Marriage

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ مُمْلَكٍ ظَاهَرَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ فَقَالَ لِي لَا يَكُونُ ظِهَارٌ وَ لَا إِيلَاءٌ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ بِهَا.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a Mumlak (a man owned as offspring of slaves) who expresses al-Zihar (calling one’s wife as one’s mother) about his wife. He (the Imam) said to me, ‘It is not al-Zihar (calling one’s wife as one’s mother) or swearing before going to bed with her.’”

الْمُظَاهِرُ إِذَا طَلَّقَ سَقَطَتْ عَنْهُ الْكَفَّارَةُ. قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنْ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَوْ أَخْرَجَ مَمْلُوكَتَهُ مِنْ مِلْكِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُوَاقِعَهَا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةُ الظِّهَارِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُرَاجِعَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَوْ يَرُدَّ مَمْلُوكَتَهُ يَوْماً فَإِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَقْرَبَهَا حَتَّى يُكَفِّرَ.

23. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Jamil an ibn Bukayr and Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one who has expressed al-Zihar (calling one’s wife as one’s mother) about his wife, divorces her then expiation cancels out a

الظِّهَارُ لَا يَقَعُ عَلَى الْغَضَبِ.

“Al-Rida’ (a.s.), has said, ‘Al-Zihar (calling one’s wife as one’s mother) does not take place upon anger (if expressed because of anger).”’

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ إِذَا قَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ زَوْجِي عَلَيَّ حَرَامٌ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّي فَلَا كَفَّارَةَ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ وَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ إِنِّي ظَاهَرْتُ مِنِ امْرَأَتِي فَوَاقَعْتُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ أُكَفِّرَ فَقَالَ وَ مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَمَّا ظَاهَرْتُ رَأَيْتُ بَرِيقَ خَلْخَالِهَا وَ بَيَاضَ سَاقِهَا فِي الْقَمَرِ فَوَاق

When a woman says, “My husband is unlawful like the back of my mother” expiation does not become due on her thereby.’ He (the Imam) said that once a man from al- Ansar (people of al-Madinah) from Banu al-Najjar came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their servic

سَقَطَتْ عَنْهُ الْكَفَّارَةُ إِذَا طَلَّقَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُعَاوِدَ الْمُجَامَعَةَ قِيلَ فَإِنَّهُ رَاجَعَهَا قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ إِنَّمَا طَلَّقَهَا لِإِسْقَاطِ الْكَفَّارَةِ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ رَاجَعَهَا فَالْكَفَّارَةُ لَازِمَةٌ لَهُ أَبَداً إِذَا عَاوَدَ الْمُجَامَعَةَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ طَلَّقَهَا وَ هُوَ لَا يَنْوِي شَيْئاً مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُرَاجِعَ وَ لَا كَفَّارَةَ عَلَيْهِ.

“About the case of a man who expresses the statement of al-Zihar about his wife then divorces her, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Expiation does not apply to his case when he divorces before going to bed with her.’ It was then asked, ‘What happens if he goes back to her?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has divorced her

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ ظَاهَرَ ثُمَّ وَاقَعَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ فَقَالَ لِي أَ وَ لَيْسَ هَكَذَا يَفْعَلُ الْفَقِيهُ‌[2].

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who expresses the statement of al-Zihar about his wife, then goes to bed with her before paying expiation. He (the Imam) said, ’Is it not the way a faqih (scholar of law) man does? 5 ”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُظَاهِرُ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ قَالَ فَلْيُكَفِّرْ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ وَاقَعَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ قَالَ أَتَى حَدّاً مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لْيَسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ وَ لْيَكُفَّ حَتَّى يُكَفِّرَ.

“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who expressed the statement of al-Zihar about his wife. He (the Imam) said, ’He must pay expiation.’ I then said, ‘He has gone to bed with her before paying the expiation.’ He (the Imam) said, ’He has come across a law of laws of Allah, most Majestic, most Gl

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ ظَاهَرَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا تَطْلِيقَةً فَقَالَ إِذَا طَلَّقَهَا تَطْلِيقَةً فَقَدْ بَطَلَ الظِّهَارُ وَ هَدَمَ الطَّلَاقُ الظِّهَارَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يُرَاجِعَهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ فَإِنْ رَاجَعَهَا وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ مَا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمُظَاهِرِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَتَمَاسَّا قُلْتُ فَإِنْ تَرَكَهَا حَتَّى يَخْلُوَ أَجَلُهَا وَ تَمْلِكَ نَفْسَهَا

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the case of a man who expresses the statement of al- Zihar about his wife, then divorces her once. He (the Imam) said, ’If he has divorced her once al-Zihar becomes void and divorce abolishes al-Zihar.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if he goes back to her?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes,

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ ظَاهَرَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُوَاقِعَهَا فَبَانَتْ مِنْهُ أَ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ قَالَ لَا.

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the case of a man who expresses the statement of al- Zihar about his wife, then divorces her before going to bed with her until she becomes stranger to him: if he owes expiation. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, expiation is not obligatory on him.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّي أَوْ كَيَدِهَا أَوْ كَبَطْنِهَا أَوْ كَفَرْجِهَا أَوْ كَنَفْسِهَا أَوْ كَكَعْبِهَا أَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ الظِّهَارَ وَ هَلْ يَلْزَمُهُ فِيهِ مَا يَلْزَمُ الْمُظَاهِرَ فَقَالَ الْمُظَاهِرُ إِذَا ظَاهَرَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ فَقَالَ هِيَ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّهِ أَوْ كَيَدِهَا أَوْ كَرِجْلِهَا أَوْ كَشَعْرِهَا أَوْ كَشَيْ‌ءٍ مِنْهَا يَنْوِي بِذَلِكَ التَّحْرِيمَ

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man, who expresses the statement of al-Zihar about his wife. He says, ‘For me you are like the back of my mother or like her hand, or like her belly, or like her vagina, or like her soul, or like her feet’; if this is al-Zihar and if he owes what one who express

لَا يَقَعُ اللِّعَانُ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ الرَّجُلُ بِأَهْلِهِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Al-Li‘an (condemnation) does not take place until one goes to bed with his wife/”

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ الَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْواجَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ شُهَداءُ إِلَّا أَنْفُسُهُمْ‌[2] قَالَ هُوَ الْقَاذِفُ الَّذِي يَقْذِفُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَإِذَا قَذَفَهَا ثُمَّ أَقَرَّ أَنَّهُ كَذَبَ عَلَيْهَا جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ وَ رُدَّتْ إِلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ وَ إِنْ أَبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَمْضِيَ فَيَشْهَدُ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعُ شَهاداتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الصَّادِ

“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘Those who accuse their wives and do not have witnesses except themselves. . . (24:4) He (the Imam) said, ‘He is one who accuses his wife. If he accuses then confesses that he has lied against her, the punishment for him is w

إِنَّ عَبَّادَ الْبَصْرِيِّ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ كَيْفَ يُلَاعِنُ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ رَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا دَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ فَوَجَدَ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا يُجَامِعُهَا مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ انْصَرَفَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ وَ

“Once ‘Abbad al-Basriy asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when I was present, ‘How does a man go through the process of Mula ‘inah (condemnation) against the woman?’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), explained a judgment of the Messenger of Allah. He (the Imam) said, ‘Once a man of the Muslims came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, g

إِذَا قَذَفَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُلَاعِنُهَا حَتَّى يَقُولَ رَأَيْتُ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهَا رَجُلًا يَزْنِي بِهَا قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقْذِفُ امْرَأَتَهُ قَالَ يُلَاعِنُهَا ثُمَّ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا فَلَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أَبَداً فَإِنْ أَقَرَّ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ قَبْلَ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ جُلِدَ حَدّاً وَ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ الْحُرَّةِ يَقْذِفُهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ هُوَ مَم

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man accuses his wife he cannot condemn her unless he can say that he has seen a man between her legs fornicating.’ He (the narrator) has said that he (the I

فِي رَجُلٍ لَاعَنَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى‌[1] ثُمَّ ادَّعَى وَلَدَهَا بَعْدَ مَا وَلَدَتْ وَ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ مِنْهُ قَالَ يُرَدُّ إِلَيْهِ الْوَلَدُ وَ لَا يُجْلَدُ لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ مَضَى التَّلَاعُنُ.

“About the case of a man who goes through the process of al-Li ‘an (condemnation) against his wife who is pregnant, then claims her child to be his child after childbirth thinking that the child is his. He (the Imam) said, ‘The child can be given to him without whipping because al-Li‘an (condemnation) has become a matt

فِي رَجُلٍ قَذَفَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هِيَ خَرْسَاءُ قَالَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا[2].

“About the case of a man who goes through the process of al-Li‘an (condemnation) against his wife who is speechless, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘They must be separated from each other.”’

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَاعَنَ امْرَأَتَهُ فَحَلَفَ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ ثُمَّ نَكَلَ فِي الْخَامِسَةِ قَالَ إِنْ نَكَلَ فِي الْخَامِسَةِ فَهِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ وَ جُلِدَ وَ إِنْ نَكَلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَتِ الْيَمِينُ عَلَيْهَا فَعَلَيْهَا مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ قَائِماً يُلَاعِنُ أَوْ قَاعِداً قَالَ الْمُلَاعَنَةُ وَ مَا أَشْبَهَهَا مِنْ قِيَامٍ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْت

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a man who goes through the process of al-Li ‘an (condemnation) against his woman and testifies swearing by Allah four times but declines the fifth time. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he declines the fifth time she is his woman but he is whipped. If the woman declines whe

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَاعَنَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى قَدِ اسْتَبَانَ حَمْلُهَا فَأَنْكَرَ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْ ادَّعَاهُ وَ أَقَرَّ بِهِ وَ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ مِنْهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ يُرَدُّ إِلَيْهِ وَلَدُهُ وَ يَرِثُهُ وَ لَا يُجْلَدُ لِأَنَّ اللِّعَانَ قَدْ مَضَى.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has gone through the process of al-Li‘an (condemnation) against his wife who is pregnant and her pregnancy has become clear but denies what is in her womb. When the child is born, he claims the child, keeps him close, and thinks that the child is his chi

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَفْتَرِي عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ قَالَ يُجْلَدُ ثُمَّ يُخَلَّى بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَا يُلَاعِنُهَا حَتَّى يَقُولَ أَشْهَدُ أَنِّي رَأَيْتُكِ تَفْعَلِينَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا.

“I once asked him (the Imam), Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who falsely accuses his wife. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is whipped, then they are left alone. He does not go through the process of al- Li‘an (condemnation) who then is made to say, ‘I testify that I saw you doing so and so.’”

لَا يُلَاعِنُ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ الَّتِي يَتَمَتَّعُ بِهَا.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A man cannot go through the process of al-Li‘an (condemnation) against his wife in the manner of Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage).”’

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَذَفَ امْرَأَتَهُ بِالزِّنَى وَ هِيَ خَرْسَاءُ صَمَّاءُ لَا تَسْمَعُ مَا قَالَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهَا بَيِّنَةٌ فَشَهِدُوا عِنْدَ الْإِمَامِ جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ وَ فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أَبَداً وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ بَيِّنَةٌ فَهِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَقَامَ مَعَهَا وَ لَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهُ‌[2].

“Once abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about the case of a man who accuses his wife of committing fornication and she is speechless, deaf and cannot hear. He (the Imam) said, ‘If she has witnesses who testify before the Imam in her favor, he is whipped as punishment and they are separated from each other. The

يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَهُ وَ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أَبَداً[3].

About the case of a woman who accuses her husband who is speechless, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘They are separated from each other and he is not lawful for her forever.’”

يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أَبَداً.

“About the case of a woman who is speechless and about how can he go through the process of al- Li‘an (condemnation) against her, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘They must be separated from each other and she is not lawful for him in marriage forever.’”

إِذَا كَانَ الْعَبْدُ وَ امْرَأَتُهُ لِرَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ فَإِنَّ الْمَوْلَى يَأْخُذُهَا إِذَا شَاءَ وَ إِذَا شَاءَ رَدَّهَا وَ قَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُ الْعَبْدِ إِذَا كَانَ هُوَ وَ امْرَأَتُهُ لِرَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْعَبْدُ لِرَجُلٍ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ لِرَجُلٍ وَ تَزَوَّجَهَا بِإِذْنِ مَوْلَاهُ وَ إِذْنِ مَوْلَاهَا فَإِنْ طَلَّقَ وَ هُوَ بِهَذِهِ الْمَنْزِلَةِ فَإِنَّ طَلَاقَهُ جَائِزٌ.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl, from Abu Al Sabbah Al Kinany, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘If there was the slave and his wife for one man (master), so is the master takes her when he so desires to, and when he so desires

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ غُلَامُهُ جَارِيَةً حُرَّةً فَقَالَ الطَّلَاقُ بِيَدِ الْغُلَامِ فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجَهَا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ مَوْلَاهُ فَالطَّلَاقُ بِيَدِ الْمَوْلَى.

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Sama’at, from Muhammad Bin Ziyad, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws , said, ‘I asked him asws about a man who married his slave to a slave girl of a free woman. So he asws said: ‘The divorce is by the hand of the slave. So if he married her without the per

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ غُلَامُهُ جَارِيَةً حُرَّةً فَقَالَ الطَّلَاقُ بِيَدِ الْغُلَامِ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ زَوَّجَ أَمَتَهُ رَجُلًا حُرّاً فَقَالَ الطَّلَاقُ بِيَدِ الْحُرِّ- وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ زَوَّجَ غُلَامَهُ جَارِيَتَهُ فَقَالَ الطَّلَاقُ بِيَدِ الْمَوْلَى وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى جَارِيَةً وَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ عَبْدٌ فَقَالَ بَيْعُهَا طَلَاقُهَا.

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Sama’at, from Muhammad Bin Abu Hamza, from Ali Bin Yaqteen, (It has been narrated) from Al-Abd Al-Salih asws (7th Imam asws ), said, ‘I asked him asws about a man who married his slave to a slave girls of a free man. So he asws said: ‘The divorce is in the hand of the slave’. He (the narrator

قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يُزَوِّجُ أَمَتَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ حُرٍّ ثُمَّ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهَا مِنْهُ وَ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ نِصْفَ الصَّدَاقِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي زَوَّجَهَا مِنْهُ يُبْصِرُ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَدِينُ بِهِ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهَا مِنْهُ وَ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ نِصْفَ الصَّدَاقِ لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مَعْرِفَةِ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لِلْمَوْلَى وَ إِنْ كَانَ الزَّوْجُ لَا يَعْرِفُ هَذَا وَ ه

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazzaz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws , said, ‘I said to him asws , ‘The man married his slave girl to a free man, then he wanted to remove her from him, and take from him half the dower’. So he asw

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَنْكَحَ أَمَتَهُ حُرّاً أَوْ عَبْدَ قَوْمٍ آخَرِينَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهَا فَإِنْ بَاعَهَا فَشَاءَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا أَنْ يَنْزِعَهَا مِنْ زَوْجِهَا فَعَلَ.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about a man who married his slave girl to a free man, or a slave of another people. So he asws said: ‘It is not for him that he can remove her. So if he were to sell her, so t

إِذَا كَانَ لِلرَّجُلِ أَمَةٌ فَزَوَّجَهَا مَمْلُوكَهُ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا إِذَا شَاءَ وَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا إِذَا شَاءَ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from hafs Bin al Bakhtary, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘If there was a slave girl for a man, so he gets her married to an owned slave of him, so he can separate between them when he so desires to, and gathers between them when he so de

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي أَمَةٍ طَلَّقَهَا زَوْجُهَا تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَجَلَدَهُ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen asws judged regarding a slave girl whose husband had divorced her with two divorces, then had copulated with her, so he asws had him whipped’.

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْأَمَةِ إِذَا طُلِّقَتْ مَا عِدَّتُهَا قَالَ حَيْضَتَانِ‌ أَوْ شَهْرَانِ حَتَّى تَحِيضَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ فِي أُمَّهَاتِ الْأَوْلَادِ لَا يَتَزَوَّجْنَ حَتَّى يَعْتَدِدْنَ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً وَ هُنَّ إِمَاءٌ.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Noman, from Ibn Muskan, from Suleyman Bin Khalid who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about the slave girl when she is divorced, what is her waiting period?’ He asws said: ‘Two menstruations, or two months, until she menstruates’. I said, ‘Supposing her husba

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنِ الْأَمَةِ يَمُوتُ سَيِّدُهَا قَالَ تَعْتَدُّ عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ رَجُلًا تَزَوَّجَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا قَالَ يُفَارِقُهَا ثُمَّ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا نِكَاحاً جَدِيداً بَعْدَ انْقِضَاءِ عِدَّتِهَا قُلْتُ فَأَيْنَ مَا بَلَغَنَا عَنْ أَبِيكَ فِي الرَّجُلِ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً قَالَ هَذَا جَاهِ

Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan, from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said, ‘I asked Abu Ibrahim asws about the slave girl, her master died. He asws said: ‘She would observe the waiting period of the one widowed from her husband’. I said, ‘Supposing if a man were to marry her before she fulfils her

قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ تَكُونُ تَحْتَهُ السُّرِّيَّةُ فَيُعْتِقُهَا فَقَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ لَهَا أَنْ تَنْكِحَ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ إِنْ تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا مَوْلَاهَا فَعِدَّتُهَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْرٌ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws , said, ‘I said to him asws , ‘The man happens to have a concubine under him, so he frees her’. So he said, ‘It is not correct for her that she married until she fulfills her waiting period of

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ وَلِيدَتَهُ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ عِدَّتُهَا عِدَّةُ الْحُرَّةِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْرٌ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ وَلِيدَتَهُ وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ وَ قَدْ كَانَ يَطَؤُهَا فَقَالَ عِدَّتُهَا عِدَّةُ الْحُرَّةِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلَاثَةُ قُرُوءٍ.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws , said, ‘I asked him asws about a man who emancipated a mother of his child during the death. So he asws said: ‘Her waiting period is a waiting period of the free wo

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ‌ كَانَتْ لَهُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ فَزَوَّجَهَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَأَوْلَدَهَا غُلَاماً ثُمَّ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ مَاتَ فَرَجَعَتْ إِلَى سَيِّدِهَا أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَطَأَهَا قَالَ تَعْتَدُّ مِنَ الزَّوْجِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ يَطَؤُهَا بِالْمِلْكِ بِغَيْرِ نِكَاحٍ.

Ibn Mahboub, from Wahab Bin Abd Rabbihi, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws , said, ‘I asked him asws about a man who had a mother of his child for him, so he married her to a man, so she gave birth to a boy. Then the man died. So she returned to her master. Is it for him that he copulates with her?’ He asws

فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ أَمَةٌ فَطَلَّقَهَا عَلَى السُّنَّةِ ثُمَّ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ اشْتَرَاهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ قَالَ قَدْ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي هَذَا أَحَلَّتْهَا آيَةٌ وَ حَرَّمَتْهَا آيَةٌ أُخْرَى وَ أَنَا نَاهٍ عَنْهَا نَفْسِي وَ وُلْدِي‌[1].

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from one of his companions, from Ibn Abu Najran, and Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said regarding a man under who used to be a slave girl. So he divorced her upon the Sunnah, then she was irrevocably divorced from him. They

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً مَمْلُوكَةً ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا[3] ثُمَّ اشْتَرَاهَا بَعْدُ هَلْ تَحِلُّ لَهُ قَالَ لَا حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ‌.

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, altogether from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at who said, ‘I asked him asws about a man who married an owned woman, then divorced her, then bought her afterwards. Is she Permissible for him?’ He asws said: ‘No, until she marries anot

فِي رَجُلٍ تَحْتَهُ أَمَةٌ فَطَلَّقَهَا تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ اشْتَرَاهَا بَعْدُ قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْكِحَهَا حَتَّى تَتَزَوَّجَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ وَ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فِي مِثْلِ مَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْهُ.

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moala Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Aban Bin Usman, from Bureyd Al Ajaly, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said regarding a man under whom is a slave girl. So he divorces her with two divorces, then buys her afterwards. He asws said: ‘It is not correct for h

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ كُلُّ مُسْلِمٍ بَيْنَ مُسْلِمَيْنِ ارْتَدَّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ جَحَدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نُبُوَّتَهُ وَ كَذَّبَهُ فَإِنَّ دَمَهُ مُبَاحٌ لِمَنْ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ وَ امْرَأَتَهُ بَائِنَةٌ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ ارْتَدَّ وَ يُقْسَمُ مَالُهُ عَلَى وَرَثَتِهِ وَ تَعْتَدُّ امْرَأَتُهُ عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ إِنْ أَتَوْهُ بِهِ وَ لَا ي

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and a number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, altogether from Ibn Mahboub, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Ammar Al Sabatany who said, ‘I heard Abu Abdullah asws saying, ‘Every Muslim between two Muslims is an atheist, from Al-Islam,

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الْمُرْتَدِّ فَقَالَ مَنْ رَغِبَ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ كَفَرَ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص بَعْدَ إِسْلَامِهِ فَلَا تَوْبَةَ لَهُ وَ قَدْ وَجَبَ قَتْلُهُ وَ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ امْرَأَتُهُ وَ يُقْسَمُ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَى وُلْدِهِ.

And from him, from Al A’ala, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said, ‘I asked Abu Ja’far asws about the apostate. So he asws said: ‘The one who wishes to be away from Al-Islam, and disbelieve with what was Revealed unto Muhammad saww after his Islam. So there is no repentance for him, and his being killed is Obligated, and

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ كَانَتْ تَحْتَ نَصْرَانِيٍّ فَطَلَّقَهَا هَلْ عَلَيْهَا عِدَّةٌ مِثْلُ عِدَّةِ الْمُسْلِمَةِ فَقَالَ لَا لِأَنَّ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ مَمَالِيكُ لِلْإِمَامِ أَ لَا تَرَى أَنَّهُمْ يُؤَدُّونَهُمُ الْجِزْيَةَ كَمَا يُؤَدِّي الْعَبْدُ الضَّرِيبَةَ إِلَى مَوْلَاهُ قَالَ وَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ تُطْرَحُ عَنْهُ‌ الْجِزْيَةُ قُلْتُ فَمَا عِدَّتُهَا إِنْ أَرَادَ الْمُسْلِمُ أَنْ يَت

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Ra’ib, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Zurara, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws , said, ‘I asked him asws about a Christian woman who was under (married to) a Christian. So he divorced her. Is there a waiting period upon her similar to what is upon the Musli

عِدَّةُ الْعِلْجَةِ[3] إِذَا أَسْلَمَتْ عِدَّةُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ إِذَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ غَيْرَهُ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ismail Bin Marrar, from Yunus, ‘He asws said: ‘A waiting period of the الْعِلْجَةِ when she becomes a Muslim, is a waiting period of the divorced woman, when she intends to marry someone else’.

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ مَاتَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ هُوَ نَصْرَانِيٌّ مَا عِدَّتُهَا قَالَ عِدَّةُ الْحُرَّةِ الْمُسْلِمَةِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْرٌ.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Yaqoub Al Sarraj who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about a Christian woman whose husband died from her, and he was a Christian, what is her waiting period?’ He asws said: ‘A waiting period of the free Muslim woman, four months and ten (days)’.

نَعَمْ وَ عِدَّتُهَا مِنَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ إِذَا أَسْلَمَتْ عِدَّةُ الْحُرَّةِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةُ قُرُوءٍ فَإِذَا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْهَا إِنْ شَاءَتْ.

And by his chain, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ali Bin Raib, from Humran, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws regarding a mother of a child of a Christian man, became a Muslim, can the Muslim man marry her?’ He asws said: ‘Yes, and her waiting period from the Christian man when she became a Muslim, is a waiting perio

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ مَا تَمْلِكُ مِنْ قَرَابَتِهَا قَالَ كُلَّ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا خَمْسَةً أَبَاهَا وَ أُمَّهَا وَ ابْنَهَا وَ ابْنَتَهَا وَ زَوْجَهَا.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hajjal, from Asad Bin Abu Al Aa’la, from Abu Hamza who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about the woman, what she can own from her relatives?’ He asws said: ‘Everyone except for five – her father, and her mother, and her son, and her daughter, and her husband’.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا طَلَاقَ قَبْلَ نِكَاحٍ وَ لَا عِتْقَ قَبْلَ مِلْكٍ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Mansour Bin Hazam, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah saww said: ‘There is no divorce before the marriage, and there is no emancipation before the ownership’.

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُعْتِقُ مَمْلُوكَهُ وَ يُزَوِّجُهُ ابْنَتَهُ وَ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ هُوَ أَغَارَهَا أَنْ يَرُدَّهُ فِي الرِّقِّ قَالَ لَهُ شَرْطُهُ.

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Al Husayn Bin Usman, and Muhammad Bin Abu Hamza, from Is’haq Bin Ammar, and someone else, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws , said, ‘I asked him asws about the man who emancipated his owned slave, and married him to his own daughter, and stipulated

لِعَبْدِهِ أَعْتَقْتُكَ عَلَى أَنْ أُزَوِّجَكَ‌ ابْنَتِي فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجْتَ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ تَسَرَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ فَأَعْتَقَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ زَوَّجَهُ فَتَسَرَّى أَوْ تَزَوَّجَ قَالَ لِمَوْلَاهُ عَلَيْهِ شَرْطُهُ الْأَوَّلُ.

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Al Aa’la Bin Razeyn, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, (It has been narrated) from one of the two (5 th or 6 th Imam asws ) regarding the man who is saying to his slave, ‘I will emancipate you upon (the condition) if you marry my daughter. So if you w

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ دَبَّرَ مَمْلُوكَتَهُ ثُمَّ زَوَّجَهَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ فَوَلَدَتْ مِنْهُ أَوْلَاداً ثُمَّ مَاتَ زَوْجُهَا وَ تَرَكَ أَوْلَادَهُ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ أَوْلَادُهُ مِنْهَا كَهَيْئَتِهَا فَإِذَا مَاتَ الَّذِي دَبَّرَ أُمَّهُمْ فَهُمْ أَحْرَارٌ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ يَجُوزُ لِلَّذِي دَبَّرَ أُمَّهُمْ أَنْ يَرُدَّ فِي تَدْبِيرِهِ إِذَا احْتَاجَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَاتَتْ

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Ayoub, from Aban Bin Taghlub who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about a man who arranged (the emancipation of) his slave girl. Then he got her married to another man. So she gave birth to children from him. Then her husband died, and left the chi

الْمُكَاتَبُ لَا يَجُوزُ لَهُ عِتْقٌ وَ لَا هِبَةٌ وَ لَا نِكَاحٌ وَ لَا شَهَادَةٌ وَ لَا حَجٌّ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَ جَمِيعَ مَا عَلَيْهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَوْلَاهُ قَدْ شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ هُوَ عَجَزَ عَنْ نَجْمٍ مِنْ نُجُومِهِ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ فِي الرِّقِّ.

Ibn Mahboub, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws having said: ‘The contracted slave, it is not allowed for him an emancipation, nor a gifting, nor marriage, nor testimony, nor a Hajj, until he pays off the entirety of what is upon him, when his master that stipulated upo