The Book of Talaq (Divorces)

إِنَّ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ جَحْشٍ قَالَتْ أَ يَرَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنْ خَلَّى سَبِيلَنَا أَنَّا لَا نَجِدُ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ وَ قَدْ كَانَ اعْتَزَلَ نِسَاءَهُ تِسْعاً وَ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً فَلَمَّا قَالَتْ زَيْنَبُ الَّذِي قَالَتْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص فَقَالَ- قُلْ لِأَزْواجِكَ إِنْ كُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ الْحَياةَ الدُّنْيا وَ زِينَتَها فَتَعالَيْنَ أُمَتِّعْكُنَ‌ الْآيَتَيْنِ كِلْتَي

4. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from Ja‘far ibn Sama‘ah from Dawud ibn Sarhan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Zaynab bint Jahash once said, ‘Does the Messenger of Allah think that if he divorces us we will not find anyone other than him to marry us?’ He had stayed awa

إِنَّ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ جَحْشٍ قَالَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَا تَعْدِلُ وَ أَنْتَ نَبِيٌّ فَقَالَ تَرِبَتْ يَدَاكِ‌[1] إِذَا لَمْ أَعْدِلْ فَمَنْ يَعْدِلُ فَقَالَتْ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لِيَقْطَعَ يَدَيَّ فَقَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ لَتَتْرَبَانِ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّكَ إِنْ طَلَّقْتَنَا وَجَدْنَا فِي قَوْمِنَا أَكْفَاءَنَا فَاحْتَبَسَ الْوَحْيُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص تِسْعاً وَ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that once Zaynab bint Jahash said to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, ‘You are not fair and you are the Prophet.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) replied, ‘May your hands become soiled, ‘If I am not fair then

إِنَّمَا الْخِيَرَةُ لَنَا لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ وَ إِنَّمَا خَيَّرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِمَكَانِ عَائِشَةَ فَاخْتَرْنَ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُنَّ أَنْ يَخْتَرْنَ غَيْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.

“About the case of a man who gives his wife the choice abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The choice is only for us and not for anyone else. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, gave the choice because of the words of ‘A’ishah. T

لَا يَحِلُّ خُلْعُهَا حَتَّى تَقُولَ لِزَوْجِهَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أُبِرُّ لَكَ قَسَماً وَ لَا أُطِيعُ لَكَ أَمْراً وَ لَا أَغْتَسِلُ لَكَ مِنْ جَنَابَةٍ وَ لَأُوطِئَنَّ فِرَاشَكَ وَ لآَذَنَنَّ عَلَيْكَ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِكَ‌[1] وَ قَدْ كَانَ النَّاسُ يُرَخِّصُونَ فِيمَا دُونَ هَذَا فَإِذَا قَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ ذَلِكَ لِزَوْجِهَا حَلَّ لَهُ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهَا فَكَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ بَاقِيَتَيْنِ وَ كَانَ ال

‘Al-Khul‘ (divorce for payment) is not lawful until she says to her husband, “By Allah, I will not honor your turn, will not obey your order, will not take Ghusl (bath) for you because of sexual intercourse, will not sit on your furnishing and I will give permission without your permission.” People applied KhuV for les

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُخْتَلِعَةِ فَقَالَ لَا يَحِلُّ لِزَوْجِهَا أَنْ يَخْلَعَهَا حَتَّى تَقُولَ لَا أُبِرُّ لَكَ قَسَماً وَ لَا أُقِيمُ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فِيكَ وَ لَا أَغْتَسِلُ لَكَ مِنْ جَنَابَةٍ وَ لَأُوطِئَنَّ فِرَاشَكَ وَ لَأُدْخِلَنَّ بَيْتَكَ مَنْ تَكْرَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَعْلَمَ هَذَا وَ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُونَهُمْ وَ تَكُونُ هِيَ الَّتِي تَقُولُ ذَلِكَ فَإِذَا هِيَ اخْتَلَعَتْ فَهِيَ بَائِنٌ وَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a woman divorced by means of al- Khul‘. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not lawful for him until she says, ‘I will not honor your turn, follow any of the laws of Allah about you, will not take Ghusl (bath) for you because of sexual intercourse, will not step on your fur

الْمُخْتَلِعَةُ الَّتِي تَقُولُ لِزَوْجِهَا اخْلَعْنِي وَ أَنَا أُعْطِيكَ مَا أَخَذْتُ مِنْكَ فَقَالَ لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً حَتَّى تَقُولَ وَ اللَّهِ لَا أُبِرُّ لَكَ قَسَماً وَ لَا أُطِيعُ لَكَ أَمْراً وَ لآَذَنَنَّ فِي بَيْتِكَ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِكَ وَ لَأُوطِئَنَّ فِرَاشَكَ غَيْرَكَ فَإِذَا فَعَلَتْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَعْلَمَهَا حَلَّ لَهُ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهَا وَ كَانَتْ تَطْلِيقَةً بِغَيْ

‘The woman who is divorced by means of al-Khul‘, who says to her husband, ‘Divorce me and I pay what I have received from you.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not lawful for him to receive such payment until she says, ‘By Allah, I will not honor your turn, will not obey any of your orders, will allow people to enter your h

إِذَا خَلَعَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَهِيَ وَاحِدَةٌ بَائِنَةٌ وَ هُوَ خَاطِبٌ مِنَ الْخُطَّابِ وَ لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَخْلَعَهَا حَتَّى تَكُونَ هِيَ الَّتِي تَطْلُبُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يُضِرَّ بِهَا وَ حَتَّى تَقُولَ لَا أُبِرُّ لَكَ قَسَماً وَ لَا أَغْتَسِلُ لَكَ مِنْ جَنَابَةٍ وَ لَأُدْخِلَنَّ بَيْتَكَ مَنْ تَكْرَهُ وَ لَأُوطِئَنَّ فِرَاشَكَ وَ لَا أُقِيمُ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا كَانَ هَذَا مِنْهَا

‘I will not honor your turn, will not take Ghusl (bath) for you because of sexual intercourse, I will allow people whom you dislike to enter your house, allow your bed to be used by others and will not obey any of the laws of Allah about you.’ When this happens from her side, then it is fine for him to receive the paym

لَيْسَ يَحِلُّ خُلْعُهَا حَتَّى تَقُولَ لِزَوْجِهَا ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مِثْلَ مَا ذَكَرَ أَصْحَابُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ قَدْ كَانَ يُرَخَّصُ لِلنِّسَاءِ فِيمَا هُوَ دُونَ هَذَا فَإِذَا قَالَتْ لِزَوْجِهَا ذَلِكَ حَلَّ خُلْعُهَا وَ حَلَّ لِزَوْجِهَا مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهَا وَ كَانَتْ عَلَى تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ بَاقِيَتَيْنِ وَ كَانَ الْخُلْعُ تَطْلِيقَةً وَ لَا يَكُونُ الْكَلَامُ إِلَّا مِنْ عِنْدِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ ل

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that al-KhuV is not permissible until she says to her husband ... he (the Imam) then mentioned what his people mention. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ’Less than such expressions was permitted for women and when she said such things to her husband then al-Khul ‘ became lawful for her

إِذَا قَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ لِزَوْجِهَا جُمْلَةَ لَا أُطِيعُ لَكَ أَمْراً مُفَسَّراً أَوْ غَيْرَ مُفَسَّرٍ حَلَّ لَهُ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهَا وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that if a woman says to her husband in general, ‘I will not obey any of your orders with or without explanation, then it is lawful for him to receive payment and he cannot do ruju’ (go back to her).”’

الْخُلْعُ وَ الْمُبَارَاةُ تَطْلِيقَةٌ بَائِنٌ وَ هُوَ خَاطِبٌ مِنَ الْخُطَّابِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Al -Khul‘ and al-Mubarat (denouncing) is of the kind of divorce which makes the parties become strangers to each other and he becomes one of those who may propose marriage.’”

إِذَا قَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ اللَّهِ لَا أُطِيعُ لَكَ أَمْراً مُفَسَّراً أَوْ غَيْرَ مُفَسَّرٍ حَلَّ لَهُ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهَا وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that when a woman says, ‘By Allah I will not obey any of your commands with or without explanation’, then whatever payment he receives from her becomes lawful for him and he cannot do ruju’ (go back to her).”’

جَمِيلٌ لِلرَّجُلِ مَا تَقُولُ رَضِيْتَ بِهَذَا الَّذِي أَخَذْتَ وَ تَرَكْتَهَا فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ جَمِيلٌ قُومُوا فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا عَلِيٍّ لَيْسَ تُرِيدُ يَتْبَعُهَا الطَّلَاقُ قَالَ لَا قَالَ وَ كَانَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سَمَاعَةَ يَقُولُ يَتْبَعُهَا الطَّلَاقُ فِي الْعِدَّةِ وَ يَحْتَجُّ بِرِوَايَةِ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنِ الْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع الْمُخْتَلِعَةُ يَتْبَعُهَا الطَّلَاقُ

thatJamil wanted al-Khul ‘ for his daughter from a certain persons of our people; that Jamil said to that man, ‘What do you say, do you agree with what you have received and leave her free?’ He replied, ‘Yes, I agree.’ Jamil then said to them, ‘You can get up and go.’ They asked, ‘O abu Ali, do you not want that divorc

فِي الْمُخْتَلِعَةِ إِنَّهَا لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَتُوبَ مِنْ قَوْلِهَا الَّذِي قَالَتْ لَهُ عِنْدَ الْخُلْعِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a woman involved in al-Khul‘ cannot become lawful for him until she repents because of her statements that she has expressed when proceeding for al- Khul S’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُبَارَاةِ كَيْفَ هِيَ فَقَالَ يَكُونُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ شَيْ‌ءٌ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا مِنْ صَدَاقٍ أَوْ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ وَ يَكُونُ قَدْ أَعْطَاهَا بَعْضَهُ فَيَكْرَهُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فَتَقُولُ الْمَرْأَةُ لِزَوْجِهَا مَا أَخَذْتُ مِنْكَ فَهُوَ لِي وَ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْكَ فَهُوَ لَكَ وَ أُبَارِئُكَ فَيَقُولُ الرَّجُلُ لَهَا فَإِنْ أَنْتِ رَجَعْتِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ مِمَّا تَرَكْتِ فَأَنَا أَحَقُّ بِبُضْعِكِ‌[2]

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about al-Mubarat and about how it takes place. He (the Imam) said, ’It happens when a man owes something to his wife like mahr (dower) or so, of which a certain amount is paid to her, then they dislike each other. The woman says to her husband, ‘Whatever I have received from you is

الْمُبَارِئَةُ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهَا دُونَ الصَّدَاقِ وَ الْمُخْتَلِعَةُ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهَا مَا شَاءَ أَوْ مَا تَرَاضَيَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ صَدَاقٍ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ وَ إِنَّمَا صَارَتِ الْمُبَارِئَةُ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهَا دُونَ الْمَهْرِ وَ الْمُخْتَلِعَةُ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهَا مَا شَاءَ لِأَنَّ الْمُخْتَلِعَةَ تَعْتَدِي فِي الْكَلَامِ وَ تَكَلَّمُ بِمَا لَا يَحِلُّ لَهَا.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that in al-Mubarat (disavowing) he can receive an amount which is less than mahr (dower) but in al-Khul ‘ he can receive whatever he wants or on what both parties agree, like the amount of mahr (dower) or more. In al-Mubarat (disavowing) she pays less than mahr (dower) and in al-Khul ‘ he c

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِنْ بَارَأَتْ امْرَأَةٌ زَوْجَهَا فَهِيَ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ هُوَ خَاطِبٌ مِنَ الْخُطَّابِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that if a woman demands for divorce in the manner of al- Mubarat (disavowing) it is a divorce only once, because of which he becomes one of those who can propose marriage with her.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ قَالَتْ لِزَوْجِهَا لَكَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ خَلِّ سَبِيلِي فَقَالَ هَذِهِ الْمُبَارَاةُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who says to her husband, ‘So and so amount is for you to set me free (from the bonds of marriage). He (the Imam) said, ‘This is al-Mubarat (disavowing).”’

الْمُبَارَاةُ تَقُولُ الْمَرْأَةُ لِزَوْجِهَا لَكَ مَا عَلَيْكَ وَ اتْرُكْنِي أَوْ تَجْعَلُ لَهُ مِنْ قِبَلِهَا شَيْئاً فَيَتْرُكُهَا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ يَقُولُ فَإِنِ ارْتَجَعْتِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ فَأَنَا أَمْلَكُ بِبُضْعِكِ وَ لَا يَحِلُّ لِزَوْجِهَا أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهَا إِلَّا الْمَهْرَ فَمَا دُونَهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that al-Mubarat (disavowing) takes place when a woman says to her husband, ‘Whatever you owe to me is for you and set me free (from the bond of marriage).’ Or she pays extra from her side so he sets her free, except that he can say that if she goes back in anything, then he will be more

الْمُبَارِئَةُ تَقُولُ لِزَوْجِهَا لَكَ مَا عَلَيْكَ وَ بَارِئْنِي وَ يَتْرُكُهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ فَيَقُولُ لَهَا فَإِنِ ارْتَجَعْتِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ فَأَنَا أَمْلَكُ بِبُضْعِكِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

’You can have whatever you owe to me and free me (from the bonds of marriage). He then sets her free (from the bonds of marriage).’ I (the narrator) then asked, ’Will he then say to her, "If you demand anything back then I will have more right than anyone else to have you as my wife”?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تُبَارِئُ زَوْجَهَا أَوْ تَخْتَلِعُ مِنْهُ بِشَاهِدَيْنِ عَلَى طُهْرٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ هَلْ تَبِينُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مَا ذَكَرْتَ فَنَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ قَدْ رُوِيَ لَنَا أَنَّهَا لَا تَبِينُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَتْبَعَهَا الطَّلَاقُ قَالَ فَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ إِذاً خُلْعاً[1] فَقُلْتُ تَبِينُ مِنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

“I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a woman who arranges al-Mubarat (disavowing) or al-Khul ‘ in the presence of two witnesses, in a Hayd (menses)-free period and without sexual intercourse; if she becomes stranger to him. He (the Imam) said, ’Yes, if it happens as you said has happened.’ I then said, ‘It

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَلْ يَكُونُ خُلْعٌ أَوْ مُبَارَاةٌ إِلَّا بِطُهْرٍ فَقَالَ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا بِطُهْرٍ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if al-Mubarat (disavowing) or al-Khul‘ can take place without Hayd (menses)-free period. He (the Imam) said, ‘It cannot take place without Hayd (menses)- free period.’”

لَا يَكُونُ طَلَاقٌ وَ لَا تَخْيِيرٌ وَ لَا مُبَارَاةٌ إِلَّا عَلَى طُهْرٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ بِشُهُودٍ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that no divorce, choice or al-Mubarat (disavowing) can take place without Hayd (menses)-free period, free from sexual intercourse and without the presence of witnesses.’”

قَالَ: لَا طَلَاقَ وَ لَا خُلْعَ وَ لَا مُبَارَاةَ وَ لَا خِيَارَ إِلَّا عَلَى طُهْرٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Divorce, al-Khul‘ , al-Mubarat (disavowing) and choice are only valid during a Hayd (menses)-free period in which sexual intercourse has not happened.’”

عِدَّةُ الْمُخْتَلِعَةِ مِثْلُ عِدَّةِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ وَ خُلْعُهَا طَلَاقُهَا.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that waiting period for al-Khul‘ is like the waiting period for divorced woman and al-Khul‘ is her divorce.’”

لَا تُمَتَّعُ الْمُخْتَلِعَةُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a woman because of al-Khul‘ does not receive any benefit.’”

الْمُخْتَلِعَةُ لَا تُمَتَّعُ.

“He (the Imam) ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that woman of al-Khul‘ does not receive any benefits.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ عِدَّةِ الْمُخْتَلِعَةِ كَمْ هِيَ قَالَ عِدَّةُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ وَ لْتَعْتَدَّ فِي بَيْتِهَا وَ الْمُبَارِئَةُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمُخْتَلِعَةِ.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the waiting period of a woman in al-Khul‘. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is like the waiting period of a divorced woman and she must complete her waiting period in her home and a woman in al-Mubarat (disavowing) is the same as the one in al-Khul‘.’”

عِدَّةُ الْمُخْتَلِعَةِ عِدَّةُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ وَ خُلْعُهَا طَلَاقُهَا قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ هَلْ تُمَتَّعُ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ قَالَ لَا.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that waiting period for a woman in al-Khul‘ is like that of a divorced woman and her al-Khul‘ is her divorce.’ He (the narrator) has said that he then asked if she receives any benefits. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, she does not receive any benefits.’”

عِدَّتُهَا عِدَّةُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ وَ تَعْتَدُّ فِي بَيْتِهَا وَ الْمُخْتَلِعَةُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمُبَارِئَةِ.

“About the case of a woman in al-Khul‘ abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Her waiting period is like the waiting period of a divorced woman. She must count her waiting period in her home and a woman of al-Khul‘ is like the woman in al-Mubarat (disavowing).”’

الْمُخْتَلِعَةُ لَا سُكْنَى لَهَا وَ لَا نَفَقَةَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that women in al-Khul‘ do not have the right for maintenance and housing.’”

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ لِكُلِّ مُطَلَّقَةٍ مُتْعَةٌ إِلَّا الْمُخْتَلِعَةَ فَإِنَّهَا اشْتَرَتْ نَفْسَهَا.

‘Every divorced woman has the right to receive benefits except women in al-Khul‘ who purchase themselves.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اخْتَلَعَتْ مِنْهُ امْرَأَتُهُ أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَخْطُبَ أُخْتَهَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّةُ الْمُخْتَلِعَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَدْ بَرِئَتْ عِصْمَتُهَا مِنْهُ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ[1].

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man whose wife has arranged al- Khul‘: if it is permissible for him to propose marriage to her sister before waiting period because of al-KhuV is complete. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, because she has freed herself from the bonds of his marriage and he does not hav

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ إِنِ امْرَأَةٌ خافَتْ‌ مِنْ بَعْلِها نُشُوزاً أَوْ إِعْراضاً[2] فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ كَذَلِكَ فَهَمَّ بِطَلَاقِهَا قَالَتْ لَهُ أَمْسِكْنِي وَ أَدَعَ لَكَ بَعْضَ مَا عَلَيْكَ وَ أُحَلِّلَكَ مِنْ يَوْمِي وَ لَيْلَتِي حَلَّ لَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا.

‘If he intends to divorce her and she says to him, ‘Keep me; I will leave for you something of what you owe to me and wave my day and night.’ It is lawful for him and it is not a sin on anyone of them.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ إِنِ امْرَأَةٌ خافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِها نُشُوزاً أَوْ إِعْراضاً فَقَالَ هِيَ الْمَرْأَةُ تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ فَيَكْرَهُهَا فَيَقُولُ لَهَا إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُطَلِّقَكِ فَتَقُولُ لَهُ لَا تَفْعَلْ إِنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ تُشْمَتَ بِي وَ لَكِنِ انْظُرْ فِي لَيْلَتِي فَاصْنَعْ بِهَا مَا شِئْتَ وَ مَا كَانَ سِوَى ذَلِكَ مِنْ شَيْ‌ءٍ فَهُوَ لَكَ وَ دَعْنِي عَلَى حَالَتِي

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious. ‘If a woman is afraid of disharmony from her husband or his disregarding her. . . .’ (4:128). He (the Imam) said, ‘She is a woman who is married and he dislikes her and tells her that he wants to divorce her. She then says, ‘Do

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ إِنِ امْرَأَةٌ خافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِها نُشُوزاً أَوْ إِعْراضاً قَالَ هَذَا تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ لَا تُعْجِبُهُ فَيُرِيدُ طَلَاقَهَا فَتَقُولُ لَهُ أَمْسِكْنِي وَ لَا تُطَلِّقْنِي وَ أَدَعَ لَكَ مَا عَلَى ظَهْرِكَ وَ أُعْطِيَكَ مِنْ مَالِي وَ أُحَلِّلَكَ مِنْ يَوْمِي وَ لَيْلَتِي فَقَدْ طَابَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ كُلُّهُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘If a woman is afraid of disharmony from her husband or his disregarding her. . . .’ (4:128) He (the Imam) said, ‘This is a man who has a wife whom he does not like. He wants to divorce her, thus, she says to him, “Keep me and

سَأَلْتُ الْعَبْدَ الصَّالِحَ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ‌ شِقاقَ بَيْنِهِما فَابْعَثُوا حَكَماً مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَ حَكَماً مِنْ أَهْلِها[1] فَقَالَ يَشْتَرِطُ الْحَكَمَانِ إِنْ شَاءَا فَرَّقَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَا جَمَعَا فَفَرَّقَا أَوْ جَمَعَا جَازَ.

“I once asked the virtuous servant of Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘If you are afraid of discord between them then send one arbitrator from his people and another from her people.’ (4:35) He (the Imam) then said, ‘The two arbitrators stipulate upon them that their decision to se

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- فَابْعَثُوا حَكَماً مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَ حَكَماً مِنْ أَهْلِها قَالَ لَيْسَ لِلْحَكَمَيْنِ أَنْ يُفَرِّقَا حَتَّى يَسْتَأْمِرَا الرَّجُلَ وَ الْمَرْأَةَ وَ يَشْتَرِطَا عَلَيْهِمَا إِنْ شِئْنَا جَمَعْنَا وَ إِنْ شِئْنَا فَرَّقْنَا فَإِنْ جَمَعَا فَجَائِزٌ فَإِنْ فَرَّقَا فَجَائِزٌ[2].

‘The arbitrator cannot separate or unite them without first getting approval from the man and woman and a stipulation that their decision of separating or uniting them must be treated binding. Thus, if they decided for separation or unification it is permissible.’”

الْحَكَمَانِ يَشْتَرِطَانِ إِنْ شَاءَا فَرَّقَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَا جَمَعَا فَإِنْ جَمَعَا فَجَائِزٌ وَ إِنْ فَرَّقَا فَجَائِزٌ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘If you are afraid of discord between them then send one arbitrators from his people and another from her people.’ (4:35) He (the Imam) said, ‘The two arbitrators stipulate upon them that their decision to separate or to bring

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- فَابْعَثُوا حَكَماً مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَ حَكَماً مِنْ أَهْلِها أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَأْذَنَ الْحَكَمَانِ فَقَالا لِلرَّجُلِ وَ الْمَرْأَةِ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُمَا أَمْرَكُمَا إِلَيْنَا فِي الْإِصْلَاحِ وَ التَّفْرِيقِ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ نَعَمْ فَأَشْهَدَا بِذَلِكَ شُهُوداً عَلَيْهِمَا أَ يَجُوزُ تَفْرِيقُهُمَا عَلَيْهِمَا قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . an arbitrator from his people and an arbitrator from her people’ who then by the permission of both parties and with their stipulation that their decision must be accepted as binding. They then agree in the presence of w

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- فَابْعَثُوا حَكَماً مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَ حَكَماً مِنْ أَهْلِها قَالَ لَيْسَ لِلْحَكَمَيْنِ أَنْ يُفَرِّقَا حَتَّى يَسْتَأْمِرَا.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about, ‘If you are afraid of discord between them then send one arbitrator from his people and another from her people.’ (4:35) He (the Imam) said, ‘They cannot decide to separate them without previous authorization of their decision by the parties (the wife and husband).’

الْمَفْقُودُ إِذَا مَضَى لَهُ أَرْبَعُ سِنِينَ بَعَثَ الْوَالِي أَوْ يَكْتُبُ إِلَى النَّاحِيَةِ الَّتِي هُوَ غَائِبٌ فِيهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ أَثَرٌ أَمَرَ الْوَالِي وَلِيَّهُ أَنْ يُنْفِقَ عَلَيْهَا فَمَا أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهَا فَهِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَقُولُ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ مَا تُرِيدُ النِّسَاءُ قَالَ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ لَهَا وَ لَا كَرَامَةَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُنْفِقْ عَلَيْهَا وَلِيُّهُ أَوْ وَكِيلُ

“Once abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the case of a man who is absent and missing. He (the Imam) said, ‘If one is absent and missing for four years the authorities must send in writing to the area where he has disappeared, and if no trace of him is found the authority then commands his guardian to provide maint

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَفْقُودِ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِامْرَأَتِهِ قَالَ مَا سَكَتَتْ عَنْهُ وَ صَبَرَتْ يُخَلَّى عَنْهَا فَإِنْ هِيَ رَفَعَتْ أَمْرَهَا إِلَى الْوَالِي أَجَّلَهَا أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ يَكْتُبُ إِلَى الصُّقْعِ الَّذِي فُقِدَ فِيهِ فَلْيُسْأَلْ عَنْهُ فَإِنْ خُبِّرَ عَنْهُ بِحَيَاةٍ صَبَرَتْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُخْبَرْ عَنْهُ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ الْأَرْبَعُ سِنِينَ دُعِيَ وَلِيُّ الزَّوْ

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who is absent and missing and about how to deal with the issue of his wife. He (the Imam) said, ‘If she is silent and has exercised patience, she is not disturbed, but if she brings her case before the authorities she will be told to wait for four years. Ther

نَعَمْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلِيٌّ طَلَّقَهَا السُّلْطَانُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ قَالَ الْوَلِيُّ أَنَا أُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ فَلَا يُجْبَرُ عَلَى طَلَاقِهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ قَالَتْ أَنَا أُرِيدُ مِثْلَ مَا تُرِيدُ النِّسَاءُ وَ لَا أَصْبِرُ وَ لَا أَقْعُدُ كَمَا أَنَا قَالَ لَيْسَ لَهَا ذَلِكَ وَ لَا كَرَامَةَ إِذَا أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهَا[2].

“About the case of a woman whose husband is missing and absent for four years, has not provided her maintenance and it is not known if he is alive or not, if his guardian is compelled to divorce her. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he is compelled to do so. If he does not have any guardian, the authority and al- Sultan divor

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَفْقُودِ فَقَالَ إِنْ عَلِمَتْ أَنَّهُ فِي أَرْضٍ فَهِيَ مُنْتَظِرَةٌ لَهُ أَبَداً حَتَّى تَأْتِيَهَا مَوْتُهُ أَوْ يَأْتِيَهَا طَلَاقُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَيْنَ هُوَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ كُلِّهَا وَ لَمْ يَأْتِهَا مِنْهُ كِتَابٌ وَ لَا خَبَرٌ فَإِنَّهَا تَأْتِي الْإِمَامَ فَيَأْمُرُهَا أَنْ تَنْتَظِرَ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ فَيُطْلَبُ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ أَثَرٌ حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ الْأَرْ

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a man who is absent and missing. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is known that he is in a certain location she waits for ever until the news of his death comes or her divorce. If it is not known where he is and no letter comes from him or any news, she then comes to the

إِذَا نُعِيَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ أَوْ خَبَّرُوهَا أَنَّهُ طَلَّقَهَا فَاعْتَدَّتْ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَتْ فَجَاءَ زَوْجُهَا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ الْأَوَّلَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنْ هَذَا الْآخَرِ دَخَلَ بِهَا أَوْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا وَ لَهَا مِنَ الْأَخِيرِ الْمَهْرُ بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا قَالَ وَ لَيْسَ لِلْآخَرِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا أَبَداً. - أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الرَّزَّازُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُ

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Musa ibn Bakr from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If a woman receives news of the death of her husband or she is informed about her being divorced by her husband and she counts her waitin

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ شَهِدَا عَلَى رَجُلٍ غَائِبٍ عِنْدَ امْرَأَةٍ أَنَّهُ طَلَّقَهَا فَاعْتَدَّتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ تَزَوَّجَتْ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الزَّوْجَ الْغَائِبَ قَدِمَ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُطَلِّقْهَا وَ أَكْذَبَ نَفْسَهُ أَحَدُ الشَّاهِدَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَا سَبِيلَ لِلْأَخِيرِ عَلَيْهَا وَ يُؤْخَذُ الصَّدَاقُ‌[1] مِنَ الَّذِي شَهِدَ فَيُرَدُّ عَلَى الْأَخِيرِ وَ الْأَوَّلُ أَمْلَكُ بِهَا وَ تَعْتَدُّ مِنَ الْأَخِ

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a woman before whom two men testify that her absent husband has divorced her and she counts waiting period then marries; then the absent husband comes. He says that he has not divorced her and one of the two testifying people says that he has lied. He (the Imam) said,

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ حَسِبَ أَهْلُهُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ فَنَكَحَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ وَ تَزَوَّجَتْ سُرِّيَّتُهُ فَوَلَدَتْ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا مِنْ زَوْجِهَا فَجَاءَ زَوْجُهَا الْأَوَّلُ وَ مَوْلَى السُّرِّيَّةِ قَالَ فَقَالَ يَأْخُذُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا وَ يَأْخُذُ سُرِّيَّتَهُ وَ وَلَدَهَا أَوْ يَأْخُذُ عِوَضاً مِنْ ثَمَنِهِ‌[1].

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man whose wife thinks that he has died or is killed; thus she marries as well as his slave-girl and both give birth to their husband; then the first husband comes and the master of the slave-girl. He (the Imam) said, ‘He takes back his wife because he has the right t

فِي شَاهِدَيْنِ شَهِدَا عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ بِأَنَّ زَوْجَهَا طَلَّقَهَا أَوْ مَاتَ فَتَزَوَّجَتْ ثُمَّ جَاءَ زَوْجُهَا قَالَ يُضْرَبَانِ الْحَدَّ وَ يُضَمَّنَانِ الصَّدَاقَ لِلزَّوْجِ بِمَا غَرَّاهُ ثُمَّ تَعْتَدُّ وَ تَرْجِعُ إِلَى زَوْجِهَا الْأَوَّلِ‌[2].

“About the case of two witnesses who testify that a woman’s husband has divorced her or that he has died, thus, she marries, then the husband comes, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this Hadith. ‘They are whipped for their crime. They are held responsible for the mahr (dower) to be paid to the husband for deceit; then

إِذَا نُعِيَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ أَوْ خَبَّرُوهَا أَنَّهُ قَدْ طَلَّقَهَا فَاعْتَدَّتْ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَتْ فَجَاءَ زَوْجُهَا الْأَوَّلُ قَالَ الْأَوَّلُ أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنَ الْآخَرِ دَخَلَ بِهَا أَوْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا وَ لَهَا مِنَ الْآخَرِ الْمَهْرُ بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘If a woman receives news of the death of her husband or she is informed about her being divorced by her husband and she counts her waiting period and thereafter marries, then her previous husband comes. The first one is more rightful than the second one, regardless, he (the second) has go

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ نُعِيَ إِلَيْهَا زَوْجُهَا فَاعْتَدَّتْ وَ تَزَوَّجَتْ فَجَاءَ زَوْجُهَا الْأَوَّلُ فَفَارَقَهَا وَ فَارَقَهَا الْآخَرُ كَمْ تَعْتَدُّ لِلنَّاسِ قَالَ ثَلَاثَةَ قُرُوءٍ وَ إِنَّمَا يُسْتَبْرَأُ رَحِمُهَا بِثَلَاثَةِ قُرُوءٍ تُحِلُّهَا لِلنَّاسِ كُلِّهِمْ قَالَ زُرَارَةُ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ أُنَاساً قَالُوا تَعْتَدُّ عِدَّتَيْنِ مِنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ عِدَّةً فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ أَبُو جَعْف

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the case of a woman who receives news of the death of her husband and she counts her waiting period; then marries. Then her first husband comes. She then separates from him and he from her and about how long is her waiting period. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is three Hayd (menses)-fre