Kindness & Mercy

قَالَ: لَا يُبَاعُ مَخْتُومَانِ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ بِمَخْتُومٍ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ وَ لَا يُبَاعُ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ وَ التَّمْرُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الْحِنْطَةَ فَلَا يَجِدُ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهَا إِلَّا شَعِيراً أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ اثْنَيْنِ بِوَاحِدٍ قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا أَصْلُهُمَا وَاحِدٌ وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَعُدُّ الشَّعِيرَ بِالْحِنْطَةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not permissible to sell two Makhtum (a container) of barley for one Makhtum of wheat. These items cannot be exchanged except in equal quantities of each other and so also is the date.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the case of a man who buys wheat but cannot find with h

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْحِنْطَةِ وَ الشَّعِيرِ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَا سَوَاءً فَلَا بَأْسَ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْحِنْطَةِ وَ الدَّقِيقِ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَا سَوَاءً فَلَا بَأْسَ.

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about wheat and barley. He (the Imam) said, ‘If they are of equal measures it is not harmful.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘I asked him (the Imam) about flour and wheat. He (the Imam) said, ‘If they are of equal measures it is not harmful.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ يَجُوزُ قَفِيزٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ بِقَفِيزَيْنِ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ فَقَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الشَّعِيرَ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if it is permissible to exchange one Qafiz (a certain unit of measurement) of wheat for two Qafiz of barley. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not permissible unless they are of equal quantities.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Barley is from wheat.’”

لآِخَرَ بِعْنِي ثَمَرَةَ نَخْلِكَ هَذَا الَّذِي فِيهِ بِقَفِيزَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ يُسَمِّي مَا شَاءَ فَبَاعَهُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَ قَالَ التَّمْرُ وَ الْبُسْرُ مِنْ نَخْلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَأَمَّا أَنْ يَخْلِطَ التَّمْرَ الْعَتِيقَ وَ الْبُسْرَ فَلَا يَصْلُحُ وَ الزَّبِيبُ وَ الْعِنَبُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ.

“About the case of a man who asks another man to sell the fruits of his certain palm tree for two Qafiz (a certain unit of measurement) of dates or less or more that he names as he likes, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not harmful.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Fresh dates and half-ripe dates from one palm tree c

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَسْأَلَ- أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ اسْتَبْدَلَ قَوْصَرَتَيْنِ فِيهِمَا بُسْرٌ مَطْبُوخٌ بِقَوْصَرَةٍ فِيهَا تَمْرٌ مُشَقَّقٌ‌[1] قَالَ فَسَأَلَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ ع هَذَا مَكْرُوهٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ وَ لِمَ يُكْرَهُ فَقَالَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَبْدِلَ وَسْقاً مِنْ تَمْرِ الْمَدِينَةِ بِوَسْقَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرِ خَيْبَرَ

“I once asked abu Basir to ask abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who exchanges two baskets of fresh half-ripe dates for one basket of Mushaqaq (stone-free) dates. Abu Basir asked him (the Imam) and he (the Imam) said, ‘It is Makruh (detestable).’ Abu Basir then asked, ‘Why it is Makruh (detestable)?’ He (

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ص يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَبْدِلَ وَسْقاً مِنْ تَمْرِ خَيْبَرَ بِوَسْقَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرِ الْمَدِينَةِ لِأَنَّ تَمْرَ خَيْبَرَ أَجْوَدُهُمَا.

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying that ’Amir al-Mu’minin disliked exchanging of one wasaq (a certain unit of measurement) of dates of Khaybar with two wasaq of dates of al- Madinah because dates of Khaybar are of superior quality.’”

قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي الْبُرِّ بِالسَّوِيقِ فَقَالَ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قُلْتُ إِنَّهُ يَكُونُ لَهُ رَيْعٌ أَوْ يَكُونُ لَهُ فَضْلٌ فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ لَهُ مَئُونَةٌ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ هَذَا بِذَا وَ قَالَ إِذَا اخْتَلَفَ الشَّيْئَانِ فَلَا بَأْسَ مِثْلَيْنِ بِمِثْلٍ يَداً بِيَدٍ[1].

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about his opinion on wheat and the sawiq (mush made of wheat or barley). He (the Imam) said, ‘Their exchange in equal measures is not harmful.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if one has a certain yield or preference over the other?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Does it not have expenses and mainte

الْحِنْطَةُ بِالدَّقِيقِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ وَ السَّوِيقُ بِالسَّوِيقِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ وَ الشَّعِيرُ بِالْحِنْطَةِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘It is permissible to exchange wheat with flour in equal measures and sawiq (mush) of wheat with mush and barley with wheat in equal measures, is not harmful.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَدْفَعُ إِلَى الطَّحَّانِ الطَّعَامَ فَيُقَاطِعُهُ عَلَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَ صَاحِبَهُ لِكُلِّ عَشَرَةِ أَرْطَالٍ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ دَقِيقاً قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَالرَّجُلُ يَدْفَعُ السِّمْسِمَ إِلَى الْعَصَّارِ وَ يَضْمَنُ لَهُ لِكُلِّ صَاعٍ أَرْطَالًا مُسَمَّاةً قَالَ لَا.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who gives foodstuff to a flour man under a contract that requires him to return for every ten Artal (plural of ritl, a certain unit of measurement) twelve Artal of flour. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not permissible.’ I then asked about sesame given under a con

لَا يَصْلُحُ التَّمْرُ الْيَابِسُ بِالرُّطَبِ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّ التَّمْرَ يَابِسٌ وَ الرُّطَبَ رَطْبٌ فَإِذَا يَبِسَ نَقَصَ وَ لَا يَصْلُحُ الشَّعِيرُ بِالْحِنْطَةِ إِلَّا وَاحِداً بِوَاحِدٍ وَ قَالَ الْكَيْلُ يَجْرِي مَجْرًى وَاحِداً وَ يُكْرَهُ قَفِيزُ لَوْزٍ بِقَفِيزَيْنِ وَ قَفِيزُ تَمْرٍ بِقَفِيزَيْنِ وَ لَكِنْ صَاعُ حِنْطَةٍ بِصَاعَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَ صَاعُ تَمْرٍ بِصَاعَيْنِ مِنْ زَبِيبٍ وَ إِذَا اخْتَلَفَ هَذ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Exchanging dry dates with fresh ones is not valid; dry dates are dry and fresh are not dry. When it dries it shrinks. Exchanging barley with wheat is also not valid unless it is in equal measures.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Measuring is one and the same. It is detestable to exchange one Qa

كَرِهَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَفِيزَ لَوْزٍ بِقَفِيزَيْنِ مِنْ لَوْزٍ وَ قَفِيزَ تَمْرٍ بِقَفِيزَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرٍ[2].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), disliked exchange of one Qafiz of almond with two Qafiz of almond and one Qafiz of dates with two Qafiz of dates.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَفَ رَجُلًا زَيْتاً عَلَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ سَمْناً قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who makes an advance payment for oil to receive ghee. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not valid.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ إِسْلَافُ السَّمْنِ بِالزَّيْتِ وَ لَا الزَّيْتِ بِالسَّمْنِ.

‘It is not valid for a man to make advance payment in the form of ghee to receive oil and vice versa.’”

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْعِنَبِ بِالزَّبِيبِ قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ قُلْتُ وَ التَّمْرُ وَ الزَّبِيبُ قَالَ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ.

“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the exchange of grape with raisins and he (the Imam) replied, ‘It is not permissible unless it is in equal measures.’ I asked about exchange of dates and raisins. He (the Imam) said, ‘It must be in equal measures.’”

الْمُخْتَلِفُ مِثْلَانِ بِمِثْلٍ يَداً بِيَدٍ لَا بَأْسَ.

exchange of two different kinds of goods at the same time is not harmful.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَرَى فِي التَّمْرِ وَ الْبُسْرِ الْأَحْمَرِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ فَالْبُخْتُجُ وَ الْعَصِيرُ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[2].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about dry dates and fresh dates exchanged in equal measures. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’ I then asked him (the Imam) about cooked juice and uncooked one exchanged in equal measures. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

كُنْتُ جَالِساً عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ وَ مَعَهُ ابْنٌ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تِجَارَةُ ابْنِكَ فَقَالَ التَّنَخُّسُ‌[2] فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تَشْتَرِيَنَّ شَيْناً وَ لَا عَيْباً[3] وَ إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ رَأْساً فَلَا تُرِيَنَّ ثَمَنَهُ فِي كِفَّةِ الْمِيزَانِ فَمَا مِنْ رَأْسٍ رَأَى ثَمَنَهُ فِي كِفَّةِ الْمِيزَانِ فَأَفْلَحَ وَ إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ رَأ

“Once I was sitting with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when a man came in with his son. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked, ‘What kind of business does your son do?’ He replied, ‘He sells slaves.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘You must not buy what is defective physically or morally. When you buy a head, you must not show its price

كَانَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُنْكَدِرِ يَقُولُ لِأَبِي يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا لَنَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ لَوْ أَخَذْتَ دِينَاراً وَ الصَّرْفُ بِثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ فَدُرْتَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى أَنْ تَجِدَ مَنْ يُعْطِيكَ عِشْرِينَ مَا وَجَدْتَهُ وَ مَا هَذَا إِلَّا فِرَاراً وَ كَانَ أَبِي يَقُولُ صَدَقْتَ وَ اللَّهِ وَ لَكِنَّهُ فِرَارٌ مِنْ بَاطِلٍ إِلَى حَقٍّ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir would say to my father, ‘O abu Ja‘far, Allah has granted you kindness, by Allah, we know, if you take a dinar and the rate is eighteen and you go around the whole of al-Madinah to find one who would give you twenty, you will not find and this is no more tha

كُنْتُ حَمَلْتُ مَعِي مَتَاعاً إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَبَارَ عَلَيَّ فَدَخَلْتُ بِهِ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي حَمَلْتُ مَتَاعاً قَدْ بَارَ عَلَيَّ وَ قَدْ عَزَمْتُ عَلَى أَنْ أَصِيرَ إِلَى مِصْرَ فَأَرْكَبُ بَرّاً أَوْ بَحْراً فَقَالَ مِصْرُ الْحُتُوفِ يُقَيَّضُ‌[2] لَهَا أَقْصَرُ النَّاسِ أَعْمَاراً وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا أَجْمَلَ فِي الطَّلَبِ مَنْ رَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ ثُمَّ ق

“I had carried goods with me to Makkah. I faced severe competition there so I went to visit abu al- Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), and told him (the Imam) that I had carried goods to Makkah but I faced competition and I decided to travel to Egypt. Should I travel by land or by sea? He (the Imam) said, ’Egypt is destructive.

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ السَّعَادَةِ الزَّوْجَةُ الْمُؤَاتِيَةُ[1] وَ الْأَوْلَادُ الْبَارُّونَ وَ الرَّجُلُ يُرْزَقُ مَعِيشَتَهُ بِبَلَدِهِ يَغْدُو إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَ يَرُوحُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Three factors help a man enjoy good fortune: One is a cooperating wife, virtuous and kind children, and he finds his living where he lives and is present in his family every morning and evenings.’”

سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَيُّ الْمَالِ خَيْرٌ قَالَ الزَّرْعُ زَرَعَهُ صَاحِبُهُ وَ أَصْلَحَهُ وَ أَدَّى حَقَّهُ يَوْمَ حَصَادِهِ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْمَالِ بَعْدَ الزَّرْعِ خَيْرٌ قَالَ رَجُلٌ فِي غَنَمٍ لَهُ قَدْ تَبِعَ بِهَا مَوَاضِعَ الْقَطْرِ يُقِيمُ‌ الصَّلَاةَ وَ يُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْمَالِ بَعْدَ الْغَنَمِ خَيْرٌ قَالَ الْبَقَرُ تَغْدُو بِخَيْرٍ وَ تَرُوحُ بِخَيْرٍ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْمَالِ بَعْدَ الْبَقَر

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah (sw) was asked, ‘Which assets (belongings) are good?’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘A farm whose owner farms and maintains it, then pays the dues on it on the day of harvest.‘ He then asked, ‘What asset is better than farms?’ He (the Messenger of Allah)

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُزْرَعُ لَهُ الزَّعْفَرَانُ فَيَضْمَنُ لَهُ الْحَرَّاثُ عَلَى أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مَنَا زَعْفَرَانٍ رَطْبٍ مَنًا وَ يُصَالِحُهُ عَلَى الْيَابِسِ وَ الْيَابِسُ إِذَا جُفِّفَ يَنْقُصُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَرْبَاعِهِ وَ يَبْقَى رُبُعُهُ وَ قَدْ جُرِّبَ قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ قُلْتُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ أَمِينٌ يُحْفَظُ بِهِ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ حِفْظَهُ لِأَنَّهُ يُعَالِجُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man for whom saffron was cultivated and the farmers guaranteed to give him one Mann (a certain unit of weight) out of every forty Mann fresh saffron and made a settlement about the dried saffron. Dried saffron reduces by three-fourth from

اكْتَرَيْتُ بَغْلًا إِلَى قَصْرِ ابْنِ هُبَيْرَةَ ذَاهِباً وَ جَائِياً بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ خَرَجْتُ فِي طَلَبِ غَرِيمٍ لِي فَلَمَّا صِرْتُ قُرْبَ قَنْطَرَةِ الْكُوفَةِ خُبِّرْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبِي تَوَجَّهَ إِلَى النِّيلِ فَتَوَجَّهْتُ نَحْوَ النِّيلِ فَلَمَّا أَتَيْتُ النِّيلَ خُبِّرْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبِي تَوَجَّهَ إِلَى بَغْدَادَ فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ وَ ظَفِرْتُ بِهِ وَ فَرَغْتُ مِمَّا بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ وَ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْك

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from abu Wallad al-Hannat who has said the following: “I once rented a mule to Qasr ibn Hubayrah for both ways for so and so much amount. I left in search of my debtor and when I reached near the bridge of al-Kufah, I was informed that my d

مَنْ ضَاقَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَعَاشُ أَوْ قَالَ الرِّزْقُ فَلْيَشْتَرِ صِغَاراً وَ لْيَبِعْ كِبَاراً[3]. - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ ع‌ مَنْ أَعْيَتْهُ الْحِيلَةُ فَلْيُعَالِجِ الْكُرْسُفَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who faces constraint in his living’ -or he (the Imam) said ‘in his sustenance- should buy small ones (of animal) and sell large ones.’” It is also narrated from him (the Imam) that if one’s plans do not work he should work in al-kursuf (a certain kind of fabric).

قُلْتُ لَا أَزَالُ أُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ الْمَالَ فَيَقُولُ قَدْ هَلَكَ أَوْ ذَهَبَ فَمَا عِنْدَكَ حِيلَةٌ تَحْتَالُهَا لِي فَقَالَ أَعْطِ الرَّجُلَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ أَقْرِضْهَا إِيَّاهُ وَ أَعْطِهِ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً يَعْمَلُ بِالْمَالِ كُلِّهِ وَ تَقُولُ هَذَا رَأْسُ مَالِي وَ هَذَا رَأْسُ مَالِكَ فَمَا أَصَبْتَ مِنْهُمَا جَمِيعاً فَهُوَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ فَسَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَا ب

‘I still give goods to this man and he says that it is destroyed or is spent, so what kind of plan can help it?’ He (the planner) said, ‘You can give the man one thousand dirham and give it to him as loan; then give him twenty dirham to work with the asset and say to him, “This is my capital and that is your capital. W

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي اتَّخَذْتُ رَحًى فِيهَا مَجْلِسِي وَ يَجْلِسُ إِلَيَّ فِيهَا أَصْحَابِي فَقَالَ ذَاكَ رِفْقُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌[1].

‘That is a blessing from Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ صَاحِبَتِي هَلَكَتْ وَ كَانَتْ لِي مُوَافِقَةً وَ قَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَتَزَوَّجَ فَقَالَ لِيَ انْظُرْ أَيْنَ تَضَعُ نَفْسَكَ وَ مَنْ تُشْرِكُهُ فِي مَالِكَ وَ تُطْلِعُهُ عَلَى دِينِكَ وَ سِرِّكَ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَا بُدَّ فَاعِلًا فَبِكْراً تُنْسَبُ إِلَى الْخَيْرِ وَ إِلَى حُسْنِ الْخُلُقِ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّهُنَّ كَمَا قَالَ‌ أَلَا إِنَّ النِّسَاءَ خُلِقْنَ شَتَّى‌ فَمِنْهُنَّ الْغَن

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘My wife who lived in complete harmony with me has died and I want to marry.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Think where you want to place yourself and whom you are making your partner in your assets, inform of your religion and secrets. If you must marry find a virgin who is spoken of with

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ خَيْرُ نِسَائِكُمُ الْخَمْسُ‌[1] قِيلَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ مَا الْخَمْسُ قَالَ الْهَيِّنَةُ اللَّيِّنَةُ الْمُؤَاتِيَةُ الَّتِي إِذَا غَضِبَ زَوْجُهَا لَمْ تَكْتَحِلْ بِغُمْضٍ حَتَّى يَرْضَى وَ إِذَا غَابَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا حَفِظَتْهُ فِي غَيْبَتِهِ فَتِلْكَ عَامِلٌ مِنْ عُمَّالِ اللَّهِ وَ عَامِلُ اللَّهِ لَا يَخِيبُ.[2]

‘The best of your women are five.’ It was asked, ‘O ’Amir al-Mu’minin what kind of five are they?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Simple, nice and suitable, when her husband becomes angry, does not neglect him until he is pleased, and when he is absent she protects him in his absence and that is a worker from Allah and the wo

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِشِرَارِ نِسَائِكُمْ الذَّلِيلَةُ فِي أَهْلِهَا الْعَزِيزَةُ مَعَ بَعْلِهَا الْعَقِيمُ الْحَقُودُ الَّتِي لَا تَوَرَّعُ مِنْ قَبِيحٍ الْمُتَبَرِّجَةُ إِذَا غَابَ عَنْهَا بَعْلُهَا الْحَصَانُ مَعَهُ إِذَا حَضَرَ[3] لَا تَسْمَعُ قَوْلَهُ وَ لَا تُطِيعُ أَمْرَهُ وَ إِذَا خَلَا بِهَا بَعْلُهَا تَمَنَّعَتْ مِنْهُ كَمَا تَمَنَّعُ الصَّعْبَةُ عَنْ رُكُوبِهَا ل

‘If you like I can tell you who are of the worst kind of your women. She is the one who is undignified in her family, flattered by her husband, barren, spiteful, who does not abstain from indecency, roams around to show off in the absence of her husband and very reserved when her husband is present. She does not listen

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ خَيْرُ نِسَائِكُمْ نِسَاءُ قُرَيْشٍ أَلْطَفُهُنَّ بِأَزْوَاجِهِنَّ وَ أَرْحَمُهُنَّ بِأَوْلَادِهِنَّ الْمُجُونُ لِزَوْجِهَا[3] الْحَصَانُ لِغَيْرِهِ قُلْنَا وَ مَا الْمُجُونُ قَالَ الَّتِي لَا تَمَنَّعُ.

“‘Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘The best of your women are the women of Quraysh who are very kind to their husbands, most compassionate to their children, al-Majun with her husband

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ تَزَوَّجُوا الْأَبْكَارَ فَإِنَّهُنَّ أَطْيَبُ شَيْ‌ءٍ أَفْوَاهاً وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ وَ أَنْشَفُهُ أَرْحَاماً وَ أَدَرُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ أَخْلَافاً وَ أَفْتَحُ شَيْ‌ءٍ أَرْحَاماً أَ مَا عَلِمْتُمْ أَنِّي أُبَاهِي بِكُمُ الْأُمَمَ- يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّى بِالسِّقْطِ يَظَلُّ مُحْبَنْطِئاً عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ[1] فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ادْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ فَيَقُولُ لَا أَدْخُلُ حَتَّى ي

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Marry virgins; they are of the finest mouth.’ In another Hadith it is said that, their uterus most dry, their posterior most round, and their womb most

أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ص رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَحْمِلُ أَعْظَمَ مَا يَحْمِلُ الرِّجَالُ فَهَلْ يَصْلُحُ لِي أَنْ آتِيَ بَعْضَ مَا لِي مِنَ الْبَهَائِمِ نَاقَةً أَوْ حِمَارَةً فَإِنَّ النِّسَاءَ لَا يَقْوَيْنَ عَلَى مَا عِنْدِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَخْلُقْكَ حَتَّى خَلَقَ لَكَ مَا يَحْتَمِلُكَ مِنْ شَكْلِكَ فَانْصَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ وَ لَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ عَادَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once a man came to the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, I carry the largest thing that man carry, if I can make use of the animals that I own, like a donkey or she-camel, be

سَأَلَ ابْنُ أَبِي الْعَوْجَاءِ هِشَامَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ حَكِيماً قَالَ بَلَى وَ هُوَ أَحْكَمُ الْحَاكِمِينَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- فَانْكِحُوا ما طابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّساءِ مَثْنى‌ وَ ثُلاثَ وَ رُباعَ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا فَواحِدَةً[1] أَ لَيْسَ هَذَا فَرْضاً قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعُوا أَنْ ت

“Once, ibn abu al-‘Awja’ asked Hisham ibn al-Hakam, ’Is not Allah wise?’ Hisham ibn al-Hakam replied, ’Yes, He is. He is the most firm of the judges.’ He (ibn abu al-’Awja’) then asked, ’Tell me about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, “Marry whomever of women you like, two, three or four and if you fear

خَطَبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِهَذِهِ الْخُطْبَةِ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ أَحْمَدُهُ وَ أَسْتَعِينُهُ وَ أَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَ أَسْتَهْدِيهِ وَ أُومِنُ بِهِ وَ أَتَوَكَّلُ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً ص عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ‌ بِالْهُدى‌ وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ* دَلِيلًا عَلَيْهِ وَ دَاعِياً إِلَيْهِ

3. Ahmad ibn ‘Isma’il ibn Mehran has said that narrated to us ‘Abd al-Malik ibn abu al-Harith from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once addressed with the following speech: ‘All praise belongs to Allah, I praise Him, beg assistance from

كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَ قَالَ- الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ أَحْمَدُهُ وَ أَسْتَعِينُهُ وَ أُومِنُ بِهِ وَ أَتَوَكَّلُ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ‌ بِالْهُدى‌ وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ* وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آل

4. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from ibn al-‘Arzamiy from his father who has said the following: “When ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, wanted to solemnize a marriage he would say, ‘All praise belongs to Allah, I praise Him, beg assistance from Him, believe in Him and place my trust with Him and I testify that n

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع يَخْطُبُ بِهَذِهِ الْخُطْبَةِ- الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الْعَالِمِ بِمَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَدِينَ لَهُ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ دَائِنٌ فَاطِرِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ مُؤَلِّفِ الْأَسْبَابِ بِمَا جَرَتْ بِهِ الْأَقْلَامُ وَ مَضَتْ بِهِ الْأَحْتَامُ مِنْ سَابِقِ عِلْمِهِ وَ مُقَدَّرِ حُكْمِهِ أَحْمَدُهُ عَلَى نِعَمِهِ وَ أَعُوذُ بِهِ مِنْ نِقَمِهِ وَ أَسْتَهْدِي اللَّهَ الْهُدَى وَ أَعُوذُ بِ

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from ‘Abd al-‘Azim ibn ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I heard abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, give the following as Khutbah (sermon) when solemnizing a marriage: ‘All praise belongs to Allah who knows what is to come into being be

خَطَبَ الرِّضَا ع هَذِهِ الْخُطْبَةَ- الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي حَمِدَ فِي الْكِتَابِ نَفْسَهُ وَ افْتَتَحَ بِالْحَمْدِ كِتَابَهُ وَ جَعَلَ الْحَمْدَ أَوَّلَ جَزَاءِ مَحَلِّ نِعْمَتِهِ وَ آخِرَ دَعْوَى أَهْلِ جَنَّتِهِ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ شَهَادَةً أُخْلِصُهَا لَهُ وَ أَدَّخِرُهَا عِنْدَهُ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ خَاتَمِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ خَيْرِ الْبَرِيَّةِ وَ

7. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘awiyah ibn Hakim who has said the following: “Al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once read the following as Khutbah (sermon) when solemnizing a marriage: ‘All praise belongs to Allah who has praised Himself in the book and has opened His book with it, has made it the first reward of

لَمَّا أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتَ خُوَيْلِدٍ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ مَعَهُ نَفَرٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى وَرَقَةَ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ عَمِّ خَدِيجَةَ فَابْتَدَأَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ بِالْكَلَامِ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِرَبِّ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ الَّذِي جَعَلَنَا مِنْ زَرْعِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ ذُرِّيَّةِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ أَنْزَلَنَا حَرَماً آمِناً وَ جَعَلَنَا الْحُكَّامَ عَل

9. Certain persons of our people have narrated from Ali ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn Hassan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Kathir who has said the following: “When the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, decided to marry Khadijah daughter of Khuwayli

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ تَصَدَّقَتْ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا بِمَهْرِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهَا بِكُلِّ دِينَارٍ عِتْقَ رَقَبَةٍ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَكَيْفَ بِالْهِبَةِ بَعْدَ الدُّخُولِ قَالَ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْمَوَدَّةِ وَ الْأُلْفَةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘If a woman gives her mahr (dower) as charity to her husband before going to bed with her, Allah writes for her for every dinar freeing of a slave.’ It was ask

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنَ الْماءِ بَشَراً فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَباً وَ صِهْراً[1] فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ آدَمَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ الْعَذْبِ وَ خَلَقَ زَوْجَتَهُ مِنْ سِنْخِهِ فَبَرَأَهَا[2] مِنْ أَسْفَلِ أَضْلَاعِهِ فَجَرَى بِذَلِكَ الضِّلْعِ سَبَبٌ وَ نَسَبٌ ثُمَّ زَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ فَجَرَى بِسَبَبِ ذَلِكَ بَيْنَهُمَا صِهْرٌ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘He is the one who has created human beings from water, then made him into lineage and in-law relationship.’ (25:54) He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah, most High, created Adam from sweet water and He created his spouse of his kind and car

إِذَا اسْتَقْبَلَ الصَّبِيُّ الْقَابِلَةَ بِوَجْهِهِ حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ وَلَدُهَا[1].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If the child feels compassion toward al-Qabilah (special nurse who helps one’s mother during her giving birth and thereafter) she becomes unlawful to him for marriage as well as her children.’”

سُئِلَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَنْكِحُ جَارِيَةَ امْرَأَتِهِ ثُمَّ يَسْأَلُهَا أَنْ تَجْعَلَهُ فِي حِلٍّ فَتَأْبَى فَيَقُولُ إِذاً لَأُطَلِّقَنَّكِ وَ يَجْتَنِبُ فِرَاشَهَا فَتَجْعَلُهُ فِي حِلٍّ فَقَالَ هَذَا غَاصِبٌ فَأَيْنَ هُوَ مِنَ اللُّطْفِ.

And by his chain, from Salih Bin Uqba, from Suleyman Bin Salih, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws , said, ‘He asws was asked about the man who marries a slave girl of his wife. Then he asks her if she (the wife) would make him to be in permissibility (with the slave girl), but she refuses. So he is saying,

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ مَعَهُ أَهْلُهُ فِي السَّفَرِ لَا يَجِدُ الْمَاءَ أَ يَأْتِي أَهْلَهُ قَالَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَخَافَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ‌[1] قَالَ قُلْتُ طَلَبَ بِذَلِكَ اللَّذَّةَ أَوْ يَكُونُ شَبِقاً إِلَى النِّسَاءِ[2] قَالَ إِنَّ الشَّبِقَ يَخَافُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ- قُلْتُ يَطْلُبُ بِذَلِكَ اللَّذَّةَ قَالَ هُوَ حَلَالٌ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ يُرْوَى عَنِ النَّبِيِّ

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who is on a journey with his wife and they cannot find water; if he can go to bed with his wife. He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not like it unless he is afraid for himself.’ I then asked, ‘Is it about the case of seeking to satisfy one’s l

سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ قَدْ أَسْنَنْتُ وَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً بِكْراً صَغِيرَةً وَ لَمْ أَدْخُلْ بِهَا وَ أَنَا أَخَافُ أَنَّهَا إِذَا دَخَلَتْ عَلَيَّ تَرَانِي أَنْ تَكْرَهَنِي لِخِضَابِي وَ كِبَرِي فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِذَا دَخَلَتْ فَمُرْهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَصِلَ إِلَيْكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مُتَوَضِّئَةً ثُمَّ أَنْتَ لَا تَصِلُ إِلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَوَضَّ

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa and A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘ Abd Allah from ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih from abu Basir who has said the following: “I heard a man saying to abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service f

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِذَا أَرَادَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ فَلْيَقُلْ أَقْرَرْتُ بِالْمِيثَاقِ الَّذِي أَخَذَ اللَّهُ إِمْسَاكٌ‌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسانٍ‌

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘When a man wants to marry a woman he should say, “I authenticate my covenant with Allah which is: “maintain in a reasonable way or allow to go with kindness.” (2:229)’”

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جَالِساً فَذَكَرَ شِرْكَ الشَّيْطَانِ فَعَظَّمَهُ حَتَّى أَفْزَعَنِي قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَمَا الْمَخْرَجُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ الْجِمَاعَ فَقُلْ‌ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ* الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ بَدِيعُ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ* اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ قَضَيْتَ مِنِّي فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ خَلِيفَةً فَلَا تَجْعَلْ لِلشَّيْطَانِ فِيهِ شِرْكاً وَ لَا نَ

“I once was with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He (the Imam) mentioned Satan and called him greatly dangerous so much so that it frightened me and I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what is the way out from it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When you decide to go to bed with your wife say, “In the name

جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَنْ تُطِيعَهُ وَ لَا تَعْصِيَهُ وَ لَا تَصَدَّقَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ لَا تَصُومَ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ لَا تَمْنَعَهُ نَفْسَهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَى ظَهْرِ قَتَبٍ‌[1] وَ لَا تَخْرُجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ إِنْ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ لَعَنَتْ

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that once a woman came to the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and asked, ‘What is the right of husband on a woman?’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said to her, ‘She must yield to and obey him and must not oppose and d

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص النِّسَاءَ فَقَالَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ النِّسَاءِ تَصَدَّقْنَ وَ لَوْ مِنْ حُلِيِّكُنَّ وَ لَوْ بِتَمْرَةٍ وَ لَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ فَإِنَّ أَكْثَرَكُنَّ حَطَبُ جَهَنَّمَ إِنَّكُنَّ تُكْثِرْنَ اللَّعْنَ وَ تَكْفُرْنَ الْعَشِيرَةَ[1] فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ لَهَا عَقْلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَيْسَ نَحْنُ الْأُمَّهَاتُ الْحَامِلَاتُ الْمُرْضِ

‘O the community of women, you must give charity even if it is from your jewelries, a date or a piece of a date because the majority of you will be the fuel for the fire of hell if you frequently abuse and curse your associate (husband).’ A woman from banu Salim who had reason said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, we are mother

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَنْ أَطَاعَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَكَبَّهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فِي النَّارِ قِيلَ وَ مَا تِلْكَ الطَّاعَةُ قَالَ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ الذَّهَابَ إِلَى الْحَمَّامَاتِ وَ الْعُرُسَاتِ وَ الْعِيدَاتِ وَ النِّيَاحَاتِ وَ الثِّيَابَ الرِّقَاقَ‌[2].

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Whoever obeys his woman Allah th

فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ الْقَواعِدُ مِنَ النِّساءِ اللَّاتِي لا يَرْجُونَ نِكاحاً مَا الَّذِي يَصْلُحُ لَهُنَّ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِنَّ قَالَ الْجِلْبَابُ.

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘Of the rules for women whose marriage age has expired,’ and that what kind of their garments is proper to leave aside?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is just the gown.’”