Death & Bereavement

فِي رِوَايَةِ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ مَاتَ‌ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا قَالَ تَعْتَدُّ عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ‌[1].

Hadith.4878 - In a narration from Samaʿah, he said: I asked him about a man who divorced his wife, and then he died before her waiting period had ended. Imam (as) said: "She must observe the waiting period of a woman whose husband has passed away, and she is entitled to inherit from him."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَفْقُودِ كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ امْرَأَتُهُ قَالَ مَا سَكَتَتْ عَنْهُ وَ صَبَرَتْ يُخَلَّى عَنْهَا وَ إِنْ هِيَ رَفَعَتْ أَمْرَهَا إِلَى الْوَالِي أَجَّلَهَا أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ يَكْتُبُ إِلَى الصُّقْعِ الَّذِي فُقِدَ فِيهِ‌[1] فَيُسْأَلُ عَنْهُ فَإِنْ خُبِّرَ عَنْهُ بِحَيَاةٍ صَبَرَتْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُخْبَرْ عَنْهُ بِحَيَاةٍ حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ الْأَرْبَعُ سِنِينَ- دُعِيَ وَلِيُّ الزَّ

Hadith.4883 - In a narration from Umar ibn Udhayna through Buraid ibn Mu'awiyah, it is reported that he asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the ruling concerning the wife of a missing person. Imam (as) replied: "As long as she remains silent about him and is patient, she should be left as she is. However, if she raises the m

إِذَا نُعِيَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ أَوْ خَبَّرُوهَا أَنَّهُ طَلَّقَهَا فَاعْتَدَّتْ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَتْ فَجَاءَ زَوْجُهَا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ الْأَوَّلَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنْ هَذَا الْآخَرِ دَخَلَ بِهَا الْآخَرُ أَوْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ وَ لَهَا مِنَ الْآخَرِ الْمَهْرُ بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا وَ زَادَ عَبْدُ الْكَرِيمِ فِي حَدِيثِهِ وَ لَيْسَ لِلْآخَرِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا أَبَداً[1].

"If a man is reported dead to his family or they are informed that he has divorced his wife, and she observes her waiting period (iddah) and then remarries, but later her first husband returns, then the first husband has more right to her than the second, whether the second husband consummated the marriage or not. Howe

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ حَسِبَ أَهْلُهُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ فَنَكَحَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ وَ تَزَوَّجَتْ سُرِّيَّتُهُ فَوَلَدَتْ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا مِنْ زَوْجِهَا فَجَاءَ زَوْجُهَا الْأَوَّلُ وَ مَوْلَى السُّرِّيَّةِ فَقَالَ يَأْخُذُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا وَ يَأْخُذُ سُرِّيَّتَهُ وَ وَلَدَهَا أَوْ يَأْخُذُ رِضًا مِنْ ثَمَنِهِ‌[2].

I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man whose family believed he had died or been killed, so his wife remarried, and his concubine also married and each bore a child from their respective husbands. Then the first husband and the master of the concubine returned. Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn A

ثَلَاثَةٌ يَهْدِمْنَ الْبَدَنَ وَ رُبَّمَا قَتَلْنَ دُخُولُ الْحَمَّامِ عَلَى الْبِطْنَةِ[2] وَ الْغِشْيَانُ عَلَى الِامْتِلَاءِ وَ نِكَاحُ الْعَجَائِزِ

كَانَ رَجُلٌ فِي الزَّمَنِ الْأَوَّلِ طَلَبَ الدُّنْيَا مِنْ حَلَالٍ فَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهَا وَ طَلَبَهَا مِنْ حَرَامٍ فَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهَا فَأَتَاهُ الشَّيْطَانُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا هَذَا إِنَّكَ قَدْ طَلَبْتَ الدُّنْيَا مِنْ حَلَالٍ فَلَمْ تَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهَا فَطَلَبْتَهَا مِنْ حَرَامٍ فَلَمْ تَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهَا أَ فَلَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى شَيْ‌ءٍ تُكْثِرُ بِهِ دُنْيَاكَ وَ تُكْثِرُ بِهِ تَبَعَكَ فَقَالَ بَلَى قَالَ

"There was a man in earlier times who sought worldly gains through lawful means but could not attain them. Then he sought them through unlawful means, yet still could not attain them. So, Satan came to him and said: 'O man, you have sought the world through lawful means and could not obtain it, and you sought it throug

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الْأَكْلِ عَلَى الْجَنَابَةِ[3] وَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ يُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ وَ نَهَى عَنْ تَقْلِيمِ‌ الْأَظْفَارِ بِالْأَسْنَانِ وَ عَنِ السِّوَاكِ فِي الْحَمَّامِ وَ التَّنَخُّعِ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ وَ نَهَى عَنْ أَكْلِ سُؤْرِ الْفَأْرَةِ وَ قَالَ لَا تَجْعَلُوا الْمَسَاجِدَ طُرُقاً حَتَّى تُصَلُّوا فِيهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ‌[1] وَ نَهَى أَنْ يَبُولَ أَحَدٌ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ مُثْمِرَةٍ[2] أَوْ عَلَى قَارِعَ

"The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) forbade eating while in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah)" and said: "It leads to poverty." He (sw) also forbade trimming the nails with teeth, using the miswak (tooth-stick) in the bathhouse, and spitting in the mosques. He (sw) forbade eating (

وَ خَرَجَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِشُرَاحَةَ الْهَمْدَانِيَّةِ[3] فَكَادَ النَّاسُ يَقْتُلُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً مِنَ الزِّحَامِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ أَمَرَ بِرَدِّهَا حَتَّى خَفَّتِ الزَّحْمَةُ ثُمَّ أُخْرِجَتْ وَ أُغْلِقَ الْبَابُ قَالَ فَرَمَوْهَا حَتَّى مَاتَتْ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالْبَابِ فَفُتِحَ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ مَنْ دَخَلَ يَلْعَنُهَا قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ نَادَى مُنَادِيهِ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ارْفَعُوا أَلْسِن

Hadith.4995 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) brought out Shuraha Al-Hamdaniyyah, and the crowd became so dense that people were almost killing one another due to the overcrowding. When Imam (as) saw this, Imam (as) ordered her to be taken back until the crowd dispersed. Then she was brought out again, and the gate

أَتَتِ امْرَأَةٌ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي قَدْ فَجَرْتُ فَأَعْرَضَ بِوَجْهِهِ عَنْهَا فَتَحَوَّلَتْ حَتَّى اسْتَقْبَلَتْ وَجْهَهُ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي قَدْ فَجَرْتُ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهَا بِوَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَتْهُ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي قَدْ فَجَرْتُ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهَا ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَتْهُ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي قَدْ فَجَرْتُ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا فَحُبِسَتْ وَ كَانَتْ حَامِلًا فَتَرَبَّصَ بِهَا حَتَّى وَضَعَتْ ثُمَّ أ

Hadith.5016 - Yunus ibn Ya'qub narrated from Abu Maryam, who narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that a woman came to Commander of the Faithful (as) and said: "I have committed adultery." Imam (as) turned his face away from her. She moved to face Imam (as) again and repeated: "I have committed a

وَ إِنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌[1] فَقَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي طَهَّرَكَ اللَّهُ فَإِنَّ عَذَابَ الدُّنْيَا أَيْسَرُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ الَّذِي لَا يَنْقَطِعُ فَقَالَ مِمَّ أُطَهِّرُكِ قَالَتْ مِنَ الزِّنَا فَقَالَ لَهَا فَذَاتُ بَعْلٍ أَنْتِ أَمْ غَيْرُ ذَاتِ بَعْلٍ فَقَالَتْ ذَاتُ بَعْلٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا فَحَاضِراً كَانَ بَعْلُكِ أَمْ غَائِباً قَالَتْ حَاض

Hadith.5018 - A woman came to the Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), and said: "O' Commander of the Faithful, I have committed adultery, so purify me. May Allah (swt) purify you, for the punishment in this world is lighter than the punishment in the Hereafter, which never ends." Imam Ali ibn Abi Ta

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اِمْرَأَةٍ تَزَوَّجَتْ فِي عِدَّتِهَا فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَتْ تَزَوَّجَتْ فِي عِدَّةٍ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَوْتِ زَوْجِهَا مِنْ قَبْلِ اِنْقِضَاءِ اَلْأَرْبَعَةِ اَلْأَشْهُرِ وَ عَشْرٍ فَلاَ رَجْمَ عَلَيْهَا وَ عَلَيْهَا ضَرْبُ مِائَةِ جَلْدَةٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ تَزَوَّجَتْ فِي عِدَّةِ طَلاَقٍ لِزَوْجِهَا عَلَيْهَا فِيهَا رَجْعَةٌ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا اَلرَّجْمَ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ تَزَ

Hadith.5028 - Narrated by Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Yazid Al-Kunasi, he said: I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a woman who married during her waiting period (iddah). Imam (as) said: "If she married during the waiting period after the death of her husband before the completion of four months an

وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع‌[1] شَارِبُ الْخَمْرِ إِنْ مَرِضَ فَلَا تَعُودُوهُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ فَلَا تَشْهَدُوهُ وَ إِنْ شَهِدَ فَلَا تُزَكُّوهُ‌[2] وَ إِنْ خَطَبَ إِلَيْكُمْ فَلَا تُزَوِّجُوهُ فَإِنَّ مَنْ زَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهُ شَارِبَ الْخَمْرِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَادَهَا إِلَى الزِّنَا وَ مَنْ زَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهُ مُخَالِفاً لَهُ عَلَى دِينِهِ فَقَدْ قَطَعَ رَحِمَهَا[3] وَ مَنِ ائْتَمَنَ شَارِبَ الْخَمْرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ عَلَى اللَّه

Hadith.5091 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "If a wine drinker falls ill, do not visit him; if he dies, do not attend his funeral; if he testifies, do not accept his testimony; and if he seeks marriage from you, do not marry him off. Whoever marries his daughter to a wine drinker, it is as if he has led h

الرِّجْسُ مِنَ الْأَوْثَانِ الشِّطْرَنْجُ وَ قَوْلُ الزُّورِ الْغِنَاءُ[6] وَ النَّرْدُ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الشِّطْرَنْجِ فَأَمَّا الشِّطْرَنْجُ فَإِنَّ اتِّخَاذَهَا كُفْرٌ وَ اللَّعِبَ بِهَا شِرْكٌ‌[1] وَ تَعْلِيمَهَا كَبِيرَةٌ مُوبِقَةٌ[2] وَ السَّلَامَ عَلَى اللَّاهِي بِهَا مَعْصِيَةٌ وَ مُقَلِّبَهَا كَمُقَلِّبِ لَحْمِ الْخِنْزِيرِ[3] وَ النَّاظِرَ إِلَيْهَا كَالنَّاظِرِ إِلَى فَرْجِ أُمِّهِ‌[4] وَ اللَّاعِبَ بِالنَّرْدِ

Hadith.5093 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "So avoid the filth of idols and avoid false speech." (Surah Al-Hajj 22:30) Imam (as) said: "The filth of idols refers to chess, and false speech refers to singing. And backgammon (nard) is worse than

وَ النَّبَّاشُ إِذَا كَانَ مَعْرُوفاً بِذَلِكَ قُطِعَ‌[2].

Hadith.5118 - "The grave robber (Al-nabbash), if he is known for doing that, is to have his hand cut off."

وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَطَعَ نَبَّاشَ الْقَبْرِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ أَ تَقْطَعُ فِي الْمَوْتَى فَقَالَ إِنَّا لَنَقْطَعُ لِأَمْوَاتِنَا كَمَا نَقْطَعُ لِأَحْيَائِنَا[3].

Hadith.5119 - It has been narrated that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ordered the hand of a grave robber to be cut off. Imam (as) was asked: "Do you cut off (the hand) for stealing from the dead?" Imam (as) replied: "We cut for our dead just as we cut for our living."

وَ رُوِيَ: "أَنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أُتِيَ بِنَبَّاشٍ فَأَخَذَ بِشَعْرِهِ وَ جَلَدَ بِهِ اَلْأَرْضَ ثُمَّ قَالَ "طَئُوا عَلَيْهِ عِبَادَ اَللَّهِ" فَوُطِئَ حَتَّى مَاتَ".

Hadith.5120 - It has been narrated that Commander of the Faithful (as) was presented with a grave robber. Imam (as) grabbed him by his hair, struck him against the ground, and then said: "Step on him, O' servants of Allah (swt)." So, the people trampled him until he died.

أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ حُدُودٌ فِيهَا الْقَتْلُ يُبْدَأُ بِالْحُدُودِ الَّتِي هِيَ دُونَ الْقَتْلِ ثُمَّ يُقْتَلُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ‌[2].

"Any man upon whom multiple legal punishments (hudud) have been established, and among them is the punishment of death, the lesser punishments are to be carried out first, and then he is to be executed afterward."

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ جَاءَهُ كِتَابُ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فِي رَجُلٍ نَبَشَ امْرَأَةً فَسَلَبَهَا ثِيَابَهَا وَ نَكَحَهَا[2] فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا عَلَيْنَا هَاهُنَا طَائِفَةٌ قَالُوا اقْتُلُوهُ وَ طَائِفَةٌ قَالُوا أَحْرِقُوهُ فَكَتَبَ ع إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ حُرْمَةَ الْمَيِّتِ كَحُرْمَةِ الْحَيِّ حَدُّهُ أَنْ تُقْطَعَ يَدُهُ لِنَبْشِهِ وَ سَلْبِهِ الثِّيَابَ‌[3] وَ يُقَامَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَ

I was with Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) when a letter from Hisham ibn Abd Al-Malik arrived regarding a man who had exhumed the grave of a woman, stolen her clothes, and committed intercourse with her. The people were divided on how to punish him: some said: "Kill him," while others said: "Burn him." Ab

حَدَّثَنِي الْحُسَيْنُ الرَّوَّاسِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ الطَّبِيبِ‌[4] قَالَ: عَرَضْتُ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةَ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ نَعَمْ هِيَ حَقٌّ وَ قَدْ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَأْمُرُ عُمَّالَهُ بِذَلِكَ- قَالَ أَفْتَى ع فِي كُلِّ عَظْمٍ لَهُ مُخٌّ فَرِيضَةً مُسَمَّاةً إِذَا كُسِرَ فَجُبِرَ عَلَى غَيْرِ عَثْمٍ‌[1] وَ لَا عَيْبٍ جَعَلَ فَرِيضَةَ الدِّيَةِ سِتَّةَ أَجْزَاءٍ[2] وَ جَعَل

I presented this narration to Abu Abdullah (as), and Imam(as) said: "Yes, it is true. Indeed, the Commander of the Faithful (as) used to instruct his officials with this." He said: "Imam (as) gave a ruling that for every bone that contains marrow, there is a specified obligatory compensation if it is broken and healed

كَانَتْ فِي زَمَنِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع امْرَأَةٌ صِدْقٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا أُمُّ فَتَّانٍ فَأَتَاهَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهَا فَوَافَقَهَا مُهْتَمَّةً فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا لِي أَرَاكِ مُهْتَمَّةً قَالَتْ مَوْلَاةٌ لِي دَفَنْتُهَا فَنَبَذَتْهَا الْأَرْضُ مَرَّتَيْنِ قَالَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لَتَقْبَلُ الْيَهُودِيَّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيَّ

Hadith.5173 - In the narration of Ibrahim ibn Abi Al-Bilad from someone who mentioned it from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), that he said: "During the time of the Commander of the Faithful (as), there was a truthful woman known as Umm Fattan. A man from the companions of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as)

وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَشْيَاخِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌

"The Commander of the Faithful (as) was asked about a man who was sitting with a group of people and died while among them, or a man who was found dead in a tribe or near the house of some people, and they were accused of his death. Imam (as) said: 'There is no retaliation (qisas) upon them, nor is his blood wasted. Ho

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ فِي رَجُلٍ أَرَادَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى نَفْسِهَا حَرَاماً فَرَمَتْهُ بِحَجَرٍ فَأَصَابَتْ مِنْهُ مَقْتَلًا قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ فِيمَا بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِنْ قُدِّمَتْ إِلَى إِمَامٍ عَدْلٍ أَهْدَرَ دَمَهُ‌[1].

I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say regarding a man who tried to force himself unlawfully upon a woman, and she struck him with a stone, causing his death. Imam (as) said: "There is nothing upon her in what is between her and Allah (swt), the Majestic. And if she is brought before a just Imam, he will dismiss his (attackers'

الدِّيَةُ عَلَى الَّذِي وَقَعَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ فَقَتَلَهُ لِأَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ قَالَ وَ يَرْجِعُ الْمَدْفُوعُ بِالدِّيَةِ عَلَى الَّذِي دَفَعَهُ قَالَ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَ الْمَدْفُوعَ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَهُوَ عَلَى الدَّافِعِ أَيْضاً.

Hadith.5205 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who pushed another man onto someone else, causing that person's death. Imam (as) said: "The blood money (diyyah) is upon the one who fell onto the man and killed him, and it must be paid to the heirs of t

الدِّيَةُ كَامِلَةً وَ لَا يُقْتَلُ الرَّجُلُ‌[2].

Hadith.5215 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Hisham ibn Salim and others from Abu Abdullah (as) that that Imam (as) was asked about a woman upon whom a man used excessive force, and he claimed that she died due to his violence against her. Imam (as) said: "The full blood money (diyyah) must be paid, but the man is not to

هُوَ مَأْمُونٌ‌[1].

Hadith.5219 - Dawud ibn Sirhan narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who was carrying goods on his head and accidentally struck a person, causing death or breaking something. Imam (as) said: "He is not held liable (ma'mun)."

قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع فِي رَجُلَيْنِ أَمْسَكَ أَحَدُهُمَا وَ قَتَلَ الْآخَرُ فَقَالَ يُقْتَلُ الْقَاتِلُ وَ يُحْبَسُ الْآخَرُ- حَتَّى يَمُوتَ غَمّاً كَمَا حَبَسَهُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى مَاتَ غَمّاً.

"Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled in the case of two men where one of them restrained the victim while the other killed him. Imam (as) said: 'The killer shall be executed, and the one who restrained the victim shall be imprisoned until he dies in grief, just as he caused the victim to be held until he died in grief.'"

كَانَ قَوْمٌ يَشْرَبُونَ فَيَسْكَرُونَ فَتَبَاعَجُوا[1] بِسَكَاكِينَ كَانَتْ مَعَهُمْ فَرُفِعُوا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَسَجَنَهُمْ فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلَانِ وَ بَقِيَ رَجُلَانِ فَقَالَ أَهْلُ الْمَقْتُولَيْنِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَقِدْهُمَا بِصَاحِبَيْنَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لِلْقَوْمِ مَا تَرَوْنَ فَقَالُوا نَرَى أَنْ تُقِيدَهُمَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَعَلَّ ذَيْنِكَ اللَّذَيْنِ مَاتَا قَتَلَ كُلُّ وَا

Hadith.5236 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that a group of people were drinking and became intoxicated. They began to attack each other with knives they had with them. They were brought before the Commander of the Faithful (as), and Imam (as) imprisoned them. Two of them died, and two remained alive. The f

وَ رُفِعَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌[2] ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَمْسَكَ رَجُلًا وَ أَقْبَلَ الْآخَرُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَ الْآخَرُ يَرَاهُمْ فَقَضَى ع فِي صَاحِبِ الرُّؤْيَةِ أَنْ تُسْمَلَ عَيْنَاهُ‌[3] وَ قَضَى فِي الَّذِي أَمْسَكَ أَنْ يُسْجَنَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ كَمَا أَمْسَكَهُ وَ قَضَى فِي الَّذِي قَتَلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ.

Hadith.5237 - It was reported to the Commander of the Faithful (as) about three men: one of them restrained a man, another approached and killed him, and the third stood by watching them. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled that the one who merely watched should have his eyes gouged out. Imam (as) ruled that the one who

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا لِصٌّ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَتَلَ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَوَثَبَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى اللِّصِّ فَقَتَلَتْهُ فَقَالَ أَمَّا الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي قَتَلَتْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ دِيَةُ سَخْلَتِهَا عَلَى عَصَبَةِ الْمَقْتُولِ السَّارِقِ‌[1].

I asked Iman (as) about a pregnant woman upon whom a thief broke in and assaulted her, causing the death of the child in her womb. The woman then attacked the thief and killed him. Imam (as) replied: "As for the woman who killed him, there is nothing upon her. The diyyah (blood money) for her unborn child is upon the m

يُعْتِقُ رَقَبَةً[3].

Hadith.5262 - Humran asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who struck his slave, and the slave died as a result of the beating. Imam (as) replied: "He must free a slave."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ مُدَبَّرٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا عَمْداً قَالَ يُقْتَلُ بِهِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ قَتَلَهُ خَطَأً- قَالَ يُدْفَعُ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ فَيَكُونُ لَهُمْ رِقّاً فَإِنْ شَاءُوا اسْتَرَقُّوا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا بَاعُوا وَ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّ الْمُدَبَّرَ مَمْلُوكٌ‌[1].

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a mudabbar (a slave promised freedom after the owner's death) who intentionally killed a man. Imam (as) said: "He is to be killed in retaliation." I asked: "What if he killed him by mistake?" Imam (as) replied: "He is handed over to the heirs of the murdered p

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ عَبْداً خَطَأً قَالَ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَتُهُ وَ لَا يُجَاوَزُ بِقِيمَتِهِ عَشَرَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ قُلْتُ وَ مَنْ يُقَوِّمُهُ وَ هُوَ مَيِّتٌ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لِمَوْلَاهُ شُهُودٌ أَنَّ قِيمَتَهُ يَوْمَ قَتَلَهُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا أُخِذَ بِهَا قَاتِلُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِمَوْلَاهُ شُهُودٌ كَانَتِ الْقِيمَةُ عَلَى الَّذِي قَتَلَهُ مَعَ يَمِينِهِ يَشْهَدُ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ بِاللَّ

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who accidentally killed a slave. Imam (as) said: "He must pay the slave's value, and his value should not exceed ten thousand dirhams." I asked: "Who will appraise his value when he is dead?" Imam (as) replied: "If the master has witnesses that his value

يُدْفَعُ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ وَ لَكِنْ لَا يُتْرَكُ يُتَلَذَّذُ بِهِ وَ لَكِنْ يُجَازُ عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّيْفِ‌[3].

Hadith.5278 - Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Al-Abd Al-Salih Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) regarding a man who struck another man with a stick and did not lift it from him until he died. Imam (as) said: "The killer should be handed over to the heirs of the murdered man, but he should not be left to be tortured for pl

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ ضَرَبَ رَجُلًا بِعَمُودِ فُسْطَاطٍ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ضَرْبَةً وَاحِدَةً فَأَجَافَهُ حَتَّى وَصَلَتِ الضَّرْبَةُ إِلَى دِمَاغِهِ فَذَهَبَ عَقْلُهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَضْرُوبُ لَا يَعْقِلُ مِنْهَا الصَّلَاةَ وَ لَا يَعْقِلُ مَا قَالَ وَ لَا مَا قِيلَ لَهُ فَإِنَّهُ يُنْتَظَرُ بِهِ سَنَةً فَإِنْ مَاتَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ السَّنَةِ أُقِيدَ بِهِ ضَارِبُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَمُتْ فِ

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who struck another man on his head with the pole of a tent, delivering a single blow that penetrated to his brain, causing him to lose his mind. Imam (as) said: "If the struck man can no longer comprehend the prayer, nor understand what is said to him or

أُتِيَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا خَطَأً فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع مَنْ عَشِيرَتُكَ وَ قَرَابَتُكَ فَقَالَ مَا لِي بِهَذِهِ الْبَلْدَةِ قَرَابَةٌ وَ لَا عَشِيرَةٌ فَقَالَ مِنْ أَهْلِ أَيِّ الْبُلْدَانِ أَنْتَ فَقَالَ أَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَوْصِلِ وُلِدْتُ بِهَا وَ لِي فِيهَا قَرَابَةٌ وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ فَسَأَلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ لَهُ بِالْكُوفَةِ قَرَابَةً وَ لَا

A man who had killed another man by mistake was brought to Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). Imam Ali (as) asked him: "Who are your relatives and kin?" The man replied: "I have no relatives or kin in this town." Imam Ali (as) then asked: "From which town are you?" The man said: "I am a man from Mos

إِنْ كَانَ مَاتَ فِي بَطْنِهَا بَعْدَ مَا ضَرَبَهَا فَعَلَيْهِ نِصْفُ عُشْرِ قِيمَةِ الْأَمَةِ وَ إِنْ ضَرَبَهَا فَأَلْقَتْهُ حَيّاً فَمَاتَ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ عُشْرَ قِيمَةِ الْأَمَةِ[2].

Hadith.5322 - In the narration by Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Nuaym ibn Ibrahim from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who killed the fetus of a female slave belonging to a group of people while it was still in her womb. Imam (as) said: "If the fetus died in her womb after he struck her, then he mu

عَلَيْهِ الدِّيَةُ[3].

Hadith.5327 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Al-Harith ibn Muhammad from Zayd from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who had intercourse with his wife in her rear and persisted until she died from it. Imam (as) said: "He must pay the full blood money (diyyah)."

فِي رِوَايَةِ السَّكُونِيِ‌ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع رُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ عَذَّبَ عَبْدَهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ فَضَرَبَهُ مِائَةً نَكَالًا وَ حَبَسَهُ وَ غَرَّمَهُ قِيمَةَ الْعَبْدِ وَ تَصَدَّقَ بِهَا[1].

Hadith.5339 - In a narration from Al-Sakuni, it is reported that a man was brought before Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) who had tortured his slave until the slave died. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ordered that the man be lashed one hundred times as a form of punishment, imprisoned him, and required him to pay the value o

دِيَةُ الْجَنِينِ إِذَا ضُرِبَتْ أُمُّهُ فَسَقَطَ مِنْ بَطْنِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تُنْشَأَ فِيهِ الرُّوحُ مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ وَ هِيَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ وَ دِيَةُ الْمَيِّتِ إِذَا قُطِعَ رَأْسُهُ وَ شُقَّ بَطْنُهُ فَلَيْسَتْ هِيَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ إِنَّمَا هِيَ لَهُ دُونَ الْوَرَثَةِ فَقُلْتُ وَ مَا الْفَرْقُ بَيْنَهُمَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْجَنِينَ أَمْرٌ مُسْتَقْبِلٌ يُرْجَى نَفْعُهُ وَ إِنَّ هَذَا قَدْ مَضَى وَ ذَهَبَتْ مَنْفَعَتُهُ فَل

"The diyyah (blood money) for a fetus, if its mother is struck and it is miscarried before the soul is breathed into it, is one hundred dinars, and this belongs to its heirs. As for the diyyah of a deceased person whose head is severed and whose abdomen is cut open, it does not go to his heirs; rather, it belongs to hi

قَطْعُ رَأْسِ الْمَيِّتِ أَشَدُّ مِنْ قَطْعِ رَأْسِ الْحَيِ‌[3].

Hadith.5356 - In Nawadir of Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr, it is narrated that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Beheading the dead is more severe than beheading the living."

عَلَيْهِ الدِّيَةُ[4] لِأَنَّ حُرْمَتَهُ مَيِّتاً كَحُرْمَتِهِ وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ.

Hadith.5357 - In the narration of Abdullah ibn Muskan from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), regarding a man who beheaded a dead person Imam (as) said: "The blood money is upon him because the sanctity of the deceased is like his sanctity when he was alive."

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَيِّتٌ قُطِعَ رَأْسُهُ‌[2] قَالَ عَلَيْهِ الدِّيَةُ قُلْتُ فَمَنْ يَأْخُذُ دِيَتَهُ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ هَذَا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِنْ قُطِعَتْ يَمِينُهُ أَوْ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنْ جَوَارِحِهِ فَعَلَيْهِ الْأَرْشُ لِلْإِمَامِ‌[3].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a deceased person whose head was cut off. Imam (as) said: "The blood money is upon the one who did it." I asked: "Who receives his blood money?" Imam (as) said: "The Imam, for this belongs to Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic. And if his right hand or any of his limbs is cut off, the

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي هَدْمِ حَائِطٍ اشْتَرَكَ فِيهِ ثَلَاثَةٌ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فَمَاتَ فَضَمَّنَ الْبَاقِينَ دِيَتَهُ- لِأَنَّ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ ضَامِنُ صَاحِبِهِ‌[2].

"The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding the demolition of a wall in which three people participated. When it collapsed on one of them and caused his death, he held the remaining two responsible for his blood money because each one of them is accountable for his companion."

أَيُّمَا ظِئْرِ قَوْمٍ قَتَلَتْ صَبِيّاً لَهُمْ وَ هِيَ نَائِمَةٌ فَانْقَلَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَقَتَلَتْهُ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهَا الدِّيَةُ مِنْ مَالِهَا خَاصَّةً إِنْ كَانَتْ إِنَّمَا ظَاءَرَتْ طَلَبَ الْعِزِّ وَ الْفَخْرِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ إِنَّمَا ظَاءَرَتْ مِنَ الْفَقْرِ فَإِنَّ الدِّيَةَ عَلَى عَاقِلَتِهَا[1].

"Any wet nurse of a people who accidentally kills their child while sleeping - by rolling over and causing the child's death - the blood money is to be paid from her personal wealth if she took on nursing for the sake of pride and honor. However, if she undertook nursing due to poverty, then the blood money is upon her

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اسْتَأْجَرَ ظِئْراً فَأَعْطَاهُ وَلَدَهُ فَكَانَ عِنْدَهَا فَانْطَلَقَتِ الظِّئْرُ فَاسْتَأْجَرَتْ ظِئْراً أُخْرَى فَغَابَتِ الظِّئْرُ بِالْوَلَدِ فَلَا يُدْرَى مَا صُنِعَ بِهِ وَ الظِّئْرُ لَا تُكَافَى قَالَ الدِّيَةُ كَامِلَةً[2]. - وَ رَوَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ‌[3] عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مِثْلَهُ- وَ رَوَاهُ حَمَّادٌ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّ

I asked Imam (as) about a man who hired a wet nurse and gave her his child. While the child was with her, the wet nurse went and hired another wet nurse. The second wet nurse disappeared with the child, and it was unknown what happened to the child, and the original wet nurse could not be held accountable. Imam (as) sa

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ اسْتَأْجَرَ ظِئْراً فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهَا وَلَدَهُ فَغَابَتْ عَنْهُ بِهِ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ بِالْوَلَدِ فَزَعَمَتْ أُمُّهُ أَنَّهَا لَا تَعْرِفُهُ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَقْبَلُوهُ فَإِنَّمَا الظِّئْرُ مَأْمُونَةٌ[4].

Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who hired a wet nurse and entrusted his child to her. She disappeared with the child for several years and then returned with the child. The mother claimed that she did not recognize the child. Imam (as) said: "They do not have the right to reject him; they must accept him, for t

لَمَّا حَضَرَتِ النَّبِيَّ ص الْوَفَاةُ نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلْ لَكَ فِي الرُّجُوعِ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا فَقَالَ لَا قَدْ بَلَّغْتُ رِسَالاتِ رَبِّي فَأَعَادَهَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَا بَلِ الرَّفِيقَ الْأَعْلَى‌[2] ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ حَوْلَهُ مُجْتَمِعُونَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي وَ لَا سُنَّةَ بَعْدَ سُنَّتِي- فَمَنِ ادَّعَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَدَعْو

"When the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was nearing his death, Jibril (as) descended and said: 'O' Messenger of Allah (swt), would you like to return to the world?' Prophet (sw) replied: 'No, I have conveyed the messages of my Lord (azj).' Jibril (as) repeated the offer. Prophet (sw) responded: 'No, rather

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌ مَنْ مَاتَ فِي زِحَامِ جُمُعَةٍ أَوْ عِيدٍ أَوْ عَرَفَةَ أَوْ عَلَى بِئْرٍ أَوْ جِسْرٍ لَا يُعْلَمُ مَنْ قَتَلَهُ فَدِيَتُهُ عَلَى بَيْتِ الْمَالِ.

Hadith.5376 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whoever dies in the crowd of Friday prayer, Eid, Arafah, at a well, or on a bridge, and it is unknown who caused his death, his blood money i

دِيَتُهُ عَلَى مَنْ وُجِدَ فِي قَبِيلَتِهِ صَدْرُهُ وَ يَدَاهُ وَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهِ‌[1].

Hadith.5377 - Muhammad ibn Sinan narrated from Talhah ibn Zayd, from Al-Fadl ibn Uthman, who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who was killed, and his head was found in one tribe, his torso and arms in another tribe, and the rest of his body in yet another tribe. Imam (as) said: "The blood money is upon t

يُصَلَّى عَلَى الَّذِي فِيهِ قَلْبُهُ‌[2].

Hadith.5378 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a man who was killed and whose body parts were found scattered. How should the funeral prayer be performed for him? Imam (as) said: "The prayer should be performed over the part that contains his heart."