Chapter on Fasting with Authorization

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ إِذَا دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ بَلْدَةً فَهُوَ ضَيْفٌ عَلَى مَنْ بِهَا مِنْ أَهْلِ دِينِهِ حَتَّى يَرْحَلَ عَنْهُمْ وَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلضَّيْفِ أَنْ يَصُومَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِمْ لِئَلَّا يَعْمَلُوا شَيْئاً فَيَفْسُدَ وَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يَصُومُوا- إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ الضَّيْفِ لِئَلَّا يَحْتَشِمَهُمْ‌[1] وَ يَشْتَهِي فَيَتْرُكُهُ لَهُمْ.

Hadith.2013 - It is narrated by al-Fudhayl ibn Yasar from Abu Ja’far (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "When a man enters a town, he is a guest of those among its people who share his faith until he departs. It is not appropriate for the guest to fast without their permissi

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مِنْ فِقْهِ الضَّيْفِ أَنْ لَا يَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ وَ مِنْ طَاعَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ لِزَوْجِهَا أَنْ لَا تَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ أَمْرِهِ وَ مِنْ صَلَاحِ الْعَبْدِ وَ طَاعَتِهِ وَ نَصِيحَتِهِ لِمَوْلَاهُ أَنْ لَا يَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ مَوْلَاهُ وَ مِنْ بِرِّ الْوَلَدِ بِأَبَوَيْهِ أَنْ لَا يَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ أَبَوَيْهِ وَ أَمْرِ

Hadith.2014 - Nashit ibn Salih narrated from Hisham ibn al-Hakam from Abu Abdullah (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Among the etiquettes of a guest is that he does not fast voluntarily except with the host's permission. Among the obedience of a wife to her husband is that

يُغْتَسَلُ فِي ثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ أُصِيبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ قُبِضَ ع فِي إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ قَالَ‌ وَ الْغُسْلُ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ وَ هُوَ يُجْزِي إِلَى آخِرِهِ‌[1].

وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ‌ يُغْتَسَلُ فِي لَيْلَةِ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ.

الْغُسْلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عِنْدَ وُجُوبِ الشَّمْسِ قُبَيْلَهُ- ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي وَ يُفْطِرُ[2].

"Bathing (ghusl) during the Month of Ramadan should be performed near sunset, just before it, then one should pray and break the fast."

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا دَخَلَ الْعَشْرُ الْأَوَاخِرُ شَدَّ الْمِئْزَرَ[3] وَ اجْتَنَبَ النِّسَاءَ وَ أَحْيَا اللَّيْلَ وَ تَفَرَّغَ لِلْعِبَادَةِ.

"The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, when the last ten nights (of Month of Ramadan) arrived, would tighten his waistbelt, avoid women, revive the nights (with worship), and dedicate himself fully to worship."

صَلِّ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ تَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ الْحَمْدَ مَرَّةً وَ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ.

Hadith.2019 - Sulayman Al-Ja’fari narrated from Abu Al-Hasan (as) that he said: "Pray on the nights of the 21st and 23rd (of Month of Ramadan) 100 units (rak’ahs), reciting Al-Hamd (Surah Al-Fatihah) once and Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad (Surah Al-Ikhlas) ten times in each unit."

فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ التَّقْدِيرُ وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ الْقَضَاءُ وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ إِبْرَامُ مَا يَكُونُ فِي السَّنَةِ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا[4] وَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ مَا يَشَاءُ فِي خَلْقِهِ

لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ هِيَ أَوَّلُ السَّنَةِ وَ هِيَ آخِرُهَا[5].

Hadith.2021 - Rifāʿa narrated from Imam (as) that Imam (as) said: "The Night of Qadr is the beginning of the year and it is its end."

يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً قَالَ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ فِي لَيْلَتِي هَذِهِ يَصْعَدُونَ مِنْبَرِي مِنْ بَعْدِي يُضِلُّونَ النَّاسَ عَنِ الصِّرَاطِ الْقَهْقَرَى فَقَالَ وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً إِنَّ هَذَا لَشَيْ‌ءٌ مَا اطَّلَعْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ عَرَجَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِآيٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ يُؤْنِسُهُ بِهَا- أَ فَر

Hadith.2022 - It is narrated that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, was shown in his dream that the sons of Umayyah would ascend his pulpit after him, leading people astray and turning them away from the straight path. When he awoke, he was sorrowful and grieved. Archangel Ji

وَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ الصَّادِقَ ع فَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ كَانَتْ أَوْ تَكُونُ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ فَقَالَ لَوْ رُفِعَتْ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ لَرُفِعَ الْقُرْآنُ‌[1].

Hadith.2023 - A man asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "Inform me about Laylatul Qadr; was it [only in the past], or does it occur every year?" Imam (as) replied: "If Laylatul Qadr were removed, the Quran would be removed."

هِيَ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ وَ هِيَ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ وَ لَمْ يُنْزَلِ الْقُرْآنُ إِلَّا فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- فِيها يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ‌ قَالَ يُقَدَّرُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ يَكُونُ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا مِنْ قَابِلٍ مِنْ خَيْرٍ أَوْ شَرٍّ أَوْ طَاعَةٍ أَوْ مَعْصِيَةٍ أَوْ مَوْلُودٍ أَوْ أَجَلٍ أَوْ رِز

Hadith.2024 - Humran asked Abu Ja'far (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "Indeed, We sent it down on a blessed night" (Surah Ad-Dukhan 44:3). Imam (as) replied: "It is Laylatul Qadr, and it occurs every year in the Month of Ramadan, during its last ten nights. The Quran was revealed only o

وَ سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع‌ كَيْفَ تَكُونُ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْراً مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ قَالَ الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ فِيهَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ فِي أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ[4].

Hadith.2025 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked, "How is Laylatul Qadr better than a thousand months?" Imam (as) replied: "Righteous deeds performed on it are better than deeds performed in a thousand months that do not contain Laylatul Qadr."

نَزَلَتِ التَّوْرَاةُ فِي سِتٍّ مَضَيْنَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ نَزَلَ الْإِنْجِيلُ فِي اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ مَضَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ نَزَلَ الزَّبُورُ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ [الْفُرْقَانُ‌] فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ.

"The Torah was revealed on the sixth of Month of Ramadan, the Injil (Gospel) was revealed on the twelfth of Month of Ramadan, the Zabur (Psalms) was revealed on the eighteenth of Month of Ramadan, and the Quran [Al-Furqan] was revealed on Laylatul Qadr."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ عَلَامَةِ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ فَقَالَ عَلَامَتُهَا أَنْ تَطِيبَ رِيحُهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ فِي بَرْدٍ دَفِئَتْ‌[1] وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ فِي حَرٍّ بَرَدَتْ وَ طَابَتْ.

"I asked him about the sign of Laylatul Qadr, and Imam (as) replied: 'Its sign is that its breeze is pleasant; if it is in cold weather, it becomes warm, and if it is in hot weather, it becomes cool and pleasant.'"

تَنَزَّلُ فِيهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَ الْكَتَبَةُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فَيَكْتُبُونَ مَا يَكُونُ فِي أَمْرِ السَّنَةِ وَ مَا يُصِيبُ الْعِبَادَ وَ أَمْرٌ عِنْدَهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَوْقُوفٌ لَهُ فِيهِ الْمَشِيئَةُ فَيُقَدِّمُ مِنْهُ‌[2] مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يَمْحُو وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتابِ‌.

Hadith.2028 - Imam (as) was asked about Laylatul Qadr, and Imam (as) said: "On it, the angels and the scribes descend to the lowest heaven, where they record what will occur during the year, including what will befall the servants. However, there is an affair with Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, that remains su

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي يُرْجَى فِيهَا مَا يُرْجَى‌[4] أَيُّ لَيْلَةٍ هِيَ فَقَالَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ أَوْ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ قَالَ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْوَ عَلَى كِلْتَيْهِمَا فَقَالَ مَا أَيْسَرَ لَيْلَتَيْنِ فِيمَا تَطْلُبُ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ رُبَّمَا رَأَيْنَا الْهِلَالَ عِنْدَنَا وَ جَاءَنَا مَنْ يُخْبِرُنَا بِخِلَافِ ذَلِكَ فِي

I was with Abu Abdullah (as) when Abu Basir said to him, "May I be your ransom! Which night is the one in which one can hope for what is hoped for?" Imam (as) replied: "It is on the night of the 21st or the 23rd." Abu Basir asked: "What if I cannot perform worship on both nights?" Imam (as) said: "How easy are two nigh

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع اللَّيَالِي الَّتِي يُرْجَى فِيهَا مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلَاثٌ وَ عِشْرِينَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَخَذَتْ إِنْسَاناً الْفَتْرَةُ أَوْ عِلَّةٌ مَا الْمُعْتَمَدُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ ثَلَاثٌ وَ عِشْرِينَ.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the nights in the Month of Ramadan that are hoped to be special. Imam (as) replied: "The 19th, 21st, and 23rd." I asked: "What if a person is overtaken by weakness or illness? Which night should be relied upon from these?" Imam (as) replied: "The 23rd."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اللَّيَالِي الَّتِي يُسْتَحَبُّ فِيهَا الْغُسْلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ لَيْلَةُ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ لَيْلَةُ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ لَيْلَةُ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ قَالَ لَيْلَةُ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ هِيَ لَيْلَةُ الْجُهَنِيِّ وَ حَدِيثُهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ مَنْزِلِي نَاءٍ عَنِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَمُرْنِي بِلَيْلَةٍ أَدْخُلُ فِيهَا فَأَمَرَهُ بِلَيْلَةِ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ.

Hadith.2031 - In a narration from Abdullah ibn Bukayr, from Zurara, from one of the two (Imam Al-Baqir (as) or Imam Al-Sadiq (as), peace be upon them), he said: I asked him about the nights in the Month of Ramadan in which it is recommended to perform ghusl (ritual purification). Imam (as) replied: "The 19th night, the