The Book of Marriage

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ طَلَاقاً لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ‌ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ‌ فَتَزَوَّجَهَا عَبْدٌ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا هَلْ يُهْدَمُ الطَّلَاقُ قَالَ نَعَمْ لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ- حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ‌[1] وَ قَالَ هُوَ أَحَدُ الْأَزْوَاجِ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who divorces his wife in such a way that he cannot remarry her before her marriage with another man, then a slave marries and divorces her; if divorce is destroyed (restriction due to three divorces). He (the Imam) said, ‘Ye

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ امْرَأَتَهُ الطَّلَاقَ الَّذِي لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ‌ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ‌ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ آخَرُ وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا قَالَ لَا حَتَّى يَذُوقَ عُسَيْلَتَهَا[2].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who divorces his wife in such a way for which he cannot remarry her without her marriage with another man, then another man marries her and does not go to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not enough until he tast

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ تَطْلِيقَةً وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ تَرَكَهَا حَتَّى انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ غَيْرُهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ مَاتَ أَوْ طَلَّقَهَا فَرَاجَعَهَا الْأَوَّلُ قَالَ هِيَ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ بَاقِيَتَيْنِ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who divorces his wife once, then leaves her alone until waiting period is complete; then another man marries her, then the man dies or divorces her and the first husband comes back to her. He (the Imam) said, ‘She can live w

كَتَبَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع‌ رَوَى بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ امْرَأَتَهُ عَلَى الْكِتَابِ وَ السُّنَّةِ فَتَبِينُ مِنْهُ بِوَاحِدَةٍ فَتَزَوَّجُ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ فَيَمُوتُ عَنْهَا أَوْ يُطَلِّقُهَا فَتَرْجِعُ إِلَى زَوْجِهَا الْأَوَّلِ أَنَّهَا تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ وَ وَاحِدَةٌ قَدْ مَضَتْ فَوَقَّعَ ع بِخَطِّهِ صَدَقُوا و

“‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad once wrote to abu al-Hassan, Alayhi al-Salam, saying that certain persons of our people have narrated from abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who divorces his wife according to the book and Sunnah and she becomes stranger for him after the first divorce; then marries anoth

الْمُلَاعَنَةُ إِذَا لَاعَنَهَا زَوْجُهَا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً وَ الَّذِي يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أَبَداً وَ الَّذِي يُطَلِّقُ الطَّلَاقَ الَّذِي لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ‌ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ‌ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ تَزَوَّجَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أَبَداً وَ الْمُحْرِمُ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَد

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A woman who because of al-Mula‘inah (condemnation) when it (condemnation) is from the husband becomes unlawful for marriage for him forever; a woman who is married during her waiting period knowing all about her condition becomes unlawful for him forever; a woman divorced three times

إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا وَ دَخَلَ بِهَا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً عَالِماً كَانَ أَوْ جَاهِلًا وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا حَلَّتْ لِلْجَاهِلِ وَ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لِلْآخَرِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one marries a woman during her waiting period and goes to bed with her, she becomes unlawful for him forever, regardless, he knows or not, but if he has not gone to bed with her, she is lawful for the one ignorant of her condition and is unlawful for the other (one who knows her co

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا بِجَهَالَةٍ أَ هِيَ مِمَّنْ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أَبَداً فَقَالَ لَا أَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ بِجَهَالَةٍ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْهَا بَعْدَ مَا تَنْقَضِي عِدَّتُهَا وَ قَدْ يُعْذَرُ النَّاسُ فِي الْجَهَالَةِ بِمَا هُوَ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ بِأَيِّ الْجَهَالَتَيْنِ يُعْذَرُ بِجَهَالَتِهِ أَنْ يَعْلَمَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مُحَرَّمٌ عَلَيْهِ أَمْ بِجَهَالَتِهِ أَنَّهَا فِ

“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a man who married a woman during her waiting period because of ignorance; if she became unlawful for him forever. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, if marriage is because of ignorance he must marry her again after the waiting period is complete; people due to ignorance are som

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ الْحُبْلَى يَمُوتُ زَوْجُهَا فَتَضَعُ وَ تَزَوَّجُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَمْضِيَ لَهَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً وَ اعْتَدَّتْ بِمَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الْأَوَّلِ وَ اسْتَقْبَلَتْ عِدَّةً أُخْرَى مِنَ الْآخَرِ ثَلَاثَةَ قُرُوءٍ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ اعْتَدَّتْ بِمَا بَقِيَ ع

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who is pregnant and her husband dies. She gives birth and marries before the passing of four months and ten days. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has gone to bed with her, they must be separated from each other and she will be unlawful f

قُلْتُ لَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ الْحُبْلَى يُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا فَتَضَعُ وَ تَزَوَّجُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي تَزَوَّجَهَا دَخَلَ بِهَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً وَ اعْتَدَّتْ بِمَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ عِدَّةِ الْأَوَّلِ وَ اسْتَقْبَلَتْ عِدَّةً أُخْرَى مِنَ الْآخَرِ ثَلَاثَةَ قُرُوءٍ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the case of a woman who was pregnant and her husband died. She gave birth and married before the passing of four months and ten days. He (the Imam) said, ‘If the one who has married has gone to bed with her, they must separate from each other and she is not lawful for him forever.

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فِي عِدَّتِهَا قَالَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَلَهَا الْمَهْرُ بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا وَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا فَلَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أَبَداً وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ لَهَا مِنْ مَهْرِهَا.

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a man who married a woman during her waiting period. He (the Imam) said, ‘They must separate from each other; and if he has gone to bed with her he must pay mahr (dower) for making his going to bed with her lawful. They must separate from each other and she is not

إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ فَتَزَوَّجَتْ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا زَوْجُهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا الْأَوَّلُ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَتْ رَجُلًا ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا الْأَوَّلُ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا الزَّوْجُ الْأَوَّلُ هَكَذَا ثَلَاثاً لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, and abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, have said, ‘If a man (1) divorces a woman then remarries her, then (2) he divorces and the same husband marries her, then (3) divorces her and another man marries her then this man divorces her and the first man marries her then the first husband divorces her in th

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَمْ يَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً وَ أَتَمَّتْ عِدَّتَهَا مِنَ الْأَوَّلِ وَ عِدَّةً أُخْرَى مِنَ الْآخَرِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ أَتَمَّتْ عِدَّتَهَا مِنَ الْأَوَّلِ وَ كَانَ خَاطِباً مِنَ الْخُطَّابِ.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who married a woman during her waiting period. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has gone to bed with her, they must separate from each other and she is not lawful for him forever. She must complete the remaining time of the first waiting period and complete another wai

فِي رَجُلٍ نَكَحَ امْرَأَةً وَ هِيَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا قَالَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ تَقْضِي عِدَّتَهَا فَإِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَلَهَا الْمَهْرُ بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا[1] وَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ لَهَا قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الَّذِي يُطَلِّقُ ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعُ ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُ ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعُ ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُ قَالَ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ‌ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْ

“About the case of a man who marries a woman during her waiting period, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘They must separate from each other and she must complete her waiting period. If he has gone to bed with her he must pay mahr (dower) for his going to bed and they must separate from each other. If he has not gone t

قُلْتُ‌ لِأَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع بَلَغَنَا عَنْ أَبِيكَ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً فَقَالَ هَذَا إِذَا كَانَ عَالِماً فَإِذَا كَانَ جَاهِلًا فَارَقَهَا وَ تَعْتَدُّ ثُمَّ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا نِكَاحاً جَدِيداً[1].

‘It is narrated to us from your father that if a man marries a woman during her waiting period she becomes unlawful for him forever.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘That is the case if he knows about it, but if he is ignorant he must separate from her and she must complete the waiting period then he can marry her anew.’”

أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ لَهَا زَوْجاً فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً

“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man marries a woman and knows that she has a husband, they must separate from each other and she becomes unlawful for him forever.’”

إِذَا خَطَبَ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَبْلُغَ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً.

12. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from certain persons of our people who have said the following: (...Consult Fatwah about this Hadith)

إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ فَتَزَوَّجَتْ رَجُلًا ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا الْأَوَّلُ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَتْ رَجُلًا ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا الْأَوَّلُ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ أَبَداً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man divorces a woman, then she marries a man then he divorces her then she marries the first man then divorces her and she marries a man then divorces her then she marries the first man then he divorces her, she becomes unlawful for him forever.’”

إِذَا جَمَعَ الرَّجُلُ أَرْبَعاً فَطَلَّقَ إِحْدَاهُنَّ فَلَا يَتَزَوَّجِ الْخَامِسَةَ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّةُ الْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي طَلَّقَ وَ قَالَ لَا يَجْمَعِ الرَّجُلُ مَاءَهُ فِي خَمْسٍ‌[2].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man accumulates four wives then divorces one, he cannot marry the fifth before the end of waiting period of the woman whom he has divorced.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘A man cannot deposit his water in five.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ فَيُطَلِّقُ إِحْدَاهُنَّ أَ يَتَزَوَّجُ مَكَانَهَا أُخْرَى قَالَ لَا حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا.

“This is concerning my question before abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a man who has four wives; if he can divorce one and marry in her place another one. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so until her waiting period is complete.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ فَطَلَّقَ وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ نَكَحَ أُخْرَى قَبْلَ أَنْ تَسْتَكْمِلَ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ الْعِدَّةَ قَالَ فَلْيُلْحِقْهَا بِأَهْلِهَا حَتَّى تَسْتَكْمِلَ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ أَجَلَهَا وَ تَسْتَقْبِلُ الْأُخْرَى عِدَّةً أُخْرَى وَ لَهَا صَدَاقُهَا إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَلَهُ مَالُهُ وَ لَا عِدَّةَ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ إِن

“About the case of a man who has four wives, who divorces one and marries another one in her place before the waiting period of the one just divorced is complete, I once heard abu Ja’far (a.s.), saying, ‘He must join her with her family until the one just divorced completes her waiting period and the other one must com

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ ثَلَاثُ نِسْوَةٍ فَتَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهِنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ فِي عَقْدَةٍ فَدَخَلَ بِوَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي بَدَأَ بِاسْمِهَا وَ ذَكَرَهَا عِنْدَ عُقْدَةِ النِّكَاحِ فَإِنَّ نِكَاحَهَا جَائِزٌ وَ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي سُمِّيَتْ وَ ذُكِرَتْ بَعْدَ ذِكْ

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who had three wives and he married two more women. He went to bed with one of them, then died. He (the Imam) said, ‘The marriage of the woman whom he first married and mentioned her name at the time of pronouncing the terms, is permis

يُخَلِّي سَبِيلَ أَيَّتِهِنَّ شَاءَ وَ يُمْسِكُ الْأَرْبَعَ‌[1].

“About the case of a man who marries five women in one contract, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He can keep any four and allow anyone of them to go.’”

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي أُخْتَيْنِ نَكَحَ إِحْدَاهُمَا رَجُلٌ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى ثُمَّ خَطَبَ أُخْتَهَا فَجَمَعَهُمَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَضَعَ أُخْتُهَا الْمُطَلَّقَةُ وَلَدَهَا فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُفَارِقَ الْأَخِيرَةَ حَتَّى تَضَعَ أُخْتُهَا الْمُطَلَّقَةُ وَلَدَهَا ثُمَّ يَخْطُبُهَا وَ يُصْدِقُهَا صَدَاقاً مَرَّتَيْنِ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), issued a judgment about the case of two sisters, of whom one had married a man who divorced her, and she was pregnant, then proposed marriage to her sister and married her before her divorced sister gave birth, he (the Imam) commanded them to separate from the

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع رَجُلٌ نَكَحَ امْرَأَةً ثُمَّ أَتَى أَرْضاً فَنَكَحَ أُخْتَهَا وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ قَالَ يُمْسِكُ أَيَّتَهُمَا شَاءَ وَ يُخَلِّي سَبِيلَ الْأُخْرَى‌[1].

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman and then comes to a land where he marries her sister but he does not know. He (the Imam) said, ’He can keep whichever he wants and allow the other one to go.’”

فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ أُخْتَيْنِ فِي عَقْدَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ قَالَ هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ يُمْسِكُ أَيَّتَهُمَا شَاءَ وَ يُخَلِّي سَبِيلَ الْأُخْرَى وَ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ جَارِيَةٌ فَوَطِئَهَا ثُمَّ اشْتَرَى أُمَّهَا أَوِ ابْنَتَهَا قَالَ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ [أَبَداً].

“About the case of a man who marries two sisters in one marriage, one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ’Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘He has the choice to keep whichever he wants and allow the other one to go.’ About the case of a man who had a slave-girl with whom he went to bed, then bought her mother

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ بِالْعِرَاقِ امْرَأَةً ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَتَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً أُخْرَى فَإِذَا هِيَ أُخْتُ امْرَأَةٍ الَّتِي بِالْعِرَاقِ قَالَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الَّتِي تَزَوَّجَهَا بِالشَّامِ وَ لَا يَقْرَبُ الْمَرْأَةَ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّةُ الشَّامِيَّةِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَ أُمَّهَا وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهَا أُمُّهَا قَالَ ق

“This is concerning my question before abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries in Iraq a woman; then goes to al-Sham (Syria) and marries another there who is the sister of the one in Iraq. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must separate from the one in al-Sham and must not go close to the woman until waiting perio

قَرَأْتُ فِي كِتَابِ رَجُلٍ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَيَنْقَضِي الْأَجَلُ بَيْنَهُمَا هَلْ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْكِحَ أُخْتَهَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا فَكَتَبَ لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا.

“I read in the letter of a man to al-Rida’ (a.s.), that said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, if a man marries a woman in the manner of Mut‘ah for an appointed time which expires; if he can marry her sister before her sister completes her waiting period.’ He (the Imam) had written to him, ‘I

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اخْتَلَعَتْ مِنْهُ امْرَأَتُهُ أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَخْطُبَ أُخْتَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا فَقَالَ إِذَا بَرِئَتْ عِصْمَتُهَا[1] وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ رَجْعَةٌ فَقَدْ حَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَخْطُبَ أُخْتَهَا قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عِنْدَهُ أُخْتَانِ مَمْلُوكَتَانِ فَوَطِئَ إِحْدَاهُمَا ثُمَّ وَطِئَ الْأُخْرَى قَالَ إِذَا وَطِئَ الْأُخْرَى فَقَدْ حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْأُولَى حَتَّى تَم

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man whose wife divorces him in the manner of al-Khula‘ (payment for divorce); if it is permissible to propose marriage to her sister before her waiting period is complete. He (the Imam) said, ‘Since she has set herself free and there is

فَقَالَ إِذَا بَرِئَتْ عِصْمَتُهَا وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَخْطُبَ أُخْتَهَا قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ أُخْتَانِ مَمْلُوكَتَانِ فَوَطِئَ إِحْدَاهُمَا ثُمَّ وَطِئَ الْأُخْرَى قَالَ إِذَا وَطِئَ الْأُخْرَى فَقَدْ حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى تَمُوتَ الْأُخْرَى قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ بَاعَهَا أَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ الْأُولَى قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ يَبِيعُهَا لِحَاجَةٍ وَ لَا يَخْطُرُ عَلَى

About the case of a man who divorces his wife or she arranges for al-Khula (payment for divorce) or she becomes a stranger to him; if he can marry her sister. He (the Imam) said, ‘When she has freed herself from responsibility and he is not able to go back to her, it then is permissible for him to propose marriage to h

لَا يَتَزَوَّجُهَا حَتَّى يَخْلُوَ أَجَلُهَا.

“About the case of a man who divorces his wife and she is pregnant; if he can marry her sister before she gives birth, he (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘He must not marry her until her time is complete.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَةً أَ يَتَزَوَّجُ أُخْتَهَا قَالَ لَا حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَلَكَ أُخْتَيْنِ أَ يَطَؤُهُمَا جَمِيعاً قَالَ يَطَأُ إِحْدَاهُمَا وَ إِذَا وَطِئَ الثَّانِيَةَ حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْأُولَى الَّتِي وَطِئَ حَتَّى تَمُوتَ الثَّانِيَةُ أَوْ يُفَارِقَهَا وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَ الثَّانِيَةَ مِنْ أَجْلِ الْأُولَى لِيَرْجِعَ إِلَيْهَا إِلَّا أَنْ ي

“This is concerning my question before abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who divorces a woman; if he can marry her sister. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so until her waiting period is complete.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘I asked him (the Imam) about the case of a man who owns two sisters; if he c

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ جَارِيَةٌ فَعَتَقَتْ فَتَزَوَّجَتْ فَوَلَدَتْ أَ يَصْلُحُ لِمَوْلَاهَا الْأَوَّلِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهَا قَالَ هِيَ عَلَيْهِ حَرَامٌ وَ هِيَ ابْنَتُهُ وَ الْحُرَّةُ وَ الْمَمْلُوكَةُ فِي هَذَا سَوَاءٌ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- وَ رَبائِبُكُمُ اللَّاتِي فِي حُجُورِكُمْ مِنْ نِسائِكُمُ‌[1]. - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْن

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has a slave-girl and sets her free. She then marries and gives birth;

سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ لَهُ الْجَارِيَةُ وَ لَهَا ابْنَةٌ فَيَقَعُ عَلَيْهَا أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَى ابْنَتِهَا فَقَالَ أَ يَنْكِحُ الرَّجُلُ الصَّالِحُ ابْنَتَهُ.

“I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a man who had a slave-girl who had a daughter. He falls on her (for sexual intercourse); if he could fall on her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘Does a man of good deeds marry his own daughter?”’

لَا هِيَ مِثْلُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ رَبائِبُكُمُ اللَّاتِي فِي حُجُورِكُمْ‌.

“About the case of a man who has a slave-girl with whom he has gone to bed; if he can marry her daughter, he (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so because of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, “. . . those who grow in your care . . .” (4:23)’”

قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ فَبَانَتْ مِنْهُ وَ لَهَا ابْنَةٌ مَمْلُوكَةٌ فَاشْتَرَاهَا أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَطَأَهَا قَالَ لَا وَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ الْمَمْلُوكَةُ وَ ابْنَتُهَا فَيَطَأُ إِحْدَاهُمَا فَتَمُوتُ وَ تَبْقَى الْأُخْرَى أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَطَأَهَا قَالَ لَا.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who divorces his wife and they become strangers to each other. She has a daughter who is a slave and he buys her; if he can go to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’ I asked him (the Imam) about the case of a man

قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي الْأُخْتَيْنِ فَيَطَأُ إِحْدَاهُمَا ثُمَّ يَطَأُ الْأُخْرَى بِجَهَالَةٍ قَالَ إِذَا وَطِئَ الْأُخْرَى بِجَهَالَةٍ لَمْ تَحْرُمْ عَلَيْهِ الْأُولَى وَ إِنْ وَطِئَ الْأُخْرَى وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهَا تَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ حَرُمَتَا عَلَيْهِ جَمِيعاً.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who buys two sisters and goes to bed with one of them, then goes to bed with the other due to ignorance. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has gone to bed with the other due to ignorance the first one does not become unlawful for him but if

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ لكِنْ لا تُواعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا إِلَّا أَنْ تَقُولُوا قَوْلًا مَعْرُوفاً[1] قَالَ هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَقُولُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا أُوَاعِدُكِ بَيْتَ آلِ فُلَانٍ لِيُعَرِّضَ لَهَا بِالْخِطْبَةِ وَ يَعْنِي بِقَوْلِهِ‌ إِلَّا أَنْ تَقُولُوا قَوْلًا مَعْرُوفاً التَّعْرِيضَ بِالْخِطْبَةِ- وَ لا تَعْزِمُوا عُقْدَةَ النِّكاحِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتابُ أَ

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the meaning of the words of Allah, "... but you must not secretly date (make secret appointment with) such women (during their waiting period) unless you speak to them in a lawful manner.’ (2:235) He (the Imam) said, ’He is a man who speaks to the wom

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ لكِنْ لا تُواعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا إِلَّا أَنْ تَقُولُوا قَوْلًا مَعْرُوفاً وَ لا تَعْزِمُوا عُقْدَةَ النِّكاحِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتابُ أَجَلَهُ‌ فَقَالَ السِّرُّ أَنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ مَوْعِدُكِ بَيْتُ آلِ فُلَانٍ ثُمَّ يَطْلُبُ إِلَيْهَا أَنْ لَا تَسْبِقَهُ بِنَفْسِهَا إِذَا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا قُلْتُ فَقَوْلُهُ‌ إِلَّا أَنْ تَقُولُوا قَوْلًا م

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . but you must not secretly date such women (during their waiting period) unless you speak to them in a lawful manner and you must not decide to form terms of marriage until the appointed time is c

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع- عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ لكِنْ لا تُواعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا قَالَ يَقُولُ الرَّجُلُ أُوَاعِدُكِ بَيْتَ آلِ فُلَانٍ يُعَرِّضُ لَهَا بِالرَّفَثِ وَ يَرْفُثُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- إِلَّا أَنْ تَقُولُوا قَوْلًا مَعْرُوفاً وَ الْقَوْلُ الْمَعْرُوفُ التَّعْرِيضُ بِالْخِطْبَةِ عَلَى وَجْهِهَا وَ حِلِّهَا- وَ لا تَعْزِمُوا عُقْدَةَ النِّكاحِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتابُ أَجَلَهُ‌.

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . but you must not secretly date such women (during their waiting period).’ (2:235). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is his saying, “The place for your date (with me) is the house of the family of so and so where he asks her for ra

يَلْقَاهَا فَيَقُولُ إِنِّي فِيكِ لَرَاغِبٌ وَ إِنِّي لِلنِّسَاءِ لَمُكْرِمٌ فَلَا تَسْبِقِينِي بِنَفْسِكِ وَ السِّرُّ لَا يَخْلُو مَعَهَا حَيْثُ وَعَدَهَا.

In “secret” dating he does not meet her as he had promised.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ هَاجَرَ وَ تَرَكَ امْرَأَتَهُ مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَحِقَتْ بِهِ بَعْدُ أَ يُمْسِكُهَا بِالنِّكَاحِ الْأَوَّلِ أَوْ تَنْقَطِعُ عِصْمَتُهَا قَالَ يُمْسِكُهَا وَ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ‌[1].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who migrates and leaves his wife with the pagans, then afterward she joins him; if he can keep her with first marriage or her safety is cut off. He (the Imam) said, ’He can keep her and she is his wife.’”

إِذَا أَسْلَمَتِ امْرَأَةٌ وَ زَوْجُهَا عَلَى غَيْرِ الْإِسْلَامِ فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ هَاجَرَ[2] وَ تَرَكَ امْرَأَتَهُ فِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَحِقَتْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ أَ يُمْسِكُهَا بِالنِّكَاحِ الْأَوَّلِ أَوْ تَنْقَطِعُ عِصْمَتُهَا قَالَ بَلْ يُمْسِكُهَا وَ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ‌[3].

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a woman becomes Muslim and she is married in a way that is an un-Islamic way, they must be separated.’ I then asked him (the Imam) about the case of a man who migrates and leaves his wife among the pagans, then she joins him; if he can keep her with the first marriage or that her s

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَجُوسِيٍّ أَوْ مُشْرِكٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَأَسْلَمَ أَوْ أَسْلَمَتْ قَالَ يُنْتَظَرُ بِذَلِكَ انْقِضَاءُ عِدَّتِهَا وَ إِنْ هُوَ أَسْلَمَ أَوْ أَسْلَمَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا فَهُمَا عَلَى نِكَاحِهِمَا الْأَوَّلِ وَ إِنْ هُوَ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ الْعِدَّةُ فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who is a Majusiy (Zoroastrian) or a pagan, other than the people of the book, who had a woman, he becomes a Muslim or she become a Muslim. He (the Imam) said, ‘He waits for completion of waiting period if he is a Muslim or she becomes

قَدِ انْقَطَعَتْ عِصْمَتُهَا مِنْهُ وَ لَا مَهْرَ لَهَا وَ لَا عِدَّةَ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهُ.

“About the case of a man who is a Christian and marries a Christian woman who then becomes a Muslim before his going to bed with her, abu al-Hassan (a.s.), has said, ‘The hindrance from him on her way is removed, she has no mahr (dower) and no waiting period because of him.’”

سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ أَوْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ يَتَزَوَّجُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا امْرَأَةً وَ أَمْهَرَهَا خَمْراً وَ خَنَازِيرَ ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَا فَقَالَ النِّكَاحُ جَائِزٌ حَلَالٌ لَا يَحْرُمُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْخَمْرِ وَ لَا مِنْ قِبَلِ الْخَنَازِيرِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَسْلَمَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهَا الْخَمْرَ وَ الْخَنَازِيرَ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَسْلَمَا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَيْه

“A man once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of two men of taxpayers or of those in the state of war who each married a woman and assigned a mahr (dower) in the form of wine and pigs; then they became Muslims. He (the Imam) said, ‘Marriage is permissible and lawful and it does not become unlawful because of

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ فِي مَجُوسِيَّةٍ أَسْلَمَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا زَوْجُهَا فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِزَوْجِهَا أَسْلِمْ فَأَبَى زَوْجُهَا أَنْ يُسْلِمَ فَقَضَى لَهَا عَلَيْهِ نِصْفَ الصَّدَاقِ وَ قَالَ لَمْ يَزِدْهَا الْإِسْلَامُ إِلَّا عِزّاً[2].

about the case of a Zoroastrian woman who became a Muslim before he went to bed with her ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), said to her husband to become a Muslim, but he refused so he (the Imam) judged in her favor half of the mahr (dower) and said, ‘Islam has not brought to her anything but honor.’”

يُمْسِكُ أَرْبَعاً وَ يُطَلِّقُ ثَلَاثاً[3].

“About the case of a Zoroastrian man who became a Muslim and he had seven wives who also became Muslims, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He could keep four and divorce three of them/”

الذِّمِّيُّ تَكُونُ لَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ الذِّمِّيَّةُ فَتُسْلِمُ امْرَأَتُهُ قَالَ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَ لَا يَكُونُ عِنْدَهَا بِاللَّيْلِ قَالَ فَإِنْ أَسْلَمَ الرَّجُلُ وَ لَمْ تُسْلِمِ الْمَرْأَةُ يَكُونُ الرَّجُلُ عِنْدَهَا بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ.

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a taxpayer man who had a taxpayer wife and she became a Muslim, he (the Imam) said, ‘She is his wife who stays with him during the day but not during the night.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If the man becomes a Muslim he stays with her during the night as well as the day.

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع النَّصْرَانِيُّ يَتَزَوَّجُ النَّصْرَانِيَّةَ عَلَى ثَلَاثِينَ دَنّاً مِنْ خَمْرٍ وَ ثَلَاثِينَ خِنْزِيراً ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا قَالَ يَنْظُرُ كَمْ قِيمَةُ الْخَمْرِ وَ كَمْ قِيمَةُ الْخَنَازِيرِ فَيُرْسِلُ بِهَا إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا وَ هُمَا عَلَى نِكَاحِهِمَا الْأَوَّلِ‌[2].

‘He must find out how much the value of wine and pigs is. He must send them to her, then he can go to bed with her and they remain with their first marriage.’”

سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الرَّضَاعِ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الْقَرَابَةِ.

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Whoever is unlawful for marriage due to blood relationship becomes unlawful for marriage because of breastfeeding also.”’