Parents

لَهُ اتَّجِرْ بِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِي رَغْبَةٌ فِي رِبْحِهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ الرِّبْحُ مَرْغُوباً فِيهِ وَ لَكِنِّي أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَرَانِيَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ مُتَعَرِّضاً لِفَوَائِدِهِ قَالَ فَرَبِحْتُ لَهُ فِيهَا مِائَةَ دِينَارٍ ثُمَّ لَقِيتُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ قَدْ رَبِحْتُ لَكَ فِيهَا مِائَةَ دِينَارٍ قَالَ فَفَرِحَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِذَلِكَ فَرَحاً شَدِيداً فَقَالَ لِي أَثْبِتْهَا فِي

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once gave my father one thousand seven hundred dinars and told him to use them in business. He (the Imam) then said, ‘I am not interested in its profits, even though profits are desirable. I love, however, that Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, see me work to make profits.’ He (the narrator)

لَيْسَ مِنْ نَفْسٍ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهَا رِزْقَهَا حَلَالًا يَأْتِيهَا فِي عَافِيَةٍ وَ عَرَضَ لَهَا بِالْحَرَامِ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ فَإِنْ هِيَ تَنَاوَلَتْ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْحَرَامِ قَاصَّهَا بِهِ‌[2] مِنَ الْحَلَالِ الَّذِي فَرَضَ لَهَا وَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ سِوَاهُمَا فَضْلٌ كَثِيرٌ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ سْئَلُوا اللَّهَ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ‌[3].

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Ibrahim ibn abu al-Balad from his father who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘There is not a single soul whose sustenance Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has not assigned of the lawful kind and in good h

قَالَ أَبِي ع لِبَعْضِ وُلْدِهِ‌ إِيَّاكَ وَ الْكَسَلَ وَ الضَّجَرَ فَإِنَّهُمَا يَمْنَعَانِكَ مِنْ حَظِّكَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.

2. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Mahbub from Sa‘d ibn abu Khalaf from abu al-Hassan, Musa, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, Musa has said, ‘My father, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once said to a certain one of his sons, “Beware of laziness and impatience; these two can deprive you of your share

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَتَّجِرُ فَإِنْ هُوَ آجَرَ نَفْسَهُ أُعْطِيَ مَا يُصِيبُ فِي تِجَارَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَا يُؤَاجِرْ نَفْسَهُ وَ لَكِنْ يَسْتَرْزِقُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَتَّجِرُ فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا آجَرَ نَفْسَهُ حَظَرَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الرِّزْقَ‌[2]. بَابُ‌[3] مُبَاشَرَةِ الْأَشْيَاءِ بِنَفْسِهِ‌

3. Ahmad his has narrated from his father from Muhammad ibn ‘Amr from al-Sabatiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who places himself for hire; if what he achieves he has to give it all. He (the Imam) said, ‘He should not place h

مَا أُحْصِي مَا سَمِعْتُ- أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع يُنْشِدُ - فَإِنْ يَكُ يَا أُمَيْمُ عَلَيَّ دَيْنٌ‌ فَعِمْرَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى يَسْتَدِينُ‌

‘O mother, if I may become indebted (consider) that Moses son of ‘Imran would also borrow.’”

قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَا عُذَافِرُ إِنَّكَ تُعَامِلُ أَبَا أَيُّوبَ وَ الرَّبِيعَ فَمَا حَالُكَ إِذَا نُودِيَ بِكَ فِي أَعْوَانِ الظَّلَمَةِ قَالَ فَوَجَمَ أَبِي‌[2] فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَمَّا رَأَى مَا أَصَابَهُ أَيْ عُذَافِرُ إِنَّمَا خَوَّفْتُكَ بِمَا خَوَّفَنِي اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ فَقَدِمَ أَبِي فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مَغْمُوماً مَكْرُوباً حَتَّى مَاتَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once said to me, ‘O ‘Adha’fir, you cooperate with abu Ayyub and al-Rabi‘, how will your condition be when you will be called along with the helpers of unjust ones? He (the narrator) has said that my father became extremely depressed and abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), upon seeing the condition of my fath

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ مَعِي ثَوْبَانِ فَقَالَ لِي يَا أَبَا إِسْمَاعِيلَ يَجِيئُنِي مِنْ قِبَلِكُمْ أَثْوَابٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَ لَيْسَ يَجِيئُنِي مِثْلُ هَذَيْنِ الثَّوْبَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ تَحْمِلُهُمَا أَنْتَ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ تَغْزِلُهُمَا أُمُّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ أَنْسِجُهُمَا أَنَا فَقَالَ لِي حَائِكٌ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَا تَكُنْ حَائِكاً قُلْتُ فَمَا أَكُونُ قَالَ كُنْ صَيْقَلًا وَ كَانَتْ

“Once I visited Abu ’Abdullah (a.s). I had two pieces of fabric materials with me. He (the Imam) said, ‘O Abu Isma'il, from your area people bring us many kinds of fabrics but not like these two pieces that you carry.’ I said, I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, the mother of Isma’il prepares thr

قَالَ لِي أَبِي يَا جَعْفَرُ أَوْقِفْ لِي مِنْ مَالِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا لِنَوَادِبَ تَنْدُبُنِي عَشْرَ سِنِينَ بِمِنًى أَيَّامَ مِنًى‌[1].

"My father said to me, ‘O Ja‘far, assign a certain amount from my so-and-so properties as endowment, so payments can be made to people who will eulogize to mourn for me in Mina for ten years.’”

كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مَعَنَا فِي الْحَيِّ وَ لَهَا جَارِيَةٌ نَائِحَةٌ فَجَاءَتْ إِلَى أَبِي فَقَالَتْ يَا عَمِّ أَنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ مَعِيشَتِي مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْجَارِيَةِ النَّائِحَةِ وَ قَدْ أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ تَسْأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ حَلَالًا وَ إِلَّا بِعْتُهَا وَ أَكَلْتُ مِنْ ثَمَنِهَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ اللَّهُ‌ بِالْفَرَجِ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبِي وَ اللَّهِ

“In our neighborhood there was a woman who had a slave-girl who sang eulogies. She came to my father and said, ‘O Uncle, you know about my means of living from Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and then it is from this slave-girl’s singing eulogies. I like if you ask abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), for me about it if it is l

أَتَى رَجُلٌ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص فَقَالَ إِنِّي كَسَبْتُ مَالًا أَغْمَضْتُ فِي مَطَالِبِهِ حَلَالًا وَ حَرَاماً وَ قَدْ أَرَدْتُ التَّوْبَةَ وَ لَا أَدْرِي الْحَلَالَ مِنْهُ وَ الْحَرَامَ وَ قَدِ اخْتَلَطَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع تَصَدَّقْ بِخُمُسِ مَالِكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ اسْمُهُ رَضِيَ مِنَ الْأَشْيَاءِ بِالْخُمُسِ وَ سَائِرُ الْأَمْوَالِ لَكَ حَلَالٌ‌[2].

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once a man came to ’Amir al-Mu’minin saying, ‘In my earnings I have been neglectful about lawful and unlawful matters, and I want to repent, but I do not know which item in

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا عُذْرَ لِأَحَدٍ فِيهَا أَدَاءُ الْأَمَانَةِ إِلَى الْبَرِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ وَ الْوَفَاءُ بِالْعَهْدِ إِلَى الْبَرِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ وَ بِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ بَرَّيْنِ كَانَا أَوْ فَاجِرَيْنِ.

“I heard abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘There are three issues in which one has no choice: They are safe return of trust of a virtuous or sinful person, keeping one’s promise to a virtuous or sinful person, and kindness to parents, regardless, of their being virtuous or sinful ones.’”

لَمَّا هَلَكَ أَبِي سَيَابَةُ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِ إِلَيَّ فَضَرَبَ الْبَابَ عَلَيَّ فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَعَزَّانِي وَ قَالَ لِي هَلْ تَرَكَ أَبُوكَ شَيْئاً فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَا فَدَفَعَ إِلَيَّ كِيساً فِيهِ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ وَ قَالَ لِي أَحْسِنْ حِفْظَهَا وَ كُلْ فَضْلَهَا فَدَخَلْتُ إِلَى أُمِّي وَ أَنَا فَرِحٌ فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِالْعَشِيِّ أَتَيْتُ صَدِيقاً كَانَ لِأَبِي فَاشْتَرَى لِي بَضَائِع

“When my father, Sayabah, passed away, one of his brothers came to me and knocked at the door. I went out to meet him. He offered me condolence and asked, ‘Has your father left anything?’ I replied, ‘No, he has not left anything.’ He then gave to me a bag with a thousand dirham in it and said, ‘Keep it (the capital) sa

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ لِابْنِهِ مَالٌ فَيَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ الْأَبُ قَالَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ فَأَمَّا الْأُمُّ فَلَا تَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَرْضاً عَلَى نَفْسِهَا[1].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man whose son owned a certain amount of wealth and his father was needy. He (the Imam) replied, ‘He has permission to use such wealth for food; however, a mother does not have such permission but she can borrow on her own responsibility.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ مَالِ وَلَدِهِ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يُضْطَرَّ إِلَيْهِ فَيَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ لَا يَصْلُحُ لِلْوَلَدِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ مَالِ وَالِدِهِ شَيْئاً إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْذَنَ وَالِدُهُ‌[2].

“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about a man who used the properties of his sons for food. He (the Imam) replied, ‘No, unless he is compelled by pressing needs, in which case he spends in a fair manner but it is not proper for the sons to spend the properties of their father without the permission of the father.’”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِرَجُلٍ أَنْتَ وَ مَالُكَ لِأَبِيكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ مَا أُحِبُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ مَالِ ابْنِهِ إِلَّا مَا احْتَاجَ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّا لَا بُدَّ مِنْهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ لا يُحِبُّ الْفَسادَ.

‘You and your property belong to your father.’ Abu Ja’far (a.s.), then said, ‘I do not like his spending from the property of his son more than what he needs for his bare necessities; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, does not love destruction.’”

فَلْيَأْخُذْ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ أُمُّهُ حَيَّةً فَمَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً إِلَّا قَرْضاً عَلَى نَفْسِهَا.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man whose son owned a certain amount of wealth and liked to take something from it. He (the Imam) replied, ‘He has permission to do so; however, were his mother alive I would not like her taking anything from his property except as a loan on her own

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى مَالِ ابْنِهِ قَالَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ مَا شَاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سَرَفٍ وَ قَالَ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع إِنَّ الْوَلَدَ لَا يَأْخُذُ مِنْ مَالِ وَالِدِهِ شَيْئاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ الْوَالِدَ يَأْخُذُ مِنْ مَالِ ابْنِهِ مَا شَاءَ وَ لَهُ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَى جَارِيَةِ ابْنِهِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنِ الِابْنُ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا وَ ذَكَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ أَنْتَ وَ مَالُكَ

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about a man who needed to spend from the property of his son. He (the Imam) replied, ‘He has permission to use the property of his son for food as much as he wants but without excess.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is in the book of Ali (a.s.), that a son does not have permission to spend fro

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا يَحِلُّ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ مَالِ وَلَدِهِ قَالَ قُوتُهُ بِغَيْرِ سَرَفٍ إِذَا اضْطُرَّ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لِلرَّجُلِ الَّذِي أَتَاهُ فَقَدَّمَ أَبَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ وَ مَالُكَ لِأَبِيكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا جَاءَ بِأَبِيهِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا أَبِي وَ قَدْ ظَلَمَنِي مِيرَاثِي مِنْ أُمِّي فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْأَبُ أَنَّ

He (the Imam) replied, ‘He can take for his basic necessities without excess when pressing needs compel him.’ I (the narrator) then asked about the words of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, to a man who came to him and had brought his

لَا بَأْسَ بِلُقَطَةِ الْعَصَا وَ الشِّظَاظِ وَ الْوَتِدِ وَ الْحَبْلِ وَ الْعِقَالِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهِ‌[5] قَالَ وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ لَيْسَ لِهَذَا طَالِبٌ‌[1].

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘There is no offense in picking up a stick, pieces of wood used in the saddle of camels, stage, ropes, and harnesses and similar items. He (the Imam) then said, ‘Abu Ja’far, ‘

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ آكِلُ الرِّبَا وَ مُؤْكِلُهُ وَ كَاتِبُهُ وَ شَاهِدُهُ فِيهِ سَوَاءٌ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asim ibn Hamid from m h ibn Qays, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One who consumes Riba’, one who feeds Riba ’ and one who documents it, are all the same

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ كُلُّ رِبًا أَكَلَهُ النَّاسُ بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ تَابُوا فَإِنَّهُ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُمْ إِذَا عُرِفَ مِنْهُمُ التَّوْبَةُ وَ قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا وَرِثَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ مَالًا وَ قَدْ عَرَفَ أَنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَالِ رِبًا وَ لَكِنْ قَدِ اخْتَلَطَ فِي التِّجَارَةِ بِغَيْرِهِ حَلَالٍ‌[2] كَانَ حَلَالًا طَيِّباً فَلْيَأْكُلْهُ وَ إِنْ عَرَفَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً[3] أَنَّهُ رِبًا فَلْيَأْخُذْ رَأْسَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Any kind of Riba ’ people have consumed in ignorance then repented, such repentance is accepted if such repentance is found in them.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘If a man inherits goods, from his father and knows that there is Riba ’ in it but is mixed in trade with other lawful goods i

أَتَى رَجُلٌ أَبِي فَقَالَ إِنِّي وَرِثْتُ مَالًا وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُ الَّذِي وَرِثْتُهُ مِنْهُ قَدْ كَانَ يَرْبُو وَ قَدْ أَعْرِفُ أَنَّ فِيهِ رِبًا وَ أَسْتَيْقِنُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَيْسَ يَطِيبُ لِي حَلَالُهُ لِحَالِ عِلْمِي‌[5] فِيهِ وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ وَ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ فَقَالُوا لَا يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ بِأَنَّ فِيهِ مَالًا مَعْرُوفاً ر

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once a man came to my father and said, ‘I have inherited a certain amount of property and I knew the owner from whom I inherited received Raba’ and I know with certainty there is Riba’ in it and I do not feel happy to consume it because of my knowledge about it. I asked the scholar

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ لَيْسَ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَ وَلَدِهِ رِبًا وَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَ السَّيِّدِ وَ عَبْدِهِ رِبًا[2].

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘There is no Riba ’ between a man and his sons as well between a master and his slave.”’

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ حَرْبِنَا رِبًا نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ بِدِرْهَمٍ وَ نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَا نُعْطِيهِمْ.

2. Through the same chain of narrators as the previous one is the following Hadith: “The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘There is no Riba ’ between us and those in the state of war with us. We can receive a thousand dirham fro

لَيْسَ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَ وَلَدِهِ وَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ عَبْدِهِ وَ لَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِهِ رِبًا إِنَّمَا الرِّبَا فِيمَا بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ مَا لَا تَمْلِكُ قُلْتُ فَالْمُشْرِكُونَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُمْ رِبًا قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُمْ مَمَالِيكُ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ تَمْلِكُهُمْ إِنَّمَا تَمْلِكُهُمْ مَعَ غَيْرِكَ أَنْتَ وَ غَيْرُكَ فِيهِمْ سَوَاءٌ فَالَّذِي بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهُمْ لَيْسَ مِنْ ذَلِ

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘ Riba ’ does not apply in the case of a man and his sons, his slave and his wife. Riba ’ applies when you do not own certain goods.’ I then asked, ‘Does it apply between me and the pagans?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, it applies.’ I said, ‘They are slaves.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You do no

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي قَدْ كَفَفْتُ عَنِ التِّجَارَةِ وَ أَمْسَكْتُ عَنْهَا قَالَ وَ لِمَ ذَلِكَ أَ عَجْزٌ بِكَ كَذَلِكَ تَذْهَبُ أَمْوَالُكُمْ لَا تَكُفُّوا عَنِ التِّجَارَةِ وَ الْتَمِسُوا مِنْ فَضْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

11. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn’ Udhaynah from Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I have quit doing business and have withdrawn thereof.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Why is that, are you helpless? This is how your

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَنْ بَاعَ وَ اشْتَرَى فَلْيَحْفَظْ خَمْسَ خِصَالٍ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا يَشْتَرِيَنَّ وَ لَا يَبِيعَنَّ الرِّبَا وَ الْحَلْفَ وَ كِتْمَانَ الْعَيْبِ وَ الْحَمْدَ إِذَا بَاعَ وَ الذَّمَّ إِذَا اشْتَرَى.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘One who buys and sells must not

كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِالْكُوفَةِ عِنْدَكُمْ يَغْتَدِي كُلَّ يَوْمٍ بُكْرَةً مِنَ الْقَصْرِ فَيَطُوفُ فِي أَسْوَاقِ الْكُوفَةِ سُوقاً سُوقاً وَ مَعَهُ الدِّرَّةُ عَلَى عَاتِقِهِ وَ كَانَ لَهَا طَرَفَانِ وَ كَانَتْ تُسَمَّى السَّبِيبَةَ[1] فَيَقِفُ عَلَى أَهْلِ كُلِّ سُوقٍ فَيُنَادِي يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِذَا سَمِعُوا صَوْتَهُ ع أَلْقَوْا مَا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَ أَرْعَوْا

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ahmad ibn Muhammad from and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn Mahbub from ‘Amr ibn abu al-Miqdam from Jabir, who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, lived among y

إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ دَابَّةً[3] فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَظِيمَةَ الْبَرَكَةِ فَاضِلَةَ الْمَنْفَعَةِ مَيْمُونَةَ النَّاصِيَةِ فَيَسِّرْ لِي شِرَاهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَاصْرِفْنِي عَنْهَا إِلَى الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ لِي مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ وَ لَا أَعْلَمُ وَ تَقْدِرُ وَ لَا أَقْدِرُ وَ أَنْتَ عَلَّامُ الْغُيُوبِ* تَقُولُ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you decide to buy an animal, say this, “O Allah, if this is of great blessings, extra benefits and of a fortunate nature, I pray to You to make its purchasin

مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ص فِي سُوقِ الْمَدِينَةِ بِطَعَامٍ فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ مَا أَرَى طَعَامَكَ إِلَّا طَيِّباً وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ سِعْرِهِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَدُسَّ يَدَيْهِ فِي الطَّعَامِ‌[2] فَفَعَلَ فَأَخْرَجَ طَعَاماً رَدِيّاً فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ مَا أَرَاكَ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ جَمَعْتَ خِيَانَةً وَ غِشّاً لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ‌[3].

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ibn Mahbub from abu Jamilah from Sa‘d al-Iskaf who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Once, in the market place of al-Madinah, the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to

قَالَ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ بَيْعاً فَهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ حَتَّى يَفْتَرِقَا فَإِذَا افْتَرَقَا وَجَبَ‌ الْبَيْعُ قَالَ وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ أَبِي اشْتَرَى أَرْضاً يُقَالُ لَهَا الْعُرَيْضُ فَابْتَاعَهَا مِنْ صَاحِبِهَا بِدَنَانِيرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أُعْطِيكَ وَرِقاً بِكُلِّ دِينَارٍ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ فَبَاعَهُ بِهَا فَقَامَ أَبِي فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَتِ لِمَ قُمْتَ سَرِيعاً قَا

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man buys something from another man, he has the choice to dismiss the deal before they depart each other. When they depart the deal becomes binding.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘My father once purchased a piece of land called “al-‘Arid”. He pu

إِنْ كَانَ فِي تِلْكَ الثَّلَاثَةِ الْأَيَّامِ يَشْرَبُ لَبَنَهَا رَدَّ مَعَهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَمْدَادٍ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا لَبَنٌ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ[2]. - عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مِثْلَهُ.

“This is about the case of a man who had purchased a sheep and had kept it for three days; then returned it, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If during those three days he had consumed its milk he returns it with three handful of food. If the sheep did not have any milk he then does not owe anything.”’ Ali ibn Ibrahim

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ سَنَتَيْنِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قُلْتُ فَالرُّطْبَةُ يَبِيعُهَا هَذِهِ الْجِزَّةَ وَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا جِزَّةً بَعْدَهَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَدْ كَانَ أَبِي يَبِيعُ الْحِنَّاءَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا خَرْطَةً[1].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about selling palm trees for two years. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’ I then asked if fresh dates can be sold in the form of one or several pickings fresh from the trees each time they ripen. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’ He (the Imam)

قُدِّمَ لِأَبِي ع مَتَاعٌ مِنْ مِصْرٍ فَصَنَعَ طَعَاماً وَ دَعَا لَهُ التُّجَّارَ فَقَالُوا إِنَّا نَأْخُذُهُ مِنْكَ بِدَهْ دَوَازْدَهْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَبِي وَ كَمْ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ قَالُوا فِي عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ أَلْفَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَبِي إِنِّي أَبِيعُكُمْ هَذَا الْمَتَاعَ بِاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفاً فَبَاعَهُمْ مُسَاوَمَةً.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once goods for my father came from Egypt. He (the Imam) prepared food and invited the merchants. They said, ‘We buy from you Be dah dawazdah. He (the Imam) a

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَجِيئُنِي يَطْلُبُ الْمَتَاعَ فَأُقَاوِلُهُ عَلَى الرِّبْحِ ثُمَّ أَشْتَرِيهِ فَأَبِيعُهُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا يُفْسِدُهُ قَالَ وَ لِمَ قُلْتُ بَاعَ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ قَالَ فَمَا يَقُولُ فِي السَّلَمِ قَدْ بَاعَ صَاحِبُهُ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ فَإِنّ

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘A man comes to me and asks for certain goods. I contract with him for a certain profit, then buy it to sell to him. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Does he have the choice to take or leave it?’ I replied, ‘Yes, he does.’ He (the Imam) said, Tt is lawful.’ I then said, ‘There are those amon

قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ع الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمَالُ قَدْ حَلَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ يَبِيعُهُ لُؤْلُؤَةً تَسْوَى مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ يُؤَخِّرُ عَنْهُ الْمَالَ إِلَى وَقْتٍ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قَدْ أَمَرَنِي أَبِي فَفَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ وَ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.

“I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a man to whom someone owes a certain amount of goods and payback time becomes due. His party sells to him a pearl worth a hundred dirham for a thousand dirham and extends the payback time to another appointed time. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful. My father comma

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيٌّ ع فِي رَجُلٍ أَمَرَهُ نَفَرٌ لِيَبْتَاعَ لَهُمْ بَعِيراً بِنَقْدٍ وَ يَزِيدُونَهُ فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ نَظِرَةً فَابْتَاعَ لَهُمْ بَعِيراً وَ مَعَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ فَمَنَعَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمْ فَوْقَ وَرِقِهِ نَظِرَةً.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asim ibn Hamid from Muhammad ibn Qays who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), in the case of a man who was ordered by certain persons to ask to sell to them a camel and they had agreed to pay m

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ أَوْلَاداً صِغَاراً وَ تَرَكَ مَمَالِيكَ غِلْمَاناً وَ جَوَارِيَ وَ لَمْ يُوصِ فَمَا تَرَى فِيمَنْ يَشْتَرِي مِنْهُمُ الْجَارِيَةَ يَتَّخِذُهَا أُمَّ وَلَدٍ وَ مَا تَرَى فِي بَيْعِهِمْ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُمْ وَلِيٌّ يَقُومُ بِأَمْرِهِمْ‌[1] بَاعَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ نَظَرَ لَهُمْ وَ كَانَ مَأْجُوراً فِيهِمْ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَ

“I once asked abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), about the case of a man who is of my relatives who has left behind small children, slave-boys and slave-girls, and has not made any will. ‘What do you say about one who buys from them a slave-girl for a mother of one’s child and what do you say about selling them?’ He (the Imam

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص فِي وَلِيدَةٍ بَاعَهَا ابْنُ سَيِّدِهَا وَ أَبُوهُ غَائِبٌ فَاسْتَوْلَدَهَا الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا فَوَلَدَتْ مِنْهُ غُلَاماً ثُمَّ جَاءَ سَيِّدُهَا الْأَوَّلُ فَخَاصَمَ سَيِّدَهَا الْآخَرَ فَقَالَ وَلِيدَتِي بَاعَهَا ابْنِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي فَقَالَ الْحُكْمُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ وَلِيدَتَهُ وَ ابْنَهَا فَنَاشَدَهُ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ خُذِ ابْنَهُ الَّذِي بَاعَكَ الْوَلِيدَةَ حَتَّى

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), issued a judgment in the case of a slave-girl who is the mother of a child who is sold by the son of her master in the absence of his father. The buyer made her to become pregnant and a boy was born. Then her first master came and disputed the second master, s

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِسَبْيٍ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغُوا الْجُحْفَةَ نَفِدَتْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ فَبَاعُوا جَارِيَةً مِنَ السَّبْيِ كَانَتْ أُمُّهَا مَعَهُمْ فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص سَمِعَ بُكَاءَهَا فَقَالَ مَا هَذِهِ الْبُكَاءُ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ احْتَجْنَا إِلَى نَفَقَةٍ فَبِعْنَا ابْنَتَهَا فَبَعَثَ بِثَمَنِهَا فَأُتِيَ بِهَا وَ قَالَ بِيعُوهُم

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Once captives were brought to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, from Yemen. When they arrived at al-Juhfah, their supplies depleted and they sold one girl from the captives whose mother was with

فَذَهَبَ لِتَقُومَ فِي بَعْضِ الْحَاجَةِ فَقَالَتْ يَا أُمَّاهْ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ لَكِ أُمٌّ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا فَرُدَّتْ فَقَالَ مَا آمَنْتُ لَوْ حَبَسْتُهَا أَنْ أَرَى فِي وُلْدِي مَا أَكْرَهُ.

“I once bought a slave-girl from al-Kufah for abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He then went so she can do a certain task. She said, ‘O mother!’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked, ‘Do you have a mother?’ She replied, ‘Yes, I have a mother.’ He (the Imam) commanded to return her and said, ‘On keeping her I did not feel safe from seeing

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْجَارِيَةُ الصَّغِيرَةُ يَشْتَرِيهَا الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ قَدِ اسْتَغْنَتْ عَنْ أَبَوَيْهَا فَلَا بَأْسَ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if one can buy a small slave-girl. He (the Imam) said, ‘If she is independent of her parents, it is not unlawful.’”

فِي الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الْغُلَامَ أَوِ الْجَارِيَةَ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ أَوْ أُخْتٌ أَوْ أَبٌ أَوْ أُمٌّ بِمِصْرٍ مِنَ الْأَمْصَارِ قَالَ لَا يُخْرِجْهُ إِلَى مِصْرٍ آخَرَ إِنْ كَانَ صَغِيراً وَ لَا يَشْتَرِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أُمٌّ فَطَابَتْ نَفْسُهَا وَ نَفْسُهُ فَاشْتَرِهِ إِنْ شِئْتَ.

“Regarding a man who buys a slave-girl or a slave boy who has a brother or sister, or a father or mother in a city of the cities, he must not take such slave out of that city to another city if the slave is a minor, and must not buy such slaves but if the slave has a mother who agrees as well as the slave, then you can

أَنَّ أَبَاهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَرَى بَأْساً بِالسَّلَمِ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that his father would not consider advance payment to buy an animal unlawful for a clearly known merchandise and time.”

الْمَنْبُوذُ حُرٌّ فَإِذَا كَبِرَ فَإِنْ شَاءَ تَوَلَّى إِلَى الَّذِي الْتَقَطَهُ وَ إِلَّا فَلْيَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ النَّفَقَةَ وَ لْيَذْهَبْ فَلْيُوَالِ مَنْ شَاءَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah has narrated from his father (a.s.), who has said, ‘A discarded child is free. When he grows up, he can accept the one who picked him up as his guardian; otherwise, he must pay back what he has spent for him and he then can go to find a guardian of his choice.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنْ عِظَامِ الْفِيلِ يَحِلُّ بَيْعُهُ أَوْ شِرَاؤُهُ الَّذِي يُجْعَلُ مِنْهُ الْأَمْشَاطُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قَدْ كَانَ لِأَبِي مِنْهُ مُشْطٌ أَوْ أَمْشَاطٌ.

‘It is not unlawful. My father (a.s.), had such a comb or combs.”’

إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: فِي الْأَرْضِ الْبُورِ[2] يَرْتَهِنُهَا الرَّجُلُ لَيْسَ فِيهَا ثَمَرَةٌ فَزَرَعَهَا وَ أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهَا مَالَهُ إِنَّهُ يَحْتَسِبُ لَهُ نَفَقَتَهُ وَ عَمَلَهُ خَالِصاً ثُمَّ يَنْظُرُ نَصِيبَ الْأَرْضِ فَيَحْسُبُهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ الَّذِي ارْتَهَنَ بِهِ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَ مَالَهُ فَإِذَا اسْتَوْفَى مَالَهُ فَلْيَدْفَعِ الْأَرْضَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهَا.

14. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asim ibn Humayd from Muhammad ibn al-Qays who has said the following: Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘If one holds a piece of barren land as al-Rahn (security deposit) which has no fruits and he farms it and incurs

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ مُضَارَبَةً فَاشْتَرَى أَبَاهُ وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَقَالَ يُقَوَّمُ فَإِذَا زَادَ دِرْهَماً وَاحِداً أُعْتِقَ وَ اسْتُسْعِيَ فِي مَالِ الرَّجُلِ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who gave one thousand dirham to another man for Mudarabah (profit sharing) and he bought his father without knowing. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is appraised, even if a single dirham remains extra (as profit), he is free while it has spr

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ وَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يُضَمِّنُ الْقَصَّارَ وَ الصَّائِغَ احْتِيَاطاً لِلنَّاسِ وَ كَانَ أَبِي يَتَطَوَّلُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَأْمُوناً[1].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, would hold a cleaner liable as well as a dyer as precautionary measures to protect the interests of the people but my father would deal with them more graciously if they were trusted ones.’”

سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الْقَصَّارِ وَ الصَّائِغِ أَ يُضَمَّنُونَ قَالَ لَا يُصْلِحُ النَّاسَ إِلَّا أَنْ يُضَمَّنُوا قَالَ وَ كَانَ يُونُسُ يَعْمَلُ بِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُ.

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma’il ibn Marrar from Yunus who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a cleaner man and a jeweler if they were liable. He (the Imam) said, ‘People do not behave well unless they are held liable.’ Yunus would act accordingly and