Chapter on Absconding Slaves

الْعَبْدُ الْآبِقُ لَا تُقْبَلُ لَهُ صَلَاةٌ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَى مَوْلَاهُ[4]

الْمَمْلُوكُ إِذَا هَرَبَ وَ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْ مِصْرِهِ لَمْ

إِنَّمَا هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ بَعِيرٍ يُخَافُ شِرَادُهُ‌[4] فَإِذَا خِفْتَ ذَلِكَ فَاسْتَوْثِقْ مِنْهُ وَ أَشْبِعْهُ وَ اكْسُهُ قُلْتُ وَ كَمْ شِبَعُهُ قَالَ أَمَّا نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُ عِيَالَنَا مُدَّيْنِ تَمْراً.

Hadith.3536 - Zayd al-Shahham narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): He was asked about a man who fears that his slave might run away or that the slave had already run away. Should he restrain him or place a mark on his neck? Imam (as) replied: "He is like a camel you fear might escape. If you fear that, secure him properly,

أَرَى أَنَّ جَمِيعَ مَا مَعَهَا لِلْوَرَثَةِ[5] قُلْتُ وَ لَا تُعْتَقُ مِنْ ثُلُثِ سَيِّدِهَا قَالَ لَا إِنَّهَا أَبَقَتْ عَاصِيَةً لِلَّهِ وَ لِسَيِّدِهَا فَأَبْطَلَ الْإِبَاقُ التَّدْبِيرَ[6].

Hadith.3537 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): I asked him about a bondwoman who was mudadbarah (promised freedom upon the master's death). She ran away from her master for several years and later returned after her master had died. She came back with children and consid

يَحْلِفُ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَا سَلَبَهُ ثِيَابَهُ وَ لَا شَيْئاً مِمَّا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا بَاعَهُ وَ لَا دَاهَنَ فِي إِرْسَالِهِ فَإِذَا حَلَفَ بَرِئَ مِنَ الضَّمَانِ‌[7].

Hadith.3538 - Isma'il ibn Muslim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) was approached with a dispute regarding a man who had captured a runaway slave. The slave had been with him for some time, but later escaped again. Imam

فِي جُعْلِ الْآبِقِ إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمَ يُرَدُّ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ[1].

قَالَ ع‌[2] فِي رَجُلٍ أَخَذَ آبِقاً فَفَرَّ مِنْهُ قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

Hadith.3540 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who captured a runaway slave and then the slave escaped from him: "There is nothing (no liability) upon him."

لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ[4].

Hadith.3541 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Salih, from Abu Abdullah (as). He said: I asked him about a man who found a stolen animal that belonged to his neighbor, so he took it to return it to him, but the animal died. Imam (as) said: "There is nothing (no liability) upon him."

إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا أَبَقَ مِنْ مَوَالِيهِ ثُمَّ سَرَقَ لَمْ يُقْطَعْ وَ هُوَ آبِقٌ لِأَنَّهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمُرْتَدِّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ لَكِنْ يُدْعَى إِلَى الرُّجُوعِ إِلَى مَوَالِيهِ وَ الدُّخُولِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ فَإِنْ أَبَى أَنْ يَرْجِعَ إِلَى مَوَالِيهِ قُطِعَتْ يَدُهُ بِالسَّرِقَةِ ثُمَّ قُتِلَ وَ الْمُرْتَدُّ إِذَا سَرَقَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ[5].

لِلْمُشْتَرِي اذْهَبْ بِهِمَا فَاخْتَرْ أَحَدَهُمَا وَ رُدَّ الْآخَرَ وَ قَدْ قَبَضَ الْمَالَ فَذَهَبَ بِهِمَا الْمُشْتَرِي فَأَبَقَ أَحَدُهُمَا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ قَالَ لِيَرُدَّ الَّذِي عِنْدَهُ مِنْهُمَا وَ يَقْبِضُ نِصْفَ ثَمَنِ مَا أَعْطَى مِنَ الْبَائِعِ وَ يَذْهَبُ فِي طَلَبِ الْغُلَامِ فَإِنْ وَجَدَهُ اخْتَارَ أَيَّهُمَا شَاءَ وَ رَدَّ الْآخَرَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْهُ كَانَ الْعَبْدُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفُهُ لِلْبَائِعِ

Hadith.3543 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Abu Habib, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as). He said: "I asked him about a man who bought a slave from another man, and the seller had two slaves. The seller said to the buyer, 'Take them both, then choose one of them and return the

اكْتُبْ لِلْآبِقِ فِي وَرَقَةٍ أَوْ فِي قِرْطَاسٍ- بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ* يَدُ فُلَانٍ مَغْلُولَةٌ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ إِذَا أَخْرَجَهَا لَمْ يَكَدْ يَراها وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَجْعَلِ اللَّهُ لَهُ نُوراً فَما لَهُ مِنْ نُورٍ ثُمَّ لُفَّهَا ثُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا بَيْنَ عُودَيْنِ ثُمَّ أَلْقِهَا فِي كَوَّةِ بَيْتٍ مُظْلِمٍ فِي الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي كَانَ يَأْوِي فِيهِ[2].

ادْعُ بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ لِلْآبِقِ وَ اكْتُبْهُ فِي وَرَقَةٍ[1]- اللَّهُمَّ السَّمَاءُ لَكَ وَ الْأَرْضُ لَكَ وَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا لَكَ فَاجْعَلْ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا أَضْيَقَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ مِنْ جِلْدِ جَمَلٍ حَتَّى تَرُدَّهُ عَلَيَّ وَ تُظْفِرَنِي بِهِ وَ لْيَكُنْ حَوْلَ الْكِتَابِ آيَةُ الْكُرْسِيِّ مَكْتُوبَةً مُدَوَّرَةً[2] ثُمَّ ادْفِنْهُ وَ ضَعْ فَوْقَهُ شَيْئاً ثَقِيلًا فِي الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي كَانَ يَأْوِي فِيهِ بِا