The Book of Inheritance

إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ يُوَرِّثُ ابْنَ الْأَخِ‌[1] مَعَ الْجَدِّ مِيرَاثَ أَبِيهِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Ali (a.s.), would make the son of a brother to inherit the share of his father with a grandfather.’”

أَنَّ ابْنَ الْأَخِ يُقَاسِمُ الْجَدَّ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that Jabir narrated to me from the Messenger of Allah (saww) and he [Jabir] did not lie, that the son of a brother distributes the legacy with a grandfather.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَخٍ وَ جَدٍّ فَقَالَ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَانِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a son of a brother and a grandfather. He (the Imam) said, ‘The legacy between them is half and half.’”

نَظَرْتُ إِلَى صَحِيفَةٍ يَنْظُرُ فِيهَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع فَقَرَأْتُ فِيهَا مَكْتُوباً ابْنُ أَخٍ وَ جَدٌّ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا سَوَاءٌ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنَّ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا لَا يَقْضُونَ بِهَذَا الْقَضَاءِ وَ لَا يَجْعَلُونَ لِابْنِ الْأَخِ مَعَ الْجَدِّ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع أَمَا إِنَّهُ إِمْلَاءُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ خَطُّ عَلِيٍّ ع مِنْ فِيهِ بِيَدِهِ.

“I once looked in a book in which abu Ja‘far (a.s.), was looking and I read therein that a son of a brother and grandfather share the legacy in equal ratios. I then said to abu Ja‘far (a.s.), ‘People around us do not judge with such judgment and they do not give to a son of a brother anything with a grandfather.’ Abu J

سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا يَسْأَلُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع أَوْ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌[3] وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَخٍ وَ جَدٍّ قَالَ يُجْعَلُ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَيْنِ.

“I once heard a man asking abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, when I was with him (the Imam), about the son of a brother and a grandfather. He (the Imam) said, ‘The legacy is made half and half between the two of them.’”

فِي بَنَاتِ أُخْتٍ وَ جَدٍّ فَقَالَ لِبَنَاتِ الْأُخْتِ الثُّلُثُ‌[4] وَ مَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْجَدِّ فَأَقَامَ بَنَاتِ الْأُخْتِ مَقَامَ الْأُخْتِ وَ جَعَلَ الْجَدَّ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأَخِ.

“About the case of daughters of a sister and a grandfather, abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The daughter of a sister receives one-third and the rest is for the grandfather; the daughters of the sister take the place of the sister and have made the grandfather like a brother.”’

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ مُمْلَكَةٍ[5] لَمْ‌ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا زَوْجُهَا مَاتَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ أُمَّهَا وَ أَخَوَيْنِ لَهَا مِنْ أَبِيهَا وَ أُمِّهَا وَ جَدَّهَا أَبَا أُمِّهَا وَ زَوْجَهَا قَالَ يُعْطَى الزَّوْجُ النِّصْفَ وَ تُعْطَى الْأُمُّ الْبَاقِيَ وَ لَا يُعْطَى الْجَدُّ شَيْئاً لِأَنَّ ابْنَتَهُ حَجَبَتْهُ عَنِ الْمِيرَاثِ وَ لَا يُعْطَى الْإِخْوَةُ شَيْئاً.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and a number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad all from ibn Mahbub from al-Hassan ibn Salih who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a woman who is married, but before going to bed with her

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌[1] عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ أَبَاهُ وَ عَمَّهُ وَ جَدَّهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ حَجَبَ الْأَبُ الْجَدَّ الْمِيرَاثُ لِلْأَبِ وَ لَيْسَ لِلْعَمِّ وَ لَا لِلْجَدِّ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who dies and leaves behind his father, his uncle and grandfather. He (the Imam) said, ‘The father bars

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع امْرَأَةٌ مَاتَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَ أَبَوَيْهَا أَوْ جَدَّهَا أَوْ جَدَّتَهَا كَيْفَ يُقْسَمُ مِيرَاثُهَا فَوَقَّعَ ع لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأَبَوَيْنِ وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّ وَ الْجَدَّةَ السُّدُسَ.

10. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith and Ali ibn ‘Abd Allah all from Ibrahim from ‘Abd Allah ibn Ja‘far who has narrated the following: “I once wrote to abu Muhammad, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and asked that a woman has died leaving behind her husband, her parents or her grandfather or her grandmother; h

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ السُّدُسَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, provided for the grandmother with one-sixth.’”

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ أُمَّ الْأَبِ السُّدُسَ وَ ابْنُهَا حَيٌّ وَ أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ أُمَّ الْأُمِّ السُّدُسَ وَ ابْنَتُهَا حَيَّةٌ.

Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, provided for the grandmother, mother of the father, one-sixth when his son was alive and provided for the grandmother, mother of the mother, one-sixth when her daug

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ السُّدُسَ وَ لَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا شَيْئاً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, provided for the grandmother one-sixth but did not sanction anything for her.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ص أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ السُّدُسَ طُعْمَةً.

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘The Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, provided for the grandmother one-sixth as food.’”

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ عِنْدَهُ أَبَانُ بْنُ تَغْلِبَ فَقُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ ابْنَتِي هَلَكَتْ وَ أُمِّي حَيَّةٌ فَقَالَ أَبَانٌ لَيْسَ لِأُمِّكَ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ أَعْطِهَا السُّدُسَ.

“I once visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when Aban ibn Taghlib was with him (the Imam) and I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, my daughter has died and my mother is alive.’ Aban said, ‘There is nothing for your mother.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘Allah is free of all defects, give her one-sixth.’”

إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ أَرْبَعُ جَدَّاتٍ ثِنْتَيْنِ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأُمِّ وَ ثِنْتَيْنِ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأَبِ طُرِحَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأُمِّ بِالْقُرْعَةِ فَكَانَ السُّدُسُ بَيْنَ الثَّلَاثَةِ وَ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَجْدَادٍ أُسْقِطَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأُمِّ بِالْقُرْعَةِ وَ كَانَ السُّدُسُ بَيْنَ الثَّلَاثَةِ. هَذَا قَدْ رُوِيَ وَ هِيَ أَخْبَارٌ صَحِيحَةٌ- إِلَّا أَنَّ إِجْمَاعَ الْعِصَابَةِ أَنّ

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ شَيْ‌ءٍ مِنَ الْفَرَائِضِ فَقَالَ لِي أَ لَا أُخْرِجُ لَكَ كِتَابَ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقُلْتُ كِتَابُ عَلِيٍّ ع لَمْ يَدْرُسْ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّ كِتَابَ عَلِيٍّ ع لَمْ يَدْرُسْ فَأَخْرَجَهُ فَإِذَا كِتَابٌ جَلِيلٌ وَ إِذَا فِيهِ رَجُلٌ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ عَمَّهُ وَ خَالَهُ قَالَ لِلْعَمِّ الثُّلُثَانِ وَ لِلْخَالِ الثُّلُثُ.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about certain issues of ordained shares of inheritance. He (the Imam) said, ’Do you like if I show you the book of Ali (a.s.) ?’ I said, ‘But the book of Ali (a.s.), is no longer studied.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘O abu Muhammad, how can you say that the book of Ali (a.s.), is no longe

الْخَالُ وَ الْخَالَةُ يَرِثَانِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُمَا أَحَدٌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- وَ أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى‌ بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتابِ اللَّهِ‌[1].

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The maternal uncle and maternal aunt inherit if there are no other heirs. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, ‘. . . relatives have priorities over other relatives according to the book of Allah.’(33:6)”

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ الْخَالُ وَ الْخَالَةُ يَرِثَانِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُمَا أَحَدٌ يَرِثُ غَيْرُهُمَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ- وَ أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى‌ بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتابِ اللَّهِ‌.

“I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), saying, ‘Maternal uncle and maternal aunt inherit if there are no other heirs with them. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, ‘. . . relatives have priorities over other relatives according to the book of Allah.’ (33:6)”

الثُّلُثُ وَ الثُّلُثَانِ يَعْنِي لِلْعَمَّةِ الثُّلُثَانِ وَ لِلْخَالَةِ الثُّلُثُ. - حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمُثَنَّى عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ مِثْلَهُ.

“About the case of the paternal aunt and maternal aunt, abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘It is one-third and two-thirds; two-thirds for the paternal aunt and one-third for the maternal aunt.’” Humayd ibn Ziyad, from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad, from al-Muthanna’, from Aban, from abu Maryam, from abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has narrated

لِلْعَمَّةِ الثُّلُثَانِ وَ لِلْخَالَةِ الثُّلُثُ.

About the case of a man who has left behind his paternal aunt and maternal aunt, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The paternal aunt receives two-thirds and the maternal aunt receives one- third.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَمُوتُ وَ يَتْرُكُ خَالَهُ وَ خَالَتَهُ وَ عَمَّهُ وَ عَمَّتَهُ وَ ابْنَهُ وَ ابْنَتَهُ وَ أَخَاهُ وَ أُخْتَهُ فَقَالَ كُلُّ هَؤُلَاءِ يَرِثُونَ‌[1] وَ يَحُوزُونَ فَإِذَا اجْتَمَعَتِ الْعَمَّةُ وَ الْخَالَةُ فَلِلْعَمَّةِ الثُّلُثَانِ وَ لِلْخَالَةِ الثُّلُثُ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who dies and leaves behind a maternal uncle, maternal aunt, paternal uncle, paternal aunt, his son, his daughter, his br

أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى‌ بِبَعْضٍ‌ الْمَالُ بَيْنَ الْخَالَتَيْنِ

“About the case of a man who dies leaving behind his two maternal aunts and relatives, abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Relatives have priorities over each other. The legacy belongs to the two maternal aunts.”’

قَالَ: إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ وَ تَرَكَ عَمَّتَهُ وَ خَالَتَهُ فَلِلْعَمَّةِ الثُّلُثَانِ وَ لِلْخَالَةِ الثُّلُثُ. قَالَ الْفَضْلُ إِنْ تَرَكَ الْمَيِّتُ عَمَّيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا لِأَبٍ وَ أُمٍّ وَ الْآخَرُ لِأَبٍ فَالْمَالُ لِلْعَمِّ الَّذِي لِلْأَبِ وَ الْأُمِّ وَ إِنْ تَرَكَ أَعْمَاماً وَ عَمَّاتٍ فَالْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمْ‌ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ‌ وَ إِنْ تَرَكَ أَخْوَالًا وَ خَالاتٍ فَالْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمُ

الْمِيرَاثُ كُلُّهُ لِزَوْجِهَا.

The entire legacy belongs to the husband.’”

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَدَعَا بِالْجَامِعَةِ فَنَظَرْنَا فِيهَا فَإِذَا فِيهَا امْرَأَةٌ هَلَكَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا لَا وَارِثَ لَهَا غَيْرُهُ لَهُ الْمَالُ كُلُّهُ.

“I once was with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and he (the Imam) asked for al-Jami‘ah (the renown book of Ali (a.s.) ). We looked in it and found this case: ‘If a woman dies leaving behind just her husband and no other heirs, the entire legacy belongs to him (the husband).”’

الْمَالُ لِلزَّوْجِ يَعْنِي إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا وَارِثٌ غَيْرُهُ. - عَنْهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.

“About the case of a woman who dies leaving behind just her husband, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The entire legacy belongs to him (the husband) if no other heirs exist.’” It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from ‘Abd Allah ibn Jabalah from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir a similar Hadith.

الْمَالُ لِلزَّوْجِ يَعْنِي إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا وَارِثٌ غَيْرُهُ.

“About the case of a woman who dies leaving behind just her husband, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The entire legacy belongs to him (the husband) if no other heirs exist.’”

قُلْتُ امْرَأَةٌ مَاتَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا قَالَ الْمَالُ لَهُ قَالَ مَعْنَاهُ لَا وَارِثَ لَهَا غَيْرُهُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who dies and leaves behind just her husband. He (the Imam) said, ‘The legacy belongs to him.’ He said, ‘It means that there are no other heirs besides the husband.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ تَمُوتُ وَ لَا تَتْرُكُ وَارِثاً غَيْرَ زَوْجِهَا قَالَ الْمِيرَاثُ كُلُّهُ لَهُ.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a woman who dies and does not leave behind any heirs except her husband. He (the Imam) said, ‘The legacy entirely belongs to him (the husband).”’

قُلْتُ لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ هَلَكَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا قَالَ الْمَالُ كُلُّهُ لِلزَّوْجِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who dies leaving behind her husband. He (the Imam) said, ‘All of her asset belongs to her husband.’”

مَاتَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ بَيَّاعُ السَّابِرِيِّ وَ أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ وَ تَرَكَ امْرَأَةً لَهُ وَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَارِثاً غَيْرَهَا فَكَتَبْتُ إِلَى الْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ ع فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ أَعْطِ الْمَرْأَةَ الرُّبُعَ وَ احْمِلِ الْبَاقِيَ إِلَيْنَا.

“Muhammad Ibn Abi ‘Umayr Bayya‘ al-Sabiriy died and he made a will to me. He left behind his wife and no other heirs. I wrote to the virtuous servant (of Allah) about it and he (the Imam) wrote to me the answer that said, ‘Give one-fourth to the woman (his wife) and deliver the rest to us.’”

قَرَأَ عَلَيَّ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي الْفَرَائِضِ امْرَأَةٌ تُوُفِّيَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا قَالَ الْمَالُ كُلُّهُ لِلزَّوْجِ وَ رَجُلٌ تُوُفِّيَ وَ تَرَكَ امْرَأَتَهُ قَالَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْإِمَامِ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once read for me (from the book) on the issue of ordained shares of inheritance the following: ‘A woman dies and leaves behind her husband,’ he (the Imam) said, ‘The entire legacy belongs to him. If a man dies and leaves behind his wife, he (the Imam) said that one- fourth belongs to her and the res

لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْإِمَامِ.

About the case of a woman who dies and leaves behind her husband, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘One-fourth belongs to the woman and the rest belongs to the Imam.’”

كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ الْعَلَوِيُّ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع‌ مَوْلًى لَكَ أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ بِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُهُ يَقُولُ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ هُوَ لِي فَهُوَ لِمَوْلَايَ فَمَاتَ وَ تَرَكَهَا وَ لَمْ‌ يَأْمُرْ فِيهَا بِشَيْ‌ءٍ وَ لَهُ امْرَأَتَانِ أَمَّا إِحْدَاهُمَا فَبِبَغْدَادَ وَ لَا أَعْرِفُ لَهَا مَوْضِعاً السَّاعَةَ وَ الْأُخْرَى بِقُمَّ فَمَا الَّذِي تَأْمُرُنِي فِي هَذِهِ الْمِائَةِ

“Once Muhammad ibn Hamzah al-‘Alawiy wrote to abu Ja‘far, al-Thaniy (a.s.), and asked, ‘One of your Mawla made a will to me about a hundred dirham and I heard him say, ‘Everything that belongs to me is for my Mawla.’ He died and left it but did not instruct to give anything from it. He has two women of whom one is in B

لَهَا الرُّبُعُ وَ تَدْفَعُ الْبَاقِيَ إِلَيْنَا.

“About the case of a man who dies and leaves behind his wife, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘One-fourth belongs to her and the rest must be given to us.’”

النِّسَاءُ لَا يَرِثْنَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ لَا مِنَ الْعَقَارِ شَيْئاً[2].

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Women do not inherit from land and real property anything.’”

‌ أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لَا تَرِثُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ زَوْجُهَا مِنَ الْقُرَى وَ الدُّورِ وَ السِّلَاحِ وَ الدَّوَابِّ شَيْئاً-[3] وَ تَرِثُ مِنَ الْمَالِ وَ الْفُرُشِ وَ الثِّيَابِ وَ مَتَاعِ الْبَيْتِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ وَ يُقَوَّمُ النِّقْضُ‌[1] وَ الْأَبْوَابُ وَ الْجُذُوعُ وَ الْقَصَبُ فَتُعْطَى حَقَّهَا مِنْهُ‌[2].

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘A woman does not inherit anything of the towns, houses, arms and stumper that her husband leaves behind; but she inherits from assets, furnishings, clothes, household items which he has left and the broken homes, doors, branches and reeds must be appraised to pay her right thereof.’”

مِنْهُمْ مَنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع‌ أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لَا تَرِثُ مِنْ تَرِكَةِ زَوْجِهَا مِنْ تُرْبَةِ دَارٍ أَوْ أَرْضٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يُقَوَّمَ الطُّوبُ‌[3] وَ الْخَشَبُ قِيمَةً فَتُعْطَى رُبُعَهَا أَوْ ثُمُنَهَا إِنْ كَانَ لَهَا وَلَدٌ مِنْ قِيمَةِ الطُّوبِ وَ الْجُذُوعِ وَ الْخَشَبِ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah, Bukayr, Fudayl, Burayd and Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu Ja‘far and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, and certain ones of them has narrated from abu ‘ Abd Allah, and others have narrated who has narrated the following:

لَا تَرِثُ النِّسَاءُ مِنْ عَقَارِ الْأَرْضِ شَيْئاً.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Women do not inherit from the real property or land anything.’”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ تَرِثُ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنَ الطُّوبِ وَ لَا تَرِثُ مِنَ الرِّبَاعِ شَيْئاً قَالَ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ تَرِثُ مِنَ الْفَرْعِ وَ لَا تَرِثُ مِنَ الْأَصْلِ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ لِي لَيْسَ لَهَا مِنْهُمْ نَسَبٌ تَرِثُ بِهِ وَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ دَخِيلٌ عَلَيْهِمْ فَتَرِثُ مِنَ الْفَرْعِ وَ لَا تَرِثُ مِنَ الْأَصْلِ وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ دَاخِلٌ بِسَبَبِهَا.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A woman inherits from bricks but does not inherit from residence anything.’ I then asked, ‘How is it that she inherits from branches but not from the roots?’ He (the Imam) said to me, ‘She does not have lineage because of which she can inherit. She is an addition to them thus she inhe

لَا تَرِثُ النِّسَاءُ مِنْ عَقَارِ الدُّورِ شَيْئاً وَ لَكِنْ يُقَوَّمُ الْبِنَاءُ وَ الطُّوبُ وَ تُعْطَى ثُمُنَهَا أَوْ رُبُعَهَا قَالَ وَ إِنَّمَا ذَاكَ لِئَلَّا يَتَزَوَّجْنَ النِّسَاءُ فَيُفْسِدْنَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَوَارِيثِ مَوَارِيثَهُمْ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Women do not inherit from real property or houses anything but the building and bricks must be appraised to give one-eighth or one-fourth thereof to her.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This is because women may get married and thus spoil the legacy for the heirs.’”

إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ قِيمَةُ الْخَشَبِ وَ الطُّوبِ كَيْلَا يَتَزَوَّجْنَ فَيَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهِمْ يَعْنِي أَهْلَ الْمَوَارِيثِ مَنْ يُفْسِدُ مَوَارِيثَهُمْ‌[1].

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The women’s share of legacy is sanctioned to be from the value of wood and brick of the house only, so that she after getting married will not spoil the legacy of the heirs.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ النِّسَاءِ هَلْ يَرِثْنَ الْأَرْضَ فَقَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ يَرِثْنَ قِيمَةَ الْبِنَاءِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ لَا يَرْضَوْنَ بِذَا فَقَالَ إِذَا وُلِّينَا فَلَمْ يَرْضَوْا ضَرَبْنَاهُمْ بِالسَّوْطِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَقِيمُوا ضَرَبْنَاهُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of women if they inherit from land. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, but they inherit from the value of the building.’ I then said, ‘People do not agree with it.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When we become in authority, if they did not agree, we will whip them and if they did not be

لَيْسَ لِلنِّسَاءِ مِنَ الدُّورِ وَ الْعَقَارِ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

“One of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘Women do not receive anything from houses and real property.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ النِّسَاءَ لَا يَرِثْنَ مِنْ رِبَاعِ الْأَرْضِ‌ شَيْئاً وَ لَكِنْ لَهُنَّ قِيمَةُ الطُّوبِ وَ الْخَشَبِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ لَا يَأْخُذُونَ بِهَذَا فَقَالَ إِذَا وُلِّينَاهُمْ ضَرَبْنَاهُمْ بِالسَّوْطِ فَإِنِ انْتَهَوْا وَ إِلَّا ضَرَبْنَاهُمْ عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّيْفِ.

“I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), saying, ‘Women do not inherit from the land or the house anything, however, they can have their share from the value of bricks and wood.’ He (the narrator) has said that I said to him (the Imam), ‘People do not follow it.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When we become in authority, we will whip t

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النِّسَاءِ مَا لَهُنَّ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ قَالَ لَهُنَّ قِيمَةُ الطُّوبِ وَ الْبِنَاءِ وَ الْخَشَبِ وَ الْقَصَبِ وَ أَمَّا الْأَرْضُ وَ الْعَقَارَاتُ فَلَا مِيرَاثَ لَهُنَّ فِيهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالثِّيَابُ قَالَ الثِّيَابُ لَهُنَّ نَصِيبُهُنَّ قَالَ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ صَارَ ذَا وَ لِهَذِهِ الثُّمُنُ وَ لِهَذِهِ الرُّبُعُ مُسَمًّى قَالَ لِأَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لَيْسَ لَهَا نَسَبٌ تَرِثُ بِهِ وَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ دَخِ

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of women and their share of inheritance. He (the Imam) said, ‘They can have their share from the value of bricks, building, wood and reeds, but they cannot inherit land and real property.’ I asked about clothes. He (the Imam) said, ‘They can inherit from clothes.’ I t

سَأَلَنِي هَلْ يَقْضِي ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى بِالْقَضَاءِ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ عَنْهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ قَضَى فِي مَتَاعِ الرَّجُلِ وَ الْمَرْأَةِ إِذْ مَاتَ أَحَدُهُمَا فَادَّعَاهُ وَرَثَةُ الْحَيِّ وَ وَرَثَةُ الْمَيِّتِ أَوْ طَلَّقَهَا الرَّجُلُ فَادَّعَاهُ الرَّجُلُ وَ ادَّعَتْهُ النِّسَاءُ بِأَرْبَعِ قَضِيَّاتٍ فَقَالَ وَ مَا ذَاكَ فَقُلْتُ أَمَّا أُولَيهُنَّ فَقَضَى فِيهِ بِقَوْلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيّ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once asked me, ‘Does ibn abu Layla 5 reverse his judgments? 5 I replied, ‘I have come to know that he issued a judgment about the assets of man and woman when one of them died and the living heirs claim it as well as the heirs of the dead, or when she is divorced then the men claim it as well as

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ أَرْبَعَ نِسْوَةٍ فِي عَقْدَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ أَوْ قَالَ فِي مَجْلِسٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ مُهُورُهُنَّ مُخْتَلِفَةٌ قَالَ جَائِزٌ لَهُ وَ لَهُنَّ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ هُوَ خَرَجَ إِلَى بَعْضِ الْبُلْدَانِ فَطَلَّقَ وَاحِدَةً مِنَ الْأَرْبَعِ وَ أَشْهَدَ عَلَى طَلَاقِهَا قَوْماً مِنْ أَهْلِ تِلْكَ الْبِلَادِ وَ هُمْ لَا يَعْرِفُونَ الْمَرْأَةَ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ أَهْلِ

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who has married four women in one marriage contract or that he said in one session with different amounts of mahr (dower) for each one. He (the Imam) said, ’It is permissible for them.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if he travels to a different town and divorces on

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ غُلَامٍ وَ جَارِيَةٍ زَوَّجَهُمَا وَلِيَّانِ لَهُمَا وَ هُمَا غَيْرُ مُدْرِكَيْنِ قَالَ فَقَالَ النِّكَاحُ جَائِزٌ وَ أَيُّهُمَا أَدْرَكَ كَانَ لَهُ الْخِيَارُ فَإِنْ مَاتَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْرِكَا فَلَا مِيرَاثَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَا مَهْرَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَا قَدْ أَدْرَكَا وَ رَضِيَا قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَدْرَكَ أَحَدُهُمَا قَبْلَ الْآخَرِ قَالَ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ هُوَ رَضِيَ قُلْتُ

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the case of a boy and a girl who are not mature and whose guardians arrange their marriage. He (the Imam) said, ‘Their marriage is permissible and whoever of the two becomes mature has the right to choose the marriage or not. If they die before maturity there is no inheritance bet

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ زَوَّجَ ابْناً لَهُ مُدْرِكاً مِنْ يَتِيمَةٍ فِي حَجْرِهِ قَالَ تَرِثُهُ إِنْ مَاتَ وَ لَا يَرِثُهَا لِأَنَّ لَهَا الْخِيَارَ وَ لَا خِيَارَ عَلَيْهَا.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who arranges marriage for his mature son with an orphan girl in his custody. He (the Imam) said, ‘She will inherit him if he dies because she has the choice to approve or disapprove the marriage after she becomes mature and there is no choice against her.’”