The Book of Talaq (Divorces)

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا قَالَ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا وَ تَحُجُّ وَ تَنْتَقِلُ مِنْ مَنْزِلٍ إِلَى مَنْزِلٍ.

7. Humayd has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from ‘Abd Allah ibn Jabalah from ibn Bukayr from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a woman whose husband dies; if she can go out of the house of her husband. He (the Imam) said, ‘She can go out of the house of her h

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَيْنَ تَعْتَدُّ قَالَ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ وَ لَا تَبِيتُ عَنْ بَيْتِهَا.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a woman whose husband dies and about where she can complet

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَ تَعْتَدُّ فِي بَيْتٍ تَمْكُثُ فِيهِ شَهْراً أَوْ أَقَلَّ مِنْ شَهْرٍ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ ثُمَّ تَتَحَوَّلُ مِنْهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ فَتَمْكُثُ فِي الْمَنْزِلِ الَّذِي تَحَوَّلَتْ إِلَيْهِ مِثْلَ‌ مَا مَكَثَتْ فِي الْمَنْزِلِ الَّذِي تَحَوَّلَتْ مِنْهُ كَذَا صَنِيعُهَا حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا قَالَ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ لَهَا وَ لَا بَأْسَ.

“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a woman who is widowed; if she can count her waiting period in a house for a month or less or more then move to another house and stay there as she did in the other house and so on until her waiting period is complete. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is permissible and it is

جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع تَسْتَفْتِيهِ فِي الْمَبِيتِ فِي غَيْرِ بَيْتِهَا وَ قَدْ مَاتَ زَوْجُهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانَ إِذَا مَاتَ زَوْجُ الْمَرْأَةِ أَحَدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ شَهْراً فَلَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً ص رَحِمَ ضَعْفَهُنَّ فَجَعَلَ عِدَّتَهُنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً وَ أَنْتُنَّ لَا تَصْبِرْنَ عَلَى هَذَا.

“A woman came to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), to ask for a fatwa about spending the night in another house; her husband had died. He (the Imam) said, ‘In the time of ignorance widows had to sit in mourning for twelve months. When Muhammad (SAW), was sent he felt sympathy for their weakness and reduced it (mourning) to four m

سُئِلَ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ يَمُوتُ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهَا أَنْ تَحُجَّ أَوْ تَعُودَ مَرِيضاً قَالَ نَعَمْ تَخْرُجُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ لَا تَكْتَحِلُ وَ لَا تَطَيَّبُ.

“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the case of a woman whose husband dies; if it is proper for her to perform al-Hajj and visit the sick people. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, she can do so for the sake of Allah, but must not use kohl and perfume.’”

الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا لَيْسَ لَهَا أَنْ تَطَيَّبَ وَ لَا تَزَيَّنَ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A widow whose husband has died must not use perfumes and beautify herself until her ‘Iddah (waiting period) of four months and ten days is complete.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ يُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ تَكُونُ فِي عِدَّتِهَا أَ تَخْرُجُ فِي حَقٍّ فَقَالَ إِنَّ بَعْضَ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ص سَأَلَتْهُ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ فُلَانَةَ تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا فَتَخْرُجُ فِي حَقٍّ يَنُوبُهَا[1] فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أُفٍّ لَكُنَّ قَدْ كُنْتُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ أُبْعَثَ فِيكُنَّ وَ أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ مِنْكُنَّ إِذَا تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَخَذَتْ بَع

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman whose husband dies; if she during her waiting period can go out for a right. He (the Imam) said, ‘Certain ones of the wives of the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, asked saying, ‘Hu

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الَّتِي تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَ تَحُجُّ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ تَخْرُجُ وَ تَنْتَقِلُ مِنْ مَنْزِلٍ إِلَى مَنْزِلٍ.

“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a woman whose husband dies; if she can perform al-Hajj. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, she can do so and she can move from one house to another house.’”

لَهَا نِصْفُ الْمَهْرِ وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ كَامِلًا وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ كَامِلَةً[1].

“I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘ Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a woman whose husband dies before going to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘She deserves one- half of mahr (dower) and complete inheritance but she must count a complete waiting period/”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا قَالَ إِنْ هَلَكَتْ أَوْ هَلَكَ أَوْ طَلَّقَهَا فَلَهَا النِّصْفُ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ كَمَلًا وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ.

‘If he or she dies or he divorces her, she deserves one- half of the mahr (dower), complete inheritance and must count complete waiting period.’”

فِي الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا إِنَّ لَهَا نِصْفَ الصَّدَاقِ وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ.

“About the case of a woman whose husband dies before going to bed with her, Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.), has said, ‘She deserves one-half of mahr (dower), complete inheritance and must count complete waiting period.’”

إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ قَدْ دَخَلَ بِهَا وَ قَدْ فَرَضَ لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا فَرَضَ لَهَا وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one has not gone to bed with his wife but has set up mahr (dower), she deserves one-half of the mahr (dower) that is set for her and complete inheritance. She must count complete waiting period.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تَمُوتُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ بِهَا أَوْ يَمُوتُ الزَّوْجُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَقَالَ أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ فَلِلْمَرْأَةِ نِصْفُ مَا فَرَضَ لَهَا وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَرَضَ لَهَا فَلَا مَهْرَ لَهَا.

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a woman who dies before his going to bed with her or her husband dies before going to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘Whoever of them dies she deserves one-half of mahr (dower) which is set for her, but if it is not set for her then mahr (dower) is not payable t

فِي امْرَأَةٍ تُوُفِّيَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ بِهَا مَا لَهَا مِنَ الْمَهْرِ وَ كَيْفَ مِيرَاثُهَا فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ قَدْ فَرَضَ لَهَا صَدَاقاً فَلَهَا نِصْفُ الْمَهْرِ وَ هُوَ يَرِثُهَا وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَرَضَ لَهَا صَدَاقاً فَلَا صَدَاقَ لَهَا وَ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ تُوُفِّيَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِامْرَأَتِهِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ فَرَضَ لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَهَا نِصْفُ الْمَهْرِ وَ هِيَ تَرِثُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَر

“About the case of a woman who dies before his going to bed with her, about her mahr (dower) and her inheritance, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If mahr (dower) is set for her, she deserves one-half of it and he inherits her legacy. If mahr (dower) is not set then mahr (dower) is not payable to her.’ About the case

لَهَا نِصْفُ الصَّدَاقِ وَ تَرِثُهُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ وَ إِنْ مَاتَتْ فَهِيَ كَذَلِكَ‌[1].

“Once we asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman and then dies. He has set mahr (dower) for her. He (the Imam) said, ’She deserve one-half of the mahr (dower) and complete inheritance. If she dies the same rule applies in her favor.’”

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ لَمْ يَمَسَّهَا قَالَ لَا تَنْكِحُ حَتَّى تَعْتَدَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا.

8. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from Muhammad ibn Ziyad from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin issued a judgment about one whose husband had died before going to bed with her, that said, ’She must not marry until her waiting period

هِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ الَّتِي لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا إِنْ كَانَ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَهَا نِصْفُهُ وَ هِيَ تَرِثُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَا مَهْرَ لَهَا وَ هِيَ تَرِثُهُ قُلْتُ وَ الْعِدَّةُ قَالَ كُفَّ عَنْ هَذَا.

“About the case of a woman whose husband dies before going to bed with her, abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘She is like a divorced woman with whom he has not gone to bed. If mahr (dower) is set for her she deserves one-half of it, otherwise, she does not have the right to demand mahr (dower) but she has the right to

لَهَا نِصْفُ الْمَهْرِ وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ.

“About the case of a woman whose husband dies before going to bed with her, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘She deserves one-half of mahr (dower), complete inheritance and she must count the waiting period.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ هَلَكَ زَوْجُهَا وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا قَالَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ كَامِلَةً وَ إِنْ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَهَا نِصْفُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ لَهَا.

“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a woman whose husband dies before going to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘She inherits and must count the waiting period, if mahr (dower) was set for her she deserved one-half of it, otherwise, she does not have the right to demand mahr (dower).”’

تَعْتَدُّ بِأَبْعَدِ الْأَجَلَيْنِ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً.

“This is about the case of a man who divorces his wife in a manner that gives him the right to go back to her, then he dies. One of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘ Abd Allah) (a.s.), has said, ‘She must count her waiting period in the form of the longer period of time, which is four months and ten days.”’

تَعْتَدُّ بِأَبْعَدِ الْأَجَلَيْنِ.

“About the case of a woman divorced irrevocably if her husband dies, he (the Imam), ‘Alayhim al- Salam, has said, ‘She must count her waiting period according to the longer of the two forms of waiting periods.’”

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ وَ هِيَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا قَالَ تَرِثُهُ وَ إِنْ تُوُفِّيَتْ وَ هِيَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا فَإِنَّهُ يَرِثُهَا وَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا يَرِثُ مِنْ دِيَةِ صَاحِبِهِ مَا لَمْ يَقْتُلْ أَحَدُهُمَا الْآخَرَ وَ زَادَ فِيهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ وَ تَعْتَدُّ عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا. قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سَمَاعَةَ وَ هَذَا الْكَلَ

3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from Muhammad ibn Ziyad from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has stated this Hadith. ’Amir al-Mu’minin issued a judgment in the case of a man who divorced his wife; then died; when she counted her waiting period, that

الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا يُنْفَقُ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ مَالِهِ.

“About the case of a woman whose husband has died, one of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said that her maintenance must be paid from her husband’s assets.’”

تَعْتَدُّ أَبْعَدَ الْأَجَلَيْنِ عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who divorces his wife and dies before the end of her waiting period. He (the Imam) said, ‘She must count her waiting period according to the longer of the two periods of time.’”

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ طُلِّقَتْ ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا وَ لَمْ تَحْرُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّهَا تَرِثُهُ ثُمَّ تَعْتَدُّ عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ إِنْ تُوُفِّيَتْ وَ هِيَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا وَ لَمْ تَحْرُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّهُ يَرِثُهَا.

“I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), saying, ‘If a woman is divorced and her husband dies before her waiting period ends, when she has not become stranger to him, she inherits his legacy and must complete a waiting period for a widow. If she dies before the end of her waiting period when she has not become stranger to him,

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَرِيضِ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ إِنْ شَاءَ فَإِنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا وَرِثَتْهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا فَنِكَاحُهُ بَاطِلٌ‌[1].

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who is ill; if he can divorce his wife in such condition. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot divorce, however, he can marry if he wants and if he goes to bed with her, she inherits his legacy but if he did not go to bed with her his marriage is invalid.’”

إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ تَطْلِيقَةً فِي مَرَضِهِ ثُمَّ مَكَثَتْ فِي مَرَضِهِ حَتَّى انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا فَإِنَّهَا تَرِثُهُ مَا لَمْ تَتَزَوَّجْ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ تَزَوَّجَتْ بَعْدَ انْقِضَاءِ الْعِدَّةِ فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَرِثُهُ.

“About the case of a man who divorces his wife once during his illness and waits until her waiting period ends she inherits him as long as she does not marry; but if she marries after her waiting period she then does not inherit his legacy.’”

إِنْ مَاتَ فِي مَرَضِهِ وَ لَمْ تَتَزَوَّجْ وَرِثَتْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَتْ فَقَدْ رَضِيَتْ بِالَّذِي صَنَعَ لَا مِيرَاثَ لَهَا.

“About the case of a man who divorces his wife during his illness, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If he dies from his illness and she has not married, she inherits his legacy. If she has married then she has agreed with what she has done, thus, she does have the right to inherit.’”

لَا يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُ الْمَرِيضِ وَ يَجُوزُ نِكَاحُهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One’s divorcing during his illness is not permissible, however, his marriage is permissible.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ حَتَّى مَضَى لِذَلِكَ سَنَةٌ قَالَ تَرِثُهُ إِذَا كَانَ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي طَلَّقَهَا وَ لَمْ يَصِحَّ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who divorces his wife during his illness and one year passes. He (the Imam) said, ‘She inherits if it is during his illness in which he divorced her, but not in between (she does not inherit if divorce takes place between two illnesses).”’

قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ تَطْلِيقَةً وَ قَدْ كَانَ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ قَالَ فَإِنَّهَا تَرِثُهُ إِذَا كَانَ فِي مَرَضِهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا حَدُّ الْمَرَضِ قَالَ لَا يَزَالُ مَرِيضاً حَتَّى يَمُوتَ وَ إِنْ طَالَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى السَّنَةِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who divorces his wife once when he is ill and he had divorced her twice before. He (the Imam) said, ‘She inherits his legacy if it was during his illness.’ I then asked, ‘What is the limit of illness?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The illness which continues until he

إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي مَرَضِهِ وَرِثَتْهُ مَا دَامَ فِي مَرَضِهِ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنِ انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَصِحَّ مِنْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ طَالَ بِهِ الْمَرَضُ قَالَ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ سَنَةٍ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man divorces his wife during his illness she inherits his legacy as long as it is in his illness even if her waiting period ends unless he gets well from that illness.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if the illness prolongs?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is up to one year.’”

لَيْسَ لِلْمَرِيضِ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ وَ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One cannot divorce his wife in his illness but his marriage is permissible.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ قَالَ تَرِثُهُ مَا دَامَتْ فِي عِدَّتِهَا وَ إِنْ طَلَّقَهَا فِي حَالِ إِضْرَارٍ[1] فَهِيَ تَرِثُهُ إِلَى سَنَةٍ فَإِنْ زَادَ عَلَى السَّنَةِ يَوْماً وَاحِداً لَمْ تَرِثْهُ وَ تَعْتَدُّ مِنْهُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا[1].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who divorces his wife when he is ill. He (the Imam) said that she inherits his legacy. She inherits him as long as she is in her waiting period. If he has divorced her in a condition that harms her, she inherits him up to one year; and if it is more than one

فِي رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ فِي صِحَّةٍ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَ التَّطْلِيقَةَ الثَّالِثَةَ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ إِنَّهَا تَرِثُهُ مَا دَامَ فِي مَرَضِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ إِلَى سَنَةٍ.

“About the case of a man who divorces his wife twice when he is not ill and the third divorce is in his illness, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘She inherits him as long as he is ill even if it prolongs for one year.’”

نَعَمْ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ وَرِثَتْهُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَتْ لَمْ يَرِثْهَا.

“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the case of a man who is about to die, and he divorces his wife; if such divorce is permissible. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is permissible and if he dies she inherits his legacy but if she dies he does not inherit her legacy.’”

لَيْسَ لِلْمَرِيضِ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ وَ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ فَإِنْ هُوَ تَزَوَّجَ وَ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ فِي مَرَضِهِ فَنِكَاحُهُ بَاطِلٌ وَ لَا مَهْرَ لَهَا وَ لَا مِيرَاثَ.

“One of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘A man in his illness must not divorce his wife; but he can marry a woman. If he marries and goes to bed with her, it is permissible; and if he did not go to bed with her until he dies from that illness, his marriage is invalid and she d

لَا يُضَارَّ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ إِذَا طَلَّقَهَا فَيُضَيِّقَ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَنْتَقِلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ‌ وَ لا تُضآرُّوهُنَ‌ لِتُضَيِّقُوا عَلَيْهِنَ‌[4]. - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مِثْلَهُ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A man must not harm his wife when he divorces her to make it difficult for her so she is forced to move away before the end of her waiting period. Al

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ طَلَاقِ الْغُلَامِ لَمْ يَحْتَلِمْ وَ صَدَقَتِهِ فَقَالَ إِذَا طَلَّقَ لِلسُّنَّةِ وَ وَضَعَ الصَّدَقَةَ فِي مَوْضِعِهَا وَ حَقِّهَا فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ هُوَ جَائِزٌ[1].

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the divorce of a boy who is not mature yet, and his charity. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he divorces according to Sunnah and places charity in the proper place where it rightly belongs, it is not unlawful and it is permissible.’”

لَيْسَ طَلَاقُ الصَّبِيِّ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that divorce of a child does not have any valid effect.’”

لَا يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُ الصَّبِيِّ وَ لَا السَّكْرَانِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Divorce by a child and one who is drunk do not have any valid effect.’”

[لَا] يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُ الْغُلَامِ إِذَا كَانَ قَدْ عَقَلَ وَ وَصِيَّتُهُ وَ صَدَقَتُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَحْتَلِمْ. - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مِثْلَهُ.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from a number of his people from ibn Bukayr who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Divorce by a child is [not] permissible if he understands as well as his will and charity and even if he does not

[لَا] يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُ الصَّبِيِّ إِذَا بَلَغَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ‌[3].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that divorce by a child is [not] permissible when he becomes ten years old.”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ الْأَحْمَقُ الذَّاهِبُ الْعَقْلِ يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُ وَلِيِّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ وَ لِمَ لَا يُطَلِّقُ هُوَ قُلْتُ لَا يُؤْمَنُ إِنْ طَلَّقَ هُوَ أَنْ يَقُولَ غَداً لَمْ أُطَلِّقْ أَوْ لَا يُحْسِنُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ قَالَ مَا أَرَى وَلِيَّهُ إِلَّا بِمَنْزِلَةِ السُّلْطَانِ.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has a mental condition and his reason is gone; if divorce by his guardian is permissible. He (the Imam) said, ‘Why does he not divorce?’ I replied, ‘He does not feel safe because tomorrow he may say that he did not divorce or he does not know how to do i

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ يَعْرِفُ رَأْيَهُ مَرَّةً وَ يُنْكِرُهُ أُخْرَى يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُ وَلِيِّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ مَا لَهُ هُوَ لَا يُطَلِّقُ قُلْتُ لَا يَعْرِفُ حَدَّ الطَّلَاقِ- وَ لَا يُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ طَلَّقَ الْيَوْمَ أَنْ يَقُولَ غَداً لَمْ أُطَلِّقْ قَالَ مَا أَرَاهُ إِلَّا بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْإِمَامِ يَعْنِي الْوَلِيَّ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who sometime understands and sometimes does not understand: if his divorce by his guardian is permissible. He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is the matter with him, why does he not divorce?’ I replied, ‘He does not know the rules of divorce and does not feel safe. P

أَنَّ الْمُوَلَّهَ‌[1] لَيْسَ لَهُ طَلَاقٌ وَ لَا عِتْقُهُ عِتْقٌ.

“Abu Ja‘far, and abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), have said, ‘Divorce by al-Muwallah (confused, excited, awestruck); one’s divorce and setting free of slaves is not valid.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ طَلَاقِ الْمَعْتُوهِ الذَّاهِبِ الْعَقْلِ أَ يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُهُ قَالَ لَا وَ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا كَانَتْ كَذَلِكَ أَ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُهَا أَوْ صَدَقَتُهَا قَالَ لَا.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has a mental condition whose reason has gone; if his divorce is permissible. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not permissible.’ About a woman of the same condition if her selling and charity is permissible, he (the Imam) said, ‘It is not permissible.’”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ الْمَعْتُوهُ الَّذِي لَا يُحْسِنُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ يُطَلِّقُ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ عَلَى السُّنَّةِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ جَهِلَ فَطَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثاً فِي مَقْعَدٍ قَالَ يُرَدُّ إِلَى السُّنَّةِ فَإِذَا مَضَتْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةُ قُرُوءٍ فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ بِوَاحِدَةٍ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man because of a mental condition cannot divorce properly, his guardian must do it for him according to Sunnah .’ I then asked, ‘What happens if because of ignorance he divorced her three times at the same place and time?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is returned to the Sunnah and whe

كُلُّ طَلَاقٍ جَائِزٌ إِلَّا طَلَاقَ الْمَعْتُوهِ أَوِ الصَّبِيِّ أَوْ مُبَرْسَمٍ أَوْ مَجْنُونٍ أَوْ مَكْرُوهٍ‌[1].

‘Divorce is permissible except divorce by a man with mental condition, a child or Mubarsam, (suffering from a disease of diaphragm), an insane or a coerced one.”’

يُطَلِّقُ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ فَإِنِّي أَرَاهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْإِمَامِ.

“About the case of a man suffering from a mental condition, abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘His guardian divorces for him because I see him like the Imam (for him).”’