The Chapter on Obligatory Prayers

قَالَ زُرَارَةُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ‌ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع- أَخْبِرْنِي عَمَّا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ قَالَ خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ قُلْتُ لَهُ هَلْ سَمَّاهُنَّ اللَّهُ وَ بَيَّنَهُنَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ ص- أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ‌ إِلى‌ غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ‌ وَ دُلُوكُهَا زَوَالُهَا فَفِيمَا بَيْنَ دُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِل

Hadith.600 – Zurarah ibn A'yan said: I asked Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) to inform me of what Allah (swt), the Exalted, has made obligatory regarding prayers." Imam (as) replied: "Five prayers in the night and day." I asked him, "Did Allah (swt) name them and clarify them in His Book?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, All

فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- إِنَّ الصَّلاةَ كانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ

وَ قَالَ ع‌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص- لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِهِ أَمَرَهُ رَبُّهُ بِخَمْسِينَ صَلَاةً فَمَرَّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّينَ نَبِيٍّ نَبِيٍّ لَا يَسْأَلُونَهُ عَنْ شَيْ‌ءٍ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ ع فَقَالَ بِأَيِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ أَمَرَكَ رَبُّكَ فَقَالَ بِخَمْسِينَ صَلَاةً فَقَالَ اسْأَلْ رَبَّكَ التَّخْفِيفَ فَإِنَّ أُمَّتَكَ لَا تُطِيقُ ذَلِكَ فَسَأَلَ رَبَّهُ فَحَطَّ عَنْهُ عَشْراً ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِالنَّبِ

Hadith.602 - Imam (as) said: "When the Messenger of Allah (sw), was taken on the Night Journey (Miraj), his Lord (azj) commanded him with fifty prayers. As he passed by each of the prophets, none of them asked him anything until he reached Musa ibn Imran (as). Musa (as) asked: 'What did your Lord (azj) command you?' He

سَأَلْتُ أَبِي سَيِّدَ اَلْعَابِدِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَبَتِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ جَدِّنَا رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمَّا عُرِجَ بِهِ إِلَى اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ أَمَرَهُ رَبُّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِخَمْسِينَ صَلاَةً كَيْفَ لَمْ يَسْأَلْهُ اَلتَّخْفِيفَ عَنْ أُمَّتِهِ حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اِرْجِعْ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَاسْأَلْهُ اَلتَّخْفِيفَ فَإِن

"I asked my father, the Master of the Worshippers (Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as)), saying, 'O’ my father, inform me about our grandfather, the Messenger of Allah (sw), when he was taken up to the heavens and his Lord (azj) commanded him with fifty prayers. Why did he not ask for a reduction for his community until Musa

وَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: « «مَنْ كٰانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَ اَلْيَوْمِ اَلْآخِرِ» فَلاَ يَبِيتَنَّ إِلاَّ بِوَتْرٍ.

Hadith.604 The Prophet, said: "Whoever believes in Allah (swt) and the Last Day should not sleep except in a state of Witr (having performed the Witr prayer)”.

وَ قَالَ زُرَارَةُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ كَانَ الَّذِي فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ عَشْرَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ فِيهِنَّ الْقِرَاءَةُ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِنَّ وَهْمٌ يَعْنِي سَهْوٌ فَزَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَبْعاً وَ فِيهِنَّ السَّهْوُ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِنَّ الْقِرَاءَةُ[3] فَمَنْ شَكَّ فِي الْأَوَّلَتَيْنِ أَعَادَ- حَتَّى يَحْفَظَ وَ يَكُونَ عَلَى يَقِينٍ وَ مَنْ شَكَّ فِي الْأَخِيرَتَيْنِ عَمِلَ بِ

Hadith.605 - Zurarah ibn A'yan narrated that Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "What Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, initially made obligatory upon His servants were ten rak'ahs (units of prayer), in which there is recitation and no room for doubt (meaning no room for forgetfulness or error). The Messenge

وَ قَالَ زُرَارَةُ وَ الْفُضَيْلُ‌ قُلْنَا لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ رَأَيْتَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- إِنَّ الصَّلاةَ كانَتْ‌ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتاباً مَوْقُوتاً قَالَ يَعْنِي كِتَاباً مَفْرُوضاً وَ لَيْسَ يَعْنِي وَقْتَ فَوْتِهَا إِنْ جَازَ ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتَ ثُمَّ صَلَّاهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ صَلَاةً مُؤَدَّاةً[1] وَ لَوْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَذَلِكَ لَهَلَكَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- حِينَ صَلَّاهَا بِغ

Hadith.606 – Zurarah and Al-Fudail said: "We asked Abu Ja'far (Imam al-Baqir (as)) about the statement of Allah (swt), the Mighty Majestic: 'Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers a timed decree' (Surah An-Nisa 4:103). Imam (as) replied: "It means that it is an obligatory decree (prescribed prayer) and does

إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ ع عُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ بِالْعَشِيِّ الْخَيْلُ فَاشْتَغَلَ بِالنَّظَرِ إِلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَوَارَتِ الشَّمْسُ بِالْحِجَابِ فَقَالَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ رُدُّوا الشَّمْسَ عَلَيَّ حَتَّى أُصَلِّيَ صَلَاتِي فِي وَقْتِهَا[2] فَرَدُّوهَا فَقَامَ فَمَسَحَ سَاقَيْهِ وَ عُنُقَهُ وَ أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ الَّذِينَ فَاتَتْهُمُ الصَّلَاةُ مَعَهُ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ وُضُوءَهُمْ لِلصَّلَاةِ

Hadith.607 - It is narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "One afternoon, horses were presented before Sulayman ibn Dawud (Solomon (as)), and he became preoccupied with viewing them until the sun set behind the veil (of night). He then said to the angels, 'Return the sun to me so that I may p

وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى رَدَّ الشَّمْسَ عَلَى يُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونٍ وَصِيِّ مُوسَى ع حَتَّى صَلَّى الصَّلَاةَ الَّتِي فَاتَتْهُ فِي وَقْتِهَا.

Hadith.608 - It is reported: "Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, returned the sun for Yusha' ibn Nun (Joshua), the successor of Musa (as), so that he could perform the prayer that he had missed within its proper time."

وَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «يَكُونُ فِي هَذِهِ اَلْأُمَّةِ كُلُّ مَا كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَذْوَ اَلنَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ وَ حَذْوَ اَلْقُذَّةِ بِالْقُذَّةِ.

Hadith.609 - The Prophet, said: "In this Ummah, there will be everything that occurred in the Children of Israel, step by step and inch by inch”.

اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً كَانَ فِي طَاعَتِكَ وَ طَاعَةِ رَسُولِكَ فَارْدُدْ عَلَيْهِ الشَّمْسَ- قَالَتْ أَسْمَاءُ فَرَأَيْتُهَا وَ اللَّهِ غَرَبَتْ ثُمَّ طَلَعَتْ بَعْدَ مَا غَرَبَتْ وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ جَبَلٌ وَ لَا أَرْضٌ إِلَّا طَلَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى قَامَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَتَوَضَّأَ وَ صَلَّى ثُمَّ غَرَبَتْ‌[2]. وَ أَمَّا بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَإِنَّهُ.

As for during His days: Hadith.610 - It is narrated from Asma bint Umais that She said: "One day, while the Messenger of Allah (sw) was resting with his head in the lap of Ali (as), the Asr prayer passed, and the sun had set. The Prophet (sw) said: 'O’ Allah (swt), Ali was engaged in obedience to You and Your Messenger

أَقْبَلْنَا مَعَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ‌ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع مِنْ قَتْلِ الْخَوَارِجِ حَتَّى إِذَا قَطَعْنَا فِي أَرْضِ بَابِلَ-[1] حَضَرَتْ صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ فَنَزَلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ نَزَلَ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ هَذِهِ أَرْضٌ مَلْعُونَةٌ قَدْ عُذِّبَتْ فِي الدَّهْرِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَ هِيَ تَتَوَقَّعُ الثَّالِثَةَ وَ هِيَ إِحْدَى الْم

As for after the death of the Prophet: Hadith.611 - It was narrated from Juwayriyah ibn Mus-hir that He said: "We were coming with The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), from the battle with the Khawarij. When we reached the land of Babil (Babylon), the time for Asr prayer approached. The Commander

وَ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ لِلصَّادِقِ ع‌ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْفَرَائِضِ الَّتِي فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ مَا هِيَ قَالَ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ إِقَامُ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ وَ إِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَ حِجُّ الْبَيْتِ- وَ صِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ الْوَلَايَةُ فَمَنْ أَقَامَهُنَّ وَ سَدَّدَ وَ قَارَبَ وَ اجْتَنَبَ ك

Hadith.612 - Sulayman ibn Khalid said to Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "May I be your ransom! Inform me about the obligations that Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, has imposed upon the servants." Imam (as) replied: "Testifying that there is no god but Allah (swt) and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Alla

وَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ مَا يَتَوَسَّلُ بِهِ الْمُتَوَسِّلُونَ الْإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ كَلِمَةُ الْإِخْلَاصِ فَإِنَّهَا الْفِطْرَةُ وَ إِقَامُ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّهَا الْمِلَّةُ وَ إِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ الصَّوْمُ فَإِنَّهُ جُنَّةٌ مِنْ عَذَابِهِ وَ حِجُّ الْبَيْتِ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْفَاةٌ لِلْف

Hadith.613 - The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say: "The best means by which those seeking nearness (to Allah (swt)) may draw near are; Faith in Allah (swt) and His Messenger, Striving in the way of Allah (swt), Word of sincerity (testifying that there is no god but Allah (swt)), for it

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ- إِذَا جِئْتَ بِالْخَمْسِ الصَّلَوَاتِ لَمْ تُسْأَلْ عَنْ صَلَاةٍ وَ إِذَا جِئْتَ بِصَوْمِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ تُسْأَلْ عَنْ صَوْمٍ.

I heard Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) say: "If you perform the five daily prayers, you will not be questioned about any other prayer, and if you observe the fast of the month of Ramadan, you will not be questioned about any other fasting."

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فَبَدَأَنِي فَقَالَ إِذَا لَقِيتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِالصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ لَمْ يَسْأَلْكَ عَمَّا سِوَاهُنَ‌[5].

Hadith.615 - It is narrated from 'Aidh al-Amasi that He said: "I entered upon Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) with the intention of asking him about prayer. Imam (as) began speaking before I could ask and said: 'If you meet Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, with the five daily prayers, He will not ask you abo

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا بَالُ الزَّانِي لَا تُسَمِّيهِ كَافِراً وَ تَارِكُ الصَّلَاةِ تُسَمِّيهِ كَافِراً وَ مَا الْحُجَّةُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِأَنَّ الزَّانِيَ وَ مَا أَشْبَهَهُ إِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ لِمَكَانِ الشَّهْوَةِ لِأَنَّهَا تَغْلِبُهُ وَ تَارِكُ الصَّلَاةِ لَا يَتْرُكُهَا إِلَّا اسْتِخْفَافاً بِهَا وَ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّكَ لَا تَجِدُ الزَّانِيَ يَأْتِي الْمَرْأَةَ إِلَّا وَ هُوَ مُسْتَلِذٌّ لِإِتْي

Hadith.616 - It is narrated from Mas'adah ibn Sadaqah that He said: "Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked: 'Why do you not call a fornicator (Zani) a disbeliever, but you do call someone who abandons prayer a disbeliever? What is the reasoning behind this?' Imam (as) said: 'The fornicator and others like him

لَيْسَ مِنِّي مَنِ اسْتَخَفَّ بِصَلَاتِهِ لَا يَرِدُ عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَيْسَ مِنِّي مَنْ شَرِبَ مُسْكِراً لَا يَرِدُ عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ

إِنَّ شَفَاعَتَنَا لَا تَنَالُ مُسْتَخِفّاً بِالصَّلَاةِ

مَنِ اتَّقَى عَلَى ثَوْبِهِ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلَيْسَ لِلَّهِ اكْتَسَى[2]

فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الصَّلَاةَ وَ سَنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَشَرَةَ أَوْجُهٍ صَلَاةَ السَّفَرِ وَ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ وَ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَوْجُهٍ وَ صَلَاةَ كُسُوفِ الشَّمْسِ وَ الْقَمَرِ وَ صَلَاةَ الْعِيدَيْنِ وَ صَلَاةَ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ وَ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ.

Hadith.620 – Zurarah narrated from Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that He said: "Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, made prayer obligatory, and the Messenger of Allah (sw) established it in ten forms: the prayer during travel, the prayer while residing, the prayer of fear in three forms, the prayer during the e

السُّجُودُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ فَرِيضَةٌ وَ عَلَى غَيْرِ الْأَرْضِ سُنَّةٌ[1]