إِذَا تَطَوَّقَ الْهِلَالُ فَهُوَ لِلَيْلَتَيْنِ[4] وَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ ظِلَّ رَأْسِكَ فِيهِ فَهُوَ لِثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ.
"If the crescent appears surrounded by a halo, it is for two nights. If you can see the shadow of your head in it, it is for three nights."
إِذَا غَابَ الْهِلَالُ قَبْلَ الشَّفَقِ فَهُوَ لِلَيْلَةٍ وَ إِذَا غَابَ بَعْدَ الشَّفَقِ فَهُوَ لِلَيْلَتَيْنِ.
"If the crescent sets before twilight, it is for one night. If it sets after twilight, it is for two nights."
إِذَا صَحَّ هِلَالُ رَجَبٍ فَعُدَّ تِسْعَةً وَ خَمْسِينَ يَوْماً وَ صُمْ يَوْمَ السِّتِّينَ[1]
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا صُمْتَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فِي الْعَامِ الْمَاضِي فِي يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَعُدَّ فِي الْعَامِ الْمُسْتَقْبَلِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ خَمْسَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ صُمْ يَوْمَ الْخَامِسِ[2].
Hadith.1919 - Imam (as) said: "If you fasted the Month of Ramadan on a specific day in the previous year, then in the following year count five days from that day and fast on the fifth day."
قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَسَرَتْهُ الرُّومُ وَ لَمْ يَصْحُ لَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ لَمْ يَدْرِ أَيُّ شَهْرٍ هُوَ قَالَ يَصُومُ شَهْراً يَتَوَخَّى وَ يَحْسُبُ فَإِنْ كَانَ الشَّهْرُ الَّذِي صَامَهُ قَبْلَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ يُجْزِئْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَجْزَأَهُ[1].
Hadith.1920 - Aban ibn Uthman narrated from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah, from Abu Abdullah (as): I asked him about a man who was captured by the Romans and did not know when the Month of Ramadan occurred. Imam (as) said: "He should fast for a month, making an effort to estimate and calculate. If the month he fasted
نَعَمْ[2].
Hadith.1921 - Al-'Is ibn al-Qasim asked Imam (as) about a situation where a group of people all see the crescent and agree that it is for two nights. Imam (as) said: "Yes, it is permissible."
لَأَنْ أَصُومَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ[3].
لِأَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: لَأَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ- أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَصُومَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَزِيدُهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ[1].
صُمْهُ[2] فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ كَانَ تَطَوُّعاً وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَيَوْمٌ وُفِّقْتَ لَهُ.
Hadith.1924 - Bashir al-Nabbal asked Abu Abdullah (as) about fasting on the day of doubt. Imam (as) said: "Fast it. If it turns out to be from Sha'ban, it is a voluntary fast, and if it turns out to be from Month of Ramadan, then it is a day you were fortunate to have fasted."
إِنِّي جَعَلْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ أَصُومَ حَتَّى يَقُومَ اَلْقَائِمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ «لاَ تَصُمْ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ وَ لاَ فِي اَلْعِيدَيْنِ وَ لاَ فِي أَيَّامِ اَلتَّشْرِيقِ وَ لاَ اَلْيَوْمِ اَلَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ ».
Hadith.1925 - Abd al-Karim ibn Amr asked Imam (as): "I have made a vow upon myself to fast until the Qa'im (as) rises." Imam (as) said: "Do not fast during travel, on the two Eids, on the days of Tashriq, or on the day of doubt."
كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يَشُكُّ فِيهِ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ اذْهَبْ فَانْظُرْ أَ صَامَ الْأَمِيرُ[6] أَمْ لَا فَذَهَبَ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَالَ لَا فَدَعَا بِالْغَدَاءِ فَتَغَدَّيْنَا مَعَهُ.
"I was with Abu Abdullah (as) on the day when people were uncertain (whether it was the first of Month of Ramadan or not). Imam (as) said: 'O boy, go and see whether the Amir (ruler) has fasted or not.' The boy went and returned, saying: ''No, he has not fasted.' Then Imam (as) called for lunch, and we ate with him."
لَوْ قُلْتُ إِنَّ تَارِكَ التَّقِيَّةِ كَتَارِكِ الصَّلَاةِ لَكُنْتُ صَادِقاً
وَ قَالَ ع لَا دِينَ لِمَنْ لَا تَقِيَّةَ لَهُ[1].
Hadith.1928 - Imam (as) said: "There is no religion for the one who has no taqiyyah (dissimulation)."
سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ الصَّوْمُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ الْفِطْرُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ صَامَ قَبْلَ الرُّؤْيَةِ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ[2] وَ أَفْطَرَ قَبْلَ الرُّؤْيَةِ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَرَى فِي صَوْمِ يَوْمِ الشَّكِّ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَأَنْ أَصُومَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ م
"I heard al-Ridha (as) say: 'Fasting is based on the sighting [of the crescent], and breaking the fast is based on the sighting [of the crescent]. Whoever fasts before sighting the crescent for the sake of sighting, or breaks the fast before sighting the crescent for the sake of sighting, is not one of us.'" I said to
لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَصُومَ إِلَّا مَا أَسْلَمَ فِيهِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ مَا قَدْ مَضَى مِنْهُ[3].
Hadith.1930 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a man who converted to Islam in the middle of the Month of Ramadan: What is required of him in terms of fasting? Imam (as) said: "He is only required to fast the days remaining from when he became Muslim, and he is not obligated to make up the days tha
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْمٍ أَسْلَمُوا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَدْ مَضَى مِنْهُ أَيَّامٌ هَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَصُومُوا مَا مَضَى مِنْهُ أَوْ يَوْمَهُمُ الَّذِي أَسْلَمُوا فِيهِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَضَاءٌ وَ لَا يَوْمُهُمُ الَّذِي أَسْلَمُوا فِيهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونُوا أَسْلَمُوا فِيهِ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ[1].
"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who converted to Islam during the Month of Ramadan after some days had passed. Are they required to fast the days that have passed, or the day they embraced Islam? Imam (as) said: 'They are not required to make up the missed days or to fast on the day they embraced Isl
قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : «إِذَا غَابَ اَلْقُرْصُ أَفْطَرَ اَلصَّائِمُ وَ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ اَلصَّلاَةِ.
Hadith.1932 - Amru ibn Shimr narrated from Jabir, from Abu Ja'far (as), who said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "When the disk of the sun disappears, the fasting person may break their fast, and the time for prayer begins."
إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ يَخْشَى أَنْ يَحْبِسَهُمْ عَنْ عَشَائِهِمْ فَلْيُفْطِرْ مَعَهُمْ[5] وَ إِنْ
Hadith.1933 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about breaking the fast before or after prayer. Imam (as) said: "If he is with a group and fears delaying their dinner, let him break his fast with them. Otherwise, let him pray first, then break his fast."
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ مَتَى يَحْرُمُ الطَّعَامُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ وَ تَحِلُّ الصَّلَاةُ صَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ لِي إِذَا اعْتَرَضَ الْفَجْرُ فَكَانَ كَالْقُبْطِيَّةِ[1] الْبَيْضَاءِ فَثَمَّ يَحْرُمُ الطَّعَامُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ وَ تَحِلُّ الصَّلَاةُ صَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ قُلْتُ أَ فَلَسْنَا فِي وَقْتٍ إِلَى أَنْ يَطْلُعَ شُعَاعُ الشَّمْسِ قَالَ هَيْهَاتَ أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ بِكَ تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الصِّبْيَان
"I asked Abu Abdullah (as), 'When does food become forbidden for the fasting person, and when does the time for the Fajr prayer begin?' Imam (as) said to me: 'When the dawn spreads and appears like a white cloth, at that point food becomes forbidden for the fasting person, and the time for the Fajr prayer begins.' I sa
نَزَلَتْ فِي خَوَّاتِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِ[4] وَ كَانَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص فِي الْخَنْدَقِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ وَ أَمْسَى عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ وَ كَانُوا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ إِذَا نَامَ أَحَدُهُمْ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ الطَّعَامُ- فَجَاءَ خَوَّاتٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ حِينَ أَمْسَى فَقَالَ عِنْدَكُمْ طَعَامٌ فَقَالُوا لَا تَنَمْ[1] حَتَّى نَصْنَعَ لَكَ طَعَاماً فَاتَّكَى فَنَامَ قَالُوا قَدْ فَعَلْتَ قَالَ
Hadith.1935 - Abu Basir narrated from one of the Imams (as) regarding the verse of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "And eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct to you from the black thread of dawn" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187). Imam (as) said: "This verse was revealed about Khawwat ibn Jubayr al-Ansari. He was with
وَ سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنِ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ بَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ مِنْ سَوَادِ اللَّيْلِ[2].
Hadith.1936 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the verse: "The white thread becomes distinct from the black thread of dawn" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187). Imam (as) said: "It is the whiteness of the day separating from the darkness of the night."
وَ قَالَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ وَ هُوَ الْفَجْرُ الَّذِي لَا شَكَّ فِيهِ.
Hadith.1937 - In another narration, Imam (as) said: "It is the dawn about which there is no doubt."
أَحَدُهُمَا هُوَ ذَا وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ مَا أَرَى شَيْئاً قَالَ فَلْيَأْكُلِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَتَبَيَّنْ لَهُ الْفَجْرُ وَ لْيَشْرَبْ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- وَ كُلُوا وَ اشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيامَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ قَالَ سَمَاعَةُ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَكَلَ وَ شَرِبَ بَعْدَ مَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فِي شَه
Hadith.1938 - Sama'ah ibn Mihran asked Imam (as) about two men who rose to check for dawn. One of them said, "There it is," while the other said, "I do not see anything." Imam (as) said: "The one who does not see the dawn clearly may eat and drink because Allah (swt), the Exalted, says: 'And eat and drink until the whi
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَرَجَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ يَتَسَحَّرُونَ فِي بَيْتٍ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْفَجْرِ فَنَادَاهُمْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فَكَفَّ بَعْضٌ وَ ظَنَّ بَعْضٌ أَنَّهُ يَسْخَرُ فَأَكَلَ فَقَالَ يُتِمُّ وَ يَقْضِي[3].
"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who, during the Month of Ramadan, went out while his companions were taking suhoor (pre-dawn meal) in a house. He saw the dawn and called out to them, saying that the dawn had risen. Some of them stopped eating, while others thought he was joking and continued to eat. Imam (as) sa
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع آمُرُ الْجَارِيَةَ لِتَنْظُرَ إِلَى الْفَجْرِ فَتَقُولُ لَمْ يَطْلُعْ بَعْدُ فَآكُلُ ثُمَّ أَنْظُرُ فَأَجِدُهُ قَدْ كَانَ طَلَعَ حِينَ نَظَرَتْ[1] قَالَ اقْضِهِ أَمَا إِنَّكَ لَوْ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي نَظَرْتَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ.
"I asked Abu Abdullah (as): 'I instruct a servant girl to check for the dawn, and she tells me that it has not risen yet, so I eat. Then I check and find that it had actually risen when she looked.' Imam (as) said: 'Make up that day. However, if you had been the one to check and it happened, there would be nothing upon
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا حَدُّ الْمَرَضِ الَّذِي يُفْطِرُ فِيهِ الصَّائِمُ وَ يَدَعُ الصَّلَاةَ مِنْ قِيَامٍ فَقَالَ بَلِ الْإِنْسانُ عَلى نَفْسِهِ بَصِيرَةٌ وَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يُطِيقُهُ.
"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the extent of illness that permits a fasting person to break their fast and to pray sitting instead of standing. Imam (as) said: 'Indeed, man is a witness over himself' (Surah Al-Qiyamah 75:14), and he knows best what he can bear."
حُمِمْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ يَوْماً فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِقَصْعَةٍ فِيهَا خَلٌّ وَ زَيْتٌ وَ قَالَ لِي أَفْطِرْ وَ صَلِّ وَ أَنْتَ قَاعِدٌ.
"I became feverish one day in Medina during the Month of Ramadan. Abu Abdullah (as) sent me a dish containing vinegar and oil and said to me: 'Break your fast and pray while sitting.'"
سَأَلَهُ أَبِي وَ أَنَا أَسْمَعُ عَنْ حَدِّ الْمَرَضِ الَّذِي يَتْرُكُ الْإِنْسَانُ فِيهِ الصَّوْمَ قَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يَتَسَحَّرَ[3].
Hadith.1943 - Bakr ibn Muhammad al-Azdi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "My father asked him while I was listening about the extent of illness that permits a person to leave fasting. Imam (as) said: 'When they are unable to take suhoor (the pre-dawn meal).'"
اشْتَكَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَيْنَهَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَأَمَرَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ تُفْطِرَ وَ قَالَ عَشَاءُ اللَّيْلِ لِعَيْنَيْكِ رَدِيٌ[4].
"Umm Salama (may Allah (swt) be pleased with her) complained of an issue with her eye during the Month of Ramadan. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) instructed her to break her fast and said: 'The nourishment of the night is restorative for your eyes.'"
الصَّائِمُ إِذَا خَافَ عَلَى عَيْنَيْهِ مِنَ الرَّمَدِ أَفْطَرَ.
Hadith.1945 - In the narration of Hariz from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "A fasting person, if they fear harm to their eyes due to an eye infection, may break their fast."
وَ قَالَ ع كُلُّ مَا أَضَرَّ بِهِ الصَّوْمُ فَالْإِفْطَارُ لَهُ وَاجِبٌ.
Hadith.1946 - Imam (as) said: "Anything that harms a person due to fasting makes breaking the fast obligatory for them."
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ الشَّيْخُ الْكَبِيرُ وَ الَّذِي بِهِ الْعُطَاشُ لَا حَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يُفْطِرَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ يَتَصَدَّقَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ لَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِمَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرَا فَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِمَا[1].
"I heard Abu Ja'far (as) say: 'An elderly person and one suffering from chronic thirst are not at fault if they break their fast during the Month of Ramadan. Each of them should give a mudd (a specific measure) of food as charity for each day, and there is no obligation to make up the fast. If they cannot afford this,
يَشْرَبُ بِقَدْرِ مَا يُمْسِكُ رَمَقَهُ وَ لَا يَشْرَبُ حَتَّى يَرْوَى[2].
Hadith.1948 - Ammar ibn Musa narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who becomes so thirsty that he fears for his life. Imam (as) said: "He may drink just enough to sustain himself and prevent collapse, but he should not drink until he is fully satisfied."
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ
Hadith.1949 - In the narration of Ibn Bukayr, it is reported that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the verse of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "And upon those who can fast with difficulty, there is a ransom: the feeding of a poor person" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:184). Imam (as) said: "[This applies] to those
سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ الْحَامِلُ الْمُقْرِبُ وَ الْمُرْضِعُ الْقَلِيلَةُ اللَّبَنِ لَا حَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ تُفْطِرَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِأَنَّهُمَا لَا تُطِيقَانِ الصَّوْمَ وَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ تَتَصَدَّقَ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ تُفْطِرُ فِيهِ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ عَلَيْهِمَا قَضَاءُ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ أَفْطَرَا فِيهِ ثُمَّ تَقْضِيَانِهِ بَعْدُ.
"I heard him say: 'A pregnant woman in her late term and a nursing woman with little milk are not at fault if they break their fast during the Month of Ramadan because they are unable to fast. They must each give a mudd (a specific measure) of food as charity for every day they break their fast, and they must make up e
يَتَصَدَّقُ عَنْ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ.
Hadith.1951 - Abd al-Malik ibn Utbah al-Hashimi asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about an elderly man and an elderly woman who are too weak to fast during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "They should give a mudd (a specific measure) of wheat as charity for each day."
مَنْ فَطَّرَ صَائِماً فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ مِثْلُهُ.
"Whoever provides iftar to a fasting person will have a reward equal to that of the fasting person."
دَخَلَ سَدِيرٌ عَلَى أَبِي ع فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا سَدِيرُ هَلْ تَدْرِي أَيُّ لَيَالٍ هَذِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ نَعَمْ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ لَيَالِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَمَا ذَاكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي أَ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ تُعْتِقَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ اللَّيَالِي عَشْرَ رِقَابٍ مِنْ وُلْدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَقَالَ لَهُ سَدِيرٌ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي لَا يَبْلُغُ مَالِي ذَاكَ فَمَا زَالَ يَنْقُصُ
تَفْطِيرُكَ أَخَاكَ الصَّائِمَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِكَ.
Hadith.1954 - Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Abu al-Hasan (as) that he said: "Providing iftar to your fasting brother is more virtuous than your own fasting."
هَاتُوا الْقِصَاعَ[1] اغْرِفُوا لآِلِ فُلَانٍ اغْرِفُوا لآِلِ فُلَانٍ ثُمَّ يُؤْتَى بِخُبْزٍ وَ تَمْرٍ فَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ عَشَاءَهُ[2].
Hadith.1955 - Imam Zain al-Abidin Ali ibn al-Hussein (as) would, on the day he fasted, order a sheep to be slaughtered, its parts to be cut, and then cooked. When it was evening, he would lean over the pots to smell the aroma of the broth while still fasting. Then Imam (as) would say: "Bring the dishes and serve portio
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص[3] مَنْ فَطَّرَ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ مُؤْمِناً صَائِماً كَانَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ وَ مَغْفِرَةٌ لِمَا مَضَى مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَيْسَ كُلُّنَا نَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ نُفَطِّرَ صَائِماً فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَرِيمٌ يُعْطِي هَذَا الثَّوَابَ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ إِلَّا عَلَى مَذْقَةٍ[4] مِنْ لَبَنٍ يُفَط
Hadith.1956 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever provides iftar to a believing fasting person during this month will have, for that act, the reward of freeing a slave and forgiveness for their past sins from Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious." It was said to Him (sw): "O Messenger of Alla
السَّحُورُ بَرَكَةٌ وَ قَالَ ع لَا تَدَعْ أُمَّتِيَ السَّحُورَ وَ لَوْ عَلَى حَشَفَةِ تَمْرٍ[5]
أَمَّا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنَّ الْفَضْلَ فِي السَّحُورِ وَ لَوْ بِشَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ وَ أَمَّا فِي التَّطَوُّعِ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَتَسَحَّرَ فَلْيَفْعَلْ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
Hadith.1958 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about suhoor for someone intending to fast. Imam (as) said: "As for the Month of Ramadan, it is recommended to have suhoor, even if it is just a sip of water. As for voluntary fasting, whoever wishes to have suhoor may do so, and whoever does not, there is no harm."
لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ لَا يَتَسَحَّرَ إِنْ شَاءَ فَأَمَّا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ أَنْ يَتَسَحَّرَ أُحِبُ[2] أَنْ لَا يَتْرُكَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ.
Hadith.1959 - Abu Basir asked Imam (as) about suhoor for someone intending to fast, saying, "Is it obligatory?" Imam (as) replied: "There is no harm if one does not have suhoor if they wish. However, in the Month of Ramadan, it is better to have suhoor. I prefer that it not be abandoned in the Month of Ramadan."
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص تَعَاوَنُوا بِأَكْلِ السَّحُورِ عَلَى صِيَامِ النَّهَارِ وَ بِالنَّوْمِ عِنْدَ الْقَيْلُولَةِ عَلَى قِيَامِ اللَّيْلِ.
Hadith.1960 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Strengthen yourselves for the fasting of the day by eating suhoor, and for the night prayer by taking a nap during the midday rest (qaylulah)."
«إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى اَلْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ وَ اَلْمُتَسَحِّرِينَ بِالْأَسْحَارِ فَلْيَتَسَحَّرْ أَحَدُكُمْ وَ لَوْ بِشَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ.
Hadith.1961 - It is narrated from Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) that the Prophet (sw) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, and His angels send blessings upon those who seek forgiveness and those who partake in suhoor during the pre-dawn hours. S
وَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ الصَّادِقَ ع فَقَالَ: آكُلُ وَ أَنَا أَشُكُّ فِي الْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ كُلْ حَتَّى لَا تَشُكَّ.
Hadith.1962 - A man asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), "I eat while I am unsure if dawn has risen." Imam (as) replied: "Eat until you are no longer in doubt."
وَ قَالَ ع لَوْ أَنَّ النَّاسَ تَسَحَّرُوا ثُمَّ لَمْ يُفْطِرُوا إِلَّا عَلَى الْمَاءِ لَقَدَرُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَصُومُوا الدَّهْرَ.
Hadith.1963 - Imam (as) said: "If people were to partake in suhoor and then break their fast only with water, they would be able to fast continuously throughout the year."
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِنَ النَّافِلَةِ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ بِدْعَةٌ وَ صَلَاةَ الضُّحَى بِدْعَةٌ أَلَا فَلَا تَجْتَمِعُوا لَيْلًا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِصَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ وَ لَا تُصَلُّوا صَلَاةَ الضُّحَى فَإِنَّ تِلْكَ مَعْصِيَةٌ أَلَا فَإِنَّ كُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلَالَةٌ وَ كُلَّ ضَلَالَةٍ سَبِيلُهَا إِلَى النَّارِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ ص وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ قَلِيلٌ فِي سُنَّةٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ ك
Hadith.1964 - Zurara, Muhammad ibn Muslim, and Al-Fudayl asked Abu Ja'far, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), and Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about offering night prayers in congregation during the nights of Month of Ramadan. They (as) said: "The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) used
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا الْوَتْرُ وَ رَكْعَتَا الصُّبْحِ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُصَلِّي وَ أَنَا كَذَلِكَ أُصَلِّي وَ لَوْ كَانَ خَيْراً لَمْ يَتْرُكْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص.
"I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the prayer during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: 'Thirteen rak'ahs, including the witr prayer and the two rak'ahs of Fajr before dawn. This was how the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) would pray, and this is how I pray. If there were anything better th