Faith & Belief

كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَا أُبَالِي إِذَا قُلْتُ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ لَوِ اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيَّ الْإِنْسُ وَ الْجِنُّ- بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ وَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص اللَّهُمَّ إِلَيْكَ أَسْلَمْتُ نَفْسِي وَ إِلَيْكَ وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِي وَ إِلَيْكَ أَلْجَأْتُ ظَهْرِي وَ إِلَيْكَ فَوَّضْتُ أَمْرِي اللَّهُمَّ احْفَظْنِي بِحِفْظِ الْإِي

“Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) would say, ‘Even if all human beings and Jinns will gather together against me I will not be concerned at all after saying these words: “In the name of Allah, with Allah, from Allah, to Allah, in the way of Allah, and upon the religion of the Messenger of Allah, O Lord, to You I have submitted

قَالَ لِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع‌ إِذَا كَانَ لَكَ يَا سَمَاعَةُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَاجَةٌ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ فَإِنَّ لَهُمَا عِنْدَكَ شَأْناً مِنَ الشَّأْنِ وَ قَدْراً مِنَ الْقَدْرِ فَبِحَقِّ ذَلِكَ الشَّأْنِ وَ بِحَقِّ ذَلِكَ الْقَدْرِ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ بِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ لَم

“Abu al-Hassan (as) said to me: 'O Sama’a, whenever you have a request before Allah, the Most Majestic and Most Holy, say this: ‘O Allah, I ask you by the right of Muhammad and Ali, for they have a special status and a high rank with You, and a decree from Your decree. So by the right of that status and by the right of

كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ص يَقُولُ‌ مَا أُبَالِي إِذَا قُلْتُ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ لَوِ اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيَّ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ- بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ وَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِلَيْكَ أَسْلَمْتُ نَفْسِي وَ إِلَيْكَ وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِي وَ إِلَيْكَ أَلْجَأْتُ ظَهْرِي وَ إِلَيْكَ فَوَّضْتُ أَمْرِي اللَّه

“Ali ibn al-Husayn would say, ‘After saying these words, I will not be concerned at all even if all men and Jinn gather together against me: “In the name of Allah, with (assistance of) Allah, to Allah, in the way of Allah, and upon the religion of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant al-Salat (favors) upon Muhammad a

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ هَذَا الَّذِي قَدْ ظَهَرَ بِوَجْهِي يَزْعُمُ النَّاسُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمْ يَبْتَلِ بِهِ عَبْداً لَهُ فِيهِ حَاجَةٌ فَقَالَ لِي لَا لَقَدْ كَانَ مُؤْمِنُ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ مُكَنَّعَ الْأَصَابِعِ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ هَكَذَا وَ يَمُدُّ يَدَهُ وَ يَقُولُ- يا قَوْمِ اتَّبِعُوا الْمُرْسَلِينَ‌ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ الثُّلُثُ الْأَخِيرُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فِي أَوَّ

“Once I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) may Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, about this thing that has appeared on my face, people say that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, does not allow it to cause suffering to one about whom He cares.’ The Imam said, ‘No, that is not so. The fingers of the believin

كَانَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَدْعُو عِنْدَ قِرَاءَةِ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَنْتَ الْمُتَوَحِّدُ بِالْقُدْرَةِ وَ السُّلْطَانِ الْمَتِينِ وَ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَنْتَ الْمُتَعَالِي بِالْعِزِّ وَ الْكِبْرِيَاءِ وَ فَوْقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ‌[6] رَبَّنَا وَ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَنْتَ الْمُكْتَفِي بِعِلْمِكَ- وَ الْمُحْتَاجُ إِلَيْكَ كُلُّ ذِي عِلْمٍ رَبَّنَا وَ لَك

1. He [mursal = trasmitter] said: “Abū ‘Abdillāh (‘a.s.) used to supplicate thus when reading the Book of Allāh, to Whom belong Might and Majesty: ‘O Allāh! Our Lord! All praise is due to You – You are the Only One with power and firm authority. And all praise is due to You – You are the Exalted with might and grandeur

قَالَ لِي‌ أَكْثِرْ مِنْ أَنْ تَقُولَ- اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْمُعَارِينَ‌[2] وَ لَا تُخْرِجْنِي مِنَ التَّقْصِيرِ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَمَّا الْمُعَارِينَ فَقَدْ عَرَفْتُ فَمَا مَعْنَى لَا تُخْرِجْنِي مِنَ التَّقْصِيرِ قَالَ كُلُّ عَمَلٍ تَعْمَلُهُ تُرِيدُ بِهِ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَكُنْ فِيهِ مُقَصِّراً عِنْدَ نَفْسِكَ فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ كُلَّهُمْ فِي أَعْمَالِهِمْ فِي مَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ ع

7. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ibn Mahbub from al- Fadl ibn Yunus who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan (a.s.) once said to me, ‘Say very often, “O Lord, do not place me among those whose belief is temporary and do not take me out of shortcomings.” I (the narrator) then asked, ‘I kn

يَا مَنْ دَلَّنِي عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ ذَلَّلَ قَلْبِي بِتَصْدِيقِهِ أَسْأَلُكَ الْأَمْنَ وَ الْإِيمَانَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.

9. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from Yahya ibn al- Mubarak from Ibrahim ibn abu al-‘Ala’-Balad, from his uncle from al-Rida (a.s.) who has said the following: “O the One who guided me to His Ownself and humbled my heart due to its affirming His existence, I plead before You for peace and belie

اللَّهُمَّ امْلَأْ قَلْبِي حُبّاً لَكَ وَ خَشْيَةً مِنْكَ وَ تَصْدِيقاً وَ إِيمَاناً بِكَ وَ فَرَقاً مِنْكَ‌[1] وَ شَوْقاً إِلَيْكَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَ الْإِكْرَامِ اللَّهُمَّ حَبِّبْ إِلَيَّ لِقَاءَكَ وَ اجْعَلْ لِي فِي لِقَائِكَ خَيْرَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ الْبَرَكَةِ وَ أَلْحِقْنِي بِالصَّالِحِينَ* وَ لَا تُؤَخِّرْنِي‌[2] مَعَ الْأَشْرَارِ وَ أَلْحِقْنِي بِصَالِحِ مَنْ مَضَى وَ اجْعَلْنِي مَعَ صَالِحِ مَنْ بَقِيَ وَ خ

24. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Karram from ibn abu Ya’fur from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “O Lord, fill my heart with love for You, concern about You, affirmation of and belief in Your existence, fear from You and longing toward You, O Glorious, O Mag

إِنَّ أَبَا ذَرٍّ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ مَعَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فِي صُورَةِ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ وَ قَدِ اسْتَخْلَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمَّا رَآهُمَا انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُمَا وَ لَمْ يَقْطَعْ كَلَامَهُمَا فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع يَا مُحَمَّدُ هَذَا أَبُو ذَرٍّ قَدْ مَرَّ بِنَا وَ لَمْ يُسَلِّمْ عَلَيْنَا أَمَا لَوْ سَلَّمَ لَرَدَدْنَا عَلَيْهِ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ لَهُ دُعَاءً يَدْعُو بِهِ مَعْرُوفاً عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الس

“Once abu Dharr came to the Messenger of Allah while Jibril (Gabriel) was, in the form of Dihyah al-Kalbi (one of the companions of the Holy Prophet), in a private meeting with the Messenger of Allah. When he saw them he turned away from them and did not want to disrupt their conversation. Jibril (Gabriel) said, ‘O Muh

قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ قَوْلَ التَّوَّابِينَ وَ عَمَلَهُمْ وَ نُورَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ صِدْقَهُمْ وَ نَجَاةَ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ وَ ثَوَابَهُمْ وَ شُكْرَ الْمُصْطَفَيْنَ وَ نَصِيحَتَهُمْ وَ عَمَلَ الذَّاكِرِينَ وَ يَقِينَهُمْ وَ إِيمَانَ الْعُلَمَاءِ وَ فِقْهَهُمْ وَ تَعَبُّدَ الْخَاشِعِينَ وَ تَوَاضُعَهُمْ وَ حُكْمَ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَ سِيرَتَهُمْ وَ خَشْيَةَ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَ رَغْبَتَهُمْ وَ تَصْدِيقَ الْمُؤْمِنِي

33. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mansur ibn Yunus from abu Basir from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Say, ‘O Lord, I plead before You, to grant me such words as those of repenting people and their deeds, the light of the prophets and their truthfulness, salva

قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ع عَلِّمْنِي دُعَاءً وَ أَوْجِزْ فَقَالَ قُلْ يَا مَنْ دَلَّنِي عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ ذَلَّلَ قَلْبِي بِتَصْدِيقِهِ أَسْأَلُكَ الْأَمْنَ وَ الْإِيمَانَ.

34. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn al-Walid from Yunus who has said the following: “Once I asked al-Rida (a.s.) to instruct me with a concise supplication. The Imam instructed me to say, ‘O the One who has guided me to His Own self and has humbled my heart with its affirmation

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِنَّ الدَّوَاوِينَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ثَلَاثَةٌ دِيوَانٌ فِيهِ النِّعَمُ وَ دِيوَانٌ فِيهِ الْحَسَنَاتُ وَ دِيوَانٌ فِيهِ السَّيِّئَاتُ فَيُقَابَلُ بَيْنَ دِيوَانِ النِّعَمِ وَ دِيوَانِ الْحَسَنَاتِ فَتَسْتَغْرِقُ النِّعَمُ عَامَّةَ الْحَسَنَاتِ وَ يَبْقَى دِيوَانُ السَّيِّئَاتِ فَيُدْعَى بِابْنِ آدَمَ الْمُؤْمِنِ لِلْحِسَابِ فَيَتَقَدَّمُ الْقُرْآنُ أَمَامَهُ فِي أَحْسَنِ صُورَةٍ فَيَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘On the Day of Judgment there will be three books of records: the book of the record of the good deeds, the book of the record of the bounties and the book of the record of the evil deeds. The records of the good deeds and the bounties will be compared and (in a particular case) the rec

مَنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ وَ هُوَ شَابٌّ مُؤْمِنٌ اخْتَلَطَ الْقُرْآنُ بِلَحْمِهِ وَ دَمِهِ وَ جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ وَ كَانَ الْقُرْآنُ حَجِيزاً عَنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ كُلَّ عَامِلٍ قَدْ أَصَابَ أَجْرَ عَمَلِهِ غَيْرَ عَامِلِي فَبَلِّغْ بِهِ أَكْرَمَ عَطَايَاكَ قَالَ‌ فَيَكْسُوهُ اللَّهُ الْعَزِيزُ الْجَبَّارُ حُلَّتَيْنِ مِنْ حُلَلِ الْجَنَّ

“If a young believing person reads the Holy Quran, it mixes with his flesh and blood. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, will include him among the honorable and virtuous carriers of the message of Allah and on the Day of Judgment the Holy Quran will be his supporter. The Holy Quran will say, ‘O Lord, every worke

النَّاسُ أَرْبَعَةٌ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ مَا هُمْ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أُوتِيَ الْإِيمَانَ وَ لَمْ يُؤْتَ الْقُرْآنَ وَ رَجُلٌ أُوتِيَ الْقُرْآنَ وَ لَمْ يُؤْتَ الْإِيمَانَ وَ رَجُلٌ أُوتِيَ الْقُرْآنَ وَ أُوتِيَ الْإِيمَانَ وَ رَجُلٌ‌ لَمْ يُؤْتَ الْقُرْآنَ وَ لَا الْإِيمَانَ قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَسِّرْ لِي حَالَهُمْ فَقَالَ أَمَّا الَّذِي أُوتِيَ الْإِيمَانَ وَ لَمْ يُؤْتَ الْقُرْآنَ فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ

“People are of four kinds. I (the narrator) then asked, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, who are they?’ The Imam said, ‘A man who has received belief but not the Holy Quran, a man who has received the Holy Quran but not belief, a man who has received both belief and the Holy Quran and a man who has re

يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُؤْمِنِ أَنْ لَا يَمُوتَ حَتَّى يَتَعَلَّمَ الْقُرْآنَ أَوْ يَكُونَ فِي تَعْلِيمِهِ.

“It is incumbent on a believer not to die without having learnt the Qur’an or being in the process of learning it.”

نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ بِإِيَّاكِ أَعْنِي وَ اسْمَعِي يَا جَارَةُ[1]. - وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَعْنَاهُ مَا عَاتَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ ص فَهُوَ يَعْنِي بِهِ مَا قَدْ مَضَى فِي الْقُرْآنِ مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ‌ وَ لَوْ لا أَنْ ثَبَّتْناكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئاً قَلِيلًا[2] عَنَى بِذَلِكَ غَيْرَهُ.

“The Holy Quran was revealed in a manner like, ‘I speak to you, but it is the neighbor who must listen.’” It is narrated, in another Hadith, from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The meaning of ‘I speak to you, but it is the neighbor who must listen’, is that whenever Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ ثَلَاثٌ يُصْفِينَ وُدَّ الْمَرْءِ لِأَخِيهِ الْمُسْلِمِ يَلْقَاهُ بِالْبِشْرِ إِذَا لَقِيَهُ وَ يُوَسِّعُ لَهُ فِي الْمَجْلِسِ إِذَا جَلَسَ إِلَيْهِ وَ يَدْعُوهُ بِأَحَبِّ الْأَسْمَاءِ إِلَيْهِ.

“The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Three things purify a Muslim’s love for his brother (in belief): meeting him in a cheerful manner, preparing for him a seat if he wants to sit down in a gathering, and calling him by his names that he loves most.’”

قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِذَا أَحْبَبْتَ أَحَداً مِنْ إِخْوَانِكَ فَأَعْلِمْهُ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع قَالَ‌ رَبِّ أَرِنِي كَيْفَ تُحْيِ الْمَوْتى‌ قالَ أَ وَ لَمْ تُؤْمِنْ قالَ بَلى‌ وَ لكِنْ لِيَطْمَئِنَّ قَلْبِي‌[1].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) once said to me, ‘If you love one of your brothers (in belief), tell him about it; Ibrahim said, “O Lord, show me how do You bring the dead back to life?” The Lord asked, “Do you not believe it?” He said, “Yes, I firmly believe, but it is to comfort my heart . . (2:260)

إِذَا سَلَّمَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَجْهَرْ بِسَلَامِهِ لَا يَقُولُ سَلَّمْتُ فَلَمْ يَرُدُّوا عَلَيَّ وَ لَعَلَّهُ يَكُونُ قَدْ سَلَّمَ وَ لَمْ يُسْمِعْهُمْ فَإِذَا رَدَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَجْهَرْ بِرَدِّهِ وَ لَا يَقُولُ الْمُسَلِّمُ سَلَّمْتُ فَلَمْ يَرُدُّوا عَلَيَّ ثُمَّ قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَقُولُ لَا تَغْضَبُوا وَ لَا تُغْضِبُوا أَفْشُوا السَّلَامَ وَ أَطِيبُوا الْكَلَامَ وَ صَلُّوا بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّاسُ نِيَامٌ ت

“When anyone of you offers the greeting of peace he should say it loud and clear so he will not complain that no one answered his greeting of peace. He may have offered, but no one may have heard it and when any one of you answers the greeting he should say it loud and clear so that the one offering it will not say, ‘I

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ لِلْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى أَخِيهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا لَقِيَهُ وَ يَعُودَهُ إِذَا مَرِضَ وَ يَنْصَحَ لَهُ إِذَا غَابَ وَ يُسَمِّتَهُ‌[1] إِذَا عَطَسَ يَقُولَ‌ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ* لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ يَقُولَ لَهُ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ فَيُجِيبَهُ فَيَقُولَ لَهُ يَهْدِيكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ يُصْلِحُ بَالَكُمْ وَ يُجِيبَهُ إِذَا دَعَاهُ وَ يَتْبَعَهُ إِذَا مَاتَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘One of the rights of a Muslim on his brother (in belief) is that on meeting him he should offer him the greeting of peace, visit him when he is ill, look after his interests in his absence and when sneezing one should say: “All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds, who has no pa

كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَأَحْصَيْتُ فِي الْبَيْتِ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَعَطَسَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَمَا تَكَلَّمَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَلَّا تُسَمِّتُونَ أَلَّا تُسَمِّتُونَ مِنْ حَقِ‌[4] الْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ إِذَا مَرِضَ أَنْ يَعُودَهُ وَ إِذَا مَاتَ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ جَنَازَتَهُ وَ إِذَا عَطَسَ أَنْ يُسَمِّتَهُ أَوْ قَالَ يُشَمِّتَهُ وَ إِذَا دَعَاهُ أَن

“Once we were in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). I counted that the people present were fourteen. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) sneezed and no one from the people said anything. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) then asked, ‘You did not respond. Why did you not respond? It is of the rights of a believing person on the other believi

قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مِنْ إِجْلَالِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِجْلَالُ الْمُؤْمِنِ ذِي الشَّيْبَةِ وَ مَنْ أَكْرَمَ مُؤْمِناً فَبِكَرَامَةِ اللَّهِ بَدَأَ[1] وَ مَنِ اسْتَخَفَّ بِمُؤْمِنٍ ذِي شَيْبَةٍ أَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ يَسْتَخِفُّ بِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ.

“Once Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) said to me, ‘It is respecting Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, to respect an old believing person. Whoever honors an old believing person has begun (with) honoring Allah. Whoever disrespects an old believing person, Allah will send to him someone who will disrespect him before his dea

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ إِنَّ مِنْ حَقِّ الدَّاخِلِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ أَنْ يَمْشُوا مَعَهُ هُنَيْئَةً إِذَا دَخَلَ وَ إِذَا خَرَجَ وَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا دَخَلَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى أَخِيهِ الْمُسْلِمِ فِي بَيْتِهِ فَهُوَ أَمِيرٌ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ‌[2].

“The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘It is of the rights of a newcomer on the people of the house to gently escort him when entering and leaving.’ The Imam said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘When anyone enters the house of his brother (in belief), the host then is his commander until he leaves.’”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ الِاتِّكَاءُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ رَهْبَانِيَّةُ الْعَرَبِ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ مَجْلِسُهُ مَسْجِدُهُ وَ صَوْمَعَتُهُ بَيْتُهُ.

“The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Sitting in the Mosque in a leaning posture is the monkish practice of the Arabs. The gathering place of believing people is the Mosque, and their monastery is their home.’”

مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ إِلَّا وَ فِيهِ دُعَابَةٌ قُلْتُ وَ مَا الدُّعَابَةُ قَالَ الْمِزَاحُ.

“There is no believer except that within him is humour." I asked, "What is humour?". The Imam said, "Jokes."

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ كَيْفَ مُدَاعَبَةُ بَعْضِكُمْ بَعْضاً قُلْتُ قَلِيلٌ قَالَ فَلَا تَفْعَلُوا[3] فَإِنَّ الْمُدَاعَبَةَ مِنْ حُسْنِ الْخُلُقِ وَ إِنَّكَ لَتُدْخِلُ بِهَا السُّرُورَ عَلَى أَخِيكَ وَ لَقَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُدَاعِبُ الرَّجُلَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَسُرَّهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘How is your telling funny stories for each other?’ I said, ‘It is very little.’ The Imam said, ‘Do not do so. Telling funny stories is of delightful moral discipline. You can bring joy to your brother (in belief). The Messenger of Allah would tell funny stories to bring cheerfulness fe

ضَحِكُ الْمُؤْمِنِ تَبَسُّمٌ.

“The laughing of a believing person is smiling.”

كَثْرَةُ الْمِزَاحِ تَذْهَبُ بِمَاءِ الْوَجْهِ‌[1] وَ كَثْرَةُ الضَّحِكِ تَمُجُّ الْإِيمَانَ مَجّاً[2].

“Much joking eliminates the dignity of one’s face and much laughing hurls belief far away.”

فِي وَصِيَّةٍ لَهُ لِبَعْضِ وُلْدِهِ أَوْ قَالَ قَالَ أَبِي لِبَعْضِ وُلْدِهِ‌ إِيَّاكَ وَ الْمِزَاحَ فَإِنَّهُ يَذْهَبُ بِنُورِ إِيمَانِكَ وَ يَسْتَخِفُّ بِمُرُوءَتِكَ.

“The Imam said in his will to one of his sons or that he said, ‘My father said to one of his sons: “Beware of playing jokes; it eliminates the light of your belief, and decreases your manhood.’”

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لِي جَارٌ يُؤْذِينِي فَقَالَ ارْحَمْهُ فَقُلْتُ لَا رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فَصَرَفَ وَجْهَهُ عَنِّي قَالَ فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَدَعَهُ فَقُلْتُ يَفْعَلُ بِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ يَفْعَلُ بِي وَ يُؤْذِينِي فَقَالَ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَاشَفْتَهُ انْتَصَفْتَ مِنْهُ‌[1] فَقُلْتُ بَلَى أُرْبِي عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ ذَا مِمَّنْ يَحْسُدُ النَّاسَ عَلى‌ ما آتاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ‌

“Once I went in the presence of Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) and said to him, ‘My neighbor causes me suffering.’ The Imam said, ‘Be kind to him.’ I said, ‘I wish Allah will not grant him any kindness.’ The Imam turned away from me and I did not like to leave him and I said, ‘He does this and that to me and keeps causing me to

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ الْمُؤْمِنُ مَنْ آمَنَ جَارُهُ بَوَائِقَهُ قُلْتُ وَ مَا بَوَائِقُهُ قَالَ ظُلْمُهُ وَ غَشْمُهُ‌[2].

“I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘A believing person is one whose neighbors are safe from his bawa’iq, I then asked, ‘What is bawa’iq ,’ The Imam said, ‘His injustice and transgressions.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَبْدَأُ بِالرَّجُلِ فِي الْكِتَابِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْفَضْلِ يَبْدَأُ الرَّجُلُ بِأَخِيهِ يُكْرِمُهُ.

“Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) about a man who initiates writing to another man. The Imam said, ‘It is not an offense. It is an excellent act when a man initiates honoring his brother (in belief).”’

اغْسِلْهَا. تَمَّ كِتَابُ الْعِشْرَةِ وَ لِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ وَ الْمِنَّةُ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ الطَّاهِرِينَ. (هذا آخر كتاب العشرة و به تم كتاب الأصول من الكافي)* شكر و تقدير أقدّم شكري المتواصل و ثنائي العاطر إلى زميلنا المحترم البارع المفضال (محمّد باقر البهبوديّ) زاد اللّه في تأييده حيث عاضدني في تصحيح الكتاب و مقابلته و عرضه على النسخ المخطوطة. ثمّ نشكر مجهود الفاضل الوجيه (الحا

إِنَّمَا الْوُضُوءُ حَدٌّ مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ لِيَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ مَنْ يُطِيعُهُ وَ مَنْ يَعْصِيهِ وَ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ[2] إِنَّمَا يَكْفِيهِ مِثْلُ الدَّهْنِ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Wudu’ is one of the boundaries Allah has established so that He finds out who obeys or disobeys Him. The believing people do not allow it (their body) to remain unclean. It is sufficient to use a small amount of water like rubbing oil on one’s body.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ وَ هُوَ يُحَدِّثُ النَّاسَ بِمَكَّةَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْفَجْرَ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَجَعَلَ يَقُومُ الرَّجُلُ بَعْدَ الرَّجُلِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَهُ إِلَّا رَجُلَانِ أَنْصَارِيٌّ وَ ثَقَفِيٌّ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ لَكُمَا حَاجَةً وَ تُرِيدَانِ أَنْ تَسْأَلَا عَنْهَا فَإِنْ شِئْتُمَا أَخْبَرْتُكُمَا بِحَا

“I heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), say while speaking to people in Makkah, ‘One day the Messenger of Allah completed his Salah (prayer) of the morning and sat in the Masjid with his companions until sunrise. Thereafter, people one by one left the Masjid except two men, one from the people of Ansar and the other from Thaqif. T

الْوُضُوءُ شَطْرُ الْإِيمَانِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Wudu’ is part of belief.’”

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ الْحُمَّى رَائِدُ الْمَوْتِ‌[3] وَ هُوَ سِجْنُ اللَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ هُوَ حَظُّ الْمُؤْمِنِ مِنَ النَّارِ.

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say that fever is the harbinger of death; it is the prison of Allah on earth and the share of a believing person from the fire.”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ إِنَّ مَوْتَ الْفَجْأَةِ تَخْفِيفٌ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ أَخْذَةُ أَسَفٍ عَنِ الْكَافِرِ[1].

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘A sudden death compensates (for the short comings) of a believing person but it is a regrettable grip for an unbeliever.’”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ الْحُمَّى رَائِدُ الْمَوْتِ وَ سِجْنُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِي أَرْضِهِ وَ فَوْرُهَا مِنْ جَهَنَّمَ وَ هِيَ حَظُّ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ مِنَ النَّارِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Fever is a harbinger of death and a prison of Allah on earth. Its heat is from hell and that is the share of a believing person (instead) of hellfire.’”

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ يُبْتَلَى بِكُلِّ بَلِيَّةٍ وَ يَمُوتُ بِكُلِّ مِيتَةٍ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا يَقْتُلُ نَفْسَهُ.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ’A believing person may die by any form of death and suffer from any form of suffering; however, he does not kill himself.”’

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مِيتَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَقَالَ يَمُوتُ الْمُؤْمِنُ بِكُلِّ مِيتَةٍ يَمُوتُ غَرَقاً وَ يَمُوتُ بِالْهَدْمِ وَ يُبْتَلَى بِالسَّبُعِ وَ يَمُوتُ بِالصَّاعِقَةِ وَ لَا تُصِيبُ ذَاكِرَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى.

The Imam said, ‘A believing person may die by any form of death, such as by drowning, or collapse of a house, by beasts or thunderous lightening but not when speaking of Allah.’”

إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَبْتَلِي الْمُؤْمِنَ بِكُلِّ بَلِيَّةٍ وَ يُمِيتُهُ بِكُلِّ مِيتَةٍ وَ لَا يَبْتَلِيهِ بِذَهَابِ عَقْلِهِ أَ مَا تَرَى أَيُّوبَ ع كَيْفَ سَلَّطَ إِبْلِيسَ عَلَى مَالِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يُسَلِّطْهُ عَلَى عَقْلِهِ تَرَكَ لَهُ مَا يُوَحِّدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ.

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, places a believing person under any kind of test and trial and causes him or her to die by any form of death but He does not cause him or her to suffer the loss of reason. Consider the case of prophet Ayyub, how Satan controlled his property, chil

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَتَبَسَّمَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَأَيْنَاكَ رَفَعْتَ رَأْسَكَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَتَبَسَّمْتَ قَالَ نَعَمْ عَجِبْتُ لِمَلَكَيْنِ هَبَطَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ يَلْتَمِسَانِ عَبْداً مُؤْمِناً صَالِحاً فِي مُصَلًّى كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ لِيَكْتُبَا لَهُ عَمَلَهُ فِي يَوْمِهِ وَ لَيْلَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَجِدَاهُ فِي مُصَلَّاهُ فَعَرَجَا إِلَى السَّم

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once the Messenger of Allah raised his head to the heaven and smiled. He was asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, we saw you. Why did you raise your head t

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِذَا مَرِضَ الْمُؤْمِنُ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الشِّمَالِ لَا تَكْتُبْ عَلَى عَبْدِي مَا دَامَ فِي حَبْسِي وَ وَثَاقِي ذَنْباً وَ يُوحِي إِلَى صَاحِبِ الْيَمِينِ أَنِ اكْتُبْ لِعَبْدِي مَا كُنْتَ تَكْتُبُهُ فِي صِحَّتِهِ مِنَ الْحَسَنَاتِ.

’When a believing person becomes ill, Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, sends revelation to the guard angel on his left side that says, “Do not write any evil thing against My servant until he is in My prison and is tied down in My heavy impediment.” He then sends revelation to the guard angel on his right side that s

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمَرِيضِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يُؤْذِنَ إِخْوَانَهُ بِمَرَضِهِ فَيَعُودُونَهُ فَيُؤْجَرُ فِيهِمْ وَ يُؤْجَرُونَ فِيهِ قَالَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ نَعَمْ هُمْ يُؤْجَرُونَ بِمَمْشَاهُمْ إِلَيْهِ فَكَيْفَ يُؤْجَرُ هُوَ فِيهِمْ قَالَ فَقَالَ بِاكْتِسَابِهِ لَهُمُ الْحَسَنَاتِ فَيُؤْجَرُ فِيهِمْ فَيُكْتَبُ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ عَشْرُ حَسَنَاتٍ وَ يُرْفَعُ لَهُ عَشْرُ دَرَجَاتٍ وَ يُمْحَى بِهَ

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘If one among you becomes ill, he should allow his brothers in belief to visit him during his illness, so that he may receive reward for it (for giving permission to visitors) and they may also receive reward for their visit.’ He (the Imam) was asked, ‘Their receiving reward for the

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِذَا دَخَلَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى أَخِيهِ عَائِداً لَهُ فَلْيَسْأَلْهُ يَدْعُو لَهُ فَإِنَّ دُعَاءَهُ مِثْلُ دُعَاءِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ[1].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one of you visits his brother in belief during his illness, he should ask him (the patient) to pray for him; a patient’s prayer is like the prayer of the angels.’”

أَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ عَادَ مُؤْمِناً خَاضَ فِي الرَّحْمَةِ خَوْضاً فَإِذَا جَلَسَ غَمَرَتْهُ الرَّحْمَةُ فَإِذَا انْصَرَفَ وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لَهُ وَ يَسْتَرْحِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَقُولُونَ طِبْتَ وَ طَابَتْ لَكَ الْجَنَّةُ إِلَى تِلْكَ السَّاعَةِ مِنْ غَدٍ وَ كَانَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ خَرِيفٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ قُلْتُ وَ مَا الْخَرِيفُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ زَاوِيَةٌ فِي الْجَن

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘If a believing person visits a believing patient, he enters deep into mercy, and when he sits down, mercy covers him altogether. When he returns, Allah assigns seventy thousand angels to ask forgiveness and mercy for him saying, “You did a good deed, may paradise become your dwelling,” un

أَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ عَادَ مُؤْمِناً فِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي مَرَضِهِ وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ مَلَكاً مِنَ الْعُوَّادِ يَعُودُهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a believing person visits a believing patient just for the sake of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, Allah assigns an angel of the visiting angels to visit him in his grave and ask forgiveness for him up to the Day of Judgment.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ أَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ عَادَ مُؤْمِناً مَرِيضاً فِي مَرَضِهِ حِينَ يُصْبِحُ شَيَّعَهُ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ فَإِذَا قَعَدَ غَمَرَتْهُ الرَّحْمَةُ وَ اسْتَغْفَرُوا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ حَتَّى يُمْسِيَ وَ إِنْ عَادَهُ مَسَاءً كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ.

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘If a believing person visits a believing patient in his illness in the morning, seventy thousand angels escort him, and when he sits down, mercy covers him altogether and they ask Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, until nightfall to forgive him. If his visit takes place

أَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ عَادَ مُؤْمِناً حِينَ يُصْبِحُ شَيَّعَهُ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ فَإِذَا قَعَدَ غَمَرَتْهُ الرَّحْمَةُ وَ اسْتَغْفَرُوا لَهُ حَتَّى يُمْسِيَ وَ إِنْ عَادَهُ مَسَاءً كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ.

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that if a believing person visits a believing patient in the morning, seventy thousand angels escort him. When he sits down, mercy covers him altogether until nightfall. If he visits in the evening, similar things happen for him until the next morning.”