Prayer

قَالا لَيْسَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ تَسْلِيمٌ

“Abu Ja‘far, and abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), have said, ‘There is no Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) to end Salah (prayer) for a deceased.’”

صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى حَمْزَةَ سَبْعِينَ صَلَاةً[1].

‘The Messenger of Allah said seventy Salah (prayers) for Hamzah.’”

كَبَّرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص عَلَى سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ وَ كَانَ بَدْرِيّاً خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ ثُمَّ مَشَى سَاعَةً ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُ وَ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَةً أُخْرَى فَصَنَعَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.) said five takbirs over Sahl ibn Hunayf who was a Badri, (participant in the battle of Badr). He (Imam 'Ali) then walked for a while, then placed him on the ground and said another five Takbir and so on until he had said twenty five Takbir.’”

كَبَّرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى حَمْزَةَ سَبْعِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً وَ كَبَّرَ عَلِيٌّ ع عِنْدَكُمْ عَلَى سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً قَالَ كَبَّرَ خَمْساً خَمْساً كُلَّمَا أَدْرَكَهُ النَّاسُ قَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَمْ نُدْرِكِ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى سَهْلٍ فَيَضَعُهُ فَيُكَبِّرُ عَلَيْهِ خَمْساً حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى قَبْرِهِ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah in Salah (prayer) for Hamzah said seventy Takbir and ’Amir al-Mu’minin) Ali said twenty five Takbir in Salah (prayer) for Sahl ibn Hunayf. He (the Imam) said, ‘Each time ’Amir al-Mu’minin said five Takbir as new people arrived saying that we did not have a chance to

الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمُسْتَضْعَفِ وَ الَّذِي لَا يَعْرِفُ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى‌ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ الدُّعَاءُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ تَقُولُ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ‌[1] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَتَيْنِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has stated this Hadith: ‘There are people of weak understanding who do not understand prayer for the Holy prophet, and for the believing people -

إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ فَادْعُ لَهُ وَ اجْتَهِدْ لَهُ فِي الدُّعَاءِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ وَاقِفاً مُسْتَضْعَفاً فَكَبِّرْ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ‌.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘When you perform Salah (prayer) for a believing person, pray for him and strive in your appeal in favor of the deceased person. If he is of those who keep matters on hold (of waqifiy belief) or of weak understanding say, ‘Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) and, O Lord, forgive tho

إِنْ كَانَ مُسْتَضْعَفاً فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ‌ وَ إِذَا كُنْتَ لَا تَدْرِي مَا حَالُهُ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ يُحِبُّ الْخَيْرَ وَ أَهْلَهُ فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ وَ ارْحَمْهُ وَ تَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفُ مِنْكَ بِسَبِيلٍ‌[2] فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِ الشَّفَاعَةِ لَا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْوَلَايَةِ[3].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If the deceased is a person of weak understanding, say, “O Lord, forgive those who have repented and followed Your path and protect them against suffering of the hell fire.” If you do not know the condition of the deceased, then say, “O Lord, if this deceased is of those who

التَّرَحُّمُ عَلَى جِهَتَيْنِ جِهَةِ الْوَلَايَةِ وَ جِهَةِ الشَّفَاعَةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Expressing kindness and compassion has two aspects: The aspect of al-Walayah (guardianship) and that of intercession.’”

تَقُولُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ‌ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِكَ وَ رَسُولِكَ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ تَقَبَّلْ شَفَاعَتَهُ وَ بَيِّضْ وَجْهَهُ وَ أَكْثِرْ تَبَعَهُ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَ ارْحَمْنِي وَ تُبْ عَلَيَّ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ‌ فَإِنْ كَانَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said to say this, ‘(I testify that only Allah deserves worship, He is one and has no partners and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger). O Allah, I pray to You to grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. O Lord, accept hi

كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فَإِذَا بِجَنَازَةٍ لِقَوْمٍ مِنْ جِيرَتِهِ فَحَضَرَهَا وَ كُنْتُ قَرِيباً مِنْهُ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ خَلَقْتَ هَذِهِ النُّفُوسَ وَ أَنْتَ تُمِيتُهَا وَ أَنْتَ تُحْيِيهَا وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِسَرَائِرِهَا وَ عَلَانِيَتِهَا مِنَّا وَ مُسْتَقَرِّهَا وَ مُسْتَوْدَعِهَا اللَّهُمَّ وَ هَذَا عَبْدُكَ وَ لَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ شَرّاً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ وَ قَدْ جِئْن

“Once I was with abu Ja’far (a.s.), when a deceased from the people who believe in predestination was brought; and I was near him (the Imam) and heard him (the Imam) say, ‘O Lord, it is You who have created these souls and You cause them to die and give them life. You know their secrets and their public affairs better

لَمَّا مَاتَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيِّ بْنِ سَلُولٍ‌[1] حَضَرَ النَّبِيُّ ص جَنَازَتَهُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَمْ يَنْهَكَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تَقُومَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ‌[2] فَسَكَتَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَمْ يَنْهَكَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تَقُومَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ وَيْلَكَ وَ مَا يُدْرِيكَ مَا قُلْتُ إِنِّي قُلْتُ- اللَّهُمَّ احْشُ جَوْفَهُ نَاراً وَ امْلَأْ قَبْرَهُ نَاراً وَ

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Ubay ibn Salul died, the Holy prophet attended his funeral. ‘Umar said to the Messenger of Allah, “O Messenger of Allah, has Allah not forbidden you from standing on his grave?” He (the Messenger of Allah) remained silent. He (‘Umar) said, “O Messenger of Allah, h

لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُ ع أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ يَا فُلَانُ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَوْلَاهُ أَفِرُّ مِنْ جِنَازَةِ هَذَا الْمُنَافِقِ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُ ع انْظُرْ أَنْ تَقُومَ‌[1] عَلَى يَمِينِي فَمَا تَسْمَعُنِي أَقُولُ فَقُلْ مِثْلَهُ فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ وَلِيُّهُ قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع- اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ فُلَاناً عَبْدَكَ أَلْفَ لَعْنَةٍ مُؤْتَلِفَةٍ غَيْرِ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ الل

2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn Mahbub from Ziyad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Amir ibn al-Simt who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a man of the hypocrites died. Al-Husayn ibn Ali (a.s.), attended his funeral; at t

مَاتَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَخَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع يَمْشِي فَلَقِيَ مَوْلًى لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِلَى أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ فَقَالَ أَفِرُّ مِنْ جِنَازَةِ هَذَا الْمُنَافِقِ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُ ع قُمْ إِلَى جَنْبِي فَمَا سَمِعْتَنِي أَقُولُ فَقُلْ مِثْلَهُ قَالَ فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ- اللَّهُمَّ أَخْزِ عَبْدَكَ فِي عِبَادِكَ وَ بِلَادِكَ اللَّهُمَّ أَصْلِهِ حَرَّ نَارِكَ اللَّهُمَّ أَذِ

a man of the hypocrites died and al-Husayn (a.s.), came out walking. One of his followers came and he (the Imam) asked, ‘Where are you going?’ He replied, ‘I am running away from the dead body of this hypocrite to avoid performing Salah (prayer) for him.’ Al-Husayn (a.s.), said, ‘Stand next to me and say what you will

إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى عَدُوِّ اللَّهِ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ فُلَاناً لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ لَكَ وَ لِرَسُولِكَ اللَّهُمَّ فَاحْشُ قَبْرَهُ نَاراً وَ احْشُ جَوْفَهُ نَاراً وَ عَجِّلْ بِهِ إِلَى النَّارِ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّى أَعْدَاءَكَ وَ يُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ وَ يُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَ اللَّهُمَّ ضَيِّقْ عَلَيْهِ قَبْرَهُ فَإِذَا رُفِعَ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَرْفَعْهُ وَ لَا

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you pray against the enemy of Allah say, “O Lord, we do not know of so and so except that he is Your enemy and the enemy of Your messenger. O Lord, fill up his grave with fire as well as his belly and hasten him to the fire, because he loved Your enemies, he was an enemy of Your

إِنْ كَانَ جَاحِداً لِلْحَقِّ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ امْلَأْ جَوْفَهُ نَاراً وَ قَبْرَهُ‌ نَاراً وَ سَلِّطْ عَلَيْهِ الْحَيَّاتِ وَ الْعَقَارِبَ وَ ذَلِكَ قَالَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع لِامْرَأَةِ سَوْءٍ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهَا أَبِي وَ قَالَ هَذِهِ الْمَقَالَةَ- وَ اجْعَلِ الشَّيْطَانَ لَهَا قَرِيناً قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لِأَيِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ يَجْعَلُ الْحَيَّاتِ وَ الْعَقَارِبَ فِي قَبْرِهَا ف

“One of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ’Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ’If the dead person is one who refuses the truth say, ‘O Lord, fill up his belly with fire as well as his grave. Make snakes and scorpions dominate him.’ This is what abu Ja’far (a.s.), said about an evil woman of banu ‘Umayyah against w

تَقُولُ‌[2] اللَّهُمَّ أَخْزِ عَبْدَكَ فِي عِبَادِكَ وَ بِلَادِكَ اللَّهُمَّ أَصْلِهِ نَارَكَ وَ أَذِقْهُ أَشَدَّ عَذَابِكَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ وَ يُوَالِي أَعْدَاءَكَ وَ يُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَ ص.

“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, say, ‘O Lord, humiliate a servant who is one of Your servants in Your land. O Lord, make him feel the heat of Your fire. O Lord, make him suffer the most severe of suffering from Your creation because, he was an enemy of Your friends, he loved Your enemies and hated the family of Your H

مَاتَتِ امْرَأَةٌ[3] مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ فَحَضَرْتُهَا فَلَمَّا صَلَّوْا عَلَيْهَا وَ رَفَعُوهَا وَ صَارَتْ عَلَى أَيْدِي الرِّجَالِ قَالَ‌[4] اللَّهُمَّ ضَعْهَا وَ لَا تَرْفَعْهَا وَ لَا تُزَكِّهَا قَالَ وَ كَانَتْ عَدُوَّةً لِلَّهِ قَالَ وَ لَا أَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا قَالَ وَ لَنَا[5].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Once a woman of banu ‘Umayyah died and I was present in her funeral. When they performed Salah (prayer) and picked her body when on the hands of men he (the Imam) said, ‘O Lord, put her down and do not raise her and do not cleanse her.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘She was an enemy of Allah -

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ كَبَّرُوا عَلَى جِنَازَةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً أَوْ ثِنْتَيْنِ وَ وُضِعَتْ مَعَهَا أُخْرَى كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُونَ بِهَا قَالَ إِنْ شَاءُوا تَرَكُوا الْأُولَى حَتَّى يَفْرُغُوا مِنَ التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْأَخِيرَةِ وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا رَفَعُوا الْأُولَى وَ أَتَمُّوا مَا بَقِيَ عَلَى الْأَخِيرَةِ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a people who just have said Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) for Salah (prayer) of a deceased that another dead body is placed on the ground. What are they to do? He (the Imam) said, ’They can leave the first one until they complete all Takbir for the sec

لَمَّا مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَتَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْقَبْرَ فَأَرْخَى نَفْسَهُ‌[2] فَقَعَدَ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْكَ وَ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ قَالَ هَكَذَا فَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ ع.

“When Isma’il, son of abu ‘Abd Allah, passed away, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), went to the grave site, allowed his body to reach the ground, and said, ‘I pray to Allah to grant you mercy and favors.’ He did not enter the grave; and he said, ‘This is how the Holy Prophet did when Ibrahim died.’”

إِذَا أَتَيْتَ بِالْمَيِّتِ الْقَبْرَ فَسُلَّهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَ قُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص اللَّهُمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ ص وَ قُلْ كَمَا قُلْتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً مِنْ عِنْدِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ إِنْ كَ

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that you should place a deceased, after his arrival near the grave, in it from the side where you intend to place his feet. When the deceased is placed in the grave, read Ayatu al-Kursiy and say, ’(I begin) in the name of Allah, in the way of Allah and on the path of the Messenger of Al

سُلَّهُ سَلًّا رَفِيقاً فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي لَحْدِهِ فَلْيَكُنْ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ مِمَّا يَلِي رَأْسَهُ لِيَذْكُرَ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ يَتَعَوَّذَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَ لْيَقْرَأْ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ وَ الْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ وَ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ وَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَ إِنْ قَدَرَ أَنْ يَحْسِرَ عَنْ خَدِّهِ‌[4] وَ يُلْزِقَهُ بِالْأَرْضِ فَعَلَ وَ يَشْهَدُ وَ يَذْكُرُ مَا ي

4. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Muhammad ibn ‘Ajlan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said to place a deceased gently in the grave. The person from the side of his head, when he is placed in the grave, should speak of the names of Allah. He should also say ‘Al

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَصْنَعُ بِمَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ خَاصَّةً شَيْئاً لَا يَصْنَعُهُ بِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى الْهَاشِمِيِّ وَ نَضَحَ قَبْرَهُ بِالْمَاءِ وَضَعَ كَفَّهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ حَتَّى تُرَى أَصَابِعُهُ فِي الطِّينِ فَكَانَ الْغَرِيبُ يَقْدَمُ أَوِ الْمُسَافِرُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَيَرَى الْقَبْرَ الْجَدِيدَ عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ كَفِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَيَقُولُ مَنْ م

‘The Messenger of Allah would do something over the grave of the people from the tribe of banu Hashim and he would not do on other Muslims’ graves. After performing Salah (prayer) for a deceased from banu Hashim, sprinkling water over his grave, he would place his hand over the grave while his fingers pressed in the cl

السِّقْطُ إِذَا تَمَّ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ غُسِّلَ.

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A miscarried child (fetus) after four months is given Ghusl (bath).’”

إِذَا عَقَلَ الصَّلَاةَ قُلْتُ مَتَى تَجِبُ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ ابْنَ سِتِّ سِنِينَ وَ الصِّيَامُ إِذَا أَطَاقَهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about Salah (prayer) of a child. He (the Imam) said, ‘There is Salah (prayer) for him when he is able to understand it (Salah (prayer)).’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘When it becomes obligatory for him? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is when he is six years old and there is fasting on him wh

رَأَيْتُ ابْناً لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي حَيَاةِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع يُقَالُ لَهُ- عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَطِيمٌ‌[2] قَدْ دَرَجَ‌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا غُلَامُ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي إِلَى جَنْبِكَ لِمَوْلًى لَهُمْ فَقَالَ هَذَا مَوْلَايَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَوْلَى يُمَازِحُهُ لَسْتُ لَكَ بِمَوْلًى فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ شَرٌّ لَكَ‌[1] فَطَعَنَ فِي جِنَازَةِ الْغُلَامِ فَمَاتَ‌[2] فَأُخْرِجَ فِي سَفَطٍ إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ فَخَرَجَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ

“I saw a son of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), during the life time of abu Ja‘far (a.s.), called ‘Abd Allah Fatim moved in. I asked him about their Mawla’ next to him, ‘Who is he next to you?’ He replied, ‘He is my Mawla’ (servant or follower).’ The Mawla’, joking with him said, ‘I am not your Mawla’.’ He said, ‘That is worse

مَاتَ ابْنٌ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فَأُخْبِرَ بِمَوْتِهِ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَغُسِّلَ وَ كُفِّنَ وَ مَشَى مَعَهُ وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ طُرِحَتْ خُمْرَةٌ[6]- فَقَامَ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَامَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ وَ انْصَرَفْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى إِنِّي لَأَمْشِي مَعَهُ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُصَلَّى عَلَى مِثْلِ هَذَا وَ كَانَ ابْنَ ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ كَانَ‌ عَلِيٌّ ع يَأْمُرُ بِهِ فَيُدْفَنُ وَ

“One of the sons of Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), died. He (the Imam) was informed of his death and he commanded for Ghusl (bath) and shroud. He (the Imam) walked in his funeral and performed Salah (prayer). A prayer mat was spread and he (the Imam) stood on it, then he (the Imam) stood on his grave until he was free, then moved

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ السِّقْطِ إِذَا اسْتَوَى خَلْقُهُ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْغُسْلُ وَ اللَّحْدُ وَ الْكَفَنُ فَقَالَ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ.

“I once asked abu al-Hassan, al-Awwal (a.s.), about a miscarried child whose body is complete if Ghusl (bath) is necessary as well as al-Lahad (a horizontal or vertical) ditch in the grave). He (the Imam) said, ‘All of such things are necessary.’”

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ السِّقْطِ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ فَكَتَبَ ع إِلَيَّ أَنَّ السِّقْطَ يُدْفَنُ بِدَمِهِ فِي مَوْضِعِهِ‌[2].

“I once wrote to abu Ja‘far (a.s.), asking about what is done for a miscarried child. He (the Imam) wrote to me, ‘A miscarried child is buried with his blood in his place (right away).”’

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّهُ لَمَّا قُبِضَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص جَرَتْ فِيهِ ثَلَاثُ سُنَنٍ أَمَّا وَاحِدَةٌ فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا مَاتَ انْكَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ انْكَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِفَقْدِ ابْنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَصَعِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَ الْقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ

"When Ibrāhīm, the son of the Messenger of Allah (sw), passed away, three traditions were enacted concerning him. One of them was that when he died, the sun was eclipsed, and the people said, 'The sun is eclipsed due to the loss of the son of the Messenger of Allah.' So, the Messenger of Allah (sw) ascended the pulpit,

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ النَّاسَ يُكَلِّمُونَا وَ يَرُدُّونَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْلَنَا إِنَّهُ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَى الطِّفْلِ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُصَلِّ فَيَقُولُونَ لَا يُصَلَّى إِلَّا عَلَى مَنْ صَلَّى فَنَقُولُ نَعَمْ فَيَقُولُونَ أَ رَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا نَصْرَانِيّاً أَوْ يَهُودِيّاً أَسْلَمَ ثُمَّ مَاتَ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ فَمَا الْجَوَابُ فِيهِ فَقَالَ قُولُوا لَهُمْ أَ رَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنَّ هَذَا الَّذِي أ

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that people speak against us and do not accept our words, ‘there is no Salah (prayer) for a deceased child’; he has not performed any Salah (prayer). They say, ‘You say that there is no Salah (prayer) for those who have not performed any Salah (prayer).’ We say, ‘Yes that is true.

أَصَابَ النَّاسَ بِمَكَّةَ سَنَةً مِنَ السِّنِينَ صَوَاعِقُ كَثِيرَةٌ مَاتَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع فَقَالَ مُبْتَدِئاً مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ يَنْبَغِي لِلْغَرِيقِ وَ الْمَصْعُوقِ أَنْ يُتَرَبَّصَ بِهِ ثَلَاثاً لَا يُدْفَنُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَجِي‌ءَ مِنْهُ رِيحٌ تَدُلُّ عَلَى مَوْتِهِ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ كَأَنَّكَ تُخْبِرُنِي أَنَّهُ قَدْ دُفِنَ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ أَحْيَاءً فَ

‘It is proper to delay for three days the burial of one who has died because of drowning and sudden shock unless the spread of smell proves his death.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, are you telling me that many people are buried alive? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, O Ali, many peo

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الَّذِي يُقْتَلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَ يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُكَفَّنُ وَ يُحَنَّطُ قَالَ يُدْفَنُ كَمَا هُوَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ بِهِ رَمَقٌ ثُمَّ مَاتَ- فَإِنَّهُ يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُكَفَّنُ وَ يُحَنَّطُ وَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص صَلَّى عَلَى حَمْزَةَ وَ كَفَّنَهُ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ قَدْ جُرِّدَ[1].

“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about those who are killed in the way of Allah, are Ghusl (bath), shroud and hunut done for them? He (the Imam) said, ‘They are buried as they are found in their clothes, unless found alive, then die in which case Ghusl (bath), shroud, hunut and Salah (prayer) are done for them. The

قُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ الشَّهِيدُ يُدْفَنُ بِدِمَائِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ فِي ثِيَابِهِ بِدِمَائِهِ وَ لَا يُحَنَّطُ وَ لَا يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُدْفَنُ كَمَا هُوَ ثُمَّ قَالَ دَفَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ع عَمَّهُ حَمْزَةَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ بِدِمَائِهِ الَّتِي أُصِيبَ فِيهَا وَ رَدَّاهُ النَّبِيُّ ص بِرِدَاءٍ فَقَصُرَ عَنْ رِجْلَيْهِ فَدَعَا لَهُ بِإِذْخِرٍ[2] فَطَرَحَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ صَلَاةً وَ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْ

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the martyr who is buried with his blood (not washed clean). He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he is buried in his clothes, with his blood, without, hunut and Ghusl (bath) and is buried as he is found.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘The Messenger of Allah buried his uncle Hamzah in his clothes

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ الشَّهِيدُ إِذَا كَانَ بِهِ رَمَقٌ غُسِّلَ وَ كُفِّنَ وَ حُنِّطَ وَ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِهِ رَمَقٌ دُفِنَ فِي أَثْوَابِهِ.

3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from more than one person from Aban from abu Maryam who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘A martyr if found alive is given Ghusl (bath), shroud, hunut and Salah (prayer) is performed for him. If he is found dead he

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ الَّذِي يُقْتَلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ يُدْفَنُ فِي ثِيَابِهِ وَ لَا يُغَسَّلُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُدْرِكَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَ بِهِ رَمَقٌ ثُمَّ يَمُوتَ بَعْدُ فَإِنَّهُ يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُكَفَّنُ وَ يُحَنَّطُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَفَّنَ حَمْزَةَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ وَ لَمْ يُغَسِّلْهُ وَ لَكِنَّهُ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub ibn Sinan from Aban ibn Taghlib who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘Those who are killed in the way of Allah are buried with their clothes without Ghusl (bath) unless Muslims find him alive and then he dies aft

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَأْكُلُهُ السَّبُعُ وَ الطَّيْرُ فَتَبْقَى عِظَامُهُ بِغَيْرِ لَحْمٍ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُكَفَّنُ وَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ يُدْفَنُ وَ إِذَا كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ نِصْفَيْنِ صُلِّيَ عَلَى النِّصْفِ الَّذِي فِيهِ الْقَلْبُ.

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about one who is consumed by beasts and birds, and only his bones without flesh are left. He (the Imam) said, ‘Ghusl (bath), shroud and Salah (prayer) are done and then it is buried. If the deceased is found into two halves, Salah (prayer) is performed for the part which has the hear

إِذَا قُتِلَ قَتِيلٌ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ إِلَّا لَحْمٌ بِلَا عَظْمٍ لَهُ لَمْ يُصَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ وُجِدَ عَظْمٌ بِلَا لَحْمٍ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ. - قَالَ وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَى الرَّأْسِ إِذَا أُفْرِدَ مِنَ الْجَسَدِ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘If one is killed and only flesh without bones are found, Salah (prayer) is not obligatory for it. If bones without flesh are found, there is Salah (prayer) for it.’” He (the narrator) has said, ‘It is narrated that Salah (prayer) is not obligatory for a head found without the body.’”

إِذَا وُجِدَ الرَّجُلُ قَتِيلًا فَإِنْ وُجِدَ لَهُ عُضْوٌ تَامٌّ- صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَ دُفِنَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ عُضْوٌ تَامٌّ لَمْ يُصَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَ دُفِنَ.

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A man who is found being killed, if there is a complete part of the body, it is buried after Salah (prayer) for it. If a complete part is not found it is buried without Salah (prayer).’”

إِذَا وُسِّطَ الرَّجُلُ نِصْفَيْنِ‌[1] صُلِّيَ عَلَى الَّذِي فِيهِ الْقَلْبُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man is cut in two pieces, Salah (prayer) is performed on the part in which the heart exists.’”

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص‌ وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَحْتَرِقُ بِالنَّارِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَصُبُّوا عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ صَبّاً وَ أَنْ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ‌[2].

“’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), was asked about a man who was burnt. He (the Imam) instructed them to pour water on him well, then perform Salah (prayer) for the deceased.’”

فِي الرَّجُلِ يَمُوتُ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ فِي الْبَحْرِ فَقَالَ يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُكَفَّنُ وَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ يُثْقَلُ وَ يُرْمَى بِهِ فِي الْبَحْرِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about one who dies in the company of people in the ocean. He (the Imam) said, ‘Ghusl (bath), shroud and Salah (prayer) are done for him and with some weight tied to him is thrown in the ocean.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي قَوْمٍ كَانُوا فِي سَفَرٍ فَهُمْ يَمْشُونَ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ فَإِذَا هُمْ بِرَجُلٍ مَيِّتٍ عُرْيَانٍ قَدْ لَفَظَهُ الْبَحْرُ[1] وَ هُمْ عُرَاةٌ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَّا إِزَارٌ كَيْفَ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ فَضْلُ ثَوْبٍ يُكَفِّنُونَهُ فِيهِ قَالَ يُحْفَرُ لَهُ وَ يُوضَعُ فِي لَحْدِهِ وَ يُوضَعُ اللَّبِنُ عَلَى عَوْرَتِهِ لِتَسْتُ

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘What do you say about a people who walk during a journey on the sea shore; they find a dead man who is naked, thrown out by the ocean and they also are naked except for a loin cloth on them; how do they perform Salah (prayer) for him when he is naked? They do not have extra clothes

الْمَرْجُومُ وَ الْمَرْجُومَةُ يُغَسَّلَانِ وَ يُحَنَّطَانِ وَ يُلْبَسَانِ الْكَفَنَ‌[2] قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ يُرْجَمَانِ وَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِمَا وَ الْمُقْتَصُ‌ مِنْهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ ذَلِكَ يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُحَنَّطُ وَ يُلْبَسُ الْكَفَنَ وَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Ghusl (bath), hunut, and shroud are done for people stoned to death, male or female, prior to executing stoning, then Salah (prayer) is performed. Ghusl (bath), hunut, shrouding and Salah (prayer) for one executed because of retaliation are also done before the execution.”’

سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الْمَصْلُوبِ فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ جَدِّي ع صَلَّى عَلَى عَمِّهِ‌[2] قُلْتُ أَعْلَمُ ذَاكَ وَ لَكِنِّي لَا أَفْهَمُهُ مُبَيَّناً قَالَ أُبَيِّنُهُ لَكَ إِنْ كَانَ وَجْهُ الْمَصْلُوبِ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَقُمْ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَفَاهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَقُمْ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ فَإِنَّ بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ قِبْلَةً وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَنْكِبُه

‘Do you not know that my grandfather performed Salah (prayer) for his uncle?’ I said, ‘I know it but I do not understand it clearly.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I explain it for you. If the face of the person crucified is toward al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah), stand near his right shoulder. If his back is toward al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا تُقِرُّوا الْمَصْلُوبَ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثَةٍ حَتَّى يُنْزَلَ وَ يُدْفَنَ. ______________________________ «بقية الحاشية من الصفحة الماضية» الايسر مع رعاية القبلة فيلزم مراعاة الجانب في الجملة فإذا قام محاذيا لمنكبه الايمن يكون وجهته داخلة فيما بين المشرق و المغرب من جانب القبلة لميل قبلة أهل العراق إلى اليمين عن نقطة الجنوب إذ لو كان المصلوب محاذيا لنقطة الجنوب كان الواقف على منكبه واقفا على خط

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص‌ مُرُوا أَهَالِيَكُمْ بِالْقَوْلِ‌ الْحَسَنِ عِنْدَ مَوْتَاكُمْ فَإِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ س لَمَّا قُبِضَ أَبُوهَا ص أَسْعَدَتْهَا بَنَاتُ هَاشِمٍ فَقَالَتِ اتْرُكْنَ التَّعْدَادَ وَ عَلَيْكُنَّ بِالدُّعَاءِ[1].

6. Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Kufiy has narrated from ibn Jumhur from his father from Muhammad ibn Sinan from al-Mufaddal ibn ‘Umar who has said the following: “He has also said that al-Asamm has narrated to us from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), who has said the following: ‘’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.

إِذَا دَخَلَ الْمُؤْمِنُ قَبْرَهُ كَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ الزَّكَاةُ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَ الْبِرُّ يُطِلُّ عَلَيْهِ‌[6] وَ يَتَنَحَّى الصَّبْرُ نَاحِيَةً وَ إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَكَانِ اللَّذَانِ يَلِيَانِ مُسَاءَلَتَهُ قَالَ الصَّبْرُ لِلصَّلَاةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ دُونَكُمَا صَاحِبَكُمْ فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمْ عَنْهُ فَأَنَا دُونَهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when a believing person is placed in his grave, his prayer appears on his right side, Zakat (his paying charity) on his left side, his good manners above him and his patience stands on one side. When the angels, who interrogate him, enter his grave, his patience will say to his pra

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ يُسْأَلُ الْمَيِّتُ فِي قَبْرِهِ عَنْ خَمْسٍ عَنْ صَلَاتِهِ وَ زَكَاتِهِ وَ حَجِّهِ وَ صِيَامِهِ وَ وَلَايَتِهِ إِيَّانَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَتَقُولُ الْوَلَايَةُ مِنْ جَانِبِ الْقَبْرِ لِلْأَرْبَعِ مَا دَخَلَ فِيكُنَّ مِنْ نَقْصٍ فَعَلَيَّ تَمَامُهُ.

15. It is narrated from him (narrator of the above Hadith) from his father in a marfu‘ manner who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that a deceased is asked in his grave about five issues. He is asked about his prayer, Zakat (paying charity), his Hajj, his fasting and about our, Ahl al

لَمَّا مَاتَتْ رُقَيَّةُ ابْنَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْحَقِي بِسَلَفِنَا الصَّالِحِ- عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْقَبْرِ تَنْحَدِرُ دُمُوعُهَا فِي الْقَبْرِ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَتَلَقَّاهُ بِثَوْبِهِ‌[2] قَائِماً يَدْعُو قَالَ إِنِّي لَأَعْرِفُ ضَعْفَهَا وَ سَأَلْتُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُجِيرَهَا مِنْ ضَمَّةِ الْقَبْرِ.

“When Ruqayyah, daughter of the Messenger of Allah passed away, the Messenger of Allah said, ’You now join the people of good deeds of our predecessors like ’Uthman ibn Madh'un and his friends.’ The Imam said, "Fatimah (AS) stood on the edge of the grave with her tears falling into the grave, and the Messenger of Allah

كَانَ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ التَّمِيمِيُّ الْأَنْصَارِيُ‌[4]- بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِمَكَّةَ وَ إِنَّهُ حَضَرَهُ الْمَوْتُ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ‌ ص وَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يُصَلُّونَ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَأَوْصَى الْبَرَاءُ إِذَا دُفِنَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ[1] فَجَرَتْ بِهِ السُّنَّةُ وَ أَنَّهُ أَوْصَى بِثُلُثِ مَالِهِ فَنَزَلَ بِهِ الْكِتَابُ وَ

“Al-Bara’ ibn Ma‘rur al-Tamimiy al-Ansariy was in al-Madinah and the Messenger of Allah was in Makkah. He died when the Messenger of Allah and Muslims would face Jerusalem during prayer. He said in his will that when he died, the Messenger of Allah should place him facing Qiblah in the grave. This became a Sunnah (trad