مَنْ حَبَسَ حَقَّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وَ هُوَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ إِيَّاهُ مَخَافَةَ مِنْ أَنَّهُ إِنْ خَرَجَ ذَلِكَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ يَدِهِ أَنْ يَفْتَقِرَ كَانَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَقْدَرَ عَلَى أَنْ يُفْقِرَهُ مِنْهُ عَلَى أَنْ يُغْنِيَ نَفْسَهُ بِحَبْسِهِ ذَلِكَ الْحَقَ[4].
إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَعَ صَاحِبِ الدَّيْنِ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَهُ مَا لَمْ يَأْخُذْهُ مِمَّا يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ[6].
لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ عَلَيَّ دَيْناً لِأَيْتَامٍ وَ أَخَافُ إِنْ بِعْتُ ضَيْعَتِي بَقِيتُ وَ مَا لِيَ شَيْءٌ قَالَ لَا تَبِعْ ضَيْعَتَكَ وَ لَكِنْ أَعْطِ بَعْضاً وَ أَمْسِكْ بَعْضاً[1].
I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I owe a debt to orphans, and I fear that if I sell my estate, I will be left with nothing." Imam (as) said: "Do not sell your estate; rather, give some and keep some."
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَيْسَ مِنْ غَرِيمٍ يَنْطَلِقُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ غَرِيمُهُ رَاضِياً إِلَّا صَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِ دَوَابُّ الْأَرْضِ وَ نُونُ الْبُحُورِ[2] وَ لَيْسَ مِنْ غَرِيمٍ يَنْطَلِقُ صَاحِبُهُ غَضْبَانَ وَ هُوَ مَلِيٌّ إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِكُلِّ يَوْمِ يَحْبِسُهُ أَوْ لَيْلَةٍ ظُلْماً[3].
Hadith.3694 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "There is no debtor whose creditor leaves him satisfied except that the creatures of the earth and the fish in the seas pray for him. And there is no debtor whose creditor leaves him angry while he is capable of paying, except that Allah (swt), the Migh
إِنِ اسْتَحْلَفَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ بَعْدَ الْيَمِينِ شَيْئاً وَ إِنْ حَبَسَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً[5] وَ إِنْ تَرَكَهُ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَحْلِفْهُ فَهُوَ عَلَى حَقِّهِ.
Hadith.3695 - Ibrahim ibn Abdul Hamid narrated from Khidr ibn Amr Al-Nakha'i, from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who has money owed to him by another man, but the debtor denies it. Imam (as) said: "If he makes him swear an oath, then he has no right to take anything from him after the oath. And if he imprisons him,
أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَقَعَ لِي عِنْدَهُ مَالٌ فَكَابَرَنِي عَلَيْهِ وَ حَلَفَ ثُمَّ وَقَعَ لَهُ عِنْدِي مَالٌ أَ فَآخُذُهُ مَكَانَ مَالِيَ الَّذِي أَخَذَهُ وَ أَحْلِفُ عَلَيْهِ كَمَا صَنَعَ هُوَ فَقَالَ إِنْ خَانَكَ فَلَا تَخُنْهُ وَ لَا تَدْخُلْ فِيمَا عِبْتَهُ عَلَيْهِ[1].
I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who owed me money but denied it and swore an oath. Then, some of his money came into my possession. Should I take it in place of what he took from me and swear an oath as he did? Imam (as) said: "If he has betrayed you, do not betray him, and do not commit what you criticized him f
لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ حَقٌّ فَيَجْحَدُنِيهِ ثُمَّ يَسْتَوْدِعُنِي مَالًا أَ لِي أَنْ آخُذَ مَالِي عِنْدَهُ قَالَ لَا هَذِهِ الْخِيَانَةُ[2].
I said to him, "A man owes me a right but denies it, and then he entrusts me with some money. Is it permissible for me to take my due from it?" Imam (as) said: "No, that would be betrayal."
قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنِ ائْتَمَنَكَ بِأَمَانَةٍ فَأَدِّهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ خَانَكَ فَلَا تَخُنْهُ.
Hadith.3698 - Zayd Al-Shahham narrated that Abu Abdillah (as) said to me: "Whoever entrusts you with a trust, then return it to him. And whoever betrays you, do not betray him."
لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَالٌ فَجَحَدَهُ إِيَّاهُ وَ ذَهَبَ بِهِ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ صَارَ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ[3] لِلرَّجُلِ الَّذِي ذَهَبَ بِمَالِهِ مَالٌ مِثْلُهُ أَ يَأْخُذُهُ مَكَانَ مَالِهِ الَّذِي ذَهَبَ بِهِ مِنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي إِنَّمَا آخُذُ هَذَا مَكَانَ مَالِيَ الَّذِي أَخَذَهُ مِنِّي[4].
I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man had money owed to him by another man, but the debtor denied it and took it away from him. Later, the creditor gained possession of an equivalent amount belonging to the debtor. Can he take it in place of the money that was taken from him?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, and he should say, 'O
فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ لِيُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ مِثْلَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَقُولُ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي لَمْ آخُذْ مَا أَخَذْتُ مِنْهُ خِيَانَةً وَ لَا ظُلْماً وَ لَكِنِّي أَخَذْتُهُ مَكَانَ حَقِّي[5].
Hadith.3700 - And in another narration from Yunus ibn Abdul Rahman, from Abu Bakr Al-Hadrami, similar to the previous one, except that he said: He should say, "O Allah (swt), I did not take what I took from him as an act of betrayal or injustice, but I took it in place of my rightful due."
فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ إِنِ اسْتَحْلَفَهُ عَلَى مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُ فَجَائِزٌ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْلِفَ إِذَا قَالَ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةَ.
Hadith.3701 - And in another narration: "If he makes him swear regarding what he took from him, then it is permissible for him to swear if he says this statement."
لِقَوْلِ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَصْدُقْ وَ مَنْ حُلِفَ لَهُ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَرْضَ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْضَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اَللَّهِ فِي شَيْءٍ".
Hadith.3702 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever swears by Allah (swt) should speak the truth, and whoever is sworn to by Allah (swt) should be satisfied. And whoever is not satisfied is not from Allah (swt) in any way."
لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِنِّي أُعَامِلُ قَوْماً فَرُبَّمَا أَرْسَلُوا إِلَيَّ فَأَخَذُوا مِنِّي الْجَارِيَةَ وَ الدَّابَّةَ فَذَهَبُوا بِهَا مِنِّي ثُمَّ يَدُورُ لَهُمُ الْمَالُ عِنْدِي فَآخُذُ مِنْهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَخَذُوا مِنِّي فَقَالَ خُذْ مِنْهُمْ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَخَذُوا مِنْكَ وَ لَا تَزِدْ عَلَيْهِ.
I said to Abu Al-Hasan (as), "I deal with some people, and sometimes they send to me and take a bondwoman or an animal from me, and they take it away. Then their wealth later comes into my possession. Can I take from it an amount equivalent to what they took from me?" Imam (as) said: "Take from them an amount equal to
لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي دَفَعْتُ إِلَى أَخِي جَعْفَرٍ مَالًا فَهُوَ يُعْطِينِي مَا أُنْفِقُهُ وَ أَحُجُّ مِنْهُ وَ أَتَصَدَّقُ وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا فَذَكَرُوا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ فَاسِدٌ لَا يَحِلُّ وَ أَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَنْتَهِيَ فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى قَوْلِكَ فَقَالَ أَ كَانَ يَصِلُكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ مَالَكَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ خُذْ مِنْهُ مَا يُعْطِيكَ وَ كُلْ وَ اشْرَبْ وَ حُجَّ وَ تَصَدَّقْ
I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I gave my brother Ja'far some money, and he gives me from it what I spend, perform Hajj with, and give in charity. I asked the people around us, and they said that this is invalid and not permissible. I wish to follow your guidance in this matter." Imam (as) said: "Did he use to give to yo
نَعَمْ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَا يَأْكُلُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً[2].
Hadith.3705 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who stays with another man to whom he owes a debt. Is it permissible for him to eat from his food? Imam (as) said: "Yes, he may eat from his food for three days, but after that, he should not eat anything."
فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- لا خَيْرَ فِي كَثِيرٍ مِنْ نَجْواهُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ أَمَرَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَوْ مَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ إِصْلاحٍ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ يَعْنِي بِالْمَعْرُوفِ الْقَرْضَ[3]
لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ قَالَ إِنَّا نَسْتَقْرِضُ الْخُبْزَ مِنَ الْجِيرَانِ فَنَرُدُّ أَصْغَرَ مِنْهُ أَوْ أَكْبَرَ فَقَالَ ع نَحْنُ نَسْتَقْرِضُ الْجَوْزَ السِّتِّينَ وَ السَّبْعِينَ عَدَداً فَيَكُونُ فِيهِ الصَّغِيرَةُ وَ الْكَبِيرَةُ فَلَا بَأْسَ[4].
I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "Abdullah ibn Abi Ya'fur instructed me to ask you-when we borrow bread from our neighbors, we sometimes return it smaller or larger in size. Is this permissible?" Imam (as) said: "We borrow walnuts, sixty or seventy in number, and they may include small and large ones. There is no harm in t
مَنْ أَقْرَضَ قَرْضاً إِلَى مَيْسَرَةٍ كَانَ مَالُهُ فِي زَكَاةٍ وَ كَانَ هُوَ فِي صَلَاةٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ[5]
إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ دَيْنٌ ثُمَّ مَاتَ حَلَّ الدَّيْنُ[6].
إِذَا مَاتَ الْمَيِّتُ حَلَّ مَا لَهُ وَ مَا عَلَيْهِ[1]
إِذَا رَضِيَ بِهِ الْغُرَمَاءُ فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ ذِمَّةُ الْمَيِّتِ.
Hadith.3711 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Salih Al-Thawri, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding a man who dies while owing a debt, and a guarantor guarantees it for the creditors. Imam (as) said: "If the creditors are satisfied with him, then the deceased is absolved of liability."
لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ دَيْناً عَلَى رَجُلٍ وَ قَدْ مَاتَ فَكَلَّمْنَاهُ أَنْ يُحَلِّلَهُ فَأَبَى قَالَ وَيْحَهُ أَ مَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَهُ بِكُلِّ دِرْهَمٍ عَشَرَةً إِذَا حَلَّلَهُ وَ إِذَا لَمْ يُحَلِّلْهُ فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ دِرْهَمٌ بَدَلَ دِرْهَمٍ[2].
I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "Abdur-Rahman ibn Sayabah has a debt owed to him by a man who has died. We spoke to him about forgiving it, but he refused." Imam (as) said: "Woe to him! Does he not know that for every dirham he forgives, he will receive ten in return? But if he does not forgive, then he will only receive
إِنِّي كَسَبْتُ مَالًا أَغْمَضْتُ فِي طَلَبِهِ حَلَالًا وَ حَرَاماً[3] فَقَدْ أَرَدْتُ التَّوْبَةَ وَ لَا أَدْرِي الْحَلَالَ مِنْهُ وَ لَا الْحَرَامَ فَقَدِ اخْتَلَطَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَخْرِجْ خُمُسَ مَالِكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ رَضِيَ مِنَ الْإِنْسَانِ بِالْخُمُسِ وَ سَائِرُ الْمَالِ كُلُّهُ لَكَ حَلَالٌ[4].
A man came to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) and said: "I have earned wealth, but I was not careful in seeking it, whether it was lawful or unlawful. Now I wish to repent, but I do not know what portion of it is lawful and what is unlawful, as it has become mixed." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Take out one-fifth of
عَلِيٌّ ع[2] مَنْ أَقَرَّ لِأَخِيهِ فَهُوَ شَرِيكٌ فِي الْمَالِ وَ لَا يَثْبُتُ نَسَبُهُ وَ إِذَا أَقَرَّ اثْنَانِ فَكَذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَا عَدْلَيْنِ فَيُلْحَقُ نَسَبُهُ وَ يُضْرَبُ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ مَعَهُمْ.
Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled concerning a man who died and left heirs. One of the heirs acknowledged a debt against his father. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled that it would be binding upon him in his share, according to what he inherited, and it would not apply to the entire estate. If two of the heirs acknowle
"لاَ يُخْرَجُ اَلرَّجُلُ عَنْ مَسْقَطِ رَأْسِهِ بِالدَّيْنِ اِرْفَعْهَا فَلاَ حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهَا وَ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي مُحْتَاجٌ فِي وَقْتِي هَذَا إِلَى دِرْهَمٍ وَ مَا يَدْخُلُ مِلْكِي مِنْهَا دِرْهَمٌ".
Hadith.3715 - Ibrahim ibn Hashim narrated that Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) was a cloth merchant. He lost his wealth and became poor. A man owed him ten thousand dirhams. Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr sold his house, which he lived in, for ten thousand dirhams and brought the money to the debto
كَتَبَ يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ لِي عَلَى رَجُلٍ عَشَرَةُ دَرَاهِمَ وَ إِنَّ السُّلْطَانَ أَسْقَطَ تِلْكَ الدَّرَاهِمَ وَ جَاءَ بِدَرَاهِمَ أَعْلَى مِنْ تِلْكَ الدَّرَاهِمِ وَ فِي تِلْكَ الدَّرَاهِمِ الْأُولَى الْيَوْمَ وَضِيعَةٌ فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ لِي عَلَيْهِ الدَّرَاهِمُ الْأُولَى الَّتِي أَسْقَطَهَا السُّلْطَانُ أَوِ الدَّرَاهِمُ الَّتِي أَجَازَهَا السُّلْطَانُ فَكَتَبَ لَكَ ال
Hadith.3716 - Yunus ibn Abdul Rahman wrote to Al-Ridha (as), saying: "I had ten dirhams owed to me by a man, but the ruler invalidated those dirhams and introduced new dirhams that are higher in value than the previous ones. The earlier dirhams are now devalued. What is my right upon him-the original dirhams that the r
التِّجَارَةُ تَزِيدُ فِي الْعَقْلِ[3]
تَرْكُ التِّجَارَةِ مَذْهَبَةٌ لِلْعَقْلِ[1]
لِي اغْدُ إِلَى عِزِّكَ[2].
Hadith.3719 - It is narrated from Al-Mu'alla ibn Khunays that he said: Abu Abdillah (as) saw me when I had delayed going to the market, so Imam (as) said to me, "Go early to your source of honor."
كَانُوا أَصْحَابَ تِجَارَةٍ فَإِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ تَرَكُوا التِّجَارَةَ وَ انْطَلَقُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَ هُمْ أَعْظَمُ أَجْراً مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَتَّجِرْ.
Hadith.3720 - It is narrated from Rawh ibn Abd Al-Rahim, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted: "Men whom neither trade nor sale distracts from the remembrance of Allah (swt)." (Surah An-Nur 24:37) Imam (as) said: "They were businessmen, but when the time for prayer arrived
أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا فَعَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ[3] قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْعِبَادَةِ وَ تَرَكَ التِّجَارَةَ فَقَالَ وَيْحَهُ أَ مَا عَلِمَ أَنَّ تَارِكَ الطَّلَبِ لَا يُسْتَجَابُ لَهُ دَعْوَةٌ- إِنَّ قَوْماً مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ- وَ مَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجاً وَ يَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لا يَحْتَسِبُ أَغْلَقُوا الْأَبْوَابَ وَ أَقْبَلُوا عَلَى الْ
Abu Abdillah (as) asked: "What has Umar ibn Muslim done?" I said: "May I be your ransom! He has devoted himself to worship and abandoned trade." Imam (as) said: "Woe to him! Does he not know that the one who abandons seeking sustenance will not have his supplication answered? Indeed, some of the companions of the Messe
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع اتَّجِرُوا بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ إِنَّ الرِّزْقَ عَشَرَةُ أَجْزَاءٍ تِسْعَةٌ فِي التِّجَارَةِ وَ وَاحِدٌ فِي غَيْرِهَا[4].
Hadith.3722 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Engage in trade - may Allah (swt) bless you - for I heard the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) say, 'Provision is divided into ten parts, nine of which are in trade, and one in other means.'"
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع تَعَرَّضُوا لِلتِّجَارَةِ فَإِنَّ فِيهَا لَكُمْ غِنًى عَمَّا فِي أَيْدِي النَّاسِ[1].
Hadith.3723 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Engage in trade, for in it lies independence from what is in the hands of others."
لَا تَدَعُوا التِّجَارَةَ فَتَهُونُوا[2] اتَّجِرُوا بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ- رَوَى ذَلِكَ شَرِيفُ بْنُ سَابِقٍ التَّفْلِيسِيُّ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ أَبِي قُرَّةَ السَّمَنْدِيِ
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَنِ اتَّجَرَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ ارْتَطَمَ فِي الرِّبَا ثُمَّ ارْتَطَمَ فَلَا يَقْعُدَنَّ فِي السُّوقِ إِلَّا مَنْ يَعْقِلُ الشِّرَاءَ وَ الْبَيْعَ[3].
Hadith.3725 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Whoever engages in trade without knowledge will fall into usury, and then fall into it again. Therefore, no one should sit in the marketplace except one who understands buying and selling."
وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع[4]- بِالْكُوفَةِ يَغْتَدِي كُلَّ بُكْرَةٍ فَيَطُوفُ فِي أَسْوَاقِ الْكُوفَةِ سُوقاً سُوقاً وَ مَعَهُ الدِّرَّةُ عَلَى عَاتِقِهِ وَ كَانَ لَهَا طَرَفَانِ وَ كَانَتْ تُسَمَّى السَّبِيبَةَ[5] قَالَ فَيَقِفُ عَلَى أَهْلِ كُلِّ سُوقٍ فَيُنَادِيهِمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ[6] قَدِّمُوا الِاسْتِخَارَةَ وَ تَبَرَّكُوا بِالسُّهُولَةِ[7] وَ اقْتَرِبُوا مِنَ الْمُبْتَاعِينَ وَ تَزَيَّنُوا بِالْحِلْمِ وَ تَج
Hadith.3726 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to go out every morning in Kufa and walk through its markets, visiting them one by one. Imam (as) carried a whip with two ends, which was called "Al-Sabeebah." Imam (as) would stand in each market and call out to the merchants, saying: "O group of traders! Begin with seeki
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص[2] مَنْ بَاعَ وَ اشْتَرَى فَلْيَحْفَظْ خَمْسَ خِصَالٍ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا يَشْتَرِيَنَّ وَ لَا يَبِيعَنَّ الرِّبَا وَ الْحَلْفَ وَ كِتْمَانَ الْعُيُوبِ وَ الْمَدْحَ إِذَا بَاعَ وَ الذَّمَّ إِذَا اشْتَرَى[3].
Hadith.3727 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever buys and sells should observe five qualities; otherwise, let him not buy or sell: usury, swearing, concealing defects, praising when selling, and criticizing when buying."
يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ ارْفَعُوا رُءُوسَكُمْ فَقَدْ وَضَحَ لَكُمُ الطَّرِيقُ تُبْعَثُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فُجَّاراً إِلَّا مَنْ صَدَقَ حَدِيثُهُ
التَّاجِرُ فَاجِرٌ وَ الْفَاجِرُ فِي النَّارِ إِلَّا مَنْ أَخَذَ الْحَقَّ وَ أَعْطَى الْحَقَّ
قَالَ ع يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ صُونُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ[4] تُكَفَّرْ عَنْكُمْ ذُنُوبُكُمْ وَ أَيْمَانَكُمُ الَّتِي تَحْلِفُونَ فِيهَا تُطَيَّبْ لَكُمْ تِجَارَتُكُمْ.
Hadith.3730 - Imam (as) said: "O group of traders, protect your wealth through charity, your sins will be forgiven, and the oaths you make will be purified for you-thus your trade will be blessed."
سَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً ع يَقُولُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ- يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ الْفِقْهَ ثُمَّ الْمَتْجَرَ[1] الْفِقْهَ ثُمَّ الْمَتْجَرَ وَ اللَّهِ لَلرِّبَا فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ دَبِيبٌ أَخْفَى مِنْ دَبِيبِ النَّمْلِ عَلَى الصَّفَا صُونُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ[2] التَّاجِرُ فَاجِرٌ وَ الْفَاجِرُ فِي النَّارِ إِلَّا مَنْ أَخَذَ الْحَقَّ وَ أَعْطَى الْحَقَّ.
I heard Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) saying from the pulpit: "O group of traders! Learn jurisprudence, then engage in trade. Learn jurisprudence, then engage in trade. By Allah (swt), usury in this nation is more hidden than the crawling of an ant on a smooth stone. Protect your wealth through charity. The trader is sin
لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع دَفَعَتْ إِلَيَّ امْرَأَتِي مَالًا أَعْمَلُ بِهِ مَا شِئْتُ فَأَشْتَرِي مِنْ مَالِهَا الْجَارِيَةَ أَطَأُهَا قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا دَفَعَتْ إِلَيْكَ لِتَقَرَّ عَيْنُهَا وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُسْخِنَ عَيْنَهَا[3].
I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "My wife gave me money to use as I wish. Can I buy a bondwoman with her money and have relations with her?" Imam (as) said: "No. She gave it to you to bring comfort to her eyes, and you intend to cause her distress."
لَهُ يَجِيئُنِي الرَّجُلُ فَيَقُولُ تَشْتَرِي لِي فَيَكُونُ مَا عِنْدِي خَيْراً مِنْ مَتَاعِ السُّوقِ قَالَ إِنْ أَمِنْتَ أَلَّا يَتَّهِمَكَ فَأَعْطِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَ إِنْ خِفْتَ أَنْ يَتَّهِمَكَ فَاشْتَرِ لَهُ مِنَ السُّوقِ.
I said to Him (as): "A man comes to me and asks me to buy something for him, but what I have is better than what is available in the market. What should I do?" Imam (as) said: "If you are confident that he will not suspect you, then give him from what you have. But if you fear that he might suspect you, then buy for hi
أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى بَعْضِ أَنْبِيَائِهِ ع لِلْكَرِيمِ فَكَارِمْ[5] وَ لِلسَّمْحِ فَسَامِحْ وَ لِلشَّحِيحِ فَشَاحِحْ وَ عِنْدَ الشَّكِسِ فَالْتَوِ[1].
يَقُولُ السَّمَاحُ وَجْهٌ مِنَ الرَّبَاحِ قَالَ ع ذَلِكَ لِرَجُلٍ يُوصِيهِ وَ مَعَهُ سِلْعَةٌ يَبِيعُهَا[2]
وَ مَرَّ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَى جَارِيَةٍ قَدِ اشْتَرَتْ لَحْماً مِنْ قَصَّابٍ وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ زِدْنِي فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع زِدْهَا فَإِنَّهُ أَعْظَمُ لِلْبَرَكَةِ[3].
Hadith.3736 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) passed by a bondwoman who had bought meat from a butcher and was asking him to add more. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to the butcher: "Give her more, for it brings greater blessings."
إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يُحِبُّ الْعَبْدَ يَكُونُ سَهْلَ الْبَيْعِ سَهْلَ الشِّرَاءِ سَهْلَ الْقَضَاءِ سَهْلَ الِاقْتِضَاءِ[4]
أَيُّمَا مُسْلِمٍ أَقَالَ مُسْلِماً نَدَامَةً فِي الْبَيْعِ أَقَالَهُ اللَّهُ عَثْرَتَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ[5]
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلَى رَجُلٍ وَ مَعَهُ سِلْعَةٌ يُرِيدُ بَيْعَهَا فَقَالَ عَلَيْكَ بِأَوَّلِ السُّوقِ.
Hadith.3739 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) passed by a man who had goods he wanted to sell and said to him, "Go to the beginning of the market."
قَالَ ع صَاحِبُ السِّلْعَةِ أَحَقُّ بِالسَّوْمِ[6].
Hadith.3740 - Imam (as) said: "The owner of the goods has more right to set the price."