Forgiveness

مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ يُغَسِّلُ مُؤْمِناً وَ يَقُولُ وَ هُوَ يُغَسِّلُهُ رَبِّ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ إِلَّا عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Any believing person who when washing the dead body of a believing person says, “O Allah grant him forgiveness,” Allah then grants forgiveness to him also.’”

يَنْبَغِي لِأَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَيِّتِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يُؤْذِنُوا إِخْوَانَ الْمَيِّتِ بِمَوْتِهِ فَيَشْهَدُونَ جَنَازَتَهُ وَ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لَهُ فَيُكْتَبُ لَهُمُ الْأَجْرُ وَ يُكْتَبُ‌[3] لِلْمَيِّتِ الِاسْتِغْفَارُ وَ يَكْتَسِبُ هُوَ الْأَجْرَ فِيهِمْ وَ فِيمَا اكْتَسَبَ لِمَيِّتِهِمْ مِنَ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The guardians of a deceased should inform the brothers (in belief) of the deceased about his death so they may attend his funeral services, perform prayer and appeal on his behalf for forgiveness (from Allah). Thus, a reward for them is written down as well as forgiveness. Also the pe

إِذَا أُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنُ قَبْرَهُ نُودِيَ أَلَا إِنَّ أَوَّلَ حِبَائِكَ الْجَنَّةُ وَ حِبَاءَ مَنْ تَبِعَكَ الْمَغْفِرَةُ.[2]

“Abu la’ far (a.s.), has said, ‘When a believing person is placed in the grave, it is announced then: “Paradise is the first gift for you and forgiveness for those who have escorted you.’””

مَنْ شَيَّعَ جَنَازَةَ مُؤْمِنٍ حَتَّى يُدْفَنَ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ سَبْعِينَ مَلَكاً مِنَ الْمُشَيِّعِينَ يُشَيِّعُونَهُ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لَهُ إِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْ قَبْرِهِ إِلَى الْمَوْقِفِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this Hadith. ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, for one’s escorting the dead body of a believing person until it (the dead body) is buried, assigns seventy thousand angels of the escorting ones to escort him (escorting person) and ask forgiveness for him from the time he is

أَوَّلُ مَا يُتْحَفُ بِهِ الْمُؤْمِنُ يُغْفَرُ لِمَنْ تَبِعَ جَنَازَتَهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the first gift for a deceased believing person is forgiveness for those who escort him to his grave.”

مَنْ حَمَلَ جَنَازَةً مِنْ أَرْبَعِ جَوَانِبِهَا غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ أَرْبَعِينَ كَبِيرَةً.

‘If one lifts up (the coffin of) a deceased person from all of its four corners (at different times), Allah forgives his forty major sins.”

مَنْ أَخَذَ بِقَائِمَةِ السَّرِيرِ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ كَبِيرَةً وَ إِذَا رَبَّعَ خَرَجَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that if one holds the corner of the coffin, Allah forgives his twenty- five major sins; and if he lifts up all four corners (at different times) he comes out of all sins.”

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ أَخَذَ بِجَوَانِبِ السَّرِيرِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ أَرْبَعِينَ كَبِيرَةً.

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘If one lifts up all four corners of the coffin Allah forgives his forty major sins.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ‌[3] عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَقَالَ تُكَبِّرُ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ تَقُولُ أَوَّلَ مَا تُكَبِّرُ- أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلَى الْأَئِمَّةِ الْهُدَاةِ وَ اغْفِرْ لَنا وَ لِإِخْوانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونا بِالْإِيمانِ وَ لا تَجْعَلْ فِي قُلُوبِنا غِلًّا ل

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn ’Uramah from Zur‘ah, from Muhammad ibn Sanaa ‘ah in a Muzmar manner has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about Salah (prayer) for a deceased. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must say five Takbir (Allah is great bey

تُكَبِّرُ ثُمَّ تُصَلِّي عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص ثُمَّ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ لَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنِّي اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ تَقَبَّلْ مِنْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ وَ ارْحَمْهُ وَ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ اجْعَلْهُ مِنْ رُفَقَاءِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّانِيَةَ وَ تَقُولُ- ا

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘In Salah (prayer) for a deceased say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description), then say, “O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause,” then say, “O Lord, this is Your servant the son of Your male and a female servant. I do not know

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَقَالَ خَمْسٌ تَقُولُ فِي أُولَيهُنَّ- أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ثُمَّ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَذَا الْمُسَجَّى قُدَّامَنَا عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَ قَدْ قَبَضْتَ رُوحَهُ إِلَيْكَ وَ قَدِ احْتَاجَ إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ وَ أَنْتَ غَنِيٌّ عَنْ عَذَابِهِ اللَّهُم

“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about Takbir over a deceased person. He (the Imam) said, ‘There are five Takbir. In the first one say, “I testify that only Allah deserves worship, He is one and has no partners and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah, I pray to You to grant compensation to

تُكَبِّرُ ثُمَّ تَشَهَّدُ ثُمَّ تَقُولُ‌ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ‌- ... الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ* رَبِّ الْمَوْتِ وَ الْحَيَاةِ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ جَزَى اللَّهُ عَنَّا- مُحَمَّداً خَيْرَ الْجَزَاءِ بِمَا صَنَعَ بِأُمَّتِهِ وَ بِمَا بَلَّغَ مِنْ رِسَالاتِ رَبِّهِ ثُمَّ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ نَاصِيَتُهُ بِيَدِكَ خَلَا مِنَ الدُّنْي

Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘In Salah (prayer) for a deceased say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) and the testimony and say, “We are from Allah and to Allah we return. All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds, Lord of death and life. O Allah, I pray to You to grant compensation to Muhammad and hi

الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمُسْتَضْعَفِ وَ الَّذِي لَا يَعْرِفُ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى‌ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ الدُّعَاءُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ تَقُولُ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ‌[1] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَتَيْنِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has stated this Hadith: ‘There are people of weak understanding who do not understand prayer for the Holy prophet, and for the believing people -

إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ فَادْعُ لَهُ وَ اجْتَهِدْ لَهُ فِي الدُّعَاءِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ وَاقِفاً مُسْتَضْعَفاً فَكَبِّرْ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ‌.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘When you perform Salah (prayer) for a believing person, pray for him and strive in your appeal in favor of the deceased person. If he is of those who keep matters on hold (of waqifiy belief) or of weak understanding say, ‘Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) and, O Lord, forgive tho

إِنْ كَانَ مُسْتَضْعَفاً فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ‌ وَ إِذَا كُنْتَ لَا تَدْرِي مَا حَالُهُ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ يُحِبُّ الْخَيْرَ وَ أَهْلَهُ فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ وَ ارْحَمْهُ وَ تَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفُ مِنْكَ بِسَبِيلٍ‌[2] فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِ الشَّفَاعَةِ لَا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْوَلَايَةِ[3].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If the deceased is a person of weak understanding, say, “O Lord, forgive those who have repented and followed Your path and protect them against suffering of the hell fire.” If you do not know the condition of the deceased, then say, “O Lord, if this deceased is of those who

تَقُولُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ‌ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِكَ وَ رَسُولِكَ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ تَقَبَّلْ شَفَاعَتَهُ وَ بَيِّضْ وَجْهَهُ وَ أَكْثِرْ تَبَعَهُ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَ ارْحَمْنِي وَ تُبْ عَلَيَّ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ‌ فَإِنْ كَانَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said to say this, ‘(I testify that only Allah deserves worship, He is one and has no partners and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger). O Allah, I pray to You to grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. O Lord, accept hi

إِذَا أَتَيْتَ بِالْمَيِّتِ الْقَبْرَ فَسُلَّهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَ قُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص اللَّهُمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ ص وَ قُلْ كَمَا قُلْتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً مِنْ عِنْدِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ إِنْ كَ

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that you should place a deceased, after his arrival near the grave, in it from the side where you intend to place his feet. When the deceased is placed in the grave, read Ayatu al-Kursiy and say, ’(I begin) in the name of Allah, in the way of Allah and on the path of the Messenger of Al

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا أَقُولُ إِذَا أَدْخَلْتُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَّا قَبْرَهُ قَالَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ هَذَا عَبْدُكَ فُلَانٌ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ وَ قَدِ احْتَاجَ إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَ لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِسَرِيرَتِهِ وَ نَحْنُ الشُّهَدَاءُ بِعَلَانِيَتِهِ اللَّهُمَّ فَجَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَ لَقِّنْهُ حُجَّتَ

8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Sanaa ‘ah who has said the following: “I asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘What should we say when placing a deceased from us in the grave?’ He said to say, ‘O Allah,

مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يُصَابُ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَيَسْتَرْجِعُ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِهِ الْمُصِيبَةَ وَ يَصْبِرُ حِينَ تَفْجَأُهُ إِلَّا غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَ كُلَّمَا ذَكَرَ مُصِيبَتَهُ فَاسْتَرْجَعَ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِ الْمُصِيبَةِ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ كُلَّ ذَنْبٍ اكْتَسَبَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا[3].

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from Ma’ruf ibn Kharrabuz who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Whoever of the servants (of Allah) after suffering a misfortune, upon recalling any of his suffering and sorrow, acknowledges it and exercise

إِذَا حَضَرَ الْمَيِّتَ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا فَقَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ قَبِلْتُ شَهَادَتَكُمْ وَ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ مَا عَلِمْتُ مِمَّا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ.

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that if forty people take part in the funeral of a person and say the following: ‘O Allah, we do not know anything about him. All we know is good deeds,’ Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, will say, ‘I accept your testimony and forgive him for things that he did but you had no

كُنْتُ صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ[2] فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَانُ الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ الْمَفْرُوضَاتُ مَنْ أَقَامَ حُدُودَهُنَّ وَ حَافَظَ عَلَى مَوَاقِيتِهِنَّ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ لَهُ عِنْدَهُ عَهْدٌ يُدْخِلُهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يُقِمْ حُدُودَهُنَّ وَ لَمْ يُحَافِظْ عَلَى مَوَاقِيتِهِنَّ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَ لَا عَهْدَ لَهُ إِنْ

“Once I performed Salah (prayer) with Abi 'Abdillah (al-Sadiq) (as) in Muzdalifah (a place in Makkah). When he completed his Salah, he turned to me and said, ‘O Aban, the five daily prayers are obligatory. Those who observe their duties regarding them, and are careful of their timings, will meet Allah on the day of Jud

صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْمَغْرِبَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ أَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ وَ صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ لَمْ يَرْكَعْ بَيْنَهُمَا[3] ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِسَنَةٍ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَتَنَفَّلَ بِأَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَانُ هَذِهِ الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ الْمَفْرُوضَاتُ- مَنْ

I prayed with Abā ʿAbdillah al-Sadiq (as) the Maghrib prayer at al-Muzdalifah. When he finished, he established the prayer and prayed the last night prayer without offering a unit of prayer between them. Then I prayed with him after that for a year. He prayed Maghrib and then stood up and offered four units of prayer.

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ الْمُؤَذِّنُ يُغْفَرُ لَهُ مَدَى صَوْتِهِ‌[3] وَ يَشْهَدُ لَهُ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ سَمِعَهُ.

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘One who recites Adhan receives forgiveness for the sins as big as the space his voice fills and everything hearing him bears witness to this fact.’” (Ahadith 9-28 are best expressed in the form of fatwa.)

كَانَ طُولُ حَائِطِ مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَامَةً فَكَانَ يَقُولُ ص لِبِلَالٍ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْوَقْتُ يَا بِلَالُ اعْلُ فَوْقَ الْجِدَارِ وَ ارْفَعْ صَوْتَكَ بِالْأَذَانِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ وَكَّلَ بِالْأَذَانِ رِيحاً تَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ إِذَا سَمِعُوا الْأَذَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ قَالُوا هَذِهِ أَصْوَاتُ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص بِتَوْحِيدِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُو

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the height of the wall of the Masjid of the Messenger of Allah was equal to the height of a man. He, the Messenger of Allah would say to Bilal, ‘When time comes, O Bilal, climb on the wall and raise your voice with Adhan. Allah has assigned a wind to raise Adhan to the heaven and t

أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِذَا قُمْتَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أُقَدِّمُ إِلَيْكَ مُحَمَّداً ص بَيْنَ يَدَيْ حَاجَتِي وَ أَتَوَجَّهُ بِهِ إِلَيْكَ فَاجْعَلْنِي بِهِ وَجِيهاً عِنْدَكَ‌ فِي الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ مِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ‌ اجْعَلْ صَلَاتِي بِهِ مَقْبُولَةً وَ ذَنْبِي بِهِ مَغْفُوراً وَ دُعَائِي بِهِ مُسْتَجَاباً إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ.

3. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by his father from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah from Aban and Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you stand up for Salah (prayer), say this: ‘O Allah, I consider Muhammad, O Allah grant com

إِذَا افْتَتَحْتَ الصَّلَاةَ فَارْفَعْ كَفَّيْكَ ثُمَّ ابْسُطْهُمَا بَسْطاً ثُمَّ كَبِّرْ ثَلَاثَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ ثُمَّ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ الْمَلِكُ الْحَقُّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ سُبْحَانَكَ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي ذَنْبِي إِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ تَكْبِيرَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قُلْ لَبَّيْكَ وَ سَعْدَيْكَ وَ الْخَيْرُ فِي يَدَيْكَ وَ الشَّرُّ لَيْسَ إِلَيْكَ وَ الْمَهْد

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that as introduction for prayer raise your hands and open them, then say three times, ‘Allah is great and then say, ‘O Lord, You are the true owner. No one other than You deserves to be worshipped. You are free of all defects. I have wronged myself so forgive my sins; no one other than

قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَوْماً يَا حَمَّادُ تُحْسِنُ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ يَا سَيِّدِي أَنَا أَحْفَظُ كِتَابَ حَرِيزٍ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ لَا عَلَيْكَ يَا حَمَّادُ[1] قُمْ فَصَلِّ قَالَ فَقُمْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مُتَوَجِّهاً إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَاسْتَفْتَحْتُ الصَّلَاةَ فَرَكَعْتُ وَ سَجَدْتُ فَقَالَ يَا حَمَّادُ لَا تُحْسِنُ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ مَا أَقْبَحَ بِالرَّجُلِ مِنْكُمْ يَأْتِي عَلَيْهِ سِتُّو

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), one day asked me, ‘Do you know how to perform Salah (prayer) properly?’ I said, ‘I keep the book of Hariz with me in Salah (prayer).’ The Imam said, ‘Nevermind, O Hammad. Stand up and perform Salah (prayer).’ The narrator has said, ‘I then stood up in his presence, facing the direction of Qiblah

إِذَا سَجَدْتَ فَكَبِّرْ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ سَجَدْتُ وَ بِكَ آمَنْتُ وَ لَكَ أَسْلَمْتُ وَ عَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَ أَنْتَ رَبِّي سَجَدَ وَجْهِي لِلَّذِي خَلَقَهُ وَ شَقَّ سَمْعَهُ وَ بَصَرَهُ‌ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ* تَبَارَكَ‌ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنُ الْخالِقِينَ‌ ثُمَّ قُلْ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَى وَ بِحَمْدِهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَإِذَا رَفَعْتَ رَأْسَكَ فَقُلْ بَيْنَ السَّجْدَتَيْنِ- اللَّهُمَّ اغْ

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when you bow down for sajdah say, ‘Allah is great. then say, ‘ 0 Lord, I have bowed down to prostrate before You, I believe in You, submitted myself to You, have appealed to You to be my attorney and You are my Lord. My face has prostrated before the One who has created it, who has

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ وَ هُوَ سَاجِدٌ- أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ حَبِيبِكَ مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَّا بَدَّلْتَ سَيِّئَاتِي حَسَنَاتٍ وَ حَاسَبْتَنِي حِسَاباً يَسِيراً ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ- أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ حَبِيبِكَ مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَّا كَفَيْتَنِي مَئُونَةَ الدُّنْيَا وَ كُلَّ هَوْلٍ دُونَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ قَالَ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ- أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ حَبِيبِكَ مُحَمَّدٍ لَمَّا غَفَرْتَ لِيَ الْكَثِيرَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ و

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from, abu Ja‘far al-Ahwal from abu ‘Ubaydah al-Hadhdha’ who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say when prostrating, ‘(O Lord,) I plead before You through the right of Muhammad, Yo

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ الرَّاحَةَ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَ الْعَفْوَ عِنْدَ الْحِسَابِ يُرَدِّدُهَا.

“I heard abu al-Hassan Musa (a.s.), say, ‘O Lord, I pray to You to grant me comfort at the time of death and forgiveness at the time of issuing judgments repeatedly.”

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فَقَامَ يَتَنَفَّلُ فَاسْتَيْقَظَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَضَرَبَتْ بِيَدِهَا فَلَمْ تَجِدْهُ فَظَنَّتْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ قَامَ إِلَى جَارِيَتِهَا فَقَامَتْ تَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِ فَوَطِئَتْ عُنُقَهُ ص وَ هُوَ سَاجِدٌ بَاكٍ يَقُولُ سَجَدَ لَكَ سَوَادِي وَ خَيَالِي وَ آمَنَ بِكَ فُؤَادِي أَبُوءُ إِلَيْكَ بِالنِّعَمِ وَ أَعْتَرِفُ لَكَ بِالذَّنْبِ الْعَظِيمِ عَمِلْتُ سُوءاً وَ ظَلَمْتُ

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Once, the Holy Prophet, when he was with ‘A’ishah, during the night decided to perform optional Salah (prayer). ‘A’ishah woke up and searched around for him with her hand but did not find him. She thought he might have gone to her slave girl. She got up searching around and stepped on his

كَانَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلُ ع إِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنْ آخِرِ رَكْعَةِ الْوَتْرِ قَالَ هَذَا مَقَامُ مَنْ حَسَنَاتُهُ نِعْمَةٌ مِنْكَ وَ شُكْرُهُ ضَعِيفٌ وَ ذَنْبُهُ عَظِيمٌ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا دَفْعُكَ وَ رَحْمَتُكَ فَإِنَّكَ قُلْتَ فِي كِتَابِكَ الْمُنْزَلِ عَلَى نَبِيِّكَ الْمُرْسَلِ ص‌ كانُوا قَلِيلًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ما يَهْجَعُونَ. وَ بِالْأَسْحارِ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ‌[1] طَالَ هُجُوعِي وَ قَلَّ قِيَامِي

16. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl from Ahmad ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz who has said that narrated to him certain persons of our people saying: “When abu al-Hassan the first (a.s.), raised his head from last sajdah of witr prayer he said, ‘This is a position of one whose good deeds are due to Your bounties and whose t

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي سَجْدَةِ الشُّكْرِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ شُكْراً شُكْراً وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ عَفْواً عَفْواً.

‘It is one hundred times ‘Shukran’ (O Lord, I thank You), or if you like, say “Afwan’ (O Lord, I beg forgiveness from You) one hundred times.’”

خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع إِلَى بَعْضِ أَمْوَالِهِ فَقَامَ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ خَرَّ لِلَّهِ سَاجِداً فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ بِصَوْتٍ حَزِينٍ وَ تَغَرْغَرُ دُمُوعُهُ‌[1]- رَبِّ عَصَيْتُكَ بِلِسَانِي وَ لَوْ شِئْتَ وَ عِزَّتِكَ لَأَخْرَسْتَنِي وَ عَصَيْتُكَ بِبَصَرِي وَ لَوْ شِئْتَ وَ عِزَّتِكَ لَأَكْمَهْتَنِي وَ عَصَيْتُكَ بِسَمْعِي وَ لَوْ شِئْتَ وَ عِزَّتِكَ لَأَصْمَمْتَ

“Once I accompanied abu al-Hassan, Musa ibn Ja‘far, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, to see some of his properties. He readied himself for noontime Salah (prayer). When he finished he bowed down to prostrate before Allah. I heard him saying with a sad voice and tears causing an unevenness of sound in his throat, ‘O Lord, I have diso

كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي سُجُودِهِ- سَجَدَ وَجْهِيَ الْبَالِي لِوَجْهِكَ الْبَاقِي الدَّائِمِ الْعَظِيمِ سَجَدَ وَجْهِيَ الذَّلِيلُ لِوَجْهِكَ الْعَزِيزِ سَجَدَ وَجْهِيَ الْفَقِيرُ لِوَجْهِ رَبِّيَ الْغَنِيِّ الْكَرِيمِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ رَبِّ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ مِمَّا كَانَ وَ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ مِمَّا يَكُونُ رَبِّ لَا تُجْهِدْ بَلَائِي رَبِّ لَا تُشْمِتْ بِي أَعْدَائِي رَبِّ لَا تُسِئْ قَضَائِي رَبِّ إِنَّهُ لَا دَافِعَ وَ ل

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), in prostration would say the following: ‘(O Lord), my aging face has prostrated before Your ever remaining, eternal and great face. My submissive face has prostrated before Your majestic face. My poor face has prostrated before the self-sufficient, gracious, most High and great face of my Lord.

الْقُنُوتُ فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ الدُّعَاءُ وَ فِي الْوَتْرِ الِاسْتِغْفَارُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Al-Qunut in obligatory Salah (prayer) is pleading (before Allah) and in Witr it is to ask forgiveness (from Allah).’” (Ahadith 1-9 are best explained in the form of fatwa.)

يُجْزِئُكَ فِي الْقُنُوتِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَ ارْحَمْنَا وَ عَافِنَا وَ اعْفُ عَنَّا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ إِنَّكَ عَلى‌ كُلِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ قَدِيرٌ*.

12. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Sa‘d ibn abu Khalaf who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is sufficient for al-Qunut to say, “O Lord, forgive us, grant us mercy, good health and pardon us in this world and in the next life; You have power over all th

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مَنْ سَبَّحَ تَسْبِيحَ فَاطِمَةَ الزَّهْرَاءِ ع قَبْلَ أَنْ يَثْنِيَ رِجْلَيْهِ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْفَرِيضَةِ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ لْيَبْدَأْ بِالتَّكْبِيرِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who reads Tasbih of Fatimah al-Zahra’, ‘Alayha al- Salam, after an obligatory Salah (prayer) and before moving his legs away from his position Allah forgives him and he should begin with al-Takbir (Allahu Akbar).”’

مَنْ سَبَّحَ اللَّهَ فِي دُبُرِ الْفَرِيضَةِ تَسْبِيحَ فَاطِمَةَ الزَّهْرَاءِ ع الْمِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ وَ أَتْبَعَهَا بِلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one speaks of the glory of Allah after completing an obligatory Salah (prayer) in the form of Tasbih of Fatimah al-Zahra’, ‘Alayha al-Salam, one hundred times and following this says, “No one deserves to be worshipped except Allah,” Allah forgives him.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَرِيضِ لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ فَقَالَ كُلُّ مَا غَلَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَاللَّهُ أَوْلَى بِالْعُذْرِ.

“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of one who is ill and is not able to perform Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘One whom Allah has over powered, then Allah is the first to pardon.”’

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ فِي الْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ قَالَ مَا غَلَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ‌[2] فَاللَّهُ أَوْلَى بِالْعُذْرِ.

‘Whomever Allah overpowers, Allah is the first to pardon.’”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ يَنْبَغِي لِلْإِمَامِ الَّذِي يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ- يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ أَنْ يَلْبَسَ عِمَامَةً فِي الشِّتَاءِ وَ الصَّيْفِ وَ يَتَرَدَّى بِبُرْدٍ يَمَنِيٍّ أَوْ عَدَنِيٍّ وَ يَخْطُبَ وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ وَ يُثْنِي عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُوصِي بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَ يَقْرَأُ سُورَةً مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ صَغِيرَةً ثُمَّ يَجْلِسُ ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فَيَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ وَ يُثْنِي عَلَيْهِ وَ يُصَلِّي

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is desirable for the Imam who delivers sermons for the people on Friday to wear turban in winter and a Yamaniy or ‘Adaniy gown. He must deliver the sermon in a standing position. In it he praises Allah and speaks of His glory, then advises people to observe piety (taqwa’) before Al

تَقُولُ فِي آخِرِ سَجْدَةٍ مِنَ النَّوَافِلِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِوَجْهِكَ الْكَرِيمِ وَ اسْمِكَ الْعَظِيمِ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِي ذَنْبِيَ الْعَظِيمَ سَبْعاً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that on Friday night after optional Salah (prayer), after Maghrib (soon after sunset) Salah (prayer) one should say, ‘O Lord, I appeal to You through Your gracious face and great name. “Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family a compensation

إِذَا قُمْتَ بِاللَّيْلِ مِنْ مَنَامِكَ فَقُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي رَدَّ عَلَيَّ رُوحِي لِأَحْمَدَهُ وَ أَعْبُدَهُ فَإِذَا سَمِعْتَ صَوْتَ الدُّيُوكِ فَقُلْ سُبُّوحٌ قُدُّوسٌ رَبُّ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ الرُّوحِ سَبَقَتْ رَحْمَتُكَ غَضَبَكَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ وَحْدَكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ عَمِلْتُ سُوءاً وَ ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي‌ وَ ارْحَمْنِي إِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ فَإِذَا قُمْتَ

“Abu la’ far (a.s.), has said, ‘At the time you wake up, at night for prayer (Tahajjud) then say, “All praise belongs to Allah who has returned my spirit so I can praise and worship Him.” When you hear the rooster crow say, “He is free of all defects. He is most holy. He is the Lord of angels and the spirit. His mercy

لَا أَثْنِ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ صَلِّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنْبِكَ الْعَظِيمِ ثُمَّ قَالَ كُلُّ ذَنْبٍ عَظِيمٌ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about Qunut (supplication after recitation) in al-Witr: if there is a definite reading for it which is followed and recited. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, there is no definite reading for it. Praise Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and say, ‘O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and h

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ الْقُنُوتُ فِي الْوَتْرِ الِاسْتِغْفَارُ وَ فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ الدُّعَاءُ.

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Qunut (supplication after recitation) in al-Witr is asking for forgiveness and in obligatory Salah (prayer) it is to ask for your wishes.’”

اسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ فِي الْوَتْرِ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that in al-Witr, ask forgiveness from Allah seventy times.” (Ahadith 20-34 are best explained in the form of fatwa.)

سَأَلَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ عَلَيَّ نَوَافِلَ كَثِيرَةً فَكَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ‌ فَقَالَ اقْضِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّهَا أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ اقْضِهَا قُلْتُ لَا أُحْصِيهَا قَالَ تَوَخَ‌[1] قَالَ مُرَازِمٌ وَ كُنْتُ مَرِضْتُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ لَمْ أَتَنَفَّلْ فِيهَا قُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ وَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَرِضْتُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ لَمْ أُصَلِّ نَا

“’Isma’il ibn Jabir once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, there is a great deal of optional Salah (prayer) upon me. What should I do?’ He (the Imam) said, ’Perform the compensatory prayer for them.’ He said, ‘They are of a great number.’ He (the Imam) said, ’Perform the compensato

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِجَعْفَرٍ يَا جَعْفَرُ أَ لَا أَمْنَحُكَ أَ لَا أُعْطِيكَ أَ لَا أَحْبُوكَ‌[4] فَقَالَ لَهُ جَعْفَرٌ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَظَنَّ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ يُعْطِيهِ ذَهَباً أَوْ فِضَّةً فَتَشَرَّفَ النَّاسُ‌[5] لِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنِّي أُعْطِيكَ شَيْئاً إِنْ أَنْتَ صَنَعْتَهُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ كَانَ خَيْراً لَكَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ مَا فِيهَا وَ إِنْ صَنَعْتَهُ بَيْنَ يَوْمَيْنِ غُفِرَ ل

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah once said to Ja‘far: ‘O Ja‘far, should I grant you and give an award to you or a gift?’ Ja‘far then said, ‘Yes, O Messenger of Allah, please do so.’ The narrator has said that people thought the Messenger of Allah might give him gold or silver. People remaine

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ صَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ بِمِائَتَيْ مَرَّةٍ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ خَمْسُونَ مَرَّةً لَمْ يَنْفَتِلْ وَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ ذَنْبٌ إِلَّا غُفِرَ لَهُ.

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ’One who performs, four Rak’at Salah (prayer) and reads two hundred times Chapter 112 of the Holy Quran, fifty times in each Rak’at, does not move away with any of his sins before Allah without being forgiven.”’