Work & Livelihood

وَ نَهَى ص عَنِ السَّوْمِ مَا بَيْنَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ‌[7].

Hadith.3741 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) forbade trading between the rise of dawn and the rise of the sun.

مَاكِسِ الْمُشْتَرِيَ فَإِنَّهُ أَطْيَبُ لِلنَّفْسِ وَ إِنْ أَعْطَى الْجَزِيلَ[1] فَإِنَّ الْمَغْبُونَ فِي بَيْعِهِ وَ شِرَائِهِ غَيْرُ مَحْمُودٍ وَ لَا مَأْجُورٍ

قَالَ ع‌ لَا تُمَاكِسْ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْيَاءَ فِي الْأُضْحِيَّةِ وَ فِي الْكَفَنِ وَ فِي ثَمَنِ نَسَمَةٍ وَ فِي الْكِرَى إِلَى مَكَّةَ[2].

Hadith.3743 - Imam (as) said: "Do not bargain in four things; the sacrificial animal, the shroud, the price of freeing a slave, and the fare to Makkah."

لِقَهْرَمَانِهِ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ لِي مِنْ حَوَائِجِ اَلْحَجِّ شَيْئاً فَاشْتَرِ وَ لاَ تُمَاكِسْ

Hadith.3744 - Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain Zayn Al-Abidin (as) used to say to his steward: "If you intend to buy something for me from the needs of Hajj, then buy it and do not bargain."

لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ الْوَفَاءُ وَ هُوَ إِذَا كَالَ لَمْ يُحْسِنْ أَنْ يَكِيلَ فَقَالَ مَا يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ حَوْلَهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَقُولُونَ لَا يُوفِي قَالَ هُوَ مِمَّنْ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَكِيلَ‌[5].

I said to him, "A man intends to be honest, but when he measures, he does not measure accurately." He (as) asked: "What do those around him say?" I said: "They say he does not give full measure." He (as) said: "He is among those who should not be measuring."

مَنْ أَخَذَ الْمِيزَانَ بِيَدِهِ فَنَوَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لِنَفْسِهِ وَافِياً لَمْ يَأْخُذْهُ إِلَّا رَاجِحاً وَ مَنْ أَعْطَى فَنَوَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَ

لَا يَكُونُ الْوَفَاءُ حَتَّى يَمِيلَ اللِّسَانُ[2].

فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ لَا يَكُونُ الْوَفَاءُ حَتَّى يَرْجَحَ‌[3].

Hadith.3748 - And in another narration: "Fulfillment (of measure) is not achieved until it exceeds (the exact amount)."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع آخُذُ الدَّرَاهِمَ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ فَأَزِنُهَا ثُمَّ أُفَرِّقُهَا وَ يَفْضُلُ فِي يَدِي مِنْهَا فَضْلٌ قَالَ أَ لَيْسَ تَحَرَّى الْوَفَاءَ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[4]. العربون‌[5]

I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I receive dirhams from a man, weigh them, then distribute them, and a surplus remains in my hand. What should I do?" Imam (as) said: "Did you not strive to be accurate in your measure?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Then there is no harm."

لَا يَجُوزُ الْعَرَبُونُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ نَقْداً مِنَ الثَّمَنِ[6].

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ شَرِّ بِقَاعِ الْأَرْضِ وَ خَيْرِ بِقَاعِ الْأَرْضِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص شَرُّ بِقَاعِ الْأَرْضِ الْأَسْوَاقُ وَ هِيَ مَيْدَانُ إِبْلِيسَ يَغْدُو بِرَايَتِهِ وَ يَضَعُ كُرْسِيَّهُ وَ يَبُثُّ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ فَبَيْنَ مُطَفِّفٍ فِي قَفِيزٍ أَوْ طَائِشٍ فِي مِيزَانٍ‌[1] أَوْ سَارِقٍ فِي ذَرْعٍ أَوْ كَاذِبٍ فِي

Hadith.3751 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: A Bedouin from the tribe of Banu 'Amir came to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and asked him about the worst and the best places on earth. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "The worst places on earth are the market

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ سُوقُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَمَسْجِدِهِمْ فَمَنْ سَبَقَ إِلَى مَكَانٍ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ.

Hadith.3752 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "The marketplace of the Muslims is like their mosque. Whoever reaches a spot first has more right to it until the night."

مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً- أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ‌ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ كَبِيراً وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ كَثِيراً وَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ بُكْرَةً وَ أَصِيلًا وَ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ عَدَلَتْ لَهُ حَجَّةً مَبْرُورَةً.

"Whoever enters a marketplace or a congregational mosque and says once: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah (swt), alone, without any partner. Allah (swt) is the Greatest, immensely great. All praise is due to Allah (swt), abundantly. Glory be to Allah (swt), morning and evening. There is no power and no stre

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ أَ مَا لَكَ فِي السُّوقِ مَكَانٌ تَقْعُدُ فِيهِ تُعَامِلُ النَّاسَ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَغْدُو وَ يَرُوحُ إِلَى مَجْلِسِهِ وَ سُوقِهِ فَيَقُولُ حِينَ يَضَعُ رِجْلَهُ فِي السُّوقِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَهَا وَ خَيْرَ أَهْلِهَا وَ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَ شَرِّ أَهْلِهَا إِلَّا وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ- مَنْ يَ

Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "O Abu Al-Fadl, do you not have a place in the market where you sit and deal with people?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Know that any man who goes to his seat in the market, and when he places his foot in the market says: 'O Allah (swt), I ask You for its goodness

وَ رُوِيَ : "أَنَّ مَنْ ذَكَرَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي اَلْأَسْوَاقِ غَفَرَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ بِعَدَدِ مَا فِيهَا مِنْ فَصِيحٍ وَ أَعْجَمَ".

Hadith.3755 - It is narrated: "Whoever remembers Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, in the marketplaces, Allah (swt) will forgive him in proportion to the number of those in it, both those who speak and those who do not."

مَنْ ذَكَرَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ غَفَرَ لَهُ بِعَدَدِ أَهْلِهَا

قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا ع‌ إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ مَتَاعاً فَكَبِّرِ اللَّهَ ثَلَاثاً ثُمَّ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ خَيْرِكَ فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ خَيْراً اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ فَضْلًا اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ رِزْقِكَ فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ رِزْقاً ثُمَّ أَعِدْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهَا

One of the Imams (as) said: "When you purchase merchandise, glorify Allah (swt) (say Allahu Akbar) three times, then say: O Allah (swt), I have purchased it seeking Your goodness, so make goodness for me in it. O Allah (swt), I have purchased it seeking Your bounty, so make bounty for me in it. O Allah (swt), I have pu

وَ كَانَ الرِّضَا ع يَكْتُبُ عَلَى الْمَتَاعِ بَرَكَةٌ لَنَا[1].

Hadith.3758 - Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) used to write on merchandise: "Blessing for us."

مَنِ اشْتَرَى دَابَّةً فَلْيَقُمْ مِنْ جَانِبِهَا الْأَيْسَرِ وَ يَأْخُذُ نَاصِيَتَهَا بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى وَ يَقْرَأُ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ وَ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ وَ الْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ وَ آخِرَ الْحَشْرِ وَ آخِرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قُلِ ادْعُوا اللَّهَ أَوِ ادْعُوا الرَّحْمنَ وَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَمَانُ تِلْكَ الدَّابَّةِ مِنَ الْآفَاتِ.

إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ جَارِيَةً فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَشِيرُكَ وَ أَسْتَخِيرُكَ[2] وَ إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ دَابَّةً أَوْ رَأْساً فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ قَدِّرْ لِي أَطْوَلَهُنَّ حَيَاةً وَ أَكْثَرَهُنَّ مَنْفَعَةً وَ خَيْرَهُنَّ عَاقِبَةً.

فِي الْحَيَوَانِ كُلِّهِ شَرْطُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ لِلْمُشْتَرِي فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ فِيهَا إِنِ اشْتَرَطَ أَوْ لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ[3].

قَالَ ع‌[4] أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ بَيْعاً فَهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ حَتَّى‌

Hadith.3762 - Imam (as) said: "Whenever a man buys something from another man, they both have the option (to cancel the deal) until they part ways. Once they part, the sale becomes binding."

قَالَ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ عَبْداً أَوْ دَابَّةً وَ شَرَطَ يَوْماً أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ فَمَاتَ الْعَبْدُ أَوْ نَفَقَتِ الدَّابَّةُ[2] أَوْ حَدَثَ فِيهِ حَدَثٌ عَلَى مَنِ الضَّمَانُ قَالَ لَا ضَمَانَ عَلَى الْمُبْتَاعِ حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ الشَّرْطُ وَ يَصِيرَ الْمَبِيعُ لَهُ‌[3].

Hadith.3763 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who purchased a slave or an animal from another man and stipulated a condition for one or two days. If the slave dies, the animal perishes, or a defect occurs during that period, who is responsible for the loss? Imam (as) said: "There is no liability on the buyer until the

مَنِ اشْتَرَى بَيْعاً وَ مَضَتْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَمْ يَجِئْ فَلَا بَيْعَ لَهُ[4].

الْمُسْلِمُونَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ إِلَّا كُلَّ شَرْطٍ خَالَفَ- كِتَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلَا يَجُوزُ[6].

لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي مِنَ الرَّجُلِ الْمَتَاعَ ثُمَّ يَدَعُهُ عِنْدَهُ يَقُولُ حَتَّى آتِيَكَ بِثَمَنِهِ فَقَالَ إِنْ جَاءَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا بَيْعَ لَهُ‌[1].

I asked him about a man who buys merchandise from another man and then leaves it with him, saying, "I will bring you its price." Imam (as) said: "If he brings the payment within three days, then the sale is valid; otherwise, there is no sale for him."

"إِنْ حَدَثَ بِالْحَيَوَانِ حَدَثٌ قَبْلَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَهُوَ مِنْ مَالِ اَلْبَائِعِ".

"If an animal develops a defect within three days, it is the responsibility of the seller."

لَهُ يَا أَبَةِ عَجَّلْتَ بِالْقِيَامِ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَجِبَ الْبَيْعُ‌[1].

Hadith.3768 - It is narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), that he said: "My father (as) purchased a piece of land called Al-Urayd. When he finalized the purchase, he immediately stood up and left. Imam Al Sadiq (as) said to Imam Al Baqir (as): 'O father, you left in haste.' Imam Al Baqir (as) replied: 'O my

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ ابْتَعْتُ أَرْضاً فَلَمَّا اسْتَوْجَبْتُهَا[2] قُمْتُ فَمَشَيْتُ خُطًا ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَجِبَ الْبَيْعُ حِينَ الِافْتِرَاقِ.

I heard Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "I purchased a piece of land, and when I finalized the purchase, I stood up and walked a few steps, then returned. I did this to make the sale binding at the time of separation."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّا نُخَالِطُ قَوْماً مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّوَادِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ فَنَبِيعُهُمْ وَ نَرْبَحُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَشَرَةَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ وَ الْعَشَرَةَ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ وَ نُؤَخِّرُ ذَلِكَ فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمُ السَّنَةَ وَ نَحْوَهَا فَيَكْتُبُ الرَّجُلُ لَنَا بِهَا عَلَى دَارِهِ أَوْ عَلَى أَرْضِهِ بِذَلِكَ الْمَالِ الَّذِي فِيهِ الْفَضْلُ الَّذِي أَخَذَ مِنَّا شِرًى بِأَنَّهُ قَدْ بَاعَهُ وَ

I said to Abu Abdillah (as): "We deal with some people from the rural areas and others. We sell to them and make a profit - sometimes ten becomes twelve, and sometimes ten becomes thirteen. We allow them to defer payment for a year or so, and they provide us with a written guarantee secured by their house or land for t

سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ اِحْتَاجَ إِلَى بَيْعِ دَارِهِ فَجَاءَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ فَقَالَ أَبِيعُكَ دَارِي هَذِهِ فَتَكُونُ لَكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لِغَيْرِكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَشْتَرِطَ لِي إِنْ أَنَا جِئْتُكَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ أَنْ تَرُدَّهَا عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَذَا إِنْ جَاءَ بِثَمَنِهَا إِلَى سَنَةٍ رَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ فِيهَا غَلَّةٌ كَ

Hadith.3771 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): A man asked him while I was present, saying: "A Muslim man needed to sell his house, so he came to his brother and said: 'I will sell you my house. It is more beloved to me that it belongs to you than to someone else, on the condition that if I bring you it

"إِذَا اِشْتَرَيْتَ مَتَاعاً فِيهِ كَيْلٌ أَوْ وَزْنٌ فَلاَ تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُوَلِّيَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لاَ وَزْنٌ فَبِعْهُ ".

"If you purchase goods that require measuring or weighing, do not sell them until you take possession of them - unless you appoint someone to take possession on your behalf. However, if the goods do not require measuring or weighing, then you may sell them immediately."

لِلرَّجُلِ انْطَلِقْ فَاسْتَوْفِ حَقَّكَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌[2].

Hadith.3773 - Abd Al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who owed a kurr (a measure) of food and then purchased a kurr from another man. He said to the seller, "Go and take your right (measure) from the food I owe." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

إِنْ كَانَ يَوْمَ ابْتَاعَهُ سَاعَرَهُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَهُوَ ذَاكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَاعَرَهُ فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ سِعْرُ يَوْمِهِ‌[3] قَالَ وَ قَالَ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ لَوْنَانِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَاحِدٍ قَدْ سَعَّرَهُمَا بِشَيْ‌ءٍ وَ أَحَدُهُمَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْآخَرِ فَيَخْلِطُهُمَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهُمَا بِسِعْرٍ وَاحِدٍ قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ يَغُشَّ بِهِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَه

Hadith.3774 - Abdullah ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who purchased food with dirhams from another man, took half of it, and then returned later - after the price of the food had either increased or decreased. Imam (as) said: "If, on the day he purchased it, they agreed on a

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ يَشْتَرِي الطَّعَامَ فَيَتَغَيَّرُ سِعْرُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفِيَ لَهُ كَمَا أَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِ فَضْلٌ أَخَذَهُ.

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who purchases food, and its price changes before he takes possession of it. Imam (as) said: "I prefer that he honors the agreement (at the original price), just as he would have taken the benefit if there had been an increase in value."

لَا يَصْلُحُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَبِيعَ بِصَاعٍ غَيْرِ صَاعِ الْمِصْرِ[4].

سَأَلَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ الْحَنَّاطُ فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ أَبِيعُ الطَّعَامَ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَأَجِي‌ءُ وَ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ الطَّعَامُ مِنْ سِعْرِهِ فَيَقُولُ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي دَرَاهِمُ قَالَ خُذْ مِنْهُ بِسِعْرِ يَوْمِهِ قَالَ أَفْهَمُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ طَعَامِيَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ مِنِّي‌[1] قَالَ لَا تَأْخُذْ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَبِيعَ وَ يُعْطِيَكَ قَالَ أَرْغَمَ اللَّهُ أَنْفِي رَخَّص

Hadith.3777 - It is narrated from Abd Al-Samad ibn Bashir, from Abu Abdillah (as): Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim Al-Hannat asked him, "May Allah (swt) keep you well. I sell food to a man on credit, and when I go to collect payment, the price of the food has changed, and he says, 'I do not have dirhams.' What should I do?" Imam

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي طَعَاماً فَيَكُونُ أَحْسَنَ لَهُ وَ أَنْفَقَ أَنْ يَبُلَّهُ‌[3] مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَلْتَمِسَ زِيَادَةً فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَا يُصْلِحُهُ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ وَ لَا يُنْفِقُهُ غَيْرُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَلْتَمِسَ فِيهِ الزِّيَادَةَ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ إِنَّمَا يَغُشُّ بِهِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلَا يَصْلُحُ.

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who buys food and finds it more suitable and marketable if he moistens it, without intending to increase its weight. Imam (as) said: "If it cannot be preserved or sold without doing that, and there is no intention of increasing its weight, then there is no harm. But if the purpose

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْقَوْمِ يَدْخُلُونَ السَّفِينَةَ يَشْتَرُونَ الطَّعَامَ فَيُسَاوِمُونَ مِنْهُ‌[4] ثُمَّ يَشْتَرِيهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَيَسْأَلُونَهُ فَيُعْطِيهِمْ مَا يُرِيدُونَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَيَكُونُ صَاحِبُ الطَّعَامِ هُوَ الَّذِي يَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَقْبِضُ الثَّمَنَ‌[5] قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ مَا أَرَاهُمْ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ شَارَكُوهُ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ صَاحِبَ الطَّعَامِ يَدْعُو الْكَيَّالَ فَيَكِيلُهُ

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a group of people who board a ship to purchase food. They negotiate the price, and one of them buys it. Then the others request portions of the food from him, and he provides it to them while the seller handles the weighing and receives the payment. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in t

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَشْتَرِي طَعَاماً إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَيَطْلُبُهُ التُّجَّارُ مِنِّي بَعْدَ مَا اشْتَرَيْتُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تَبِيعَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ كَمَا اشْتَرَيْتَهُ وَ لَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَ أَوْ تَقْبِضَ‌[3] قُلْتُ فَإِذَا قَبَضْتُهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَلِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَهُ بِكَيْلِهِ‌[4] قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا رَضُوا وَ قَالَ ع كُلُّ طَعَامٍ اشْتَرَيْتَهُ مِنْ ب

I asked Abu Abdillah (as): "I buy food on deferred payment until a specified time, and then merchants request to buy it from me before I take possession of it." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in selling it on deferred payment, as you purchased it, but you are not allowed to hand it over or take possession of it befo

لِلْمُشْتَرِي ابْتَعْ‌ مِنِّي هَذَا الْعِدْلَ الْآخَرَ بِغَيْرِ كَيْلٍ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ مَا فِي الْآخَرِ الَّذِي ابْتَعْتَهُ قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ إِلَّا بِكَيْلٍ‌[1] قَالَ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلًا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَصْلُحُ مُجَازَفَةً[2] هَذَا مِمَّا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ بَيْعِ الطَّعَامِ.

Hadith.3781 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who purchased a measured amount of food from another man, and then the seller said to the buyer, "Buy this other sack without measuring it, for it contains the same amount as the one you already purchased." Imam (as) said: "This i

لَا بَأْسَ وَ لَكِنْ لَا تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَكِيلَهُ‌[3].

Hadith.3782 - Abd Al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who buys food and then sells it back to the same seller based on the original measurement, trusting him regarding the quantity. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in this, but do not sell it until you measure it."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ فُضُولِ الْكَيْلِ وَ الْمَوَازِينِ فَقَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ تَعَدَّى فَلَا بَأْسَ‌[4].

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about the excess that may result from measuring or weighing. Imam (as) said: "If there is no deliberate excess (beyond fairness), then there is no harm."

لَا بَأْسَ‌[6].

Hadith.3784 - Jamil asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who buys straw from a threshing floor, each load (kurr) for a specified price, and takes possession of the straw but sells it before measuring the grain. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ طَعَامِ قَرْيَةٍ بِعَيْنِهِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِنْ خَرَجَ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ كَانَ دَيْناً عَلَيْهِ‌[1].

I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who purchased food specifically from a village. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that. If the food is delivered, it belongs to him. But if it is not delivered, then it remains a debt upon the seller."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قُلْتُ إِنَّا نَشْتَرِي الطَّعَامَ مِنَ السُّفُنِ ثُمَّ نَكِيلُهُ فَيَزِيدُ[2] قَالَ وَ رُبَّمَا نَقَصَ عَلَيْكُمْ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَإِذَا نَقَصَ يَرُدُّونَ عَلَيْكُمْ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.

I asked Abu Abdillah (as): "We buy food from ships, and then we measure it, sometimes finding an excess." Imam (as) said: "And perhaps it might sometimes be less for you?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "If it is less, do they compensate you?" I said: "No." Imam (as) said: "Then there is no harm."

لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِنْ وَجَدَ بِهَا رِبْحاً فَلْيَبِعْ‌[4] قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ ع عَنْ شِرَاءِ النَّخْلِ وَ الْكَرْمِ وَ الثِّمَارِ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ وَ أَرْبَعَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ تَقُولُ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ يَخْرُجْ فِي قَابِلٍ وَ إِنِ اشْتَرَيْتَهُ سَنَةً وَاحِدَةً فَلَا تَشْتَرِهِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ‌[5] قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الثَّمَرَةَ الْمُسَمَّاةَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فَتَهْلِكُ ثَمَر

Hadith.3787 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who buys fruits and then sells them before taking possession of them. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if he finds profit in them; let him sell." Imam (as) was asked about purchasing palm trees, grapevines, and f

لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قَالَ وَ كَانَ مَوْلًى لَهُ عِنْدَهُ‌ جَالِساً فَقَالَ الْمَوْلَى إِنَّهُ لَيَبِيعُ وَ يَسْتَثْنِي أَوْسَاقاً يَعْنِي أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يُنْكِرْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ.

Hadith.3788 - Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Ribi, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who sells fruits and then excludes a specific measure (a portion) of dates, Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." It was mentioned that one of his servants was sitting with him, and the servant said: "He indeed sel

لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مَعَهَا شَيْئاً مِنْ غَيْرِهَا رَطْبَةً أَوْ بَقْلَةً فَيَقُولُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذِهِ الرَّطْبَةَ وَ هَذَا النَّخْلَ وَ هَذَا الشَّجَرَ[2] بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَخْرُجِ الثَّمَرَةُ كَانَ رَأْسُ مَالِ الْمُشْتَرِي فِي الرَّطْبَةِ وَ الْبَقْلِ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ وَرَقِ الشَّجَرِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ شِرَاؤُهُ ثَلَاثَ خَرَطَاتٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ خَرَطَاتٍ فَقَالَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْوَرَقَ

I asked him about selling fruits-whether it is permissible to buy them before their buds appear. Imam (as) said: "No, except if he buys something along with it, like fresh greens or vegetables, and says: 'I am buying these greens, this palm tree, and this tree for such and such price.' If the fruit does not emerge, the

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى بُسْتَاناً فِيهِ نَخْلٌ وَ شَجَرٌ مِنْهُ مَا قَدْ أَطْعَمَ وَ مِنْهُ مَا لَمْ يُطْعِمْ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَ فِيهِ مَا قَدْ أَطْعَمَ‌[4].

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who bought an orchard that contained palm trees and other trees, some of which had already borne fruit and others had not yet borne fruit. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if there are trees that have already borne fruit."