إِنَّمَا الْوُضُوءُ حَدٌّ مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ لِيَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ مَنْ يُطِيعُهُ وَ مَنْ يَعْصِيهِ وَ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ[2] إِنَّمَا يَكْفِيهِ مِثْلُ الدَّهْنِ.
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Wudu’ is one of the boundaries Allah has established so that He finds out who obeys or disobeys Him. The believing people do not allow it (their body) to remain unclean. It is sufficient to use a small amount of water like rubbing oil on one’s body.’”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَبِي كَانَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ لِلْوُضُوءِ حَدّاً مَنْ تَعَدَّاهُ لَمْ يُؤْجَرْ وَ كَانَ أَبِي يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا يَتَلَدَّدُ[3] فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ مَا حَدُّهُ قَالَ تَغْسِلُ وَجْهَكَ وَ يَدَيْكَ وَ تَمْسَحُ رَأْسَكَ وَ رِجْلَيْكَ.
3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and abu Dawud all from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Dawud ibn Farqad who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘My father would say, “Wudu 5 has certain limits. If one trespasses such limits, he will not recei
الْجُنُبُ مَا جَرَى عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ قَلِيلُهُ وَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَهُ.
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘In taking a Ghusl (bath) because of sexual relations it is sufficient to allow water flow, a small or plenty of water over one’s body. This is sufficient for such Ghusl (bath).”’
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ غُسْلِ الْجَنَابَةِ كَمْ يُجْزِئُ مِنَ الْمَاءِ فَقَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَغْتَسِلُ بِخَمْسَةِ أَمْدَادٍ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ صَاحِبَتِهِ وَ يَغْتَسِلَانِ جَمِيعاً مِنْ إِنَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah or abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about how much water is needed for Ghusl (bath) because of sexual relations. He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah would use five handfuls of water, share it with his partner, and both of them would take Ghusl (bath) from the same water container.’”
يُجْزِئُكَ مِنَ الْغُسْلِ وَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءِ مَا مُلِئَتْ[1] يَمِينُكَ.
‘An amount of water which can fill up your right hand is sufficient for your Ghusl (bath) and washing clean your urethra.’”
إِذَا مَسَّ جِلْدَكَ الْمَاءُ فَحَسْبُكَ.
‘It is sufficient for Wudu’ to allow water to touch your skin (of the parts to be washed for Wudu’).”’
قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يُجْنِبُ فَيَرْتَمِسُ فِي الْمَاءِ ارْتِمَاسَةً وَاحِدَةً فَيَخْرُجُ يُجْزِئُهُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.
“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who after sexual relations immerses his whole body in water at once and comes out. ‘Is this sufficient for Ghusl (bath)?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, it is sufficient.’”
إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَلَكاً يَكْتُبُ سَرَفَ الْوَضُوءِ كَمَا يَكْتُبُ عُدْوَانَهُ[2].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah has an angel who writes down one’s acting excessively or transgressing limits.’”
رَكْعَتَانِ بِالسِّوَاكِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ رَكْعَةً بِغَيْرِ سِوَاكٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَوْ لَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالسِّوَاكِ مَعَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Performing two Rak‘at Salah (prayer) with one’s teeth brushed is better than seventy Rak‘at without one’s teeth brushed. The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Were it not to cause hardships to my followers, I would command them to brush their teeth for every Salah (prayer).”’
مِنْ سُنَنِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ السِّوَاكُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Brushing one’s teeth is of the traditions of the messengers (of Allah).”
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَا زَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع يُوصِينِي بِالسِّوَاكِ حَتَّى خِفْتُ أَنْ أُحْفِيَ أَوْ أَدْرَدَ[1].
‘The Holy prophet has said, “Jibril continued urging me to brush my teeth, until I became fearful of the falling off of my teeth.’””
لَا تَدَعْهُ فِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثٍ وَ لَوْ أَنْ تُمِرَّهُ مَرَّةً.
“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘You must not neglect brushing after every third (Salah (prayer)) even though it is a light one (brushing).”’
أَدْنَى السِّوَاكِ أَنْ تَدْلُكَ بِإِصْبَعِكَ.
“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘The least for brushing is using one’s fingers as a tooth brush.”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ السِّوَاكِ بَعْدَ الْوُضُوءِ فَقَالَ الِاسْتِيَاكُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَتَوَضَّأَ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ نَسِيَ حَتَّى يَتَوَضَّأَ قَالَ يَسْتَاكُ ثُمَّ يَتَمَضْمَضُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ. - وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ السُّنَّةَ فِي السِّوَاكِ فِي وَقْتِ السَّحَرِ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about brushing one’s teeth after Wudu’. He (the Imam) said, ‘Brushing is before Wudu’.’ I then asked, ‘What should one do if he forgets and remembers only after Wudu’?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘In such case he should brush and then rinse his mouth three times.’”
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِذَا قُمْتَ بِاللَّيْلِ فَاسْتَكْ فَإِنَّ الْمَلَكَ يَأْتِيكَ فَيَضَعُ فَاهُ عَلَى فِيكَ وَ لَيْسَ مِنْ حَرْفٍ تَتْلُوهُ وَ تَنْطِقُ بِهِ إِلَّا صَعِدَ بِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَلْيَكُنْ فُوكَ طَيِّبَ الرِّيحِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you wake up during the night (for Salah (prayer)) you should brush your teeth; the angel comes and places his mouth over your mouth. Every word you say, he climbs with it to the heaven. Your mouth should have a pleasant smell.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَضْمَضَةِ وَ الِاسْتِنْشَاقِ أَ مِنَ الْوُضُوءِ هِيَ قَالَ لَا.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ’Is rinsing one’s mouth and nostrils part of Wudu’?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, they are not part of Wudu’.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَضْمَضَةِ وَ الِاسْتِنْشَاقِ قَالَ لَيْسَ هُمَا مِنَ الْوُضُوءِ هُمَا مِنَ الْجَوْفِ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about rinsing one’s mouth and nostrils. He (the Imam) said, ‘They are not part of Wudu’.’”
لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ مَضْمَضَةٌ وَ لَا اسْتِنْشَاقٌ لِأَنَّهُمَا مِنَ الْجَوْفِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You do not have to rinse your mouth and nostril (for Wudu’); they are of the inside parts of the body.’”
حَكَى لَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وُضُوءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَدَعَا بِقَدَحٍ فَأَخَذَ كَفّاً مِنْ مَاءٍ فَأَسْدَلَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ[1] ثُمَّ مَسَحَ وَجْهَهُ مِنَ الْجَانِبَيْنِ جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ أَعَادَ يَدَهُ الْيُسْرَى فِي الْإِنَاءِ فَأَسْدَلَهَا عَلَى يَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى ثُمَّ مَسَحَ جَوَانِبَهَا ثُمَّ أَعَادَ الْيُمْنَى فِي الْإِنَاءِ فَصَبَّهَا عَلَى الْيُسْرَى ثُمَّ صَنَعَ بِهَا كَمَا صَنَعَ بِالْيُمْنَى ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ب
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once demonstrated for us how the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu. He asked for a glass of water. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his hand allowed it to flow down his face and wiped both sides of his face. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his left hand allowed it
أَ لَا أَحْكِي لَكُمْ وُضُوءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَخَذَ بِكَفِّهِ الْيُمْنَى كَفّاً مِنْ مَاءٍ فَغَسَلَ بِهِ وَجْهَهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ الْيُسْرَى كَفّاً مِنْ مَاءٍ فَغَسَلَ بِهِ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى كَفّاً مِنْ مَاءٍ فَغَسَلَ بِهِ يَدَهُ الْيُسْرَى ثُمَّ مَسَحَ بِفَضْلِ يَدَيْهِ رَأْسَهُ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ.
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once said, ‘Allow me to demonstrate before you how the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu’. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his right hand washed his face. He (the Imam) then with some water in the palm of his left hand washed his right hand. He (the Imam) then with some water in t
يَأْخُذُ أَحَدُكُمُ الرَّاحَةَ مِنَ الدُّهْنِ فَيَمْلَأُ بِهَا جَسَدَهُ- وَ الْمَاءُ أَوْسَعُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَ لَا أَحْكِي لَكُمْ وُضُوءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِي الْإِنَاءِ وَ لَمْ يَغْسِلْ يَدَهُ فَأَخَذَ كَفّاً مِنْ مَاءٍ فَصَبَّهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ جَانِبَيْهِ حَتَّى مَسَحَهُ كُلَّهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ كَفّاً آخَرَ بِيَمِينِهِ فَصَبَّهُ عَلَى يَسَارِهِ ثُمَّ غَسَلَ بِهِ ذِرَاعَ
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once said, ‘When one of you wants to mb oil over his body, he does so only with some oil in the palm of his hand and covers his whole body. Water, however, is more plentiful. Do you want me to demonstrate how the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu’?’ I said, ‘Please do so.’ He (the Imam) then placed
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ لَا أَحْكِي لَكُمْ وُضُوءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقُلْنَا بَلَى فَدَعَا بِقَعْبٍ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ حَسَرَ[1] عَنْ ذِرَاعَيْهِ ثُمَّ غَمَسَ فِيهِ كَفَّهُ الْيُمْنَى ثُمَّ قَالَ هَكَذَا إِذَا كَانَتِ الْكَفُّ طَاهِرَةً ثُمَّ غَرَفَ فَمَلَأَهَا مَاءً فَوَضَعَهَا عَلَى جَبِينِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ سَدَلَهُ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ لِحْيَتِهِ ثُمَّ أَمَ
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once said to us, ‘Should I demonstrate for you how the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu’?’ We replied, ‘Yes, please do so.’ He (the Imam) then asked for a bowl with a quantity of water in it. He (the Imam) placed it in front of him and uncovered both his forearms. He (the Imam) then immersed the p
أَنَّهُمَا سَأَلَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ وُضُوءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَدَعَا بِطَسْتٍ أَوْ تَوْرٍ فِيهِ[1] مَاءٌ فَغَمَسَ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى فَغَرَفَ بِهَا غُرْفَةً فَصَبَّهَا عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَغَسَلَ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ ثُمَّ غَمَسَ كَفَّهُ الْيُسْرَى فَغَرَفَ بِهَا غُرْفَةً فَأَفْرَغَ عَلَى ذِرَاعِهِ الْيُمْنَى فَغَسَلَ بِهَا ذِرَاعَهُ مِنَ الْمِرْفَقِ إِلَى الْكَفِّ لَا يَرُدُّهَا إِلَى الْمِرْفَقِ ثُمَّ غَمَسَ كَفَّهُ ال
“Once we asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the manner the Messenger of Allah would take Wudu’ He (the Imam) then asked for a washbasin or a pail with some water in it. He then immersed his right hand in it, took some water in the palm of his hand and poured it on his face. He washed his face with it. He then immersed his
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْوُضُوءِ لِلصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ مَرَّةٌ مَرَّةٌ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about Wudu’ for Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is (washing the face) once and (hands) once.’”
الْوُضُوءُ وَاحِدَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ وَصَفَ الْكَعْبَ فِي ظَهْرِ الْقَدَمِ.
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Wudu’ is one (washing of the face and hands) and one (wiping of the head and feet).’ He (the Imam) then explained about the ankle in the back of the foot.’”
كُنْتُ قَاعِداً عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَدَعَا بِمَاءٍ فَمَلَأَ بِهِ كَفَّهُ فَعَمَّ بِهِ وَجْهَهُ ثُمَّ مَلَأَ كَفَّهُ فَعَمَّ بِهِ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى ثُمَّ مَلَأَ كَفَّهُ فَعَمَّ بِهِ يَدَهُ الْيُسْرَى ثُمَّ مَسَحَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ هَذَا وُضُوءُ مَنْ لَمْ يُحْدِثْ حَدَثاً يَعْنِي بِهِ التَّعَدِّيَ فِي الْوُضُوءِ.
“Once I was in the presence of Abu’Abd Allah (a.s.). He (the Imam) asked for water. He then filled up his hand with water and allowed it to flow over all of his face. He then filled the palm of his hand with water and washed it with his right hand. He then filled the palm of his right hand with water, washed therewith
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْوُضُوءِ فَقَالَ مَا كَانَ وُضُوءُ عَلِيٍّ ع إِلَّا مَرَّةً مَرَّةً. هَذَا دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الْوُضُوءَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مَرَّةٌ مَرَّةٌ لِأَنَّهُ ص كَانَ إِذَا وَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرَانِ كِلَاهُمَا لِلَّهِ طَاعَةٌ أَخَذَ بِأَحْوَطِهِمَا وَ أَشَدِّهِمَا عَلَى بَدَنِهِ وَ إِنَّ الَّذِي جَاءَ عَنْهُمْ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ الْوُضُوءُ مَرَّتَانِ إِنَّهُ هُوَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يُقْنِعْهُ مَرَّةٌ
“I once asked abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.), about Wudu’. He (the Imam) said, ‘Wudu’ of Ali (a.s.), was once (washing of face and hands) and once (wiping of head and feet).’” This is evidence that ablution is only "once and once", because he (sw) whenever faced two matters, both of which were in obedience of Allah, he would tak
قُلْتُ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ حَدِّ الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يُوَضَّأَ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَالَ الْوَجْهُ الَّذِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِغَسْلِهِ الَّذِي لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَزِيدَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا يَنْقُصَ مِنْهُ إِنْ زَادَ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يُؤْجَرْ وَ إِنْ نَقَصَ مِنْهُ أَثِمَ مَا دَارَتْ عَلَيْهِ السَّبَّابَةُ وَ الْوُسْطَى وَ الْإِبْهَامُ مِنْ قُصَاصِ الرَّأْسِ إِلَى الذَّق
“I once asked him (the Imam) about the limits of the face that must be washed for Wudu’ about which Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has also spoken. He (the Imam) said, ‘The face which Allah, most High, has commanded to wash to the limits of which no one has permission for addition or reduction; for addition one c
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَوَضَّأُ أَ يُبَطِّنُ لِحْيَتَهُ قَالَ لَا.
“I asked one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who takes Wudu’, ‘Is he required to wash inside his beard?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘No, he is not required to do so.’”
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا تَضْرِبُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ بِالْمَاءِ ضَرْباً إِذَا تَوَضَّأْتُمْ وَ لَكِنْ شُنُّوا الْمَاءَ شَنّاً.
The Messenger of Allah has said, “Do not strike water against your face when taking Wudu’. Allow the water to flow over your face.’”
كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ حَدِّ الْوَجْهِ فَكَتَبَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الشَّعْرِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْوَجْهِ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْجَبِينَيْنِ.
‘It is from the hairline down to the end and (beginning of) both brows.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَ أَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى الْمَرافِقِ فَقُلْتُ هَكَذَا وَ مَسَحْتُ مِنْ ظَهْرِ كَفِّي إِلَى الْمِرْفَقِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هَكَذَا تَنْزِيلُهَا إِنَّمَا هِيَ فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَ أَيْدِيَكُمْ مِنَ الْمَرَافِقِ[2] ثُمَّ أَمَرَّ يَدَهُ مِنْ مِرْفَقِهِ إِلَى أَصَابِعِهِ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, the most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . wash your faces and hands to the elbow. . .’ and I passed my hand over my hand to my elbow asking, ‘Should I wash in this manner?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not revealed for that manner. It is only “wash your faces
فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ فِي الْوُضُوءِ لِلصَّلَاةِ أَنْ يَبْتَدِئْنَ بِبَاطِنِ أَذْرُعِهِنَّ وَ فِي الرِّجَالِ بِظَاهِرِ الذِّرَاعِ.
“Abu al-Hassan, al-Rida (a.s.), has said, ‘In the case of women about Wudu’ for Salah (prayer), Allah has made it obligatory in washing their hands to pour water over the interior side of their forearm and for men to pour water over the exterior side of their forearms.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْأَقْطَعِ الْيَدِ وَ الرِّجْلِ قَالَ يَغْسِلُهُمَا[1].
“I once, asked Abu Ja’far (a.s.), about rules of Wudu’ in the case of a cut-off hand or leg. He (the Imam) said, ‘One must wash them.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْأَقْطَعِ قَالَ يَغْسِلُ مَا قُطِعَ مِنْهُ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a cut-off hand for Wudu’. He (the Imam) said, ‘One must wash the cut-off part.”’
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُطِعَتْ يَدُهُ مِنَ الْمِرْفَقِ كَيْفَ يَتَوَضَّأُ قَالَ يَغْسِلُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ عَضُدِهِ.
“I asked my brother, Musa ibn Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man whose hand is cut off from the elbow. How he should take Wudu’? He (the Imam) said, ‘He must wash what is left of his arm.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّ أُنَاساً يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ بَطْنَ الْأُذُنَيْنِ مِنَ الْوَجْهِ وَ ظَهْرَهُمَا مِنَ الرَّأْسِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمَا غَسْلٌ وَ لَا مَسْحٌ.
“I once said to abu Ja’far (a.s.), ‘There are people who say that the inside of ears is (part) of the face and their outside is (part) of the head.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no washing or wiping for them.’”
يُجْزِئُ مِنَ الْمَسْحِ عَلَى الرَّأْسِ مَوْضِعُ ثَلَاثِ أَصَابِعَ وَ كَذَلِكَ الرِّجْلُ.
“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ’For wiping the head it is sufficient to wipe a portion of it the size of three fingers and so also is the case of the feet.’”
الْأُذُنَانِ لَيْسَا مِنَ الْوَجْهِ وَ لَا مِنَ الرَّأْسِ قَالَ وَ ذُكِرَ الْمَسْحُ فَقَالَ امْسَحْ عَلَى مُقَدَّمِ رَأْسِكَ وَ امْسَحْ عَلَى الْقَدَمَيْنِ وَ ابْدَأْ بِالشِّقِّ الْأَيْمَنِ.
“Ears are not (part) of the face or the head.“ He (Muhammad ibn Muslim) has said that wiping was mentioned, so he (the Imam) said, “You must wipe the front portion of your head, and you must wipe the two feet. You must first wipe the right side (foot).”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ تَوَضَّأَ وَ هُوَ مُعْتَمٌّ فَثَقُلَ عَلَيْهِ نَزْعُ الْعِمَامَةِ لِمَكَانِ الْبَرْدِ فَقَالَ لِيُدْخِلْ إِصْبَعَهُ.
‘He can push his finger under the turban.”’
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ لَا تُخْبِرُنِي مِنْ أَيْنَ عَلِمْتَ وَ قُلْتَ إِنَّ الْمَسْحَ بِبَعْضِ الرَّأْسِ وَ بَعْضِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ فَضَحِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا زُرَارَةُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ نَزَلَ بِهِ الْكِتَابُ مِنَ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ فَعَرَفْنَا أَنَّ الْوَجْهَ كُلَّهُ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُغْسَلَ ثُمَّ قَالَ- وَ أَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى الْمَرافِقِ ثُمَّ فَصَّلَ
“I once said to abu Ja’far (a.s.), ’Please teach me on what basis you say that wiping is only on certain portions of the head and feet.’ He (the Imam) smiled and then said, ‘O Zurarah, the Messenger of Allah has said so and the book from Allah is revealed about it. It is because Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, say
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع الْمَرْأَةُ يُجْزِئُهَا مِنْ مَسْحِ الرَّأْسِ أَنْ تَمْسَحَ مُقَدَّمَهُ قَدْرَ ثَلَاثِ أَصَابِعَ وَ لَا تُلْقِيَ عَنْهَا خِمَارَهَا.
“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘In the case of women it is sufficient for them to wipe the front portion of their head the size of three fingers without removing their head scarf.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَسْحِ عَلَى الْقَدَمَيْنِ كَيْفَ هُوَ فَوَضَعَ كَفَّهُ عَلَى الْأَصَابِعِ فَمَسَحَهَا إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِ إِلَى ظَاهِرِ الْقَدَمِ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ بِإِصْبَعَيْنِ مِنْ أَصَابِعِهِ هَكَذَا فَقَالَ لَا إِلَّا بِكَفِّهِ[2].
“I once asked abu al-Hassan, al-Rida (a.s.), about wiping the backs of the feet as to how they must be wiped. He (the Imam) placed the palm of his hand over his toes add wiped to the ankles over the back of the feet. I then said, ’I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what happens if one places two
الْأَمْرُ فِي مَسْحِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ مُوَسَّعٌ مَنْ شَاءَ مَسَحَ مُقْبِلًا وَ مَنْ شَاءَ مَسَحَ مُدْبِراً فَإِنَّهُ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ الْمُوَسَّعِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
“One who had seen abu al-Hassan (a.s.), in Mina narrated to me that he (the Imam) wiped over his feet to the ankles and from the ankles toward the backs of his feet and said that the matter about wiping the feet is simple. One may wipe forward or backward; it is one of the matters in which ease is granted by the will o
قَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّكَ تَوَضَّأْتَ فَجَعَلْتَ مَسْحَ الرِّجْلَيْنِ غَسْلًا ثُمَّ أَضْمَرْتَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْمُفْتَرَضُ لَمْ يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ بِوُضُوءٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْدَأْ بِالْمَسْحِ عَلَى الرِّجْلَيْنِ فَإِنْ بَدَا لَكَ غَسْلٌ فَغَسَلْتَ فَامْسَحْ بَعْدَهُ لِيَكُونَ آخِرَ ذَلِكَ الْمُفْتَرَضِ[1].
“He (the Imam) has said, ‘If you take Wudu’ and instead of wiping your feet wash them, thinking that this is what is obligatory, it is not considered Wudu’.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘First you must wipe your feet. Then if you like to wash them and you did so thereafter wipe them to make it the last obligatory act (of
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّهُ يَأْتِي عَلَى الرَّجُلِ سِتُّونَ وَ سَبْعُونَ سَنَةً مَا قَبِلَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ صَلَاةً قُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ ذَاكَ قَالَ لِأَنَّهُ يَغْسِلُ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِمَسْحِهِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One may live for sixty or seventy years while Allah has not accepted not even one of his Salah (prayer).’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘How can that happen?’ He (a.s.) said, 'Because he washes what Allah ordered to be wiped.'
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَكُونُ خُفُّ الرَّجُلِ مُخَرَّقاً فَيُدْخِلُ يَدَهُ فَيَمْسَحُ ظَهْرَ قَدَمِهِ أَ يُجْزِئُهُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ.
“I once asked abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, if the back of one’s slipper is torn and he pushes his hand through the torn portion to wipe the back of his feet, is this acceptable?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is sufficient.’”
تَوَضَّأَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَ ذِرَاعَيْهِ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَ عَلَى نَعْلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يُدْخِلْ يَدَهُ تَحْتَ الشِّرَاكِ[2].
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Ali (a.s.), once took Wudu’. He washed his face and forearms, then wiped on top of his head and over his shoes but he did not push his hand under his shoelaces.’” (Fatwa best explains this Hadith.)
لَا يَجُوزُ حَتَّى يُصِيبَ بَشَرَةَ رَأْسِهِ بِالْمَاءِ.
“About a man who dyes his head with henna and notices it during Wudu’, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not permissible until water reaches the skin of his head.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَرِيضِ هَلْ لَهُ رُخْصَةٌ فِي الْمَسْحِ قَالَ لَا.
“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of one suffering from illness if it is permissible for him to wipe for Wudu’. He (the Imam) said, ’No, it is not permissible.’”