Kindness & Mercy

إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ وَ تَأْتِيَ أَهْلَكَ فَوَدِّعِ الْبَيْتَ وَ طُفْ بِالْبَيْتِ أُسْبُوعاً وَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَسْتَلِمَ الْحَجَرَ الْأَسْوَدَ وَ الرُّكْنَ الْيَمَانِيَّ فِي كُلِّ شَوْطٍ فَافْعَلْ وَ إِلَّا فَافْتَتِحْ بِهِ وَ اخْتِمْ بِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ ذَلِكَ فَمُوَسَّعٌ عَلَيْكَ ثُمَّ تَأْتِي الْمُسْتَجَارَ فَتَصْنَعُ عِنْدَهُ كَمَا صَنَعْتَ يَوْمَ‌ قَدِمْتَ مَكَّةَ وَ تَخَيَّر

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Isma‘il from af-Fadf ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya and ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you decide to leave Makkah to go home, say farewell to the House, perfor

إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَاغْتَسِلْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَدْخُلَهَا أَوْ حِينَ تَدْخُلُهَا ثُمَّ تَأْتِي قَبْرَ النَّبِيِّ ص ثُمَّ تَقُومُ فَتُسَلِّمُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ تَقُومُ عِنْدَ الْأُسْطُوَانَةِ الْمُقَدَّمَةِ مِنْ جَانِبِ الْقَبْرِ الْأَيْمَنِ عِنْدَ رَأْسِ الْقَبْرِ عِنْدَ زَاوِيَةِ الْقَبْرِ[2] وَ أَنْتَ مُسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ مَنْكِبُكَ الْأَيْسَرُ إِلَى جَانِبِ الْقَبْرِ وَ مَنْكِبُكَ الْأَيْم

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr and Muhammad ibn Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan and ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you enter al-Madinah, take a shower before you enter or at tha

إِذَا أَتَيْتَ الْقَبْرَ الَّذِي بِالْبَقِيعِ فَاجْعَلْهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ ثُمَّ تَقُولُ- السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَئِمَّةَ الْهُدَى السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ التَّقْوَى السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْحُجَّةَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقُوَّامَ فِي الْبَرِيَّةِ بِالْقِسْطِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الصَّفْوَةِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ النَّجْوَى أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكُمْ قَدْ بَلَّغْتُمْ وَ نَصَحْتُمْ

1. The following is narrated in a mawquf and mursal manner who has narrated the following: (It seems as if it is part of Hadith 5 of previous Chapter narrated from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar). “When you go to the grave in al-Baqi‘ keep it in front of you and say, ‘(I hereby declare, affirm and acknowledge that you are ‘Alayh

تَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا حُجَّةَ اللَّهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا خَلِيفَةَ اللَّهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا عَمُودَ الدِّينِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا وَارِثَ النَّبِيِّينَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا قَسِيمَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ النَّارِ وَ صَاحِبَ الْعَصَا وَ الْمِيسَمِ‌[1] السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ كَلِمَةُ التَّقْوَى وَ بَابُ الْهُدَى وَ الْعُ

You say: "Peace be upon you, O vicegerent of Allah, peace be upon you, O proof of Allah, peace be upon you, O successor of Allah, peace be upon you, O pillar of the religion, peace be upon you, O inheritor of the prophets, peace be upon you, O divider of paradise and hell, and the bearer of the staff and the seal, peac

إِذَا أَتَيْتَ قَبْرَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَائْتِ الْفُرَاتَ وَ اغْتَسِلْ بِحِيَالِ قَبْرِهِ وَ تَوَجَّهْ إِلَيْهِ وَ عَلَيْكَ السَّكِينَةَ وَ الْوَقَارَ حَتَّى تَدْخُلَ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الشَّرْقِيِّ وَ قُلْ حِينَ تَدْخُلُهُ- السَّلَامُ عَلَى مَلَائِكَةِ اللَّهِ الْمُنْزَلِينَ السَّلَامُ عَلَى مَلَائِكَةِ اللَّهِ الْمُرْدِفِينَ السَّلَامُ عَلَى مَلَائِكَةِ اللَّهِ الْمُسَوِّمِينَ السَّلَامُ عَلَى مَلَائِكَةِ

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa’id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Nu’aym ibn al-Walid from Yunus al-Kunasiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you decide to visit the gravesite of al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, go to al-Fur

اسْتَأْذَنْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقِيلَ لِي ادْخُلْ فَدَخَلْتُ فَوَجَدْتُهُ فِي مُصَلَّاهُ فِي بَيْتِهِ فَجَلَسْتُ حَتَّى قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ فَسَمِعْتُهُ وَ هُوَ يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ وَ يَقُولُ- يَا مَنْ خَصَّنَا بِالْكَرَامَةِ وَ خَصَّنَا بِالْوَصِيَّةِ وَ وَعَدَنَا الشَّفَاعَةَ وَ أَعْطَانَا عِلْمَ مَا مَضَى وَ مَا بَقِيَ وَ جَعَلَ أَفْئِدَةً مِنَ النَّاسِ تَهْوِي إِلَيْنَا اغْفِرْ لِي وَ لِإِخْوَانِي وَ لِزُوّ

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya and others have narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad and Muhammad ibn al-Husayn all from Musa ibn ‘Umar from Ghassan al-Basriy from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from certain individuals of our people from Ibrahim ibn ‘Uqbah from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab who has said the

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ يَا سَدِيرُ تَزُورُ قَبْرَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَا قَالَ فَمَا أَجْفَاكُمْ قَالَ فَتَزُورُونَهُ فِي كُلِّ جُمْعَةٍ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَتَزُورُونَهُ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَتَزُورُونَهُ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ قُلْتُ قَدْ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ يَا سَدِيرُ مَا أَجْفَاكُمْ لِلْحُسَيْنِ ع أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَلْفَيْ أَلْفِ مَلَك

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once said, ‘O Sadir, do you visit the grave of al-Husayn (a.s.), every day?’ I replied, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, no, I do not visit every day.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘How harsh are your manners toward him!’ He (the Imam) then asked, ‘Do you visit him every Friday

كَتَبَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي رِسَالَةٍ إِلَى بَعْضِ خُلَفَاءِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا ضَيَّعَ الْجِهَادَ الَّذِي فَضَّلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى الْأَعْمَالِ وَ فَضَّلَ عَامِلَهُ عَلَى الْعُمَّالِ تَفْضِيلًا فِي الدَّرَجَاتِ وَ الْمَغْفِرَةِ وَ الرَّحْمَةِ لِأَنَّهُ ظَهَرَ بِهِ الدِّينُ وَ بِهِ يُدْفَعُ عَنِ الدِّينِ وَ بِهِ اشْتَرَى اللَّهُ‌ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَ أَمْوالَهُمْ‌ بِالْجَن

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once wrote in a letter to a certain individual of the Amawide rulers the following: “Of his neglectfulness one example is his disregard of the duty of Jihad (serving in the army) which Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has given preference over all other good deeds. He (Allah) has given p

أَنَّ أَبَا دُجَانَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ اعْتَمَّ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ بِعِمَامَةٍ لَهُ وَ أَرْخَى عَذَبَةَ الْعِمَامَةِ[3] بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ حَتَّى جَعَلَ يَتَبَخْتَرُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ هَذِهِ لَمِشْيَةٌ يُبْغِضُهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَّا عِنْدَ الْقِتَالِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ.

“On the day of ‘Uhud, abu Dujanah al-Ansariy wore his turban and left one end hanging between his shoulders on his back and began walking as if puffed up with pride. The Messenger of Allah said, ‘This is a kind of walking that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, dislikes very much except during fighting for th

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْجِهَادِ سُنَّةٌ أَمْ فَرِيضَةٌ فَقَالَ الْجِهَادُ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَوْجُهٍ فَجِهَادَانِ فَرْضٌ وَ جِهَادٌ سُنَّةٌ لَا يُقَامُ إِلَّا مَعَ الْفَرْضِ فَأَمَّا أَحَدُ الْفَرْضَيْنِ فَمُجَاهَدَةُ الرَّجُلِ نَفْسَهُ عَنْ مَعَاصِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ هُوَ مِنْ أَعْظَمِ الْجِهَادِ وَ مُجَاهَدَةُ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُمْ مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ فَرْضٌ وَ أَمَّا الْجِهَادُ الَّذِي هُوَ سُن

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), It Jihad Sunnah (optional) or obligatory?’ He replied, ‘Jihad is of four kinds. Two kinds of Jihad are obligatory and there is an optional Jihad which cannot be established without obligatory Jihad. ‘Of the two obligatory Jihad is one’s Jihad (struggle) aga

قُلْتُ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الدُّعَاءِ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ الْجِهَادِ فِي سَبِيلِهِ أَ هُوَ لِقَوْمٍ لَا يَحِلُّ إِلَّا لَهُمْ وَ لَا يَقُومُ بِهِ إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ مِنْهُمْ أَمْ هُوَ مُبَاحٌ لِكُلِّ مَنْ وَحَّدَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ آمَنَ بِرَسُولِهِ ص وَ مَنْ كَانَ كَذَا فَلَهُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِلَى طَاعَتِهِ وَ أَنْ يُجَاهِدَ فِي سَبِيلِهِ فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ لِقَوْمٍ لَا يَحِلُّ إِلَّا

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Bakr ibn Salih from al-Qasim ibn Burayd from abu ‘ Amr al-Zubayriy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘Instruct me about calling to Allah and Jihad for His cause. Is it only for a certain group beside

كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص لَا يُقَاتِلُ حَتَّى تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ وَ يَقُولُ تُفَتَّحُ أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ وَ تُقْبِلُ الرَّحْمَةُ وَ يَنْزِلُ النَّصْرُ وَ يَقُولُ هُوَ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ وَ أَجْدَرُ أَنْ يَقِلَّ الْقَتْلُ وَ يَرْجِعَ الطَّالِبُ وَ يُفْلِتَ الْمُنْهَزِمُ‌[5].

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Yahya ibn abu al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would not launch attacks against the enemy until after the declining of the sun toward th

إِذَا أَخَذْتَ أَسِيراً فَعَجَزَ عَنِ الْمَشْيِ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَكَ مَحْمِلٌ فَأَرْسِلْهُ وَ لَا تَقْتُلْهُ فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي مَا حُكْمُ الْإِمَامِ فِيهِ قَالَ وَ قَالَ الْأَسِيرُ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ فَقَدْ حُقِنَ دَمُهُ وَ صَارَ فَيْئاً.

“If you take a prisoner who is not able to walk and you do not have a carriage to carry him, then allow him to go and do not kill him; you do not know what is the command of the Imam about him.’ The narrator has said that he (the Imam) then said, ‘If a prisoner becomes a Muslim, his life is spared and he is one of us.’

إِطْعَامُ الْأَسِيرِ حَقٌّ عَلَى مَنْ أَسَرَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ يُرَادُ مِنَ الْغَدِ قَتْلُهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُطْعَمَ وَ يُسْقَى وَ [يُظَلَ‌] وَ يُرْفَقَ بِهِ كَافِراً كَانَ أَوْ غَيْرَهُ.

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that feeding the prisoner is upon the one who has captured him even if he wants to eliminate him the next day. He should feed him, quench his thirst, [provide him shadow, shelter] and be kind to him, regardless, he is an unbeliever or not.”

الْأَسِيرُ طَعَامُهُ عَلَى مَنْ أَسَرَهُ حَقٌّ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ كَافِراً يُقْتَلُ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَرْؤُفَهُ‌[3] وَ يُطْعِمَهُ وَ يَسْقِيَهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that feeding the prisoner is upon the one who has captured him, even if he is an unbeliever whom he wants to eliminate the next day. He should be kind to him, feed him and quench his thirst.”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي طَعَامِ الْأَسِيرِ فَقَالَ إِطْعَامُهُ حَقٌّ عَلَى مَنْ أَسَرَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ قَتْلَهُ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُطْعَمَ وَ يُسْقَى وَ يُظَلَّ وَ يُرْفَقَ بِهِ كَافِراً كَانَ أَوْ غَيْرَهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), spoke about feeding the prisoners of war and said, ‘Feeding of prisoners of war is on the one who has taken him as a prisoner even if he wants to eliminate him the next day. He must feed him quench his thirst, provide him shadow and be kind to him, regardless, the prisoner is an unbeliever or ot

دَخَلَ رِجَالٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ص فَسَأَلُوهُ كَيْفَ الدَّعْوَةُ إِلَى الدِّينِ قَالَ تَقُولُ‌ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ* أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِلَى دِينِهِ وَ جِمَاعُهُ أَمْرَانِ‌[1] أَحَدُهُمَا مَعْرِفَةُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ الْآخَرُ الْعَمَلُ بِرِضْوَانِهِ وَ إِنَّ مَعْرِفَةَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُعْرَفَ بِالْوَحْدَانِيَّةِ وَ الرَّأْفَةِ

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, from af-Qasim ibn Muhammad from af-Minqariy from Sufyan ibn ‘ Uyaynah from al- Zuhriy who has said the following: “Once a group of men of Quraysh came to see Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and asked him about how to call to religion. He (the Imam) replied, ‘You sho

أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي أَتَيْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ وَ دَعَوْتُهُمْ وَ احْتَجَجْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَدَعَوْنِي إِلَى أَنْ أَصْبِرَ لِلْجِلَادِ وَ أَبْرُزَ لِلطِّعَانِ‌[1] فَلِأُمِّهِمُ الْهَبَلُ وَ قَدْ كُنْتُ وَ مَا أُهَدَّدُ بِالْحَرْبِ وَ لَا أُرْهَبُ بِالضَّرْبِ أَنْصَفَ الْقَارَةَ مَنْ رَامَاهَا[2] فَلِغَيْرِي فَلْيُبْرِقُوا وَ لْيُرْعِدُوا[3] فَأَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الَّذِي فَلَلْتُ حَدَّهُمْ وَ فَرَّقْتُ جَمَاعَت

“On the day of Jamal Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), delivered a speech. He praised and glorified Allah; then said, ‘O people, I came to these people, called them and presented proof in support of my truthfulness. They then called me for a contest. Their mothers will certainly weep for them; I never was and will not feel thre

دَخَلَ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَرَأَى عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابَ بِيضٍ كَأَنَّهَا غِرْقِئُ الْبَيْضِ‌[1] فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ هَذَا اللِّبَاسَ لَيْسَ مِنْ لِبَاسِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ اسْمَعْ مِنِّي وَ عِ مَا أَقُولُ لَكَ فَإِنَّهُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ عَاجِلًا وَ آجِلًا إِنْ أَنْتَ مِتَ‌[2] عَلَى السُّنَّةِ وَ الْحَقِّ وَ لَمْ تَمُتْ عَلَى بِدْعَةٍ أُخْبِرُكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ فِي زَمَانٍ مُقْفِرٍ جَدْ

مَنْ طَلَبَ [الرِّزْقَ فِي‌] الدُّنْيَا اسْتِعْفَافاً عَنِ النَّاسِ وَ تَوْسِيعاً عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَ تَعَطُّفاً عَلَى جَارِهِ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ وَجْهُهُ مِثْلُ الْقَمَرِ لَيْلَةَ الْبَدْرِ.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that one who works to earn his sustenance in this world so he would not need to spread his hands before people for help, to better the living conditions of his family and to show kindness to his neighbors will, on the Judgment Day, go before Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, with his fac

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ أَلَا إِنَّ الرُّوحَ الْأَمِينَ نَفَثَ فِي رُوعِي أَنَّهُ لَا تَمُوتُ نَفْسٌ حَتَّى تَسْتَكْمِلَ رِزْقَهَا فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَجْمِلُوا فِي الطَّلَبِ وَ لَا يَحْمِلَنَّكُمُ اسْتِبْطَاءُ شَيْ‌ءٍ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ أَنْ تَطْلُبُوهُ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى قَسَمَ الْأَرْزَاقَ بَيْنَ خَلْقِهِ حَلَالًا وَ لَمْ يَ

‘The Messenger of Allah during his farewell Hajj said, ‘The trustworthy spirit has inspired my understanding that no soul dies before its sustenance is complete (depleted). You must maintain piety before Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, be meticulous in your work to make a living. You must not allow procrastination

لَيْسَ مِنْ نَفْسٍ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهَا رِزْقَهَا حَلَالًا يَأْتِيهَا فِي عَافِيَةٍ وَ عَرَضَ لَهَا بِالْحَرَامِ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ فَإِنْ هِيَ تَنَاوَلَتْ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْحَرَامِ قَاصَّهَا بِهِ‌[2] مِنَ الْحَلَالِ الَّذِي فَرَضَ لَهَا وَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ سِوَاهُمَا فَضْلٌ كَثِيرٌ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ سْئَلُوا اللَّهَ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ‌[3].

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Ibrahim ibn abu al-Balad from his father who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘There is not a single soul whose sustenance Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has not assigned of the lawful kind and in good h

إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ وَ خَلَقَ مَعَهُمْ أَرْزَاقَهُمْ حَلَالًا طَيِّباً فَمَنْ تَنَاوَلَ شَيْئاً مِنْهَا حَرَاماً قُصَّ بِهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْحَلَالِ.

Allah, the most Majestic and Glorious, has created the creatures and with them He has created their sustenance of the lawful and beautiful kind. If anyone achieves a certain amount of unlawful sustenance, then it is deducted from his lawful sustenance.’”

كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كَثِيراً مَا يَقُولُ‌ اعْلَمُوا عِلْماً يَقِيناً أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ لِلْعَبْدِ وَ إِنِ اشْتَدَّ جَهْدُهُ وَ عَظُمَتْ حِيلَتُهُ وَ كَثُرَتْ مُكَابَدَتُهُ أَنْ يَسْبِقَ مَا سُمِّيَ لَهُ فِي الذِّكْرِ الْحَكِيمِ وَ لَمْ يَحُلْ‌ مِنَ الْعَبْدِ فِي ضَعْفِهِ وَ قِلَّةِ حِيلَتِهِ‌[1] أَنْ يَبْلُغَ مَا سُمِّيَ لَهُ فِي الذِّكْرِ الْحَكِيمِ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ لَنْ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), very often would say, ‘You must take notice with absolute certainty that Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, does not allow a servant, no matter how intensely he strives, how great the kind of means he prepares, and no matter how numerously he suffers fati

إِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِأَهْلِ بَيْتٍ خَيْراً رَزَقَهُمُ الرِّفْقَ فِي الْمَعِيشَةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, wills good for a family He grants them ease in their living conditions.’”

إِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مُعْسِراً فَيَعْمَلُ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَقُوتُ بِهِ نَفْسَهُ وَ أَهْلَهُ وَ لَا يَطْلُبُ حَرَاماً فَهُوَ كَالْمُجَاهِدِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one has difficulty in providing for his family and works to meet his own needs and the needs of his family and does not work for unlawful kind of sustenance, he is like a Mujahid (fighter) for the cause of Allah.”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَدْعُو اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَرْزُقَنِي الْحَلَالَ فَقَالَ أَ تَدْرِي مَا الْحَلَالُ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَمَّا الَّذِي عِنْدَنَا فَالْكَسْبُ الطَّيِّبُ فَقَالَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَقُولُ الْحَلَالُ قُوتُ الْمُصْطَفَيْنَ وَ لَكِنْ قُلْ أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ رِزْقِكَ الْوَاسِعِ.

“Once I asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, please pray for me to Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, so He grants me lawful sustenance.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘Do you know what lawful sustenance is?’ I replied, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for

نَظَرَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِلَى رَجُلٍ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ رِزْقِكَ الْحَلَالِ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع سَأَلْتَ قُوتَ النَّبِيِّينَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ رِزْقاً وَاسِعاً طَيِّباً مِنْ رِزْقِكَ.

“Once abu Ja‘far (a.s.), looked at a man who said, ‘O Lord, I pray to You to grant me lawful sustenance.’ Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), said, ‘You have asked of the kind of sustenance of the prophets. Say, “O Lord, grant me of Your extended and clean sustenance.’””

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَا يُخَلِّفُ الرَّجُلُ شَيْئاً أَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَالِ الصَّامِتِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ يَجْعَلُهُ فِي الْحَائِطِ يَعْنِي فِي الْبُسْتَانِ أَوِ الدَّارِ.

"The most difficult property to protect is of the silent kind (gold and silver).’ I then asked, ‘What should one do about it?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘One should keep them inside walls, a garden or a house.’"

احْتُضِرَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَاجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ غُرَمَاؤُهُ فَطَالَبُوهُ بِدَيْنٍ لَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَا مَالَ عِنْدِي فَأُعْطِيَكُمْ وَ لَكِنِ ارْضَوْا بِمَا شِئْتُمْ مِنِ ابْنَيْ عَمِّي عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ فَقَالَ الْغُرَمَاءُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ مَلِيٌّ مَطُولٌ‌[3] وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع [رَجُلٌ‌] لَا مَالَ لَهُ صَدُوقٌ وَ هُوَ أَحَبُّهُمَا إِلَيْنَا فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَ

“‘Abd Allah was about to die and his creditors gathered around him demanding payment. He said to them, ‘I do not have any property to pay you but you may choose one of the sons of my uncle, Ali ibn Al-Husayn (a.s.), and ‘Abd Allah ibn Ja’far who will assume responsibility to pay you.’ They said, “Abd Allah ibn Ja’far i

وَصَفْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ يَقُولُ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِمَّنْ يَعْمَلُ عَمَلَ السُّلْطَانِ فَقَالَ إِذَا وَلُوكُمْ يُدْخِلُونَ عَلَيْكُمُ الرِّفْقَ‌[1] وَ يَنْفَعُونَكُمْ فِي حَوَائِجِكُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَا يَفْعَلُ قَالَ مَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ فَابْرَءُوا مِنْهُ بَرِئَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ.

“I once spoke to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about certain people who believe in Divine Authority of ‘A’immah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, but work for the Sultan. He (the Imam) said, ‘They have achieved authority, therefore, they benefit you and help you.’ I (the narrator) then said, ‘Certain ones among them do so and certain other

رَافَقْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي السَّنَةِ الَّتِي حَجَّ فِيهَا فِي أَوَّلِ خِلَافَةِ الْمُعْتَصِمِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ وَ أَنَا مَعَهُ عَلَى الْمَائِدَةِ وَ هُنَاكَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَوْلِيَاءِ السُّلْطَانِ إِنَّ وَالِيَنَا جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ رَجُلٌ يَتَوَلَّاكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُحِبُّكُمْ وَ عَلَيَّ فِي دِيوَانِهِ خَرَاجٌ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ جَعَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ أَنْ تَكْتُبَ إِلَيْهِ كِتَاباً بِالْإِحْسَانِ إِلَيَّ فَ

"I accompanied Abu Ja'far al-Baqir (as) in the year he performed Hajj during the beginning of al-Mu'tasim's caliphate. While we were at the table, and a group of the Sultan's officials were present, I said to him: 'May I be your ransom, our governor is a man who is loyal to you, Ahl al-Bayt, and he loves you. I owe tax

سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا يَسْأَلُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع فَقَالَ إِنِّي أُعَالِجُ الدَّقِيقَ وَ أَبِيعُهُ وَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ لَا يَنْبَغِي فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع وَ مَا بَأْسُهُ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ مِمَّا يُبَاعُ إِذَا اتَّقَى اللَّهَ فِيهِ الْعَبْدُ فَلَا بَأْسَ.

“I heard a man asking abu al-Hassan, al-Rida (a.s.), saying, ‘I prepare (special kind of flour) and sell it but people say that it should not be done.’ Al-Rida (a.s.), said to him, ‘What is wrong with it? There is no offense in selling things in which a servant maintains piety before Allah.’”

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَخَبَّرْتُهُ أَنَّهُ وُلِدَ لِي غُلَامٌ فَقَالَ أَ لَا سَمَّيْتَهُ مُحَمَّداً قَالَ قُلْتُ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ قَالَ فَلَا تَضْرِبْ مُحَمَّداً وَ لَا تَسُبَّهُ جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ قُرَّةَ عَيْنٍ لَكَ فِي حَيَاتِكَ وَ خَلَفَ صِدْقٍ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فِي أَيِّ الْأَعْمَالِ أَضَعُهُ قَالَ إِذَا عَدَلْتَهُ عَنْ خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ فَضَعْهُ حَيْثُ شِئْتَ لَا تُسْلِمْهُ صَ

“I once visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and informed him of the birth of my son. He asked, ‘Why do you not name him Muhammad?’ I replied, ‘I have already done so.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘You must not beat up a Muhammad and do not abuse him. Allah will make him the delight to your eyes during your life time as well as

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ مَعِي ثَوْبَانِ فَقَالَ لِي يَا أَبَا إِسْمَاعِيلَ يَجِيئُنِي مِنْ قِبَلِكُمْ أَثْوَابٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَ لَيْسَ يَجِيئُنِي مِثْلُ هَذَيْنِ الثَّوْبَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ تَحْمِلُهُمَا أَنْتَ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ تَغْزِلُهُمَا أُمُّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ أَنْسِجُهُمَا أَنَا فَقَالَ لِي حَائِكٌ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَا تَكُنْ حَائِكاً قُلْتُ فَمَا أَكُونُ قَالَ كُنْ صَيْقَلًا وَ كَانَتْ

“Once I visited Abu ’Abdullah (a.s). I had two pieces of fabric materials with me. He (the Imam) said, ‘O Abu Isma'il, from your area people bring us many kinds of fabrics but not like these two pieces that you carry.’ I said, I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, the mother of Isma’il prepares thr

دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ مَعَنَا فَرْقَدٌ الْحَجَّامُ فَقَالَ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي أَعْمَلُ عَمَلًا وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ عَنْهُ غَيْرَ وَاحِدٍ وَ لَا اثْنَيْنِ فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّهُ عَمَلٌ مَكْرُوهٌ وَ أَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ عَنْهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَكْرُوهاً انْتَهَيْتُ عَنْهُ وَ عَمِلْتُ غَيْرَهُ مِنَ الْأَعْمَالِ فَإِنِّي مُنْتَهٍ فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى قَوْلِكَ قَالَ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ حَجَّامٌ قَال

“Once we visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when Farqad al-Hajjam was also with us. He (Farqad) asked him (the Imam) saying, ’May Allah keep my soul in the service of your cause, I perform a certain kind of work and I have asked more than one person about the legal status of what I do and they think it is a detestable work

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا عُذْرَ لِأَحَدٍ فِيهَا أَدَاءُ الْأَمَانَةِ إِلَى الْبَرِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ وَ الْوَفَاءُ بِالْعَهْدِ إِلَى الْبَرِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ وَ بِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ بَرَّيْنِ كَانَا أَوْ فَاجِرَيْنِ.

“I heard abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘There are three issues in which one has no choice: They are safe return of trust of a virtuous or sinful person, keeping one’s promise to a virtuous or sinful person, and kindness to parents, regardless, of their being virtuous or sinful ones.’”

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ وَجَدَ ضَالَّةً فَلَمْ يُعَرِّفْهَا ثُمَّ وُجِدَتْ عِنْدَهُ فَإِنَّهَا لِرَبِّهَا وَ مِثْلَهَا[2] مِنْ مَالِ الَّذِي كَتَمَهَا.

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘One who finds a lost animal but does not announce in public what he has found and then it is found by the owner, it then is for the care-taker (owner) or its kind (current value) from the assets of the one who has kept it in hiding.’”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ كُلُّ رِبًا أَكَلَهُ النَّاسُ بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ تَابُوا فَإِنَّهُ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُمْ إِذَا عُرِفَ مِنْهُمُ التَّوْبَةُ وَ قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا وَرِثَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ مَالًا وَ قَدْ عَرَفَ أَنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَالِ رِبًا وَ لَكِنْ قَدِ اخْتَلَطَ فِي التِّجَارَةِ بِغَيْرِهِ حَلَالٍ‌[2] كَانَ حَلَالًا طَيِّباً فَلْيَأْكُلْهُ وَ إِنْ عَرَفَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً[3] أَنَّهُ رِبًا فَلْيَأْخُذْ رَأْسَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Any kind of Riba ’ people have consumed in ignorance then repented, such repentance is accepted if such repentance is found in them.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘If a man inherits goods, from his father and knows that there is Riba ’ in it but is mixed in trade with other lawful goods i

الرِّبَا رِبَاءَانِ رِبًا يُؤْكَلُ وَ رِبًا لَا يُؤْكَلُ فَأَمَّا الَّذِي يُؤْكَلُ فَهَدِيَّتُكَ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ الثَّوَابَ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهَا فَذَلِكَ الرِّبَا الَّذِي يُؤْكَلُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ‌ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ ما آتَيْتُمْ مِنْ رِباً لِيَرْبُوَا فِي أَمْوالِ النَّاسِ فَلا يَرْبُوا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ‌[1] وَ أَمَّا الَّذِي لَا يُؤْكَلُ فَهُوَ الرِّبَا الَّذِي نَهَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْهُ وَ أَوْعَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Riba’ is of two kinds: One kind is that which is consumed and the other kind is not consumed. The gift that one presents to someone in order to receive Thawab (rewards from Allah) is better. Of this kind is the Riba’ which is consumed as it is mentioned in the words of Allah, most

إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الرِّبَا لِكَيْلَا يَمْتَنِعَ النَّاسُ مِنِ اصْطِنَاعِ الْمَعْرُوفِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has prohibited receiving Riba’ so that people do not deny acts of benevolence and compassion.”

رِبْحُ الْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ رِبًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَارْبَحْ عَلَيْهِ قُوتَ يَوْمِكَ أَوْ يَشْتَرِيَهُ لِلتِّجَارَةِ فَارْبَحُوا عَلَيْهِمْ وَ ارْفُقُوا بِهِمْ.

“Abu ‘Abdullah (a.s.), has said, ‘A believer’s making profit on another believer is Riba’ except if he buys more than a hundred dirham worth of goods, in which case, he can make a profit equal to the expenses of his day, or if he buys it for business and reselling. You may in this case make a profit but you must deal w

إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ شَيْئاً فَقُلْ يَا حَيُّ يَا قَيُّومُ يَا دَائِمُ يَا رَءُوفُ يَا رَحِيمُ أَسْأَلُكَ بِعِزَّتِكَ وَ قُدْرَتِكَ وَ مَا أَحَاطَ بِهِ عِلْمُكَ أَنْ تَقْسِمَ لِي مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ الْيَوْمَ أَعْظَمَهَا رِزْقاً وَ أَوْسَعَهَا فَضْلًا وَ خَيْرَهَا عَاقِبَةً فَإِنَّهُ لَا خَيْرَ فِيمَا لَا عَاقِبَةَ لَهُ‌[2] قَالَ وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ دَابَّةً أَوْ رَأْساً فَقُلِ ا

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you decide to buy something say this, “O Living, O Guardian, O Eternal, O Compassionate, O Merciful I pray to You through Your majesty, Your power and all that Your knowledge encompasses, grant me of business the greatest share of sustenance, vastest extra favors and the best of

كُنْتُ‌ أَبِيعُ السَّابِرِيَّ فِي الظِّلَالِ فَمَرَّ بِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع فَقَالَ لِي يَا هِشَامُ إِنَّ الْبَيْعَ فِي الظِّلِّ غِشٌّ وَ إِنَّ الْغِشَّ لَا يَحِلُ‌[1].

“Once when I was selling al-Sabiriy (a certain kind of fabric) in the shade, abu al-Hassan (a.s.), passed by and said to me, ‘O Hisham, selling in shade is cheating and cheating is not lawful.’”

ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يَنْظُرُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِمْ- يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَحَدُهُمْ رَجُلٌ اتَّخَذَ اللَّهَ بِضَاعَةً لَا يَشْتَرِي إِلَّا بِيَمِينٍ وَ لَا يَبِيعُ إِلَّا بِيَمِينٍ.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Muhammad ibn Tsa from ‘Ubayd Allah al- Dihqan from Durust ibn abu Mansur from Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), has said, ‘On the Day of Judgment, Allah, most High, will not look to three kin

إِذَا نَظَرَ الرَّجُلُ فِي تِجَارَةٍ فَلَمْ يَرَ فِيهَا شَيْئاً فَلْيَتَحَوَّلْ إِلَى غَيْرِهَا.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one starts a certain business, if he does not find any profit in it, he then must change it for another kind of business.’”

قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي أَمُرُّ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ فَيَعْرِضُ عَلَيَّ الطَّعَامَ فَيَقُولُ قَدْ أَصَبْتُ طَعَاماً مِنْ حَاجَتِكَ فَأَقُولُ لَهُ أَخْرِجْهُ أُرْبِحْكَ فِي الْكُرِّ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِذَا أَخْرَجَهُ نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ حَاجَتِي أَخَذْتُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ حَاجَتِي تَرَكْتُهُ قَالَ هَذِهِ الْمُرَاوَضَةُ[1] لَا بَأْسَ بِهَا قُلْتُ فَأَقُولُ لَهُ اعْزِلْ مِنْهُ خَمْسِينَ كُرّاً أَوْ أَقَلَّ

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that I may pass by a man and he speaks to me about food and says, ‘You have found the kind of foodstuff that you need.’ I then ask him to show me and I will give such and such amount of profit for each kur, but when he shows it to me, I look at it and if I need I take it, if not I

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ لَوْنَانِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ سِعْرُهُمَا شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ أَحَدُهُمَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْآخَرِ فَيَخْلِطُهُمَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهُمَا بِسِعْرٍ وَاحِدٍ فَقَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ يَغُشَّ بِهِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَهُ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has various kinds of the same item of foodstuff of the same price of which one is of high quality and one is of low quality but he mixes them together; then sells them for one kind of price. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not proper f

سُئِلَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ الرَّجُلَ الطَّعَامَ الْأَكْرَارَ فَلَا يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُتِمُّ لَهُ مَا بَاعَهُ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ خُذْ مِنِّي مَكَانَ كُلِّ قَفِيزِ حِنْطَةٍ قَفِيزَيْنِ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ حَتَّى تَسْتَوْفِيَ مَا نَقَصَ مِنَ الْكَيْلِ قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ لِأَنَّ أَصْلَ الشَّعِيرِ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَ لَكِنْ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ الدَّرَاهِمَ بِحِسَابِ مَا نَقَصَ مِنَ الْكَيْلِ.

“Once abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the case of a man who sells foodstuff to another man in quantity of several kur but cannot deliver what he owes, and says to the other party to accept two Qafiz (a certain unit of measurement) of barley for one Qafiz of wheat to compensate for the deficit. He (the Imam) sai

الْحِنْطَةُ وَ الشَّعِيرُ رَأْساً بِرَأْسٍ لَا يُزَادُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا عَلَى الْآخَرِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Wheat and barley are equal to each other; neither one of the two can be exchanged in excess of the other.’”