّ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ دَخَلُوا عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فَقَالُوا إِنَّ زُرَارَةَ أَمَرَنَا أَنْ نُهِلَّ بِالْحَجِّ إِذَا أَحْرَمْنَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ تَمَتَّعُوا فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَئِنْ لَمْ تُخْبِرْهُمْ بِمَا أَخْبَرْتَ زُرَارَةَ لَنَأْتِيَنَّ الْكُوفَةَ وَ لَنُصْبِحَنَّ بِهِ كُذَّاباً فَقَالَ رُدَّهُمْ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَ

18. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ’A‘yan who has said the following: “Once, a group of our people performed al-Hajj, and when they arrived in al-Madinah, went to visit abu Ja‘far (a.s.). They said that Zurarah has told them to commence their al-Hajj

عَلَى الْمُتَمَتِّعِ‌ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِ‌ ثَلَاثَةُ أَطْوَافٍ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ سَعْيَانِ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ عَلَيْهِ‌[1] إِذَا قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ طَوَافٌ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ رَكْعَتَانِ عِنْدَ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع وَ سَعْيٌ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ ثُمَّ يُقَصِّرُ وَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ هَذَا لِلْعُمْرَةِ وَ عَلَيْهِ لِلْحَجِّ طَوَافَانِ وَ سَعْيٌ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ يُصَلِّي عِنْدَ كُلِّ

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from ibn abu ‘Umayr and Safwan all from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One who performs al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) is required to comple