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1. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from certain persons of his people from Adam ibn Ishaq from ‘Abd al-Razzaq from ibn Mihran from al-Husayn ibn Maymun from Muhammad ibn Salim from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘Certain people have spoken from this Holy Quran without knowledge. It is because Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has said, “It is Allah Who has revealed the Book to you in which certain verses are clear statements (that accept no interpretation), and these are the fundamental ideas of the Book, while other verses may have several possibilities. Those whose hearts are perverse follow the unclear statements in pursuit of their own mischievous goals by interpreting them in a way that will suit their own purpose. No one knows its true interpretations except Allah, and those who have a firm grounding in knowledge say, ‘We believe in it. All its verses are from our Lord.’ No one can grasp this fact except the people of reason.” (3:7) ‘The suspended verses are of the unclear ones and the verses whose meaning can clearly be understood are of the suspending ones. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, sent Prophet Noah to his people who said to them, “Worship Allah, have fear of Him and obey me” (71:3). He then called them to Allah alone to worship Him only and not to take any partners for Him. Thereafter He sent the prophets until (their coming ended with) Muhammad (a.s.). He invited people to worship Allah only and not to take partners for Him. And He said, “He has plainly clarified the religion which is revealed to you and that which Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus were commanded to follow (He has explained it) so that you may remain steadfast and united in your religion. What you call the pagans to is extremely grave for them. Allah attracts (to the religion) whomever He wants and guides to it whoever turns to Him with repentance.” (42:13) ‘He sent the prophets to their people with the testimony that stated, “No one deserves to be worshipped except Allah and that whatever every one (of the prophets) has brought is from Allah.” Those who sincerely accepted the faith and died with what they had accepted, Allah, through this will, admit them in paradise. Allah is not unjust to His servants, and Allah will not punish a servant unless he intensely sins such as committing murder or the sins for which Allah has made it clear that perpetrators thereof go to hell. When the believers of the people of each prophet followed them He gave them a system of laws and guidance. Al-Shari’a is a system, a path and tradition. Allah said to Prophet Muhammad, “(Muhammad), We have sent revelations to you just as were sent to Noah and the prophets who lived after him . . .” (4:163). Allah commanded every prophet to follow the path and the tradition. Of the traditions that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, commanded Moses to follow was al-Sabbath. Those who observed its greatness and did not violate it out of respect for Allah, Allah admitted them to paradise. Those who violated its sanctity and considered lawful what Allah had made unlawful and prohibited, Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, sent them to hellfire for their making fishing lawful. They captured fish and ate them on Sabbath. Allah showed anger toward them even though they had not taken anyone as partners of the Beneficent or doubted the truth of what Moses had brought. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “You certainly knew about those among you who were transgressors on the Sabbath. We commanded them, ‘Become detested apes . . (2:65) Then Allah sent Jesus with the testimony that said, “No one deserves to be worshipped except Allah and all that he (Jesus) had brought was from Allah.’’ He made for them a system of law and a path. He abolished the Sabbath for which they, before, were commanded to pay respect and the ways and traditions that Moses had brought. Whoever did not follow Jesus, Allah sent them to fire, although all that the prophets had said was that no one must be considered as a partner of Allah. Then He sent Prophet Muhammad and for the ten years that he lived in Makka everyone who testified to the fact that “No one deserves to be worshipped except Allah, and that Muhammad is His messenger” Allah admitted him to paradise just because of his affirmation. It was belief and affirmation. Allah did not punish anyone of those who died following Muhammad in that matter except those who took partners for the Beneficent. Evidence of this is what Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has revealed in Chapter 17 in Makka). “Your Lord has ordained that you must not worship anything other than Him and that you must be kind to your parents ... He is Well-aware and watches over His servants.” (17:30) ‘It (besides belief in Allah) is discipline, advice and education. It (law) is a light prohibition and there is no warning about it and there is no warning against violating what is prohibited. He has revealed prohibitions of certain matters without warning (for issues less serious than disbelief) saying: “Do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We will give sustenance to all of you. To kill them is certainly a great sin. (17:31) “Do not even approach adultery. It is indecent and an evil act. (17:32) “Do not kill a respectable soul without a just cause. If anyone is wrongfully killed, We have given the heirs of that person the right (to demand satisfaction or to forgive). He must not exceed the law in having vengeance; law shall also assist his victim. (17:33) “Do not get close to the property of the orphans (unless it is for a good reason) until they are mature and strong. Keep your promise; you will be questioned about it. (17:34) “While weighing, use proper measurements in the exchange of your property. This is fair and will be better in the end. (17:35) “Do not follow what you do not know; the ears, eyes, and hearts will all be held responsible for their deeds. (17:36) “Do not walk proudly on the earth; your feet cannot tear apart the earth nor are you as tall as the mountains (17:37). All such things are sins and detestable in the sight of your Lord. (17:38) “(Muhammad), these are words of wisdom, which your Lord has revealed to you. Do not consider anything equal to Allah lest you be thrown into hell, despised, and driven away from Allah’s mercy.” (17:39) ‘(About more serious issues) Allah has also said, “By the night when it covers the day. (92:1) I have warned you about the fierce blazing fire (14) in which no one will suffer forever (15) except the wicked ones who have rejected the (Truth) and have turned away from it.” (92:16) ‘This (the wicked) is a pagan and in Chapter 84 Allah has said, “But as for those whose Book of Records will be given behind their backs, (84:10) they will say, ‘Woe to us!’ (11). They will suffer the heat of hellfire (12). They lived among their people joyfully (13) and had thought that they would never be brought back to life again.” (84:14) ‘This (one rejecting the Day of Judgment) is a pagan and in Chapter 67 Allah has said, “Whenever a group is thrown into it (hell), its keepers will ask them, ‘Did no one come to warn you? (67:8) “They will say, ‘Yes, someone did come to warn us, but we rejected him saying, “Allah has revealed nothing. You are in great error.”’ (67:9) ‘These are pagans and in Chapter 56 Allah has said, “If he is of those who have rejected the Truth and have gone astray, (56:92) the dwelling (for him) will be (in) boiling water (93) and the heat of hellfire.” (94) ‘These also are pagans. In Chapter 69 Allah has said, “However, one who will receive the book of the records of his deeds in his left hand will say, ‘I wish that this record was never given to me (69:25) and that I never known what my records contained. (26) Would that death had taken me away for good. (27) My wealth has been of no benefit to me (28) ... he did not believe in Allah, the Great . . .’ (69:33) ‘This also is a pagan, and in Chapter 26 Allah has said, “. . . hell will be left open for the rebellious ones (26:91) who will be asked, ‘What did you worship (26:92) besides Allah? Will the idols help you? Can they help themselves? (26:93). The idol worshippers, the idols, the rebellious ones, (26:94) and the army of Satan will all be thrown headlong into hell.’” (26:95) The army of Satan and his descendents are of the devils (Shayatin) ‘Allah’s words, “Only the sinful ones made us go astray,” (26:99) refers to pagans whom they had followed in their pagan manners and they were of the people of Prophet Muhammad (a.s.) of whom no one was a Jew or a Christian. Evidence of this is the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, in Chapter 38 verse 12, “The people of Noah then rejected our messengers.” “The dwellers of the forest also rejected the Messengers.” (26:176) “The people of Lot rejected the Messengers.” (26:160) ‘Among them there is no one of the Jews who considered ‘Uzayr as the son of Allah or of the Christians who considered Jesus as the son of Allah. Allah will send (such) Jews and Christians to fire as well as those who had acted similarly. It comes from their own word, “Only the sinful ones made us go astray,” (26:99) they invited us to their ways. ‘Evidence of this (more serious sins) is the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, about them on their being brought together in fire, “The last group will accuse the first saying, ‘Lord, they made us go astray. Therefore, double their torment in the Fire . . .’” (7:38) They will condemn and accuse each other. They argue in the hope of winning but there will be no winning, trial or acceptance of excuses and there will be no way to safety. Such verses and similar other ones were revealed in Makka. Allah does not send to fire anyone except the pagans. ‘When Allah granted Muhammad permission to leave Makka for Madina he spoke of Islam having five principles: ‘To testify that no one deserves to be worshipped except Allah, that Muhammad is His servant and His messenger, that performing the prayer, paying al-Zakat (charity), Hajj of the House and fasting in the month of Ramadan are obligatory. That Allah sent to him judicial rules, and the rules for the distribution of inheritance, and informed him of the sins for which Allah has made it obligatory to punish in fire those who commit such sins. About the murder He has revealed, “The punishment for one who purposely slays a believer will be to live in hellfire forever. Allah is angry with him and has condemned him. He has prepared for him a great torment.” (4:93) ‘Allah does not condemn the believers. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “Allah has condemned the unbelievers and prepared for them a burning torment (33:64) wherein they will live forever without being able to find any guardian or helper.” (33:65) ‘Committing murder does not come from His wish; His anger and condemnation apply to the murderer by sending him to fire. In the book he (murderer) is condemned. About the properties of the orphans that are consumed unjustly He has said, “Those who wrongfully consume the property of orphans are, in fact, consuming fire in their bellies and they will suffer the blazing fire.” (4: 10) ‘On the Day of Judgment, those who consume such properties unjustly will come when fire will be blazing in their bellies so much so that it will come out of their mouth. All the people in the gathering will learn that they are wrongful consumer of orphan’s properties. ‘About measurement for transactions He has said, “ Wayl , a place in hell, is for those who do not maintain proper measurement.” (83:2) He has not said that Wayl is for any kinds of people other than those whom He has called to be of those who reject the faith. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “Wayl ’is for those who reject faith and belief. The unbelievers shall face a woeful condition on the great Day (of Judgment).” (19:37) ‘About the covenant Allah has said: “Those who sell their covenant with Allah and their promises for a small price will have no share in the life hereafter. Allah on the Day of Judgment will not speak to them nor will He look at them nor will He purify them. They will face a painful torment.” (3:77) ‘If someone will have no share on the Day of Judgment then by what means would he enter paradise? ‘The following was revealed in Madina. “No one should marry a (male) fornicator except a (female) fornicator or a pagan woman. No one should marry a (female) fornicator except a (male) fornicator or a pagan man. Such (marriage) is unlawful to the believers.” (24:3) ‘Allah has not called a male or female fornicator a believer. People of knowledge do not doubt what the Messenger of Allah has said to them: “At the time of committing fornication a male or female is not a believer, a thief, male or female is not a believer at the time of committing theft and if one does commit theft one is devoid of belief. It is like a shirt removed from one’s body.” The following verse of the Quran was revealed in Madina: “Those who accuse married women of committing adultery, but are not able to prove their accusation by producing four witness, must be flogged eighty lashes. Never accept their testimony thereafter; they are sinful, (24:4) except that of those who afterwards repent and reform themselves; Allah is All- forgiving and All-merciful.” (24:5) ‘Allah has not called an accuser a believer. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “Is a believer equal to an evildoer? They are not equal at all.” (32:18) ‘Allah had made him a hypocrite. As Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “The hypocrites indeed are evildoers.” (9:67) ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has made them of the friends of Satan as He has said, . . except lblis. He was a Jinn and he sinned against the command of his Lord. . . .” (18:50) ‘Allah called him ‘condemned’ in his words, “Those who slander the unaware but chaste and believing women (of committing unlawful carnal relations) are condemned in this life and in the life hereafter. They will suffer a great punishment (24:23) on the day when their tongues, hands and feet will testify to what they have done.” (24:24) ‘Parts of the body do not testify against a believer. They testify against those who have become subject to punishment. However, the believers will receive the book of their account in their right hand as Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “. . . those whose records of deeds are given to their right hands will read the book and the least wrong will not be done to them.” (17:71) ‘Chapter 24 was revealed after Chapter 4. There is evidence for this in what Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, sent down to him (Muhammad) in Chapter 4 as follows: “Agaisnt those of your women who commit fornication, let four (Muslim) witness testify to their act. If there is sufficient testimony, confine them to their homes until they die, or until Allah provides a way for their freedom.” (4:15) ‘The path is what Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “This is a Chapter which We have revealed to you and made obligatory for you to following its guidance. We have revealed clear verses in it so that perhaps you may take heed. (24:1) “Flog the (female) fornicator and the (male) fornicator with a hundred lashes each. Let there be no reluctance in enforcing the laws of Allah, if you have faith in Allah and the Day of Judgment. Let it take place in the presence of a group of believers.”’” (24:2)

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from Aban and Jamil from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once demonstrated for us how the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu. He asked for a glass of water. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his hand allowed it to flow down his face and wiped both sides of his face. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his left hand allowed it to flow down his right hand and then wiped both sides. He (the Imam) with some water in the palm of his right hand allowed it to flow over his left and did as he had done to his right hand. Thereafter he, with whatever was left on his hand, wiped his head and feet but he did not place his hands in the water container (again).”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from al-Husayn ibn Hammad from the one who had heard abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), say the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Never beg people for financial help; it is humiliation in this world, a poverty that you make it to approach you quickly and on the Day of Judgment presentation of accounts for it will keep you much longer.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, from af-Nawfafiy from af-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once, the Messenger of Allah dispatched an army against the KhatlTam. When this army was overpowered by the enemy they sought protection by performing prostration. Certain ones among them were killed. When the news reached the Holy Prophet he said, ‘You must pay half of the amount of compensation for their lives because of their prayer.’ The Holy Prophet said, ‘I certainly denounce one who is a Muslim and yet goes to reside in the war zone with the pagans.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from ibn Jabalah and Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Salih ibn abu Hammad from ‘Abd Allah ibn Jabalah from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this Hadith. ‘On the seventh day from birth offer ‘Aqiqah, shave the head of the child and give in charity an amount of silver equal to the weight of his hairs and cut the meat of Aqiqah without breaking any bones, then cook the meat and invite a group of Muslims to be served.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ‘ Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The shroud is paid for from the whole of the legacy.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

17. Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Yazi’e, from his uncle Hamza Bin Yazi’e who said: ‘Abu Ja’far (asws) wrote to Sa’d Al-Khayr: - ‘In the Name of Allah (azwj), the Beneficent, the Merciful. Having said that, your letter came to me (asws) in which you have asked how much it is necessary to learn and the obedience to the one (asws) whose pleasure is the Pleasure of Allah (azwj). So then you had said to yourself, then you will not be blamed if you then avoid some other. You are (also) amazed (by the fact) that the Pleasure of Allah (azwj), and obedience to Him (azwj), and His (azwj) Advice is neither accepted, nor found, nor recognised except within the servants who are unrecognised (unknown to public), who are alone (away) from the people. The people have taken them in ridicule and they ascribe to them evil matters to the extent that it was said that one cannot be a Believer and is not a Believer until he becomes more hated by the people than the carcass of a donkey. And if you suffer from the affliction similar to what we (asws) have suffered, so do not consider the strife of the people (against you) like a Punishment of Allah (azwj), and I (asws) seek Refuge with Allah (azwj) as well as for you all from that, to Bring near your destination which though is a far distance. And know, may Allah (azwj) have Mercy upon you, that one cannot achieve the Love of Allah (azwj) except by hatred from a lot of the people, nor His (azwj) Wilayah except by being their enemy, and losing (their friendship) is very little in comparison to that which is Gained from Allah (azwj), for a people who know. O my (asws) brother, verily Allah (azwj) Mighty and Majestic has Made regarding everyone from the Messengers (as) a successor (as) who remains, from the people of the knowledge, calling the one who has strayed towards the guidance, and observes patience along with them upon the suffering, answering to the Call of Allah (azwj) and calling towards Allah (azwj). So look at them (asws), may Allah (azwj) have Mercy upon you, for they (asws) are in a high position even though they would be in affliction in the world and considered to be menial. They (asws) revive the dead by the Book of Allah (azwj), and they (asws) visualise by the Light of Allah (azwj) from the blindness. How many who had been killed by the Iblees (la) were revived by them (asws), and how many lost and strayed ones were guided by them (asws), sacrificing their (asws) blood to save the servants from destruction, and how good are their (asws) effects upon the servants, and how ugly are the effects of the people against them (asws)’.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Isma’il from Muhammad ibn Fudayl from abu al-Sabbah al- Kinani from abu la’ far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin (Ali ibn abu Talib) was asked, ‘Is one who testifies that no one deserves to be worshipped except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, a believer?’ The Imam said, ‘Wherefore, then, are the obligations toward Allah?’ “I (the narrator) heard the Imam saying, ‘Ali (a.s.) would say, “Had belief been just ‘asserted words’ nothing about fasting, prayer, lawful and unlawful matters would have been needed to come down (from heaven).”’ He has said, ‘I reported to abu Ja’far (a.s.) “We know a people who say that upon saying, ‘No one deserves to be worshipped except Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,’ one becomes a believer.” The Imam said, ‘Is it then that (there is no need) to apply any judicial rules to them, like the rules about theft? Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has not created any creature more honorable to Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, than a believer. The angels serve the believers; they are near Allah, that paradise is for the believers; that spouses with large black eyes are for the believers.’ He then said, ‘Do they, who reject the obligations, know that they are unbelievers?”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Dawud ibn al-Nu‘man from abu Ayyub from Bukayr ibn ’A‘yan who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once said, ‘Allow me to demonstrate before you how the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu’. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his right hand washed his face. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his left hand washed his right hand. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his right hand washed his left hand. He (the Imam) then with whatever water left in his hands wiped his head and feet.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Once abu Ja’far (a.s.), said to me, ‘O Muhammad, had people known how despicable begging is, they would never become beggars. Had people known how great the reward for helping a beggar is, no one appealing for financial help would ever have been turned away empty-handed.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from al-Hassan ibn Hammad ibn ‘Udays from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, ‘What should we do first?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘First shave his head, then offer Aqiqah and give in charity of silver equal to the weight of his hairs. All of this should be done in one place.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ‘Abd Allah from ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn Ri’ab from Mu’ash from Zurarah who has narrated the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a man who dies owing a debt which is equal to the cost of his shroud. He (the Imam) said, ‘His legacy must be spent to pay for his shroud unless people may come forward to use his legacy in business and pay for his shroud and debts.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from Salam al-Ju’fly who has said the following: “Once I asked abu ‘Aabd Allah (a.s.) about belief. He said, ‘Belief is whereby Allah is obeyed and (with it) one does not commit sins.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once said, ‘When one of you wants to mb oil over his body, he does so only with some oil in the palm of his hand and covers his whole body. Water, however, is more plentiful. Do you want me to demonstrate how the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu’?’ I said, ‘Please do so.’ He (the Imam) then placed his hand in the water but did not wash his hand. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his hand, allowed it to flow down his face and then wiped both sides of his face until he wiped it all. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his right hand, poured it on the palm of his left hand and with it he washed his right forearm. He (the Imam) with some water in the palm of his right hand, washed his left forearm. He (the Imam) then with whatever water was left on his hands, wiped his head and feet.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid, from his father, from Ahmad ibn al-Nadr in a marfu‘ manner has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Hands are of three kinds: The hands of Allah are the upper hands, the hands of a benevolent person are next in rank, and the hands of recipient of a favor are the lowest in rank. You should abstain from pleading for help (financial) as much as you can. Sustenance is behind a curtain (barrier); therefore, one may protect his dignity to find his sustenance or tear it down to find his sustenance. I swear by the One in whose hand is my life. One of you picks up a rope and goes in the valley to collect firewood. He works hard and collects so much that the length of the rope hardly reaches around the bunch of his collection. He then brings it to the market and sells it for a mud (a certain amount) of dates, saves one-third, and gives the rest in charity. This is better for him than pleading before people for financial help who may give it to him or turn him away empty-handed.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ’Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about Aqiqah : if it is obligatory. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, Aqiqah must be offered for him, his head is shaved when he is seven days old and his hairs are weighed with silver or gold to be given in charity. One-fourth of the sheep is served to al-Qabilah (the special nurse, doctor). The animal for Aqiqah should be a sheep or Badanah (camel of a certain age).”’ ( Al-Qabilah according to hadith number three, chapter ninety-three is a nurse who helps a woman to give birth and also thereafter not the one who helps one to give birth only and then moves away.)

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The first thing to pay for from the legacy is shroud, then debts, then will, then the shares of heirs.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Ali has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once said to us, ‘Should I demonstrate for you how the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu’?’ We replied, ‘Yes, please do so.’ He (the Imam) then asked for a bowl with a quantity of water in it. He (the Imam) placed it in front of him and uncovered both his forearms. He (the Imam) then immersed the palm of his right hand in the water, saying, ‘This is when the palm is clean and free of Najis (unclean) substances. He (the Imam) then filled the palm of his hand, placed on his forehead, saying ‘In the name of Allah’, allowed it to flow over the sides of his beard. He (the Imam) then passed his hand over his face and the apparent parts of his forehead only once. He (the Imam) then immersed his left hand in the water, filled his palm and placed it over his right elbow. He (the Imam) passed his palm over his forearm until water flowed toward the ends of his fingers. He (the Imam) then filled the palm of his right hand, placed it over his left elbow and passed it over his left forearm until water flowed over the ends of his fingers. He (the Imam) then wiped the front portion of his head and the back of his feet with whatever water was left in his left and right hands. Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), said, ‘Allah is odd. He loves odd numbers. Three handfuls of water is sufficient for Wudu’. One handful is for the face, one for the right forearm and one for the left forearm. With moisture in your right hand, wipe the front portion of your head, and with the remaining moisture on it wipe the back of your right foot and with the moisture in your left hand wipe the back of your left foot.’ Zurarah has said that Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), said, ‘Once a man asked ‘Amir al-Mu’minin about the Wudu’ of the Messenger of Allah and he (’Amir al-Mu’minin) demonstrated like this.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from a man from abu Ja‘far (a.s.), who has said the following: “When it is the seventh day of childbirth in your home, a boy or a girl you must offer an Aqiqah in the form of slaughtering a ram for a boy and an ewe for a girl. When you offer an Aqiqah for him, feed al-Qabilah (the special nurse, doctor) thereof. You can give the child a name on the seventh day.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah from and Bukayr who have said the following: “Once we asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the manner the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu’ He (the Imam) then asked for a washbasin or a pail with some water in it. He then immersed his right hand in it, took some water in the palm of his hand and poured it on his face. He washed his face with it. He then immersed his left hand in the water and took some water, which he poured on his right forearm, washed therewith his right hand from his elbow to his palm and did not rub it backward to his elbow. He then immersed the palm of his right hand in the water, poured water over his left forearm from the elbow and worked with it as he did with his right hand. He then wiped his head and his feet with moisture in his palm. He did not take new water in his hands. He did not push his hand under his shoelace. He then said, ‘Allah, the most Majestic, most Glorious, says, “Believers, when you rise for Salah (prayer) wash your faces and hands.” He must not have left any part of his face without being washed. He commanded him to wash his hands upto (from) the elbows. He must not have left his hands without being washed upto (from) the elbows. It is because Allah says, “Wash your faces and hands upto (from) the elbows.” He (Allah) then says, “Wipe your heads and feet up to your ankles.” If one wipes a part of his head and a part of the backs of his feet between his ankles, it is sufficient.’ We then asked, ‘What part of the feet is between ankles to the ends of fingers?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is here, the joint below the bones of the leg.’ We then asked, ‘What exactly is this?’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once, members of a tribe of al-Ansar (people of al- Madinah) came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. They offered greetings of peace and he responded likewise. They said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, we have a request from you.’ He asked, ‘What is your request?’ They replied, ‘It is a very great matter.’ He asked, ‘What is it?’ They replied, ‘Provide us a guarantee from your Lord to admit us into Paradise.’ He bent down his head and made a few marks on the ground, then raised his head and said, ‘I am ready to do it with one condition. The condition is that not one of you will ever ask anyone to give you something.’ The Imam has said that thereafter, because of that condition, a man of that tribe when on a journey; even if his whip fell off his hand while riding, he disliked to ask another person to fetch his whip. Instead, he would dismount to pick up his whip to keep his promise with the Messenger of Allah. While sitting at the table for food, they would not ask a person nearer the water to fetch them the water container. Rather they would stand up to get water.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban from Hafs al-Kunasiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When a child is born, Aqiqah must be offered for him, his head should be shaved and equal to the weight of his hairs leaf (of silver) should be given in charity. The leg and hip of the animal slaughtered for Aqiqah should be given to al-Qabilah (the special nurse, doctor). A group of Muslims should be invited to be served with meat of Aqiqah and the boy should be given a name.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

6. Muhammad ibn al-Hassan and others have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ribat from Yunus ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about Wudu’ for Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is (washing the face) once and (hands) once.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) from al-Husayn ibn abu al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah grants mercy to one of His servants who has maintained chastity, continues to do so, and abstains from asking (people) for a favor; doing so brings lowliness for one in this world quickly, and people cannot make him self-sufficient.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then mentioned a line of the poems of Hatim (a famous generous person) as an example: ‘Once I understood “giving up all hope” properly, I found it to be self-sufficiency and wealth when the soul also understood it as well; (it ) found that greed is not anything other than poverty.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘For a child Aqiqah must be offered, his head is shaved on the seventh day and equal to the weight of his hairs silver or gold should be given in charity. One leg and hip of the animal slaughtered for ‘Aqiqah should be given to al-Qabilah (the special nurse, doctor). The animal accepted as ‘Aqiqah can be a badanah (camel) or a sheep.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and abu Dawud all from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman from Ali ibn al-Mughirah from Maysarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Wudu’ is one (washing of the face and hands) and one (wiping of the head and feet).’ He (the Imam) then explained about the ankle in the back of the foot.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

7. Ali ibn Muhammad and Ahmad ibn Muhammad have narrated from Ali ibn al-Hassan from al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Amir from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Sayrafiy from Mufaddal ibn Qays ibn Rummanah who has said the following: “Once I visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and mentioned to him certain matters about my conditions. The Imam asked the housemaid to bring to him a certain bag, then he said, ‘This is the four hundred dinar that abu Ja’far (the Abbaside rule) has sent to me as a gift. Take it to ease your difficulties.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I do not want to take the money; it is not everything in my life. I love most that you pray for me before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious.’ The Imam said, ‘I will certainly do so; however, you must never speak to people about your conditions; you will seem insignificant in their sight.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a boy or a girl is born to you, on the seventh day offer an ‘Aqiqah, a sheep or a camel and eat of its meat, feed others and give him a name. Shave his head on the seventh day and equal to the weight of his hairs give silver or gold in charity. You should give to the doctor something thereof. Whatever of these (sheep or camel, silver or gold) you did is sufficient.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

8. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman who said the following: “Once I was in the presence of Abu’Abd Allah (a.s.). He (the Imam) asked for water. He then filled up his hand with water and allowed it to flow over all of his face. He then filled the palm of his hand with water and washed it with his right hand. He then filled the palm of his right hand with water, washed therewith his left hand, and thereafter wiped his head and feet saying, This is the Wudu of one who does not invent anything in it, meaning thereby transgression against the limits of Wudu”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

8. “It is narrated that Luqman said to his son, ‘Son, I have tested patience and have consumed tree barks for food. I have not found anything as bitter as poverty. If you ever face poverty, do not tell people about it; you will seem insignificant in their sight and they will be of no benefit to you. You must turn to the One who has placed it upon you as a trial. He has all the power to grant you relief, but you must ask Him for help. No one asking Him for help is ever turned away empty-handed, and no one who has placed his trust in Him is ever abandoned.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il and al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id all from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about the newborn child: when to offer ‘Aqiqah, shave his head, give in charity equal to the weight of his hair and give him a name.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘All of such things can be done on the seventh day from his birth.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

9. Ali ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Hassan have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from ‘Abd al-Karim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.), about Wudu’. He (the Imam) said, ‘Wudu’ of Ali (a.s.), was once (washing of face and hands) and once (wiping of head and feet).’” This is evidence that ablution is only "once and once", because he (sw) whenever faced two matters, both of which were in obedience of Allah, he would take the more cautious and more intense of the two for his body. Indeed, what has come from them (i.e. the Imams (AS)) is that he said, 'Ablution is twice. It is for the one who is not satisfied with it once, and he adds to it, then he says twice.' Then he said, 'And whoever adds more than twice will not be rewarded, and this is the utmost limit in ablution. Whoever exceeds it is sinful and does not have ablution. It is like someone who prays five units in Dhuhr, and had he (AS) not made it clear that it should only be made twice, it would have led the way to (washing) three (times)’. It is narrated about a man who had with him an amount of water equal to a handful, and the prayer was imminent. He said, 'So he divided it into three parts: one-third for the face, one-third for the right hand, and one-third for the left hand. He wiped his head and his feet with the remainder.'

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ali from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar ibn Musa who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about ‘Aqiqah and a newborn. He (the Imam) has stated this Hadith. ‘When a child is seven days old a name with which Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has named him must be given to him, then his head must be shaved and equal to the weight of his hairs gold or silver should be given in charity. A ram should be slaughtered, and if a ram is not available then whatever is sufficient for an animal offering during al-Hajj is sufficient for ‘Aqiqah. If this is not available then a lamb of the same year is sufficient. Al-Qabilah (the special nurse, doctor) should be given one-fourth of the meat thereof. If there is no al-Qabilah then it is up to the mother to whomever she wants to give and ten Muslims should be fed. If there are more than ten it is better. ‘Aqiqah is obligatory if one is affluent or even if one is poor; he must do so when he is able to manage; and if ‘Aqiqah is not done for one until he offers an offering animal during al-Hajj, it then is sufficient for ‘Aqiqah.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘If al-Qabilah (the special nurse, doctor) is a Jewish woman who does not eat meat of the animal slaughtered by Muslims then one-fourth of the price of the animal for ‘Aqiqah should be given to her.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

10. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from abu Basir who has said the following: “About a newborn abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this Hadith. ‘The child must be given a name on the seventh day, ‘Aqiqah must be offered, his head shaved, silver equal to the weight of his hairs should be given in charity, one leg and hip should be sent to al-Qabilah (the special nurse, doctor), and the rest of the meat should be used for food and as charity.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

11. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from his father from Zakariya ibn Adam from al-Kahiliy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘On the seventh day from the birth of a child ‘Aqiqah must be offered. One leg and hip of the animal offered as ‘Aqiqah should be given to al-Qabilah (the special nurse, doctor) and the bones should not be broken.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

12. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Aban from Hafs al-Kunasiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this Hadith. ‘When ‘Aqiqah is offered for a child, his head is shaved, equal to the weight of his hair charity is given, one leg and hip is given to al-Qabilah (the special nurse, doctor), Muslims should be invited and when they are served they should pray for the boy. A name can be given to the child on the seventh day of his birth.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Dawud ibn al-Nu’man from Ibrahim ibn ‘Uthman who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Allah, the Most Blessed the Most High, loves something to be for His own self and He hates something to be for His creatures. He hates His creatures begging for financial help from each other, but He loves their asking Him for help. There is nothing more beloved to Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, than being asked for help; therefore, you must not feel shy to ask Allah for favors from His generosity, even if it is as insignificant as a sandal’s strap that passes between the toes of a wearer.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.