Wealth & Money

لَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَى الْأَسْفَلِ.

Hadith.5193 - Ibn Faddal narrated from Ibn Bukayr from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who falls upon another man and kills him, and the one on top dies. Imam (as) said: "There is no liability upon the one below."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ ضُرِبَ بِعَصاً فَلَمْ تُرْفَعْ عَنْهُ حَتَّى قُتِلَ أَ يُدْفَعُ الْقَاتِلُ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ- قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَكِنْ لَا يُتْرَكُ أَنْ يُعْبَثَ بِهِ‌[1] وَ لَكِنْ يُجَازُ عَلَيْهِ‌[2].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who was struck with a stick and was not released until he was killed. Should the killer be handed over to the heirs of the slain? Imam (as) said: "Yes, but he should not be left for them to abuse; rather, retribution should be carried out upon him."

إِذَا ضَرَبَ الرَّجُلُ بِالْحَدِيدَةِ فَذَلِكَ الْعَمْدُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْخَطَإِ الَّذِي فِيهِ الدِّيَةُ وَ الْكَفَّارَةُ أَ هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَضْرِبُ الرَّجُلَ فَلَا يَتَعَمَّدُ قَتْلَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَإِذَا رَمَى شَيْئاً فَأَصَابَ رَجُلًا قَالَ ذَلِكَ الْخَطَأُ الَّذِي لَا يُشَكُّ فِيهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ وَ دِيَةٌ[3].

Hadith.5195 - Al-Fadl ibn Abd Al-Malik narrated from Imam (as) that he said: "If a man strikes with an iron weapon, that is considered intentional killing (Al-'amd)." He said: "I asked Imam (as) about accidental killing (khata) for which blood money (diyyah) and expiation (kaffarah) are required - would this include a

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ فِي الْخَطَإِ شِبْهِ الْعَمْدِ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ بِالسَّوْطِ أَوْ بِالْحَجَرِ أَوْ بِالْعَصَا إِنَّ دِيَةَ ذَلِكَ تُغَلَّظُ وَ هِيَ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فِيهَا أَرْبَعُونَ خَلِفَةً بَيْنَ ثَنِيَّةٍ إِلَى بَازِلِ عَامِهَا[4] وَ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً وَ ثَلَاثُونَ ابْنَةَ لَبُونٍ وَ الْخَطَأُ يَكُونُ فِيهِ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً وَ ثَلَاثُونَ ابْنَةَ لَبُون

I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say that the Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "In the case of accidental killing resembling intentional killing (khaṭaʾ shibh Al-Amd), such as when someone is killed with a whip, a stone, or a stick, the blood money (diyyah) is made more severe. It is one hundred camels, among which are fo

مِائَةٌ مِنْ فُحُولَةِ الْإِبِلِ الْمَسَانِ‌[1] فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَمَكَانَ كُلِّ جَمَلٍ عِشْرُونَ مِنْ فُحُولَةِ الْغَنَمِ.

Hadith.5197 - Muawiyah ibn Wahb asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the blood money (diyyah) for intentional killing. Imam (as) said: "It is one hundred mature male camels. If they are not available, then for each camel, twenty mature male sheep are to be given in its place."

سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مُتَعَمِّداً فَلَمْ يُقَمْ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ وَ لَمْ تَصِحَّ الشَّهَادَةُ حَتَّى خُولِطَ وَ ذَهَبَ عَقْلُهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ قَوْماً آخَرِينَ شَهِدُوا عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَ مَا خُولِطَ أَنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ شَهِدُوا عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ حِينَ قَتَلَهُ وَ هُوَ صَحِيحٌ لَيْسَ بِهِ عِلَّةٌ مِنْ فَسَادِ عَقْلٍ قُتِلَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَشْهَدُوا عَلَيْهِ بِذَلِكَ وَ كَانَ

الدِّيَةُ كَامِلَةً.

Hadith.5199 - Sulayman ibn Khalid asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who hired a wet nurse and entrusted his child to her. While the child was with her, the wet nurse went and hired another woman to care for the child. This second wet nurse then disappeared with the child, and it became unknown what happened to the ch

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ وُجِدَ مَقْتُولًا فَجَاءَ رَجُلَانِ إِلَى وَلِيِّهِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَنَا قَتَلْتُهُ عَمْداً وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ أَنَا قَتَلْتُهُ خَطَأً[5] فَقَالَ إِنْ هُوَ أَخَذَ بِقَوْلِ صَاحِبِ الْعَمْدِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْخَطَإِ شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ إِنْ هُوَ أَخَذَ بِقَوْلِ صَاحِبِ الْخَطَإِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْعَمْدِ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who was found murdered. Two men came to guardian of the victim; one of them said: "I killed him intentionally," and other said: "I killed him by mistake." Imam (as) said: "If the guardian accepts the statement of the one who confessed to intentional killing, then he has no claim ag

سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ أَبِي لَيْلَى يَقُولُ‌ كَانَتِ الدِّيَةُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَأَقَرَّهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ فَرَضَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَقَرِ مِائَتَيْ بَقَرَةٍ وَ فَرَضَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الشَّاةِ أَلْفَ شَاةٍ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْحُلَلِ مِائَةَ حُلَّةٍ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فَسَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَمَّا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى فَقَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَقُولُ الدِّيَةُ أَلْ

I heard Ibn Abi Layla say, "In the pre-Islamic era, the blood money (diyyah) was one hundred camels, and the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) affirmed it. Then he imposed on the people of cattle two hundred cows, on the people of sheep one thousand sheep, and on the people of garments one hun

وَ سَمِعَ كُلَيْبُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ قَتَلَ فِي شَهْرٍ حَرَامٍ فَعَلَيْهِ دِيَةٌ وَ ثُلُثٌ‌[1].

Hadith.5202 - Kulayb ibn Muawiyah heard Abu Abdullah Imam Al-Sadiq (as) say: "Whoever kills during a sacred month (haram month) is liable for the full blood money (diyyah) plus one-third."

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِذَا قَتَلَ الرَّجُلُ فِي شَهْرٍ حَرَامٍ صَامَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ مِنْ أَشْهُرِ الْحُرُمِ‌[2].

I heard Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say, "If a man kills during a sacred month (haram month), he must fast for two consecutive months from the sacred months."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مُسْلِماً عَمْداً فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْمَقْتُولِ أَوْلِيَاءُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَّا أَوْلِيَاءُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ مِنْ قَرَابَتِهِ فَقَالَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَعْرِضَ عَلَى قَرَابَتِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الْإِسْلَامَ فَمَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ فَهُوَ وَلِيُّهُ يُدْفَعُ الْقَاتِلُ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنْ شَاءَ قَتَلَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ ا

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who intentionally killed a Muslim man, but the murdered man had no heirs among the Muslims, only relatives from the People of the Book (Ahl Al-Dhimmah) from his family. Imam (as) said: "It is upon the Imam to offer Islam to his non-Muslim relatives. Whoever among them accepts Islam

الدِّيَةُ عَلَى الَّذِي وَقَعَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ فَقَتَلَهُ لِأَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ قَالَ وَ يَرْجِعُ الْمَدْفُوعُ بِالدِّيَةِ عَلَى الَّذِي دَفَعَهُ قَالَ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَ الْمَدْفُوعَ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَهُوَ عَلَى الدَّافِعِ أَيْضاً.

Hadith.5205 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who pushed another man onto someone else, causing that person's death. Imam (as) said: "The blood money (diyyah) is upon the one who fell onto the man and killed him, and it must be paid to the heirs of t

كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَقُولُ‌ تُسْتَأْدَى دِيَةُ الْخَطَإِ فِي ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ وَ تُسْتَأْدَى دِيَةُ الْعَمْدِ فِي سَنَةٍ[3].

The Commander of the Faithful (as) used to say, "The blood money (diyyah) for accidental killing (khaṭaʾ) is to be paid over three years, while the blood money for intentional killing (Amd) must be paid within one year."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفّٰارَةٌ لَهُ ۝ قَالَ "يُكَفَّرُ عَنْهُ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا عَفَا عَنِ اَلْعَمْدِ.

I asked Imam (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "But if one remits it as charity, it is an expiation for him.". (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:45) Imam (as) said: "A portion of his sins will be expiated according to the extent of the forgiveness granted in the case of intentional killing."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا عَمْداً فَرُفِعَ إِلَى الْوَالِي فَدَفَعَهُ الْوَالِي إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ لِيَقْتُلُوهُ فَوَثَبَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَوْمٌ فَخَلَّصُوا الْقَاتِلَ مِنْ أَيْدِي الْأَوْلِيَاءِ فَقَالَ أَرَى أَنْ يُحْبَسَ الَّذِينَ خَلَّصُوا الْقَاتِلَ مِنْ أَيْدِي الْأَوْلِيَاءِ أَبَداً حَتَّى يَأْتُوا بِالْقَاتِلِ قِيلَ لَهُ فَإِنْ مَاتَ الْقَاتِلُ وَ هُمْ فِي السِّجْنِ فَقَالَ إِنْ مَاتَ فَعَل

I asked Imam (as) about a man who intentionally killed another man. The matter was presented to the governor, and the governor handed the killer over to the heirs of the murdered person to execute him. However, a group of people attacked and rescued the killer from the heirs. Imam (as) said: "I believe that those who r

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي الْعَمْدِ وَ الْخَطَإِ فِي الْقَتْلِ وَ فِي الْجِرَاحَاتِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ الْخَطَأُ مِثْلَ الْعَمْدِ الْعَمْدُ فِيهِ الْقَتْلُ وَ الْجِرَاحَاتُ فِيهَا الْقِصَاصُ وَ الْخَطَأُ فِي الْقَتْلِ وَ الْجِرَاحَاتِ فِيهِمَا الدِّيَةُ وَ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي يَا حَكَمُ إِذَا كَانَ الْخَطَأُ مِنَ الْقَاتِلِ أَوِ الْخَطَأُ مِنَ الْجَارِحِ وَ كَانَ بَدَوِيّاً فَدِيَةُ مَا جَنَى الْبَدَوِي

I asked Abu Jafar (as), "What do you say about intentional and accidental killing and in cases of injuries?" Imam (as) replied: "Accidental killing is not the same as intentional killing. In intentional killing, execution (qiṣaṣ) applies, and for injuries, retribution applies. In accidental killing and injuries, there

يُقْتَلُ بِهِ الَّذِي وَلِيَ قَتْلَهُ وَ يُحْبَسُ الَّذِي أَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِ فِي السِّجْنِ أَبَداً حَتَّى يَمُوتَ‌[4].

Hadith.5210 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab from Zurarah from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a man who commanded a free man to kill another man, and he carried out the killing. Imam (as) said: "The one who directly committed the murder shall be executed, and the one who ordered the kil

سَأَلْتُ‌ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ أُمَّهُ قَالَ لَا يَرِثُهَا وَ يُقْتَلُ بِهَا صَاغِراً[1] وَ لَا أَظُنُّ قَتْلَهُ بِهَا كَفَّارَةً لِذَنْبِهِ.

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who killed his mother. Imam (as) said: "He does not inherit from her, and he is to be executed for her murder in a state of humiliation. Yet, I do not believe that his execution will serve as an expiation for his sin."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا خَطَأً فِي أَشْهُرِ الْحُرُمِ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ الدِّيَةُ وَ صَوْمُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ مِنْ أَشْهُرِ الْحُرُمِ قُلْتُ إِنَّ هَذَا يَدْخُلُ فِيهِ الْعِيدُ وَ أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ فَقَالَ يَصُومُهُ فَإِنَّهُ حَقٌّ لَزِمَهُ‌[2].

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who accidentally killed another man during the sacred months (Ashhur Al-Hurum). Imam (as) said: "He must pay the blood money (diyyah) and fast for two consecutive months from the sacred months." I said: "But this period includes Eid and the days of Tashr

وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبَانٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ عَلَيْهِ دِيَةٌ وَ ثُلُثٌ‌[3].

Hadith.5213 - In the narration of Aban from Zurarah from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "He must pay the full blood money (diyyah) plus one-third."

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا ضَرَبَ رَجُلًا بِخَزَفَةٍ أَوْ بِآجُرَّةٍ[4] فَمَاتَ كَانَ‌

Abu Abdullah (as) said: "If a man strikes another man with a piece of pottery or a brick and he dies, it is considered intentional killing."

الدِّيَةُ كَامِلَةً وَ لَا يُقْتَلُ الرَّجُلُ‌[2].

Hadith.5215 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Hisham ibn Salim and others from Abu Abdullah (as) that that Imam (as) was asked about a woman upon whom a man used excessive force, and he claimed that she died due to his violence against her. Imam (as) said: "The full blood money (diyyah) must be paid, but the man is not to

لَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِمَا[3] إِذَا كَانَا مَأْمُونَيْنِ فَإِنِ اتُّهِمَا لَزِمَهُمَا الْيَمِينُ بِاللَّهِ أَنَّهُمَا لَمْ يُرِيدَا الْقَتْلَ.

Hadith.5216 - In Nawadir of Ibrahim ibn Hashim, it is narrated that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a man who violently assaulted a woman or a woman who violently assaulted her husband, and one of them ended up killing the other. Imam (as) said: "There is nothing upon either of them if they are co

إِنْ شَاءَ أَوْلِيَاءُ الْمَقْتُولِ أَنْ يُؤَدُّوا دِيَةً وَ يَقْتُلُوهُمَا جَمِيعاً قَتَلُوهُمَا[4].

Hadith.5217 - Dawud ibn Sirhan narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding two men who killed another man. Imam (as) said: "If the heirs of the murdered person wish to pay the blood money (diyyah) and execute both of them, they may kill them both."

هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَقْبَلُ الدِّيَةَ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِي لَهُ الْحَقُّ أَنْ يَتَّبِعَهُ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَ لَا يُعْسِرَهُ وَ أَمَرَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ أَنْ لَا يَظْلِمَهُ وَ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَهُ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ إِذَا أَيْسَرَ فَقُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ قَوْلَهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ فَمَنِ اعْتَدى‌ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ فَلَهُ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ‌ قَالَ هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَقْبَلُ الدِّيَةَ أَوْ يُصَالِحُ ثُمَّ يَجِي‌ءُ بَعْدُ

Hadith.5218 - Samaah narrated from Abu Basir from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "But if any remission is made by the brother of the slain, then grant [him] a suitable follow-up" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:178). I asked: "What is that 'remission'?"

هُوَ مَأْمُونٌ‌[1].

Hadith.5219 - Dawud ibn Sirhan narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who was carrying goods on his head and accidentally struck a person, causing death or breaking something. Imam (as) said: "He is not held liable (ma'mun)."

قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مُتَعَمِّداً أَوْ خَطَأً وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ مَالٌ فَأَرَادَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ أَنْ يَهَبُوا دَمَهُ لِلْقَاتِلِ فَقَالَ إِنْ وَهَبُوا دَمَهُ ضَمِنُوا الدَّيْنَ‌[2] قُلْتُ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَرَادُوا قَتْلَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ قُتِلَ عَمْداً قُتِلَ قَاتِلُهُ وَ أَدَّى عَنْهُ الْإِمَامُ الدَّيْنَ مِنْ سَهْمِ الْغَارِمِينَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ قُتِلَ عَمْداً وَ صَالَحَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ قَا

I asked Imam (as): "May I be your ransom! A man was killed, whether intentionally or accidentally, and he had debts and wealth. His heirs wanted to pardon the killer. What is the ruling?" Imam (as) said: "If they pardon his blood, they are responsible for paying his debts." I asked: "What if they wish to execute the ki

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ كُلُّ مَنْ قَتَلَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَتَعَمَّدَ فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَوَدُ[4].

Hadith.5221 - In the narration of Ibn Bukayr, Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Whoever intentionally kills with anything, whether small or large, is subject to retribution (qiṣaṣ)."

يُعْرَضُ عَلَيْهِ حُرُوفُ الْمُعْجَمِ فَمَا أَفْصَحَ مِنْهَا فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ فِيهِ وَ مَا لَمْ يُفْصِحْ بِهِ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ الدِّيَةُ وَ هِيَ ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ حَرْفاً[5].

Hadith.5222 - Al-Bazanti narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who struck another man on the head with a stick, causing his speech to become impaired. Imam (as) said: "He should be tested with the letters of the Arabic alphabet. For the letters he can articulate clearly, there is no li

سُئِلَ عَنِ الْغُلَامِ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ وَ امْرَأَةٍ قَتَلَا رَجُلًا فَقَالَ إِنَّ خَطَأَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَ الْغُلَامِ عَمْدٌ[1] فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ أَوْلِيَاءُ الْمَقْتُولِ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُمَا قَتَلُوهُمَا وَ يَرُدُّونَ عَلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْغُلَامِ خَمْسَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ إِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ يَقْتُلُوا الْغُلَامَ قَتَلُوهُ وَ تَرُدُّ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْغُلَامِ رُبُعَ الدِّيَةِ قَالَ وَ إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَوْلِيَاء

Hadith.5223 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Hisham ibn Salim from Abu Basir from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that he was asked about a young boy who had not reached maturity and a woman who together killed a man. Imam (as) said: "The mistake (khaṭaʾ) of a woman and a boy is considered intentional

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِذَا بَلَغَ الْغُلَامُ خَمْسَةَ أَشْبَارٍ اقْتُصَّ مِنْهُ وَ اقْتُصَّ لَهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَلَغَ الْغُلَامُ خَمْسَةَ أَشْبَارٍ فَقُضِيَ بِالدِّيَةِ[2].

Hadith.5226 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man and a boy who together killed a man. Imam (as) said: The Commander of the Faithful (as) stated: "If the boy has reached five hand spans in height, then retribution (qiṣaṣ) is carried out against him and for him. However, if the boy has not yet reac

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ أَعْمَى فَقَأَ عَيْنَ صَحِيحٍ مُتَعَمِّداً فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ إِنَّ عَمْدَ الْأَعْمَى مِثْلُ الْخَطَإِ هَذَا فِيهِ الدِّيَةُ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ فَإِنَّ دِيَةَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ وَ لَا يُبْطَلُ حَقُّ مُسْلِمٍ.

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a blind man who intentionally gouged out the eye of a sighted person. Imam (as) said: "O' Abu Ubaydah, the intentional act of a blind man is treated like a mistake (khaṭaʾ). The blood money (diyyah) must be paid from his wealth. If he has no wealth, then the d

وَ رَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَجْنُونٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا عَمْداً فَجَعَلَ ع الدِّيَةَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ وَ جَعَلَ خَطَأَهُ وَ عَمْدَهُ سَوَاءً.

Hadith.5228 - Ismaʿil ibn Abi Ziyad narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) wrote to the Commander of the Faithful (as) asking about a mentally ill man who intentionally killed another man. The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled that the blood money (diyyah) wa

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع عَشَرَةٌ قَتَلُوا رَجُلًا قَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ قَتَلُوهُمْ جَمِيعاً وَ غَرِمُوا تِسْعَ دِيَاتٍ وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا أَنْ يَتَخَيَّرُوا رَجُلًا فَيَقْتُلُوهُ قَتَلُوهُ وَ أَدَّى التِّسْعَةُ الْبَاقُونَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْمَقْتُولِ الْأَخِيرِ عُشْرَ الدِّيَةِ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْوَالِيَ يَلِي أَدَبَهُمْ وَ حَبْسَهُمْ.

I asked Abu Jafar (as) about ten men who killed a man. Imam (as) said: "If the heirs of the murdered person wish, they may kill all of them and pay nine blood monies (diyyat). But if they prefer to choose one of them to execute, they may do so, and the remaining nine must each pay one-tenth of the blood money to the he

وَ قَالَ: فِي عَشَرَةٍ اشْتَرَكُوا فِي قَتْلِ رَجُلٍ قَالَ يَتَخَيَّرُ أَهْلُ الْمَقْتُولِ فَأَيُّهُمْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوهُ وَ يَرْجِعُ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ عَلَى الْبَاقِينَ بِتِسْعَةِ أَعْشَارِ الدِّيَةِ[1].

Hadith.5232 - And Imam (as) said regarding ten people who collectively participated in killing a man: "The heirs of the murdered person may choose whichever one of them they wish to execute, and the heirs of the executed person can then seek compensation from the remaining nine for nine-tenths of the blood money (diyya

وَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي سِتَّةِ نَفَرٍ كَانُوا فِي الْمَاءِ فَغَرِقَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ فَشَهِدَ مِنْهُمْ ثَلَاثَةٌ عَلَى اثْنَيْنِ أَنَّهُمَا غَرَّقَاهُ وَ شَهِدَ اثْنَانِ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ أَنَّهُمْ غَرَّقُوهُ فَأَلْزَمَهُمُ الدِّيَةَ جَمِيعاً أَلْزَمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَسْهُمٍ بِشَهَادَةِ الثَّلَاثَةِ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ أَلْزَمَ الثَّلَاثَةَ سَهْمَيْنِ بِشَهَادَةِ الِاثْنَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمْ‌[2].

Hadith.5233 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled in the case of six people who were in the water, and one of them drowned. Three of them testified that two others had drowned him, while the two testified that the three had drowned him. Imam (as) obligated all of them to pay the blood money (diyyah). Imam (as) mad

وَ قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع‌[3] فِي أَرْبَعَةِ نَفَرٍ اطَّلَعُوا فِي زُبْيَةِ الْأَسَدِ فَخَرَّ أَحَدُهُمْ فَاسْتَمْسَكَ بِالثَّانِي وَ اسْتَمْسَكَ الثَّانِي بِالثَّالِثِ وَ اسْتَمْسَكَ الثَّالِثُ بِالرَّابِعِ حَتَّى أَسْقَطَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً عَلَى الْأَسَدِ فَقَضَى بِالْأَوَّلِ أَنَّهُ فَرِيسَةُ الْأَسَدِ وَ غَرَّمَ أَهْلَهُ ثُلُثَ الدِّيَةِ لِأَهْلِ الثَّانِي وَ غَرَّمَ أَهْلَ الثَّانِي لِأَهْلِ الثَّالِثِ ثُلُثَيِ الدِّي

Hadith.5234 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled in the case of four people who were looking into a lion's pit. One of them fell in and grabbed onto the second, the second grabbed onto the third, and the third grabbed onto the fourth until they all pulled each other down onto the lion. Imam (as) ruled that the first was

كَانَ قَوْمٌ يَشْرَبُونَ فَيَسْكَرُونَ فَتَبَاعَجُوا[1] بِسَكَاكِينَ كَانَتْ مَعَهُمْ فَرُفِعُوا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَسَجَنَهُمْ فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلَانِ وَ بَقِيَ رَجُلَانِ فَقَالَ أَهْلُ الْمَقْتُولَيْنِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَقِدْهُمَا بِصَاحِبَيْنَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لِلْقَوْمِ مَا تَرَوْنَ فَقَالُوا نَرَى أَنْ تُقِيدَهُمَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَعَلَّ ذَيْنِكَ اللَّذَيْنِ مَاتَا قَتَلَ كُلُّ وَا

Hadith.5236 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that a group of people were drinking and became intoxicated. They began to attack each other with knives they had with them. They were brought before the Commander of the Faithful (as), and Imam (as) imprisoned them. Two of them died, and two remained alive. The f

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ قَطَعَ إِصْبَعاً مِنْ أَصَابِعِ الْمَرْأَةِ كَمْ فِيهَا قَالَ عَشَرَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ قُلْتُ قَطَعَ اثْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ عِشْرُونَ قُلْتُ قَطَعَ ثَلَاثاً قَالَ ثَلَاثُونَ قُلْتُ‌ قَطَعَ أَرْبَعاً قَالَ عِشْرُونَ قُلْتُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ يَقْطَعُ ثَلَاثاً فَيَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثُونَ فَيَقْطَعُ أَرْبَعاً فَيَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ عِشْرُونَ إِنَّ هَذَا كَانَ يَبْلُغُنَا وَ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as): "What do you say about a man who cuts off one finger of a woman? How much is due for it?" Imam (as) replied: "Ten camels." I asked: "If he cuts off two (fingers)?" Imam (as) said: "Twenty (camels)." I asked: "If he cuts off three (fingers)?" Imam (as) said: "Thirty (camels)." I asked: "If he

قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ امْرَأَةً فَقَالَ إِنْ أَرَادَ أَهْلُ الْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُ أَدَّوْا نِصْفَ دِيَتِهِ وَ قَتَلُوهُ وَ إِلَّا قَبِلُوا الدِّيَةَ.

Hadith.5241 - Abu Baṣir narrated from one of the Imams (peace be upon them) that they said: I asked: "What if a man kills a woman?" Imam (as) replied: "If the family of the woman wishes to have him killed, they must pay half of his diyyah (blood money) and then they may kill him. Otherwise, they should accept the diyya

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا لِصٌّ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَتَلَ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَوَثَبَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى اللِّصِّ فَقَتَلَتْهُ فَقَالَ أَمَّا الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي قَتَلَتْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ دِيَةُ سَخْلَتِهَا عَلَى عَصَبَةِ الْمَقْتُولِ السَّارِقِ‌[1].

I asked Iman (as) about a pregnant woman upon whom a thief broke in and assaulted her, causing the death of the child in her womb. The woman then attacked the thief and killed him. Imam (as) replied: "As for the woman who killed him, there is nothing upon her. The diyyah (blood money) for her unborn child is upon the m

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ دِيَةِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ قَالَ هُمْ سَوَاءٌ ثَمَانُمِائَةٍ ثَمَانُمِائَةٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنْ أُخِذُوا فِي بَلَدِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ هُمْ يَعْمَلُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ أَ يُقَامُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحَدُّ قَالَ نَعَمْ يُحْكَمُ فِيهِمْ بِأَحْكَامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ‌[2].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the blood money (diyyah) for a Jew, a Christian, and a Magian. Imam (as) replied: "They are equal - eight hundred (dirhams), eight hundred (dirhams)." I asked: "May I be your ransom, if they are caught committing an immoral act in the land of the Muslims, is the legal punishment (hadd) a

بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ع خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ فَأَصَابَ بِهَا دِمَاءَ قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى وَ الْمَجُوسِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِنِّي أَصَبْتُ دِمَاءَ قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى فَوَدَيْتُهُمْ ثَمَانَمِائَةٍ ثَمَانَمِائَةٍ[3] وَ أَصَبْتُ دِمَاءَ قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْمَجُوسِ وَ لَمْ تَكُنْ عَهِدْتَ إِلَيَّ فِيهِمْ عَهْداً قَالَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنّ

Hadith.5250 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Samaah ibn Mihran who reported from Abu Abdullah (as) that the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) sent Khalid ibn Al-Walid to Bahrain, where he was involved in shedding the blood of some Jews, Christians, and Magians. Khalid wrote to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace

نَعَمْ قِيلَ‌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ قَالَ يُدْفَعُ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ فَإِنْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا عَفَوْا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا اسْتَرَقُّوا وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مَالٌ عَيْنٌ لَهُ دُفِعَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ هُوَ وَ مَالُهُ‌[1].

Hadith.5251 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Riʾab from Ḍurays Al-Kunasi who reported from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a Christian man who killed a Muslim. When he was captured, he accepted Islam. Imam (as) was asked: "Should he be killed for the Muslim he murdered?" Imam (as) rep

دِيَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافٍ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافٍ وَ دِيَةُ الْمَجُوسِيِّ ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّ لِلْمَجُوسِ كِتَاباً يُقَالُ لَهُ جَامَاسْفُ‌[2].

Hadith.5252 - Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah from Abu Baṣir, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as) that he said: "The blood money (diyyah) for a Jew and a Christian is four thousand (dirhams), four thousand (dirhams), and the blood money for a Magian (Zoroastrian) is eight hundred dirhams." Imam (

وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ دِيَةَ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ لِأَنَّهُمْ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ‌[3].

Hadith.5253 - It has been narrated: "The blood money (diyyah) for a Jew, a Christian, and a Magian is four thousand dirhams, four thousand dirhams because they are People of the Book."

دِيَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ دِيَةُ الْمُسْلِمِ.

"The blood money (diyyah) for a Jew, a Christian, and a Magian is equal to that of a Muslim."

مَا رَوَاهُ اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "مَنْ أَعْطَاهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ ذِمَّةً فَدِيَتُهُ كَامِلَةٌ"

"Whoever was granted protection (dhimmah) by Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), his blood money (diyyah) is complete (to that of a muslim)."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ فَقَأَ عَيْنَ نَصْرَانِيٍّ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ دِيَةَ عَيْنِ اَلذِّمِّيِّ أَرْبَعُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ".

Hadith.5259 - Buraid Al-Ijli narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a Muslim who gouged out the eye of a Christian. Imam (as) replied: "The blood money (diyyah) for the eye of a dhimmi (non-Muslim under Islamic protection) is four hundred dirhams."