Death & Bereavement

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ شَرِّ بِقَاعِ الْأَرْضِ وَ خَيْرِ بِقَاعِ الْأَرْضِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص شَرُّ بِقَاعِ الْأَرْضِ الْأَسْوَاقُ وَ هِيَ مَيْدَانُ إِبْلِيسَ يَغْدُو بِرَايَتِهِ وَ يَضَعُ كُرْسِيَّهُ وَ يَبُثُّ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ فَبَيْنَ مُطَفِّفٍ فِي قَفِيزٍ أَوْ طَائِشٍ فِي مِيزَانٍ‌[1] أَوْ سَارِقٍ فِي ذَرْعٍ أَوْ كَاذِبٍ فِي

Hadith.3751 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: A Bedouin from the tribe of Banu 'Amir came to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and asked him about the worst and the best places on earth. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "The worst places on earth are the market

قَالَ ع‌[3] فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى دَابَّةً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ ثَمَنُهَا فَأَتَى رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ يَا فُلَانُ انْقُدْ عَنِّي وَ الرِّبْحُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ‌[4] فَنَقَدَ عَنْهُ فَنَفَقَتِ‌ الدَّابَّةُ[1] قَالَ الثَّمَنُ عَلَيْهِمَا لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ رِبْحٌ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا.

Hadith.3813 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who bought an animal but did not have its price, so he went to one of his companions and said: "O so-and-so, pay on my behalf, and the profit will be shared between me and you." The companion paid on his behalf, but the animal died. Imam (as) said: "The price is upon both of

كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌[2] يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ يَمُوتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ مَالُ الْمُضَارَبَةِ إِنَّهُ إِنْ سَمَّاهُ بِعَيْنِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ هَذَا لِفُلَانٍ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ وَ لَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ فَهُوَ أُسْوَةُ الْغُرَمَاءِ[3].

Hadith.3847 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say: "Whoever dies while holding partnership capital, if he specifies it before his death and says, 'This belongs to so-and-so,' then it is his. However, if he dies without mentioning it, it will be treated like the property of other creditors."

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌[5] مَنْ غَرَسَ شَجَراً بَدْءاً أَوْ حَفَرَ وَادِياً لَمْ يَسْبِقْهُ إِلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ أَوْ أَحْيَا أَرْضاً مَيْتَةً فَهِيَ لَهُ قَضَاءً مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَسُولِهِ.

Hadith.3877 - The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever plants a tree from the beginning, or digs a valley that no one has preceded him in, or revives dead land, then it belongs to him, this is a decree from Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, and His Messenger."

هِيَ لَهُ وَ لَهُ أَجْرُ بُيُوتِهَا وَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا الْعُشْرُ فِيمَا سَقَتِ السَّمَاءُ أَوْ سَيْلُ وَادٍ أَوْ عَيْنٌ وَ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا سَقَتِ الدَّوَالِي وَ الْغَرْبُ‌[3] نِصْفُ الْعُشْرِ.

Imam (as) was asked, while I was present, about a man who revived dead land, dug a canal in it, built houses, and planted palm trees and other trees. Imam (as) said: "It belongs to him, and he is entitled to the rent of its houses. However, he must pay a tenth (ʿushr) of what is watered by rain, a valley stream, or a s

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِيَ ع عَنْ دَارٍ كَانَتْ لِامْرَأَةٍ وَ كَانَ لَهَا ابْنٌ وَ ابْنَةٌ فَغَابَ الِابْنُ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَ مَاتَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَادَّعَتِ ابْنَتُهَا أَنَّ أُمَّهَا كَانَتْ صَيَّرَتْ تِلْكَ الدَّارَ لَهَا وَ بَاعَتْ أَشْقَاصاً[7] مِنْهَا وَ بَقِيَتْ فِي الدَّارِ قِطْعَةٌ- إِلَى جَنْبِ دَارِ رَجُلٍ مِنْ إِخْوَانِنَا فَهُوَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَهَا لِغَيْبَةِ الِابْنِ وَ مَا يَتَخَوَّفُ مِنْ أَنَّهُ

I asked Abu Ja'far Al-Thani (as) about a house that belonged to a woman who had a son and a daughter. The son went missing at sea, and the woman died. The daughter claimed that her mother had transferred the ownership of the house to her and sold portions of it, leaving a remaining portion beside the house of one of ou

وَ كَتَبَ أَبُو هَمَّامٍ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِسْتَأْجَرَ ضَيْعَةً مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَبَاعَ اَلْمُؤَاجِرُ تِلْكَ اَلضَّيْعَةَ بِحَضْرَةِ اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ وَ لَمْ يُنْكِرِ اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرُ اَلْبَيْعَ وَ كَانَ حَاضِراً لَهُ شَاهِداً عَلَيْهِ فَمَاتَ اَلْمُشْتَرِي وَ لَهُ وَرَثَةٌ هَلْ يَرْجِعُ ذَلِكَ اَلشَّيْءُ فِي مِيرَاثِ اَلْمَيِّتِ أَوْ يَثْبُتُ فِي يَدِ اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ إِلَى أَنْ ت

Hadith.3914 - Abu Hammam wrote to Abu Al-Hasan (as) regarding a man who rented a property from another man. The landlord then sold the property in the presence of the tenant, who did not object to the sale and witnessed it. The buyer later died, leaving heirs. The question was whether the property would revert to the h

رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي نَصْرٍ[1] عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ حَمَلَ مَتَاعاً عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَأَصَابَ إِنْسَاناً فَمَاتَ أَوْ انْكَسَرَ مِنْهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ.

Hadith.3932 - Ibn Abi Nasr narrated from Dawood bin Sirhan, from Abu Abdillah (as): "If a man carries goods on his head and accidentally strikes someone, causing their death or breaking something, then he is liable."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَفْلَسَ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ لِقَوْمٍ وَ عِنْدَ بَعْضِهِمْ رُهُونٌ وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَ بَعْضِهِمْ فَمَاتَ وَ لَا يُحِيطُ مَالُهُ بِمَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ قَالَ يُقْسَمُ جَمِيعُ مَا خَلَّفَ مِنَ الرُّهُونِ وَ غَيْرِهَا عَلَى أَرْبَابِ الدَّيْنِ بِالْحِصَصِ‌[5].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who became bankrupt and owed debts to some people, some of whom held collateral (ruhun) while others did not. The man then died, and his remaining wealth was insufficient to cover his debts. Imam (as) said: "All that he left behind, including the collateral and other possessions, s

إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ لَمْ يُخَلِّفْ شَيْئاً إِلَّا رَهْناً فِي يَدِ بَعْضِهِمْ وَ لَا يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مَالِ الْمُرْتَهِنِ أَ يَأْخُذُهُ بِمَالِهِ أَوْ هُوَ وَ سَائِرُ الدُّيَّانِ فِيهِ شُرَكَاءُ فَكَتَبَ ع جَمِيعُ الدُّيَّانِ فِي ذَلِكَ سَوَاءٌ يُوَزِّعُونَهُ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْحِصَصِ‌[4] قَالَ وَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ لَهُ وَرَثَةٌ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ

I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who died and had a debt, leaving nothing except a pledged item in the possession of someone. The value of the pledge did not exceed the creditor's due amount. I asked whether the creditor could take it for his claim or if all creditors shared in it. Imam (as) wrote: "All credito

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مَا أَخَذَتِ الْحِبَالَةُ[7] وَ قَطَعَتْ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ مَيْتَةٌ وَ مَا أَدْرَكْتَ مِنْ سَائِرِ جَسَدِهِ حَيّاً فَذَكِّهِ ثُمَّ كُلْ مِنْهُ‌[8].

Abu Abdullah (as), said: "Whatever is caught by a snare and has part of it severed, then it is considered dead. However, if you find the rest of its body alive, then perform the proper slaughtering (Zabiha) and eat from it."

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌[1] فِي صَيْدٍ وُجِدَ فِيهِ سَهْمٌ وَ هُوَ مَيِّتٌ لَا يُدْرَى مَنْ قَتَلَهُ فَقَالَ لَا تَطْعَمُوهُ‌[2] وَ قَالَ‌[3] مَنْ جَرَحَ بِسِلَاحٍ وَ ذَكَرَ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ بَقِيَ الصَّيْدُ لَيْلَةً أَوْ لَيْلَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ وَجَدَهُ لَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ سَبُعٌ وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ سِلَاحَهُ قَتَلَهُ فَلْيَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.

Hadith.4139 - Commander of the Faithful (as) said regarding a hunted animal that was found with an arrow in it and was dead, but it was not known who killed it. Imam (as) said: "Do not eat it." And Imam (as) said: "Whoever wounds an animal with a weapon and mentions the name of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, upo

لَا[2].

Hadith.4153 - Hammad narrated from Abu Ayyub that he asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who caught a fish, tied it with a string, and released it into the water, and then it died. Imam (as) said: "It should not be eaten."

لَا تَأْكُلْ لِأَنَّهُ مَاتَ فِي الَّذِي فِيهِ حَيَاتُهُ‌[4].

Hadith.4154 - Abd al-Rahman ibn Sayabah asked him about fish that are caught, placed in something, and then returned to the water where they die. Imam (as) said: "Do not eat it, because it died in what is its source of life."

رَوَى الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ بُرَيْدٍ[6] عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌

Hadith.4156 - Al-Qasim ibn Burayd narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), regarding a man who sets up a net in the water, then returns to his house and leaves it set up. Later, he comes back and finds that fish have been caught in it and have died. Imam (as) said: "What hi

لَا تَأْكُلَنَّ مِنْ فَرِيسَةِ السَّبُعِ وَ لَا الْمَوْقُوذَةِ وَ لَا الْمُنْخَنِقَةِ وَ لَا الْمُتَرَدِّيَةِ وَ لَا النَّطِيحَةِ إِلَّا أَنْ تُدْرِكَهُ حَيّاً فَتُذَكِّيَهُ[3].

لَا بَأْسَ بِقَطْعِهَا إِذَا كُنْتَ إِنَّمَا تُصْلِحُ بِهِ مَالَكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ مَا قُطِعَ مِنْهَا مَيْتٌ لَا يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ‌[2].

Hadith.4176 - Al-Kahili narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that a man asked him a question while I was present about cutting the tails of sheep. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in cutting them if you are doing so to improve your wealth." Then Imam (as) said: "Indeed, in the book of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), it is wri

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع-

I said to Abu Abdullah (as), regarding the young goat that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, passed by and it was dead. And He (sw) said: "What harm would it have been to its owners if they had benefited from its hide?" Then Abu Abdullah (as), said: "It was not dead, O Abu Ma

لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قُلْتُ اللَّبَنُ يَكُونُ فِي ضَرْعِ الشَّاةِ وَ قَدْ مَاتَتْ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قُلْتُ فَالصُّوفُ وَ الشَّعْرُ وَ عِظَامُ الْفِيلِ‌[6] وَ الْبَيْضَةُ تُخْرَجُ مِنَ الدَّجَاجَةِ فَقَالَ كُلُّ هَذَا ذَكِيٌّ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌[7].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about the rennet (infaha) that comes out of a dead kid (young goat). Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." I asked about the milk that is in the udder of a sheep that has died. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." I asked about wool, hair, elephant bones, and an egg that is taken fro

مَا ذُبِحَ لِصَنَمٍ أَوْ وَثَنٍ أَوْ شَجَرٍ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ كَمَا حَرَّمَ الْمَيْتَةَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ باغٍ وَ لا عادٍ فَلا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ‌ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ الْمَيْتَةَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مَتَى تَحِلُّ لِلْمُضْطَرِّ الْمَيْتَةُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص سُئِلَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنّ

Hadith.4213 - Abdul Azim ibn Abdullah al-Hasani narrated from Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ali al-Ridha (as), peace be upon him: I asked Imam (as) about what has been sacrificed for other than Allah (swt). Imam (as) said: "Whatever is slaughtered for an idol, a statue, or a tree, Allah (swt) has forbidden it, just as He (sw

مَنِ اضْطُرَّ إِلَى الْمَيْتَةِ وَ الدَّمِ وَ لَحْمِ الْخِنْزِيرِ فَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ شَيْئاً مِنْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ- وَ هَذَا فِي نَوَادِرِ الْحِكْمَةِ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْأَشْعَرِيِ

لَهُ لِمَ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ الْخَمْرَ وَ الْمَيْتَةَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ ذَلِكَ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ وَ أَحَلَّ لَهُمْ مَا وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَغْبَةٍ فِيمَا أَحَلَّ لَهُمْ وَ لَا زُهْدٍ فِيمَا حَرَّمَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لَكِنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ فَعَلِمَ مَا تَقُومُ بِهِ أَبْدَانُهُمْ وَ مَا يُصْلِحُهُمْ فَأَحَلَّهُ لَهُمْ وَ أَبَاحَهُ ل

Hadith.4215 - Muhammad ibn 'Udhafir narrated from his father, who narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): I asked Imam (as): "Why did Allah (swt) make wine, dead meat, blood, and the flesh of pigs forbidden?" Imam (as) replied: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, did not forbid these things

وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "عَشَرَةُ أَشْيَاءَ مِنَ اَلْمَيْتَةِ ذَكِيَّةٌ اَلْقَرْنُ وَ اَلْحَافِرُ وَ اَلْعَظْمُ وَ اَلسِّنُّ وَ اَلْإِنْفَحَةُ وَ اَللَّبَنُ وَ اَلشَّعْرُ وَ اَلصُّوفُ وَ اَلرِّيشُ وَ اَلْبَيْضُ".

Hadith.4217 - Imam (as) said: "Ten things from a dead animal are considered pure: the horn, the hoof, the bone, the tooth, the rennet, the milk, the hair, the wool, the feathers, and the eggs."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ آنِيَةِ أَهْلِ اَلذِّمَّةِ فَقَالَ "لاَ تَأْكُلُوا فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ إِذَا كَانُوا يَأْكُلُونَ فِيهَا اَلْمَيْتَةَ وَ اَلدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ اَلْخِنْزِيرِ".

"I asked him about the vessels of the People of the Book." Imam (as) said: "Do not eat in their vessels if they eat in them the dead (carrion), blood, or the flesh of swine."

وَ سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رَجُلًا يَقُولُ أَنَا بَرِي‌ءٌ مِنْ دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَيْلَكَ إِذَا بَرِئْتَ مِنْ دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَعَلَى دِينِ مَنْ تَكُونُ فَمَا كَلَّمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى مَاتَ‌[2].

Hadith.4310 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, heard a man saying, "I am free from the religion of Muhammad." The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said to him: "Woe to you! If you are free from the religion of Muhammad, then whose religion will you follow?" The

لَهُ رَجُلٌ مَاتَ وَ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمٌ يُصَامُ عَنْهُ أَوْ يُتَصَدَّقُ قَالَ يُتَصَدَّقُ عَنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ‌[2].

Hadith.4322 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Isma'il ibn Bazee' that he said: I asked Abu Ja'far al-Thani (as) about a man who died and had fasting obligations upon him. Should fasting be done on his behalf, or should charity be given on his behalf? Imam (as) said: "Charity should be given on his behalf, for it is be

إِنَّ أَرَاذِلَ مَوْتَاكُمُ الْعُزَّابُ‌[3].

Hadith.4348 - It is narrated that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Indeed, the most despicable of your dead are the unmarried."

قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌[2] إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ أَحَدُكُمْ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قُلْتُ مَا أَدْرِي جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ إِذَا هَمَّ بِذَلِكَ فَلْيُصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَقُولُ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ التَّزْوِيجَ فَقَدِّرْ لِي مِنَ النِّسَاءِ أَعَفَّهُنَّ فَرْجاً وَ أَحْفَظَهُنَّ لِي فِي نَفْسِهَا وَ مَالِي وَ أَوْسَعَهُنَّ رِزْقاً وَ أَعْظَمَهُنَّ بَرَكَةً وَ قَيِّضْ لِي مِنْ

Abu Abdillah (as) said to me: "When one of you intends to get married, what should he do?" I replied: "I do not know, may I be your ransom." Imam (as) said: "When he makes up his mind for that, let him perform two units of prayer, praise Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, and say: 'O Allah (swt), I intend marriage

يَجُوزُ عَلَيْهَا تَزْوِيجُ أَبِيهَا[2].

Hadith.4391 - Muhammad ibn Isma'il ibn Bazi' asked Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) about a young girl who was married off by her father, and then the father died while she was still a child. When she grew older, before her husband consummated the marriage, does the marriage remain valid, or is the matter in her hands?

فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى حُكْمِهَا أَوْ عَلَى حُكْمِهِ‌[2] فَمَاتَ أَوْ مَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَالَ لَهَا الْمُتْعَةُ[3] وَ الْمِيرَاثُ وَ لَا مَهْرَ لَهَا قَالَ وَ إِنْ طَلَّقَهَا وَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَى حُكْمِهَا لَمْ يَتَجَاوَزْ بِحُكْمِهَا عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ‌[4] مُهُورِ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ص.

Hadith.4449 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Ayyub, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), regarding a man who married a woman based on her terms or his terms, and then he or she died before consummation. Imam (as) said: "She is entitled to a gift (mut'ah) and inheritance,

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً بِحُكْمِهَا ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَحْكُمَ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَهَا صَدَاقٌ وَ هِيَ تَرِثُ‌[6].

Hadith.4450 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Abu Ja'far with reference to Mird'ah: I said to Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who married a woman based on her terms but then died before she made her decision (regarding the terms). Imam (as) said: "She is not entitled to a dowry (sadaq), but she inherits from him."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ كُنَّ لَهُ‌[4] ثَلَاثُ نِسْوَةٍ فَتَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهِنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ فِي عَقْدَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَدَخَلَ بِوَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِالَّتِي بَدَأَ بِاسْمِهَا وَ ذَكَرَهَا عِنْدَ عُقْدَةِ النِّكَاحِ فَإِنَّ نِكَاحَهُ جَائِزٌ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي سُمِّيَتْ وَ ذُكِرَتْ بَعْدَ ذِكْر

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who had three wives and then married two more women in a single contract. He consummated the marriage with one of them and then died. Imam (as) said: "If he consummated the marriage with the woman whose name was mentioned first during the marriage contract, then his marriage is val

فِي أُخْتَيْنِ أُهْدِيَتَا لِأَخَوَيْنِ فَأُدْخِلَتِ امْرَأَةُ هَذَا عَلَى هَذَا وَ امْرَأَةُ هَذَا عَلَى هَذَا قَالَ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا الصَّدَاقُ بِالْغِشْيَانِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ وَلِيُّهُمَا تَعَمَّدَ ذَلِكَ أُغْرِمَ الصَّدَاقَ وَ لَا يَقْرَبُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا امْرَأَتَهُ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ الْعِدَّةُ فَإِذَا انْقَضَتِ الْعِدَّةُ صَارَتْ كُلُّ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْهُمَا إِلَى زَوْجِهَا الْأَوَّلِ بِالنِّكَاحِ الْأَو

Hadith.4469 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Jamil ibn Salih that Abu Abdullah (as) said regarding two sisters who were given in marriage to two brothers, but each was mistakenly sent to the other brother. Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Each woman is entitled to the dowry due to consummation. If their guardian deliberatel

إِنَّ ضُرَيْساً كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ ابْنَةُ حُمْرَانَ فَجَعَلَ لَهَا أَنْ لَا يَتَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَا يَتَسَرَّى عَلَيْهَا أَبَداً فِي حَيَاتِهَا وَ لَا بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا عَلَى أَنْ جَعَلَتْ هِيَ أَنْ لَا تَتَزَوَّجَ بَعْدَهُ وَ جَعَلَا عَلَيْهِمَا مِنَ الْحَجِّ وَ الْهَدْيِ وَ النُّذُورِ وَ كُلَّ مَالٍ لَهُمَا يَمْلِكَانِهِ فِي الْمَسَاكِينِ وَ كُلَّ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهُمَا حُرّاً إِنْ لَمْ يَفِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا ل

Durais had married the daughter of Humran, and he made a condition for her that he would neither marry another wife nor take a concubine over her, neither during her lifetime nor after her death. In return, she made a condition that she would not marry anyone after him. They also pledged that if either of them failed t

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَمَرَ رَجُلًا أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ امْرَأَةً بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ سَمَّاهَا لَهُ وَ الَّذِي أَمَرَهُ بِالْعِرَاقِ فَخَرَجَ الْمَأْمُورُ فَزَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ‌[3] ثُمَّ قَدِمَ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَوَجَدَ الَّذِي أَمَرَهُ قَدْ مَاتَ قَالَ يُنْظَرُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَأْمُورُ زَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ الْآمِرُ ثُمَّ مَاتَ الْآمِرُ بَعْدَهُ فَإِنَّ الْمَهْرَ فِي جَ

Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a man who instructed another man to marry a woman for him in Medina, specifying her by name, while the one giving the instruction was in Iraq. The one instructed went and married her to him. Then he returned to Iraq and found that the one who had given the instruction had died. Imam (a

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَتَزَوَّجُ امْرَأَةً عَلَى عَبْدٍ لَهُ وَ امْرَأَةٍ لِلْعَبْدِ فَسَاقَهُمَا إِلَيْهَا فَمَاتَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَبْدِ عِنْدَ الْمَرْأَةِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ قَوَّمَهَا عَلَيْهَا يَوْمَ تَزَوَّجَهَا بِقِيمَةٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُقَوَّمُ الثَّانِي بِقِيمَةٍ ثُمَّ يُنْظَرُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الْقِيمَةِ الْأُولَى الَّتِي تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَيْهَا فَتَرُدُّ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَ

I asked him about a man who married a woman on the basis of giving her his slave and the slave's wife, and he delivered them to her. Then the slave's wife died while in the possession of the woman, and afterward, he divorced her before consummating the marriage. Imam (as) said: "If he had evaluated their worth for her

إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص خَرَجَ فِي بَعْضِ حَوَائِجِهِ وَ عَهِدَ إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ عَهْداً أَلَّا تَخْرُجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ قَالَ وَ إِنَّ أَبَاهَا مَرِضَ فَبَعَثَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ زَوْجِي خَرَجَ وَ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ أَنْ لَا أَخْرُجَ مِنْ بَيْتِي حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ وَ إِنَّ أَبِي مَرِيضٌ فَتَأْمُرُنِي أَنْ أَعُودَهُ فَقَالَ لَا اجْلِس

A man from the Ansar, during the time of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), went out for some errands and instructed his wife not to leave her house until he returned. Her father became ill, so the woman sent a message to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be u

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ مَمْلُوكٍ لِرَجُلٍ أَبَقَ مِنْهُ فَأَتَى أَرْضاً فَذَكَرَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ حُرٌّ مِنْ رَهْطِ بَنِي فُلَانٍ وَ أَنَّهُ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ أَهْلِ تِلْكَ الْأَرْضِ فَأَوْلَدَهَا أَوْلَاداً وَ أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ مَاتَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ فِي يَدِهِ مَالًا وَ ضَيْعَةً وَ وَلَدَهَا ثُمَّ إِنَّ سَيِّدَهُ بَعْدُ أَتَى تِلْكَ الْأَرْضَ فَأَخَذَ الْعَبْدَ وَ جَمِيعَ مَا فِي يَدِهِ وَ أَذْعَنَ لَهُ ا

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a slave belonging to a man who fled and went to another land. There, he claimed to be a free man from a certain tribe and married a woman from that land, fathered children with her, and then she died, leaving behind wealth, property, and her children in his ca

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ جَارِيَةٍ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ دَبَّرَاهَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ أَحَلَّ أَحَدُهُمَا فَرْجَهَا لِشَرِيكِهِ قَالَ هِيَ حَلَالٌ لَهُ وَ أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبِهِ فَقَدْ صَارَ نِصْفُهَا حُرّاً مِنْ قِبَلِ الَّذِي مَاتَ وَ نِصْفُهَا مُدَبَّراً قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ أَرَادَ الْبَاقِي مِنْهُمَا أَنْ يَمَسَّهَا أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَثْبُتَ عِتْقُهَا وَ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بِرِضاً م

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a bondwoman jointly owned by two men, who both designated her as mudabbar (set to be freed after their death). Then, one of them permitted his partner to have relations with her. Imam (as) said: "She is lawful for him. If either of them dies before the other,

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ زَوَّجَ أَمَتَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهَا إِذَا مَاتَ الزَّوْجُ فَهِيَ حُرَّةٌ فَمَاتَ الزَّوْجُ فَقَالَ إِذَا مَاتَ الزَّوْجُ فَهِيَ حُرَّةٌ تَعْتَدُّ عِدَّةَ الْحُرَّةِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا[3] وَ لَا مِيرَاثَ لَهَا مِنْهُ لِأَنَّهَا إِنَّمَا صَارَتْ حُرَّةً بَعْدَ مَوْتِ الزَّوْجِ‌[4].

I asked Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a man who married off his female slave to another man and then told her, "When your husband dies, you will be free." The husband then died. Imam (as) said: "When the husband dies, she becomes free and must observe the waiting period (iddah) of a free woman w

قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ‌ قُلْ فِي طَلَبِ الْوَلَدِ رَبِّ لا تَذَرْنِي فَرْداً وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْوارِثِينَ‌ وَ اجْعَلْ‌ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ وَلِيًّا يَرِثُنِي‌ فِي حَيَاتِي وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لِي بَعْدَ مَوْتِي وَ اجْعَلْهُ لِي خَلْقاً سَوِيّاً[1] وَ لَا تَجْعَلْ لِلشَّيْطَانِ فِيهِ نَصِيباً اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَ أَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ سَبْعِينَ م

Hadith.4660 - Ali ibn Al-Husayn (peace be upon them) said to one of his companions: "When seeking a child, say: 'My Lord (azj), do not leave me alone [without offspring], and You (swt) are the best of inheritors' and add; 'Grant me from Yourself (swt) a successor who will inherit from me during my life and seek forgive

رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ مَنْ مَاتَ بِلَا خَلَفٍ فَكَأَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي النَّاسِ وَ مَنْ مَاتَ وَ لَهُ خَلَفٌ فَكَأَنْ لَمْ يَمُتْ.

Hadith.4691 - It is narrated: "Whoever dies without leaving behind a successor, it is as if he was never among the people. And whoever dies and leaves behind a successor, it is as if he never died."

قَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ إِنَّ لِي بَنَاتٍ فَقَالَ لَعَلَّكَ تَتَمَنَّى مَوْتَهُنَّ أَمَا إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَمَنَّيْتَ مَوْتَهُنَّ وَ مِتْنَ لَمْ تُؤْجَرْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ لَقِيتَ رَبَّكَ حِينَ تَلْقَاهُ وَ أَنْتَ عَاصٍ.

Hadith.4696 - Umar ibn Yazid said to Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "I have daughters." The Imam (as) replied: "Perhaps you wish for their death? Know that if you wish for their death and they die, you will not be rewarded on the Day of Judgment, and you will meet your Lord (azj) while being disobedient to Him

اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَلْقَى سِقْطَهُ مُحْبَنْطِئاً[1] عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى إِذَا رَآهُ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ حَتَّى يُدْخِلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ إِنَّ وَلَدَ أَحَدِكُمْ إِذَا مَاتَ أُجِرَ فِيهِ وَ إِنْ بَقِيَ بَعْدَهُ اسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ

إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَذْبَحَ الْعَقِيقَةَ قُلْتَ‌ يا قَوْمِ إِنِّي بَرِي‌ءٌ مِمَّا تُشْرِكُونَ إِنِّي وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّذِي فَطَرَ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ حَنِيفاً مُسْلِماً وَ ما أَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ‌ إِنَّ صَلاتِي وَ نُسُكِي وَ مَحْيايَ وَ مَماتِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ بِذلِكَ أُمِرْتُ‌ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ اللَّهُمَّ مِنْكَ وَ لَكَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللّ

"When you intend to slaughter the Aqiqah, say: 'O my people, I am free from what you associate with Allah (swt). Indeed, I have turned my face toward the One (swt) who created the heavens and the earth, inclining toward truth, and I am not among the polytheists. Indeed, my prayer, my sacrifice, my life, and my death ar

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ كَانَ عَلَى قَبْرِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَذْقٌ يُظِلُّهُ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ حَيْثُمَا دَارَتْ فَلَمَّا يَبِسَ الْعَذْقُ ذَهَبَ أَثَرُ الْقَبْرِ فَلَمْ يُعْلَمْ مَكَانُهُ.

Hadith.4736 - In the narration of ʿAmir ibn ʿAbdullah, he said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: "There was a palm branch (ʿadhq) over the grave of Ibrahim, the son of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), that shaded it from the sun wherever it moved. When the branch dried up, th

قَالَ ع‌ مَاتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَ لَهُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْراً فَأَتَمَّ اللَّهُ رَضَاعَهُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ.

Hadith.4737 - Imam (as) said: "Ibrahim (the son of the Prophet) died at the age of eighteen months, and Allah (swt) completed his breastfeeding in Paradise."

إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ احْتَجَّ اللَّهُ عَلَى سَبْعَةٍ عَلَى الطِّفْلِ وَ الَّذِي مَاتَ بَيْنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ الشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ الَّذِي أَدْرَكَ النَّبِيَّ ص وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْقِلُ وَ الْأَبْلَهِ وَ الْمَجْنُونِ الَّذِي لَا يَعْقِلُ وَ الْأَصَمِّ وَ الْأَبْكَمِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ يَحْتَجُّ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ فَيَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولًا فَيُؤَجِّجُ لَهُمْ نَارا

Hadith.4742 - In the narration of Hariz from Zurara, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that Imam (as) said: "On the Day of Judgment, Allah (swt) will argue against seven groups: the child, the one who died between the prophets, the elderly person who reached the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon hi

تَعْتَدُّ بِثَلَاثِ حِيَضٍ‌[5] فَإِنْ مَاتَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا ثُمَّ أُعْتِقَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا فَإِنَّ عِدَّتَهَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشَرَةُ أَيَّامٍ.

Hadith.4872 - Ibn Abi ʿUmayr narrated from Jamil, from Hisham ibn Salim, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a bondwoman who was divorced and then freed before her waiting period (ʿiddah) had ended. Imam (as) said: "She must complete the waiting period of three menstrual cycles. However, if her husband died and she was t

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي سُرِّيَّةٍ لِرَجُلٍ وَلَدَتْ لِسَيِّدِهَا ثُمَّ أَنْكَحَهَا عَبْدَهُ ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ سَيِّدُهَا فَأَعْتَقَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا[1] فَوَرِثَهُ وَلَدُهَا ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ وَلَدُهَا فَوَرِثَتْ زَوْجَهَا الْعَبْدَ فَجَاءَا يَخْتَصِمَانِ فَقَالَ هِيَ امْرَأَتِي لَسْتُ أُطَلِّقُهَا وَ قَالَتْ هُوَ عَبْدِي لَمْ يُجَامِعْنِي فَسُئِلَتْ هَلْ جَامَعَكِ مُنْذُ كَانَ لَكِ عَبْداً فَقَالَتْ لَا فَقَ

"The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled concerning a concubine of a man who bore a child for her master. The master then married her to his slave. Later, the master passed away and freed her. She then married the slave, and when he died, her child inherited from him. Then the child passed away, and she inherited her