Forgiveness

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ دَيْناً عَلَى رَجُلٍ وَ قَدْ مَاتَ فَكَلَّمْنَاهُ أَنْ يُحَلِّلَهُ فَأَبَى قَالَ وَيْحَهُ أَ مَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَهُ بِكُلِّ دِرْهَمٍ عَشَرَةً إِذَا حَلَّلَهُ وَ إِذَا لَمْ يُحَلِّلْهُ فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ دِرْهَمٌ بَدَلَ دِرْهَمٍ‌[2].

I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "Abdur-Rahman ibn Sayabah has a debt owed to him by a man who has died. We spoke to him about forgiving it, but he refused." Imam (as) said: "Woe to him! Does he not know that for every dirham he forgives, he will receive ten in return? But if he does not forgive, then he will only receive

قَالَ ع‌ يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ صُونُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ[4] تُكَفَّرْ عَنْكُمْ ذُنُوبُكُمْ وَ أَيْمَانَكُمُ الَّتِي تَحْلِفُونَ فِيهَا تُطَيَّبْ لَكُمْ تِجَارَتُكُمْ.

Hadith.3730 - Imam (as) said: "O group of traders, protect your wealth through charity, your sins will be forgiven, and the oaths you make will be purified for you-thus your trade will be blessed."

وَ رُوِيَ : "أَنَّ مَنْ ذَكَرَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي اَلْأَسْوَاقِ غَفَرَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ بِعَدَدِ مَا فِيهَا مِنْ فَصِيحٍ وَ أَعْجَمَ".

Hadith.3755 - It is narrated: "Whoever remembers Allah (swt), the Mighty and Exalted, in the marketplaces, Allah (swt) will forgive him in proportion to the number of those in it, both those who speak and those who do not."

مَنْ ذَكَرَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ غَفَرَ لَهُ بِعَدَدِ أَهْلِهَا

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي كُنْتُ اسْتَوْدَعْتُ رَجُلًا مَالًا فَجَحَدَنِيهِ وَ حَلَفَ لِي عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ جَاءَنِي بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِسَنَتَيْنِ‌[2] بِالْمَالِ الَّذِي أَوْدَعْتُهُ إِيَّاهُ فَقَالَ هَذَا مَالُكَ فَخُذْهُ وَ هَذِهِ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ رَبِحْتُهَا فَهِيَ لَكَ مَعَ مَالِكَ وَ اجْعَلْنِي فِي حِلٍّ فَأَخَذْتُ مِنْهُ الْمَالَ وَ أَبَيْتُ أَنْ آخُذَ الرِّبْحَ مِنْهُ وَ وَقَفْتُ الْمَالَ الّ

I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "I had entrusted a man with some wealth, but he denied it and swore an oath against it. After two years, he returned to me with the wealth I had entrusted him and said, This is your wealth, take it. And here are four thousand dirhams I earned as profit, it is also yours. Please forgive me.'

أَحَدَهُمَا ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَتْ لَهُ‌ امْرَأَتُهُ أَسْأَلُكَ بِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا مَا طَلَّقْتَنِي قَالَ يُوجِعُهَا ضَرْباً أَوْ يَعْفُو عَنْهَا[1].

Hadith.4280 - Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I asked one of the Imams (as) about a man whose wife said to him, "I ask you, for the sake of Allah (swt), to divorce me." Imam (as) said: "He should either discipline her with a beating or forgive her."

رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ فِي رَجُلٍ قَالَ لَا وَ أَبِي قَالَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ‌[5].

"No, by my father." Imam (as) said: "He should seek forgiveness from Allah (swt)."

تَسْتَغْفِرُ لِمَنِ اغْتَبْتَهُ كَمَا ذَكَرْتَهُ‌[5].

Hadith.4327 - Hafs ibn Umar narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) was asked: "What is the expiation for backbiting?" Imam (as) said: "You should seek forgiveness for the one you have backbitten, just as you mentioned him."

كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ‌[2] إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع‌ رَجُلٌ حَلَفَ بِالْبَرَاءَةِ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَحَنِثَ مَا تَوْبَتُهُ وَ مَا كَفَّارَتُهُ فَوَقَّعَ ع يُطْعِمُ عَشَرَةَ مَسَاكِينَ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ مُدٌّ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

Hadith.4330 - Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, wrote to Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Ali (as) asking about a man who swore an oath of disassociation from Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, or from the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) and then broke his o

كُلُّ ذَنْبٍ يُكَفِّرُهُ الْقَتْلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الدَّيْنَ لَا كَفَّارَةَ لَهُ إِلَّا الْأَدَاءُ أَوْ يُرْضَى صَاحِبُهُ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي لَهُ الْحَقُ[4].

أَيْنَ أَنْتَ مِنَ الْبَلْهَاءِ وَ اللَّوَاتِي لَا يَعْرِفْنَ شَيْئاً قُلْتُ إِنَّمَا يَقُولُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ كَافِرٍ وَ مُؤْمِنٍ فَقَالَ فَأَيْنَ الَّذِينَ‌ خَلَطُوا عَمَلًا صالِحاً وَ آخَرَ سَيِّئاً وَ أَيْنَ الْ مُرْجَوْنَ لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ‌ أَيْ عَفْوِ اللَّهِ.

"Where are you regarding the simple and innocent women, those who know nothing?" I said: "But people say that humanity is divided into two types: believer and disbeliever." Imam (as) replied: "Then where are those about whom Allah (swt) said: 'They mixed a righteous deed with another that was evil.' (Surah At-Tawbah, 9

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَجَرَ بِامْرَأَةٍ ثُمَّ أَرَادَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَقَالَ إِذَا تَابَتْ حَلَّتْ لَهُ قُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ تُعْرَفُ تَوْبَتُهَا قَالَ يَدْعُوهَا إِلَى مَا كَانَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْحَرَامِ فَإِنِ امْتَنَعَتْ فَاسْتَغْفَرَتْ رَبَّهَا عَرَفَ تَوْبَتَهَا[5].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who committed fornication with a woman and then later wanted to marry her. Imam (as) said: "If she repents, she becomes lawful for him." I asked: "And how can her repentance be known?" Imam (as) replied: "He should invite her to engage in the same unlawful act they previously committed. If

يُشْبِعُ بَطْنَهَا وَ يَكْسُو جُثَّتَهَا وَ إِنْ جَهِلَتْ غَفَرَ لَهَا.

Hadith.4526 - Ishaq ibn Ammar asked Abu Abdillah (as) about the right of a woman over her husband. Imam (as) said: "He should satisfy her hunger, clothe her body, and if she acts ignorantly, he should forgive her."

كَانَتْ لِأَبِي ع امْرَأَةٌ وَ كَانَتْ تُؤْذِيهِ فَكَانَ يَغْفِرُ لَهَا[2]

إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص خَرَجَ فِي بَعْضِ حَوَائِجِهِ وَ عَهِدَ إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ عَهْداً أَلَّا تَخْرُجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ قَالَ وَ إِنَّ أَبَاهَا مَرِضَ فَبَعَثَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ زَوْجِي خَرَجَ وَ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ أَنْ لَا أَخْرُجَ مِنْ بَيْتِي حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ وَ إِنَّ أَبِي مَرِيضٌ فَتَأْمُرُنِي أَنْ أَعُودَهُ فَقَالَ لَا اجْلِس

A man from the Ansar, during the time of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), went out for some errands and instructed his wife not to leave her house until he returned. Her father became ill, so the woman sent a message to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be u

سَمِعْتُهُ وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى جَارِيَةً ثُمَّ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْتَبْرِئَ رَحِمَهَا قَالَ بِئْسَ مَا صَنَعَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَ لَا يَعُودُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ بَاعَهَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَمْ يَسْتَبْرِئْ رَحِمَهَا ثُمَّ بَاعَهَا الثَّانِي مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَمْ يَسْتَبْرِئْ رَحِمَهَا- فَاسْتَبَانَ حَمْلُهَا عِنْدَ الثَّالِثِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ ا

I heard him being asked about a man who purchased a bondwoman and had relations with her before observing an istibra' (waiting period) to ensure she was not pregnant. Imam (as) said: "What he did was wrong. He should seek forgiveness from Allah (swt) and not repeat it." Then it was said: "What if he sold her to another

قُلْتُ لَهُ لِلْمُتَمَتِّعِ ثَوَابٌ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ خِلَافاً عَلَى مَنْ أَنْكَرَهَا لَمْ يُكَلِّمْهَا كَلِمَةً إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ بِهَا حَسَنَةً وَ لَمْ يَمُدَّ يَدَهُ إِلَيْهَا إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ حَسَنَةً فَإِذَا دَنَا مِنْهَا غَفَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ بِذَلِكَ ذَنْباً فَإِذَا اغْتَسَلَ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا مَرَّ مِنَ الْمَاءِ عَلَى

Hadith.4600 - Salih ibn Uqbah reported from his father, who reported from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): I asked him, "Is there a reward for Mut'ah?" He (as) replied: "If he seeks by it the pleasure of Allah (swt) Almighty and to oppose those who deny it, then Allah (swt) writes a good deed for him for

إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ قَالَ لَحِقَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ إِنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لِلْمُتَمَتِّعِينَ مِنْ أُمَّتِكَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَدْخَلَ جَارِيَةً يَتَمَتَّعُ بِهَا ثُمَّ أُنْسِيَ‌[1] حَتَّى وَاقَعَهَا هَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ حَدُّ الزَّانِي قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ يَتَمَتَّعُ بِهَا بَعْدَ النِّكَاحِ‌[2] وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ مِمَّا أَتَى.

I asked him about a man who took a bondwoman for temporary marriage but forgot and had intercourse with her. Does he deserve the punishment of a fornicator? Imam (as) replied: "No, but he should perform the temporary marriage contract with her again and seek forgiveness from Allah (swt) for what he has done."

سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَنْكِحُ جَارِيَةَ امْرَأَتِهِ ثُمَّ يَسْأَلُهَا أَنْ تَجْعَلَهُ فِي حِلٍّ فَتَأْبَى فَيَقُولُ إِذاً لَأُطَلِّقَنَّكِ وَ يَجْتَنِبُ فِرَاشَهَا فَتَجْعَلُهُ فِي حِلٍّ قَالَ هَذَا غَاصِبٌ فَأَيْنَ هُوَ عَنِ اللُّطْفِ‌[1].

Hadith.4651 - Salih ibn Uqbah narrated from Sulayman ibn Salih from Abu Abdullah (as) who was asked about a man who engages in intercourse with his wife's bondwoman and then asks his wife to pardon him, but she refuses. He then says: "If you do not pardon me, I will divorce you," and he avoids her bed until she pardons

قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ‌ قُلْ فِي طَلَبِ الْوَلَدِ رَبِّ لا تَذَرْنِي فَرْداً وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْوارِثِينَ‌ وَ اجْعَلْ‌ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ وَلِيًّا يَرِثُنِي‌ فِي حَيَاتِي وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لِي بَعْدَ مَوْتِي وَ اجْعَلْهُ لِي خَلْقاً سَوِيّاً[1] وَ لَا تَجْعَلْ لِلشَّيْطَانِ فِيهِ نَصِيباً اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَ أَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ سَبْعِينَ م

Hadith.4660 - Ali ibn Al-Husayn (peace be upon them) said to one of his companions: "When seeking a child, say: 'My Lord (azj), do not leave me alone [without offspring], and You (swt) are the best of inheritors' and add; 'Grant me from Yourself (swt) a successor who will inherit from me during my life and seek forgive

مِيرَاثُ اللَّهِ مِنْ عَبْدِهِ الْمُؤْمِنِ الْوَلَدُ الصَّالِحُ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ

اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَلْقَى سِقْطَهُ مُحْبَنْطِئاً[1] عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى إِذَا رَآهُ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ حَتَّى يُدْخِلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ إِنَّ وَلَدَ أَحَدِكُمْ إِذَا مَاتَ أُجِرَ فِيهِ وَ إِنْ بَقِيَ بَعْدَهُ اسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ

"كَانَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَوْسُ بْنُ اَلصَّامِتِ وَ كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ اِمْرَأَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا خَوْلَةُ بِنْتُ اَلْمُنْذِرِ فَقَالَ لَهَا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّي ثُمَّ نَدِمَ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ وَ قَالَ لَهَا أَيَّتُهَا اَلْمَرْأَةُ مَا أَظُنُّكِ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ حَرُمْتِ عَلَيَّ فَجَاءَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ

"During the time of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), there was a man named Aws ibn Al-Samit who was married to a woman named Khawlah bint Tha'labah. One day, he said to her: 'You are to me as the back of my mother.' He immediately regretted his words and said to her: 'O woman, I think yo

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُظَاهِرُ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ قَالَ فَيُكَفِّرُ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ وَاقَعَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ قَالَ فَقَدْ أَتَى حَدّاً مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ فَلْيَسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ وَ لْيَكُفَّ حَتَّى يُكَفِّرَ[3].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who performs ẓihar (a form of divorce by comparison) against his wife. Imam (as) said: "He must offer expiation." I asked: "What if he engages in intercourse with her before offering expiation?" Imam (as) replied: "Then he has violated one of Allah's (swt) limits. He must seek Alla

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ ظَاهَرَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَقَالَ يُكَفِّرُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قُلْتُ إِنْ وَاقَعَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ قَالَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَ يُمْسِكُ حَتَّى يُكَفِّرَ[2].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who declared ẓihar (a form of divorce by comparison) against his wife three times. Imam (as) said: "He must offer expiation three times." I asked: "What if he engages in intercourse with her before offering the expiation?" Imam (as) replied: "He must seek Allah's (swt) forgiveness

سَمِعْتُ أَبِي مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ دَخَلَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْبَصْرِيُّ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ وَ جَلَسَ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- الَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبائِرَ الْإِثْمِ‌[1] ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا أَسْكَتَكَ قَالَ أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَعْرِفَ الْكَبَائِرَ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ يَا عَمْرُو أَكْبَرُ الْكَبَائِرِ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّه

I heard my father Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) say: 'Amr ibn 'Ubayd al-Basri entered upon Abu Abdullah (as). When he greeted him and sat down, he recited the verse: "Those who avoid the major sins" (Surah Al-Shura 42:37), then he stopped. Imam (as) said to him: "What has made you stop?" He replied: "I wish to kno

نَعَمْ ذَاكَ إِلَيْهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَ عَلَيْهَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا[3].

Hadith.4966 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "Indeed, Allah (swt) does not forgive associating partners with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills." (Surah An-Nisa 4:48) Imam (as) was asked whether major sins are included

مَنِ اجْتَنَبَ الْكَبَائِرَ كَفَّرَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ جَمِيعَ ذُنُوبِهِ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبائِرَ ما تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ وَ نُدْخِلْكُمْ مُدْخَلًا كَرِيماً تَمَّ الْجُزْءُ الثَّالِثُ مِنْ كِتَابِ- مَنْ لَا يَحْضُرُهُ الْفَقِيهُ لِلشَّيْخِ السَّعِيدِ الْفَقِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ الْقُمِّيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَ أَرْضَاهُ وَ يَتْل

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الْأَكْلِ عَلَى الْجَنَابَةِ[3] وَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ يُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ وَ نَهَى عَنْ تَقْلِيمِ‌ الْأَظْفَارِ بِالْأَسْنَانِ وَ عَنِ السِّوَاكِ فِي الْحَمَّامِ وَ التَّنَخُّعِ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ وَ نَهَى عَنْ أَكْلِ سُؤْرِ الْفَأْرَةِ وَ قَالَ لَا تَجْعَلُوا الْمَسَاجِدَ طُرُقاً حَتَّى تُصَلُّوا فِيهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ‌[1] وَ نَهَى أَنْ يَبُولَ أَحَدٌ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ مُثْمِرَةٍ[2] أَوْ عَلَى قَارِعَ

"The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) forbade eating while in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah)" and said: "It leads to poverty." He (sw) also forbade trimming the nails with teeth, using the miswak (tooth-stick) in the bathhouse, and spitting in the mosques. He (sw) forbade eating (

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ إِذَا زَنَى الزَّانِي خَرَجَ مِنْهُ رُوحُ الْإِيمَانِ فَإِنِ اسْتَغْفَرَ عَادَ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي حِينَ يَزْنِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَشْرَبُ الشَّارِبُ حِينَ يَشْرَبُ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ حِينَ يَسْرِقُ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ كَانَ أَبِي ع يَقُولُ إِذَا زَنَى الزَّانِي فَارَقَهُ رُوحُ الْإِيمَانِ قُلْتُ

Hadith.4987 - Al-Ala reported from Muhammad ibn Muslim who said that Abu Jafar (as) said: "When a fornicator commits fornication, the spirit of faith departs from him. If he seeks forgiveness, it returns to him." Imam (as) also said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "A fornicato

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ فَجَرَ بِجَارِيَةِ أَخِيهِ فَمَا تَوْبَتُهُ قَالَ يَأْتِيهِ وَ يُخْبِرُهُ وَ يَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَهُ فِي حِلٍّ وَ لَا يَعُودُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجْعَلْهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي حِلٍّ قَالَ يَلْقَى اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ زَانِياً خَائِناً قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالنَّارُ مَصِيرُهُ قَالَ شَفَاعَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ شَفَاعَتُنَا تُحِيطُ بِذُنُوبِكُمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ الشِّيعَةِ فَلَا تَعُود

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a Muslim man who committed adultery with the bondwoman of his brother. What is his repentance? Imam (as) replied: "He should go to him, inform him of what he has done, and ask him to pardon him, and he must not repeat the act." I asked: "What if his brother does not pardon him?" Imam (as

وَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَأَقَرَّ بِالسَّرِقَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَ تَقْرَأُ شَيْئاً مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ نَعَمْ سُورَةَ الْبَقَرَةِ فَقَالَ قَدْ وَهَبْتُ يَدَكَ لِسُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فَقَالَ الْأَشْعَثُ أَ تُعَطِّلُ حَدّاً مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ وَ مَا يُدْرِيكَ مَا هَذَا إِذَا قَامَتِ الْبَيِّنَةُ فَلَيْسَ لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَعْفُوَ وَ إ

Hadith.5106 - A man came to Commander of the Faithful (as) and confessed to theft. Commander of the Faithful (as) asked him: "Do you recite anything from the Book of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic?" The man replied: "Yes, Surah Al-Baqarah." Imam (as) said: "I have pardoned your hand for the sake of Surah Al-Baqar

سُئِلَ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِ يَقْتُلُ الْمُؤْمِنَ مُتَعَمِّداً لَهُ تَوْبَةٌ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ قَتَلَهُ لِإِيمَانِهِ فَلَا تَوْبَةَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَتَلَهُ لِغَضَبٍ أَوْ لِسَبَبِ شَيْ‌ءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّ تَوْبَتَهُ أَنْ يُقَادَ مِنْهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِمَ بِهِ أَحَدٌ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ فَأَقَرَّ عِنْدَهُمْ بِقَتْلِ صَاحِبِهِمْ فَإِنْ عَفَوْا عَنْهُ فَلَمْ يَقْتُلُوهُ أَعْطَاه

Hadith.5164 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan and Ibn Bukayr from Abu Abdullah (as), who was asked about a believer who intentionally kills another believer - does he have repentance? Imam (as) said: "If he killed him because of his faith, then there is no repentance for him. But if he killed him o

سَأَلْتُهُ عَمَّنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِناً مُتَعَمِّداً هَلْ لَهُ تَوْبَةٌ فَقَالَ لَا حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَ‌

I asked Imam (as) about a person who intentionally kills a believer - does he have repentance? Imam (as) said: "No, not until he pays the blood money (diyyah) to the victim's family, frees a slave, fasts for two consecutive months, seeks forgiveness from Allah (swt) the Almighty and Majestic, repents to Him (swt), and

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْقَسَامَةِ أَيْنَ كَانَ بَدْؤُهَا فَقَالَ كَانَ مِنْ قِبَلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ فَتْحِ خَيْبَرَ تَخَلَّفَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَرَجَعُوا فِي طَلَبِهِ فَوَجَدُوهُ مُتَشَحِّطاً فِي دَمِهِ قَتِيلًا فَجَاءَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَتَلَتِ الْيَهُودُ صَاحِبَنَا فَقَالَ لِيُقْسِمْ مِنْكُمْ خَمْسُونَ

Hadith.5179 - Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah from Abu Basir: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about Qasamah (the collective oath) - where did it originate? Imam (as) said: "It began with the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family). After the conquest of Khaybar, a man from the Ansar

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ مَجْنُوناً قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ أَرَادَهُ فَدَفَعَهُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ فَقَتَلَهُ فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ قَوَدٍ وَ لَا دِيَةٍ وَ يُعْطَى وَرَثَتُهُ دِيَتَهُ مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ فَإِنْ كَانَ قَتَلَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمَجْنُونُ أَرَادَهُ فَلَا قَوَدَ لِمَنْ لَا يُقَادُ مِنْهُ‌[3] وَ أَرَى أَنَّ عَلَى قَاتِلِهِ الدِّيَةَ فِي مَالِهِ يَدْفَعُهَا إِلَ

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who killed a mentally ill person. Imam (as) said: "If the mentally ill person had intended to harm him and the man defended himself and killed him, then there is neither retribution (qisas) nor blood money (diyyah) upon him. However, his heirs should be

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مُسْلِماً عَمْداً فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْمَقْتُولِ أَوْلِيَاءُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَّا أَوْلِيَاءُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ مِنْ قَرَابَتِهِ فَقَالَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَعْرِضَ عَلَى قَرَابَتِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الْإِسْلَامَ فَمَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ فَهُوَ وَلِيُّهُ يُدْفَعُ الْقَاتِلُ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنْ شَاءَ قَتَلَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ ا

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who intentionally killed a Muslim man, but the murdered man had no heirs among the Muslims, only relatives from the People of the Book (Ahl Al-Dhimmah) from his family. Imam (as) said: "It is upon the Imam to offer Islam to his non-Muslim relatives. Whoever among them accepts Islam

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفّٰارَةٌ لَهُ ۝ قَالَ "يُكَفَّرُ عَنْهُ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا عَفَا عَنِ اَلْعَمْدِ.

I asked Imam (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "But if one remits it as charity, it is an expiation for him.". (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:45) Imam (as) said: "A portion of his sins will be expiated according to the extent of the forgiveness granted in the case of intentional killing."

قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مُتَعَمِّداً أَوْ خَطَأً وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ مَالٌ فَأَرَادَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ أَنْ يَهَبُوا دَمَهُ لِلْقَاتِلِ فَقَالَ إِنْ وَهَبُوا دَمَهُ ضَمِنُوا الدَّيْنَ‌[2] قُلْتُ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَرَادُوا قَتْلَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ قُتِلَ عَمْداً قُتِلَ قَاتِلُهُ وَ أَدَّى عَنْهُ الْإِمَامُ الدَّيْنَ مِنْ سَهْمِ الْغَارِمِينَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ قُتِلَ عَمْداً وَ صَالَحَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ قَا

I asked Imam (as): "May I be your ransom! A man was killed, whether intentionally or accidentally, and he had debts and wealth. His heirs wanted to pardon the killer. What is the ruling?" Imam (as) said: "If they pardon his blood, they are responsible for paying his debts." I asked: "What if they wish to execute the ki

نَعَمْ قِيلَ‌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ قَالَ يُدْفَعُ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ فَإِنْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا عَفَوْا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا اسْتَرَقُّوا وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مَالٌ عَيْنٌ لَهُ دُفِعَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ هُوَ وَ مَالُهُ‌[1].

Hadith.5251 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Riʾab from Ḍurays Al-Kunasi who reported from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) regarding a Christian man who killed a Muslim. When he was captured, he accepted Islam. Imam (as) was asked: "Should he be killed for the Muslim he murdered?" Imam (as) rep

قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ وَلِيَّانِ فَعَفَا أَحَدُهُمَا وَ أَرَادَ الْآخَرُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ قَالَ يَقْتُلُ وَ يَرُدُّ عَلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ الْمُقَادِ نِصْفَ الدِّيَةِ[2].

Hadith.5305 - In the narration of Jameel ibn Darraj, it is reported that Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding a man who was killed and had two heirs. One of them forgave the killer, while the other wanted to proceed with the execution. Imam (as) ruled: "He may execute the killer but must return half of the bl

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ أَبٌ وَ أُمٌّ وَ ابْنٌ فَقَالَ الِابْنُ أَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَقْتُلَ قَاتِلَ أَبِي وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ[3] أَنَا أَعْفُو وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ[4] أَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ آخُذَ الدِّيَةَ قَالَ‌ فَلْيُعْطِ الِابْنُ أُمَّ الْمَقْتُولِ السُّدُسَ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ وَ يُعْطِي وَرَثَةَ الْقَاتِلِ السُّدُسَ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ حَقَّ الْأَبِ الَّذِي عَفَا وَ يَقْتُلُهُ.

Hadith.5306 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Walad Al-Hannat that he asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who was killed and had a father, a mother, and a son. The son said: "I want to kill the murderer of my father," the mother said: "I forgive," and the father said: "I want to take the blood money (diyyah)." Im

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ أَوْلَادٌ صِغَارٌ وَ كِبَارٌ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ عَفَا أَوْلَادُهُ الْكِبَارُ فَقَالَ لَا يُقْتَلُ وَ يَجُوزُ عَفْوُ الْكِبَارِ فِي حِصَصِهِمْ فَإِذَا كَبِرَ الصِّغَارُ كَانَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَطْلُبُوا حَقَّهُمْ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ[1]. وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ إِذَا عَفَا وَاحِدٌ مِنَ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ عَنِ الدَّمِ ارْتَفَعَ الْقَوَدُ[2].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who was killed and had both young and adult children. I asked: "What if his adult children forgave (the murderer)?" Imam (as) replied: "The murderer will not be killed, and the forgiveness of the adults is valid concerning their shares. When the younger children reach adulthood, th

رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ الْجَبَلِيُ‌[3] عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ‌

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who is killed while he has debt and possesses no wealth. Do his heirs have the right to pardon his killer while he has debt? Imam (as) said: "The creditors are the ones who have a claim against the killer. If his heirs pardon his killer, they become responsible for paying the debt

ع يَا بُنَيَّ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ أُوصِيَ إِلَيْكَ وَ أَنْ أَدْفَعَ إِلَيْكَ كُتُبِي وَ سِلَاحِي كَمَا أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ دَفَعَ إِلَيَّ كُتُبَهُ وَ سِلَاحَهُ وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ آمُرَكَ إِذَا حَضَرَكَ الْمَوْتُ أَنْ تَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى أَخِيكَ الْحُسَيْنِ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى ابْنِهِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَقَالَ وَ أَمَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ تَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى ابْنِكَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَ

"I witnessed the will of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) when he appointed his son Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as) as his successor and made Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as), Muhammad (Hanafiya), all of his children, the prominent members of his household, and his followers (Shi'a) witnesses to his will. Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as)

وَ رَوَى يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي كَهْمَسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ سِتَّةٌ تَلْحَقُ الْمُؤْمِنَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ وَلَدٌ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ وَ مُصْحَفٌ يُخَلِّفُهُ‌[3] وَ غَرْسٌ يَغْرِسُهُ وَ بِئْرٌ يَحْفِرُهَا وَ صَدَقَةٌ يُجْرِيهَا وَ سُنَّةٌ يُؤْخَذُ بِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ.

Hadith.5583 - Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Six things continue to benefit a believer after his death: a child who seeks forgiveness for him, a Quran that he leaves behind, a tree that he plants, a well that he digs, a charity that he establishes, and a good practice (sunnah) that is followe

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ فِي دَارِ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ أَخٌ آخَرُ فِي دَارِ الْبَدْوِ وَ لَمْ يُهَاجِرْ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ عَفَا الْمُهَاجِرِيُّ وَ أَرَادَ الْبَدَوِيُّ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لِلْبَدَوِيِّ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُهَاجِراً حَتَّى يُهَاجِرَ وَ إِنْ عَفَا الْمُهَاجِرُ فَإِنَّ عَفْوَهُ جَائِزٌ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَلِلْبَدَوِيِّ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ شَيْ‌ءٌ قَالَ وَ أَمَّا الْمِيرَاثُ

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) and he had one brother residing in the land of migration (Dar Al-Hijrah) and another brother in the land of the Bedouins (Dar Al-Badw), who had not migrated. I asked: "If the migrant (Muhajir) brother pardons the killer, but the Bedouin brother wants to execute reta

عَفْوُ الْمَلِكِ أَبْقَى لِلْمُلْكِ‌[4].

Hadith.5830 - The Prophet (sw) said; "The forgiveness of a king preserves the kingdom longer."

أَعْبَدُ النَّاسِ مَنْ أَقَامَ الْفَرَائِضَ‌[8] وَ أَسْخَى النَّاسِ مَنْ أَدَّى‌ زَكَاةَ مَالِهِ وَ أَزْهَدُ النَّاسِ مَنِ اجْتَنَبَ الْحَرَامَ وَ أَتْقَى النَّاسِ مَنْ قَالَ الْحَقَّ فِيمَا لَهُ وَ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَعْدَلُ النَّاسِ مَنْ رَضِيَ لِلنَّاسِ مَا يَرْضَى لِنَفْسِهِ وَ كَرِهَ لَهُمْ مَا يَكْرَهُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَ أَكْيَسُ النَّاسِ مَنْ كَانَ أَشَدَّ ذِكْراً لِلْمَوْتِ وَ أَغْبَطُ النَّاسِ مَنْ كَانَ تَحْتَ التُّرَ

Hadith.5840 - Yunus ibn Zabyan narrated from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), that he said: "Being well-known for worship is a source of suspicion. My father Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), narrated to me from his father Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as), from his grandfather Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (