The Book of Marriage

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ ثَلَاثُ بَنَاتٍ أَبْكَارٍ فَزَوَّجَ وَاحِدَةً مِنْهُنَّ رَجُلًا وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ الَّتِي زَوَّجَ لِلزَّوْجِ وَ لَا لِلشُّهُودِ وَ قَدْ كَانَ الزَّوْجُ فَرَضَ لَهَا صَدَاقَهَا فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ إِدْخَالُهَا عَلَى الزَّوْجِ بَلَغَ الرَّجُلَ أَنَّهَا الْكُبْرَى مِنَ الثَّلَاثَةِ فَقَالَ الزَّوْجُ لِأَبِيهَا إِنَّمَا تَزَوَّجْتُ مِنْكَ الصُّغْرَى مِنْ بَنَاتِكَ قَالَ فَقَا

“About the case of a man who has three virgin daughters and gives one of them in marriage to a man without identifying the girl for the husband or to the witnesses. The husband assigns a mahr (dower) for her. At the time for him to meet the girl he is informed that it is the oldest girl. He then says to the father, ‘I

فَقَالَ قَدْ تُفْتَقُ الْبِكْرُ مِنَ الْمَرْكَبِ وَ مِنَ النَّزْوَةِ[1].

“About the case of a man who marries a woman as a virgin but finds that she is not virgin; if it is permissible to live with her, abu al-Hassan has said, ‘At certain times it is torn because of riding or jumping.’”

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ جَارِيَةً بِكْراً فَوَجَدَهَا ثَيِّباً هَلْ يَجِبُ لَهَا الصَّدَاقُ وَافِياً أَمْ يُنْتَقَصُ قَالَ يُنْتَقَصُ.

“I once wrote to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), and asked about the case of a man who married a virgin girl but found out that she was not virgin if it was obligatory to pay complete mahr (dower) or less. He (the Imam) answered, ‘It is less.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ أَ يَصْلُحُ لِي أَنْ أُوَاقِعَهَا وَ لَمْ أَنْقُدْهَا مِنْ مَهْرِهَا شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ دَيْنٌ عَلَيْكَ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about forming marriage terms with a woman; if I can go to bed with her without paying her anything in cash of her mahr (dower). He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so, it is only a debt on you.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ عَلَى الصَّدَاقِ الْمَعْلُومِ يَدْخُلُ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا قَالَ يُقَدِّمُ إِلَيْهَا مَا قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ وَفَاءٌ مِنْ عَرَضٍ‌[2] إِنْ حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ أُدِّيَ عَنْهُ فَلَا بَأْسَ.

“This is concerning my question before abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman for a certain amount of mahr (dower) and goes to bed with her without paying anything. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must pay in advance a little or more unless he has a certain asset which is enough to pay her mahr (dowe

قُلْتُ لَهُ أَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ وَ أَدْخُلُ بِهَا وَ لَا أُعْطِيهَا شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ يَكُونُ دَيْناً لَهَا عَلَيْكَ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if I can marry and go to bed with her without paying anything. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so and it is a debt on you.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ فَلَا يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُعْطِيهَا فَيَدْخُلُ بِهَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ دَيْنٌ لَهَا عَلَيْهِ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman and does not have anything to pay her and then goes to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful; it is a debt on him.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَوْلُ شُعَيْبٍ ع‌ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنْكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ابْنَتَيَّ هاتَيْنِ عَلى‌ أَنْ تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمانِيَ حِجَجٍ فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْراً فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ‌[1] أَيَّ الْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَى قَالَ الْوَفَاءُ مِنْهُمَا أَبْعَدُهُمَا عَشْرُ سِنِينَ قُلْتُ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ الشَّرْطُ أَوْ بَعْدَ انْقِضَائِهِ قَالَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَالرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْ

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the meaning of the words of Shu‘ayb, ‘(Shu‘ayb) said to (Moses), “I want to give one of my daughters to you in marriage on the condition that you will work for me for eight years, but you may continue for two more years only out of your own accord’” (28:27) and that which one o

لَا يَحِلُّ النِّكَاحُ الْيَوْمَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ بِإِجَارَةٍ أَنْ يَقُولَ أَعْمَلُ عِنْدَكَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا سَنَةً عَلَى أَنْ تُزَوِّجَنِي ابْنَتَكَ أَوْ أُخْتَكَ قَالَ حَرَامٌ لِأَنَّهُ ثَمَنُ رَقَبَتِهَا وَ هِيَ أَحَقُّ بِمَهْرِهَا.

‘Marriage is not lawful in Islam for hiring and saying, ‘I will work for you up to so and so many years and you give to me in marriage your daughter or sister.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is unlawful because it is the price of her neck and in fact she is the rightful person for her mahr (dower).”’

فِي رَجُلٍ أَرْسَلَ يَخْطُبُ إِلَيْهِ‌[1] امْرَأَةً وَ هُوَ غَائِبٌ فَأَنْكَحُوا الْغَائِبَ وَ فُرِضَ الصَّدَاقُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ خَبَرُهُ بَعْدُ أَنَّهُ تُوُفِّيَ بَعْدَ مَا سَبَقَ الصَّدَاقُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ أُمْلِكَ بَعْدَ مَا تُوُفِّيَ فَلَيْسَ لَهَا صَدَاقٌ وَ لَا مِيرَاثٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أُمْلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُتَوَفَّى فَلَهَا نِصْفُ الصَّدَاقِ وَ هِيَ وَارِثُهُ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ.

“About the case of a man who sends a proposal for marriage and he is absent. They give her in marriage to one who is absent and assign mahr (dower) but then news comes that he is dead after assigning mahr (dower). He (the Imam) said, If his earning is after his death she has no mahr (dower) or inheritance but if his ea

لَا وَ لَكِنْ إِنْ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ امْرَأَةٌ ثُمَّ فَجَرَ بِأُمِّهَا أَوِ ابْنَتِهَا أَوْ أُخْتِهَا لَمْ تَحْرُمْ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ إِنَّ الْحَرَامَ لَا يُفْسِدُ الْحَلَالَ.

“One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, was asked about the case of a man who went to bed with a woman out of wedlock; if he could marry her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, however, if a woman is his wife and he goes to bed with her mother or her daughter or sister, his wife does not

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ بَاشَرَ امْرَأَةً وَ قَبَّلَ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُفْضِ إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهَا قَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ أَفْضَى إِلَى الْأُمِّ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَفْضَى إِلَيْهَا فَلَا يَتَزَوَّجِ ابْنَتَهَا.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who associates with a woman and kisses her but does not go to bed with her; if he can marry her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has not gone to bed with the mother, it is not unlawful to marry her but if he has gone to bed with h

لَا إِنَّهُ لَا يُحَرِّمُ الْحَلَالَ الْحَرَامُ.

“About the case of a man who marries a girl then goes to bed with her, then due to wickedness goes to bed with her mother; if she becomes unlawful for him, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘His wife does not become unlawful for him.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Unlawful never makes a lawful thing unlawful.’”

فِي رَجُلٍ زَنَى بِأُمِّ امْرَأَتِهِ أَوْ بِابْنَتِهَا أَوْ بِأُخْتِهَا فَقَالَ لَا يُحَرِّمُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا حَرَّمَ حَرَامٌ قَطُّ حَلَالًا.

“About the case of a man who goes to bed with his mother-in-law or his stepdaughter or her sister, abu Ja’far ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘This does not make his wife unlawful for him.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Unlawful does not make a lawful thing unlawful.’”

إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قُبْلَةٍ أَوْ شِبْهِهَا فَلْيَتَزَوَّجِ ابْنَتَهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ جِمَاعاً فَلَا يَتَزَوَّجِ ابْنَتَهَا وَ لْيَتَزَوَّجْهَا هِيَ إِنْ شَاءَ.

“About the case of a man and a woman who are involved in sinful activities; if he can marry her daughter, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If such activities are in the form of kissing or similar things he can marry her daughter; but if it is sexual intercourse then he must not marry her daughter, he can, however, mar

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ زَنَى بِأُمِّ امْرَأَتِهِ أَوْ بِأُخْتِهَا فَقَالَ لَا يُحَرِّمُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتَهُ إِنَّ الْحَرَامَ لَا يُفْسِدُ الْحَلَالَ وَ لَا يُحَرِّمُهُ.

“This is concerning my question before abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who goes to bed with the mother of his wife or her sister. He (the Imam) said, ‘This does not make his wife unlawful for him; unlawful does not destroy or make lawful ones unlawful.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ امْرَأَةٍ فُجُورٌ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ قُبْلَةً أَوْ شِبْهَهَا فَلْيَتَزَوَّجِ ابْنَتَهَا إِنْ شَاءَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ جِمَاعاً فَلَا يَتَزَوَّجِ ابْنَتَهَا وَ لْيَتَزَوَّجْهَا[1].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man and a woman who are involved in sinful acts. He (the Imam) said, Tf such activities are in the form of kissing or similar things he can marry her daughter; but if it is sexual intercourse then he must not marry her daughter, he can,

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَجَرَ بِامْرَأَةٍ أَ يَتَزَوَّجُ أُمَّهَا مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ أَوِ ابْنَتَهَا قَالَ لَا. - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ مِثْلَهُ.

“I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a man who had committed sinful acts with a woman if he could marry her breastfeeding mother or daughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’ Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mah

إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَقَالَ لِي أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَسْأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ تَقُولَ لَهُ إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً قَدْ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُلَاعِبُ أُمَّهَا وَ يُقَبِّلُهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَفْضَى إِلَيْهَا قَالَ‌ فَسَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ لِي كَذَبَ مُرْهُ فَلْيُفَارِقْهَا قَالَ فَرَجَعْتُ مِنْ سَفَرِي فَأَخْبَرْتُ الرَّجُلَ بِ

“A certain person of our people married a woman and said to me, ‘I like if you ask abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man from our people who has married a woman and thinks that he may have played with her mother like kissing without sexual intercourse.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.

سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا جَالِسٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَالَ مِنْ خَالَتِهِ فِي شَبَابِهِ ثُمَّ ارْتَدَعَ أَ يَتَزَوَّجُ ابْنَتَهَا فَقَالَ لَا قُلْتُ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَفْضَى إِلَيْهَا إِنَّمَا كَانَ شَيْ‌ءٌ دُونَ شَيْ‌ءٍ فَقَالَ لَا يُصَدَّقُ وَ لَا كَرَامَةَ[1].

“Once, a man asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when I was sitting, about the case of a man who when young was involved with his maternal aunt then refrained, if he could marry her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’ He then asked, ‘What happens if there was no sexual intercourse, but it was something near t

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ أَتَى غُلَاماً أَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ أُخْتُهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ ثَقَبَ فَلَا.

"A man who commits a sinful act with a boy, is his sister lawful for him (to marry)?' He (the Imam) said, 'If he made a hole, then no."

إِذَا أَوْقَبَ‌[2] حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْهِ ابْنَتُهُ وَ أُخْتُهُ.

'If he makes a hole in him, his daughter and sister become unlawful for him.’

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا تَرَى فِي شَابَّيْنِ كَانَا مُضْطَجِعَيْنِ فَوُلِدَ لِهَذَا غُلَامٌ وَ لِلْآخَرِ جَارِيَةٌ أَ يَتَزَوَّجُ ابْنُ هَذَا ابْنَةَ هَذَا قَالَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ لِمَ لَا يَحِلُّ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ صَدِيقاً لَهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فَلَا بَأْسَ قَالَ فَقَالَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَفْعَلُ بِهِ قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ بِوَجْ

“Once I was with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when a man came and said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, if two young men slept together and one has a son and the other has a daughter; if his son could marry the other man’s daughter.’ He (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, Allah

إِذَا أَوْقَبَهُ فَقَدْ حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْمَرْأَةُ[2].

If he has made hole in him his wife becomes unlawful for him.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَلَامَسَهَا قَالَ مَهْرُهَا وَاجِبٌ وَ هِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَى أَبِيهِ وَ ابْنِهِ‌[3].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman and has touched her. He (the Imam) said, ‘Her mahr (dower) is obligatory and she becomes unlawful for marriage to his father and his son.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ لَهُ الْجَارِيَةُ فَيُقَبِّلُهَا هَلْ تَحِلُّ لِوَلَدِهِ قَالَ بِشَهْوَةٍ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَقَالَ مَا تَرَكَ شَيْئاً إِذَا قَبَّلَهَا بِشَهْوَةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْتِدَاءً مِنْهُ إِنْ جَرَّدَهَا وَ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا بِشَهْوَةٍ حَرُمَتْ عَلَى أَبِيهِ وَ ابْنِهِ قُلْتُ إِذَا نَظَرَ إِلَى جَسَدِهَا فَقَالَ إِذَا نَظَرَ إِلَى فَرْجِهَا وَ جَسَدِهَا بِشَهْوَةٍ حَر

“I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a man who had a slave-girl and he kissed her; if she was lawful for his sons. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Was it with lust?’ I replied, ‘Yes, it was with lust.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He then has left nothing if he has kissed with lust.’ He (the Imam) then initiating said, ‘If h

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى الْجَارِيَةِ يُرِيدُ شِرَاهَا أَ تَحِلُّ لِابْنِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ نَظَرَ إِلَى عَوْرَتِهَا.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who looks at a slave-girl whom he wants to buy; if she is lawful for his son. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, she is lawful unless he has looked at her private organs.”’

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى جَارِيَةً وَ لَمْ يَمَسَّهَا فَأَمَرَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ ابْنَهُ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَمَا تَرَى فِيهِ فَقَالَ أَثِمَ الْغُلَامُ وَ أَثِمَتْ أُمُّهُ وَ لَا أَرَى لِلْأَبِ إِذَا قَرِبَهَا الِابْنُ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ لَهُ جَارِيَةٌ فَيَضَعُ أَبُوهُ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا

“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked, when I was with him (the Imam), about the case of a man who bought a slave-girl but did not touch her. His wife commanded his son, who was ten years old, to fall on her (for sexual intercourse) and he did it, now what do you say about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘The boy has sinned a

إِذَا جَرَّدَ الرَّجُلُ الْجَارِيَةَ وَ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا فَلَا تَحِلُّ لِابْنِهِ.

‘If a man makes a slave-girl bare and places his hand on her she becomes unlawful for his son.’”

قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَلَمَسَهَا قَالَ هِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَى أَبِيهِ وَ ابْنِهِ وَ مَهْرُهَا وَاجِبٌ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has married a woman and has touched her. He (the Imam) (a.s.), said, ‘She is unlawful to his father and her mahr (dower) is obligatory.’”

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ إِذَا زَنَى رَجُلٌ بِامْرَأَةِ أَبِيهِ أَوْ جَارِيَةِ أَبِيهِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يُحَرِّمُهَا عَلَى زَوْجِهَا وَ لَا تُحَرِّمُ الْجَارِيَةَ عَلَى سَيِّدِهَا إِنَّمَا يُحَرِّمُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ إِذَا أَتَى الْجَارِيَةَ وَ هِيَ حَلَالٌ فَلَا تَحِلُّ تِلْكَ الْجَارِيَةُ أَبَداً لِابْنِهِ وَ لَا لِأَبِيهِ وَ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ امْرَأَةً تَزْوِيجاً حَلَالًا فَلَا تَحِلُّ تِلْكَ الْمَرْأَةُ لِأَبِي

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man commits fornication with the woman of his father or his slave-girl, it does not make her unlawful to her husband or the slave-girl unlawful to her master. If he goes to bed with a slave-girl who is lawful thereafter she becomes unlawful forever to his son and father. If a man mar

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ أَمَرَتِ ابْنَهَا أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَى جَارِيَةٍ لِأَبِيهِ فَوَقَعَ فَقَالَ أَثِمَتْ وَ أَثِمَ ابْنُهَا وَ قَدْ سَأَلَنِي بَعْضُ هَؤُلَاءِ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ‌ أَمْسِكْهَا إِنَّ الْحَلَالَ لَا يُفْسِدُهُ الْحَرَامُ‌[1].

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, when he (the Imam) was asked about the case of a woman who commanded her son to fall on the slave-girl of his father and he did, ‘She has sinned and so has her son and certain ones of these people asked me about it and I said, “You can keep her because unlawful does not make

فِي الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ لَهُ الْجَارِيَةُ فَيَقَعُ عَلَيْهَا ابْنُ ابْنِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطَأَهَا الْجَدُّ أَوِ الرَّجُلُ يَزْنِي بِالْمَرْأَةِ فَهَلْ يَحِلُّ لِأَبِيهِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ‌[2] إِذَا تَزَوَّجَهَا الرَّجُلُ فَوَطِئَهَا ثُمَّ زَنَى بِهَا ابْنُهُ لَمْ يَضُرَّهُ لِأَنَّ الْحَرَامَ لَا يُفْسِدُ الْحَلَالَ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْجَارِيَةُ.

“About the case of a man who has a slave-girl and his grandson falls on her (does sexual intercourse) before his grandfather or that a man commits fornication with a woman; if she is lawful for his father to marry, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘No, it is not permissible. Only if the man marries her and goes to bed with

لَوْ لَمْ يَحْرُمْ عَلَى النَّاسِ أَزْوَاجُ النَّبِيِّ ص لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ ما كانَ لَكُمْ أَنْ تُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ لا أَنْ تَنْكِحُوا أَزْواجَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ أَبَداً[3] حَرُمْنَ عَلَى الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ لا تَنْكِحُوا ما نَكَحَ آباؤُكُمْ مِنَ النِّساءِ[4] وَ لَا يَصْلُحُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَنْكِحَ امْرَأَةَ جَدِّهِ.

“One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ’If the wives of the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, were not made unlawful for people to marry because of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, “Yo

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ وَ ذَكَرَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- وَ وَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسانَ بِوالِدَيْهِ حُسْناً[5] فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَحَدُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ مَنِ الْآخَرُ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ نِسَاؤُهُ عَلَيْنَا حَرَامٌ وَ هِيَ لَنَا خَاصَّةً.

“I once heard abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, when this verse was mentioned, ‘We advised the man about his (two fathers) parents’, (29:7) ‘The Messenger of Allah is one of the (two fathers) parents.’ ‘Who is the other (father) parent?’ ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Ajalan then asked. He (the Imam) replied ‘Ali (a.s.), is the other (

لَوْ كَانَ نَبِيّاً مَا مَاتَ ابْنُهُ فَأَلْحَقَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِأَهْلِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ وُلِّيَ النَّاسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَتَتْهُ الْعَامِرِيَّةُ وَ الْكِنْدِيَّةُ وَ قَدْ خُطِبَتَا فَاجْتَمَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ فَقَالا لَهُمَا اخْتَارَا إِنْ شِئْتُمَا الْحِجَابَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتُمَا الْبَاهَ فَاخْتَارَتَا الْبَاهَ فَتَزَوَّجَتَا فَجُذِمَ أَحَدُ الرَّجُلَيْنِ و

“Sa‘ad ibn Abu ‘Urwah narrated to me from al-Hassan al-Basri that the Messenger of Allah (saww) married a woman from the tribe of Banu ’Amir ibn Sa‘sa‘ah called Sana’ and she was the most beautiful among women of her time. When ‘A’isha and Hafsa looked at her they said that she will dominate them before the Messenger o

فِي حَدِيثِهِ وَ لَا هُمْ يَسْتَحِلُّونَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجُوا أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ إِنْ كَانُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ وَ إِنَّ أَزْوَاجَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْحُرْمَةِ مِثْلُ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ.

“Zurarah has narrated a Hadith similar to the previous Hadith from Abu Ja’far (a.s.), and he (the Imam) has said, ’They do not consider it lawful to marry their mothers if they are believers. The wives of the Messenger of Allah (sw) in the matter of the above unlawfulness are like their mothers.’”

الْأُمُّ وَ الِابْنَةُ سَوَاءٌ إِذَا لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا يَعْنِي إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ شَاءَ تَزَوَّجَ أُمَّهَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ تَزَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهَا.

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A mother and daughter are the same if one has not gone to bed with her, that is, if one marries a woman then divorces her before going to bed with her, in such case it is permissible to marry her mother or her daughter.”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهَا قَالَ لَا.

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who married a woman in manner of al-Mut‘ah; if it is permissible for him to marry her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not permissible.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَنَظَرَ إِلَى رَأْسِهَا وَ إِلَى بَعْضِ جَسَدِهَا أَ يَتَزَوَّجُ ابْنَتَهَا فَقَالَ لَا إِذَا رَأَى مِنْهَا مَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجُ ابْنَتَهَا.

“I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a man who married a woman and looks at her head and a few places of her body; if he could marry her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so when he has seen what is unlawful for people other than him to lo

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَمَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا أَ يَتَزَوَّجُ بِأُمِّهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَدْ فَعَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا فَلَمْ نَرَ بِهِ بَأْساً فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا تَفْخَرُ الشِّيعَةُ إِلَّا بِقَضَاءِ عَلِيٍّ ع فِي هَذِهِ الشَّمْخِيَّةِ الَّتِي أَفْتَاهَا ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ ثُمَّ أَتَ

“Once I was with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when a man came and asked about the case of a man who married a woman but she died before going to bed with her; if he could marry her mother. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘A man from us had done so, thus I do not see it as unlawful.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَمَكَثَ أَيَّاماً مَعَهَا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُهَا غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ رَأَى مِنْهَا مَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُهَا أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهَا فَقَالَ أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ وَ قَدْ رَأَى مِنْ أُمِّهَا مَا قَدْ رَأَى‌[1].

“About the case of a man who marries a woman and lives with her for many days, unable to do anything except that he has seen from her what is unlawful for others to see; then he divorces her; if he can marry her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ’How can it be proper for him when he has seen of her mother what he has seen?

إِيَّاكُمْ وَ ذَوَاتِ الْأَزْوَاجِ الْمُطَلَّقَاتِ عَلَى غَيْرِ السُّنَّةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَرَجُلٌ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ وَ لِي بِهَا حَاجَةٌ قَالَ فَتَلْقَاهُ بَعْدَ مَا طَلَّقَهَا[2] وَ انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهَا فَتَقُولُ لَهُ طَلَّقْتَ فُلَانَةَ فَإِذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَدْ صَارَ تَطْلِيقَةً عَلَى طُهْرٍ فَدَعْهَا مِنْ حِينَ طَلَّقَهَا تِلْكَ التَّطْلِيقَةَ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You must remain on your guard in the case of married women who are divorced against the Sunnah.’ I asked him (the Imam) that a man has divorced his wife and I am interested. He (the Imam) said, ‘Meet him after he divorces her and waiting period is complete with him then ask him, ‘Hav

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ مِنْ مَوَالِيكَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ قَدْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً قَدْ وَافَقَتْهُ وَ أَعْجَبَهُ بَعْضُ شَأْنِهَا وَ قَدْ كَانَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ فَطَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثاً عَلَى غَيْرِ السُّنَّةِ وَ قَدْ كَرِهَ أَنْ يُقْدِمَ عَلَى تَزْوِيجِهَا حَتَّى يَسْتَأْمِرَكَ فَتَكُونَ أَنْتَ تَأْمُرُهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هُوَ الْفَرْجُ وَ أَمْرُ الْفَرْجِ شَدِيدٌ وَ مِنْ

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘One of your followers offers greetings of peace to you and he wants to marry a woman who has agreed and he likes her due to certain matters about her and she has a husband who has divorced her three times on non-Sunnah basis. He dislikes marrying her without your instruction so y

يَدَعُهَا حَتَّى تَحِيضَ وَ تَطْهُرَ- ثُمَّ يَأْتِيهِ وَ مَعَهُ رَجُلَانِ شَاهِدَانِ فَيَقُولُ أَ طَلَّقْتَ فُلَانَةَ فَإِذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ تَرَكَهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ ثُمَّ خَطَبَهَا إِلَى نَفْسِهَا.

“About the case of a man who divorces his wife three times and then another man wants to marry her and about what he must do, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He must wait until she experiences one cycle of menses; then he must go to the man who has divorced her and ask him in the presence of two people, ‘Have you div

إِيَّاكَ وَ الْمُطَلَّقَاتِ ثَلَاثاً فِي مَجْلِسٍ فَإِنَّهُنَّ ذَوَاتُ أَزْوَاجٍ‌[1].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Beware of the case of a woman divorced three times in one meeting; they are married women.”

لَا تُزَوَّجُ ابْنَةُ الْأَخِ وَ لَا ابْنَةُ الْأُخْتِ عَلَى الْعَمَّةِ وَ لَا عَلَى الْخَالَةِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِمَا وَ تُزَوَّجُ الْعَمَّةُ وَ الْخَالَةُ عَلَى ابْنَةِ الْأَخِ وَ ابْنَةِ الْأُخْتِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِمَا[2].

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘You must not marry a daughter of a brother or daughter of a sister as a second wife, the first being her paternal or maternal aunt without their permission and you must not marry a paternal or maternal aunt as a second wife, the first being a daughter of her brother or a daughter of her s

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَا تُنْكَحُ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى عَمَّتِهَا وَ لَا خَالَتِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ الْعَمَّةِ وَ الْخَالَةِ.

‘You must not marry a woman as a second wife, the first being her paternal or maternal aunt, without her permission.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلَاثاً ثُمَّ تَمَتَّعَ فِيهَا رَجُلٌ آخَرُ هَلْ تَحِلُّ لِلْأَوَّلِ قَالَ لَا.

“I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a man who divorced his wife three times; then another man formed Mut‘ah with her if thereafter she can become lawful for him. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it ( Mut‘ah ) is not enough.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ طَلَاقاً لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ‌ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ‌ وَ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ مُتْعَةً أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْكِحَهَا قَالَ لَا حَتَّى تَدْخُلَ فِي مِثْلِ مَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْهُ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who divorces his wife as such that thereafter he cannot marry her without her marriage with another man but a man marries her in the manner of Mut‘ah; if thereafter he can marry her. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, until she enters into what