Imamate & Wilayah

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَمْنَعُ دِرْهَماً مِنْ حَقٍّ إِلَّا أَنْفَقَ اثْنَيْنِ فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهِ وَ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ مَنَعَ حَقّاً فِي مَالِهِ إِلَّا طَوَّقَهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ حَيَّةً مِنْ نَارٍ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ عَارِفٌ أَدَّى زَكَاتَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِ أَهْلِهَا زَمَاناً هَلْ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَهَا ثَانِياً إِلَى أَهْلِهَا إِذَا عَلِمَهُمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Whoever withholds one dirham of right, he ends up spending two dirhams for the cause of falsehood. If one denies payment of one dirham of right on his wealth, Allah makes a snake of fire to curl around him on the Day of Judgment.’ He (the narrator) has said that he asked about

إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ وَ الزَّكَاةَ لَا يُحَابَى بِهَا قَرِيبٌ وَ لَمْ يُمْنَعْهَا بَعِيدٌ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Zakat cannot be given as a gift to relatives or be denied to non-relatives.’”

قَالَ لِي شِهَابُ بْنُ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ أَقْرِئْ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِّي السَّلَامَ وَ أَعْلِمْهُ أَنَّهُ يُصِيبُنِي فَزَعٌ فِي مَنَامِي قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ شِهَاباً يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ إِنَّهُ يُصِيبُنِي فَزَعٌ فِي مَنَامِي قَالَ قُلْ لَهُ فَلْيُزَكِّ مَالَهُ قَالَ فَأَبْلَغْتُ شِهَاباً ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِي فَتُبْلِغُهُ عَنِّي فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ قُلْ لَهُ إِنَّ الصِّبْيَانَ فَضْلًا عَن

“Shihab ibn “Abd Rabbihi once asked me to convey his Salam (greeting of peace) to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and that he becomes terrified in his sleep. I then said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that Shihab has offered Salam (greeting of peace) and has said that he becomes terrified in his sleep. He (the Imam) said, ‘Tell him

كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ كُلَّ عَمَلٍ عَمِلَهُ النَّاصِبُ فِي حَالِ ضَلَالِهِ أَوْ حَالِ نَصْبِهِ ثُمَّ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَرَّفَهُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَإِنَّهُ يُؤْجَرُ عَلَيْهِ وَ يُكْتَبُ لَهُ إِلَّا الزَّكَاةَ فَإِنَّهُ يُعِيدُهَا لِأَنَّهُ وَضَعَهَا فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِهَا وَ إِنَّمَا مَوْضِعُهَا أَهْلُ الْوَلَايَةِ وَ أَمَّا الصَّلَاةُ وَ الصَّوْمُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاؤُهُمَا.

’Every deed that a Nasib (one hostile to ’A’immah) does in his condition as such, then Allah grants him the favor of making him to acknowledge this issue (the Divine Authority of ’A’immah), He gives him the reward for all of his deeds except Zakat which he must pay again. It is because of his giving it to improper bene

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الزَّكَاةِ هَلْ تُوضَعُ فِيمَنْ لَا يَعْرِفُ قَالَ لَا وَ لَا زَكَاةُ الْفِطْرَةِ.

“I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), if Zakat can be given to those who do not acknowledge this issue (the Divine Authority of ’A’immah). He (the Imam) said, ‘No, not even al-Fitrah Zakat can be given to them.’”

سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ لَهُ قَرَابَةٌ وَ مَوَالِي وَ أَتْبَاعٌ يُحِبُّونَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص وَ لَيْسَ يَعْرِفُونَ صَاحِبَ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ أَ يُعْطَوْنَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ قَالَ لَا.

“I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about a man who has relatives, friends and followers who love ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), but they do not acknowledge the owner of this issue (one who possesses Divine Authority) if he can give Zakat to them. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot give Zakat to them.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ الزَّكَاةُ وَ لَهُ قَرَابَةٌ مُحْتَاجُونَ غَيْرُ عَارِفِينَ أَ يُعْطِيهِمْ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَقَالَ لَا وَ لَا كَرَامَةَ لَا يَجْعَلُ الزَّكَاةَ وِقَايَةً لِمَالِهِ يُعْطِيهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ الزَّكَاةِ إِنْ أَرَادَ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who owes Zakat and has needy relatives who do not know (one who possesses Divine Authority). ‘Can he give Zakat to them?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot give them and it is not an honor. He must not make Zakat to guard his assets. He can give them from his other asse

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَضَعُ زَكَاتَهُ كُلَّهَا فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ هُمْ يَتَوَلَّوْنَكَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ.

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who pays all of his Zakat to his relatives who have accepted you as their Waliy (one who possesses Divine Authority). He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so.’”

سَأَلَ الْمَدَائِنِيُّ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ إِنَّ لَنَا زَكَاةً نُخْرِجُهَا مِنْ أَمْوَالِنَا فَفِي مَنْ نَضَعُهَا فَقَالَ فِي أَهْلِ وَلَايَتِكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي فِي بِلَادٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِكَ فَقَالَ ابْعَثْ بِهَا إِلَى بَلَدِهِمْ تُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ لَا تَدْفَعْهَا إِلَى قَوْمٍ إِنْ دَعَوْتَهُمْ غَداً إِلَى أَمْرِكَ لَمْ يُجِيبُوكَ وَ كَانَ وَ اللَّهِ الذَّبْحُ.[1]

“Once al-Mada’iniy asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), and said, ‘There is Zakat on our assets. To whom should we pay it? He (the Imam) said, ‘Pay it to the people of your Wilayah, people who believe in (the Divine Authority of ’A’immah).’ He said, ‘There is no one of your followers.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Send it to where they ar

قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا يُعْطَى الْمُصَدِّقُ قَالَ مَا يَرَى الْإِمَامُ وَ لَا يُقَدَّرُ لَهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about how much is paid to Zakat collector. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is whatever the Imam deems proper. There is nothing definite about it.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا حَدُّ الْجِزْيَةِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَ هَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْ‌ءٌ مُوَظَّفٌ لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَجُوزُوا إِلَى غَيْرِهِ فَقَالَ ذَاكَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ مِنْهُمْ مَا شَاءَ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَالِهِ بِمَا يُطِيقُ إِنَّمَا هُمْ قَوْمٌ فَدَوْا أَنْفُسَهُمْ مِنْ أَنْ يُسْتَعْبَدُوا[1] أَوْ يُقْتَلُوا فَالْجِزْيَةُ تُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى قَدْرِ

“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about al-Jizyah (taxes paid by a non-Muslim taxpayer) of the people of the book. Is there anything definite, which does not change? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is up to the Imam. He may receive from every one of them what he decides which they can afford in proportion to their assets. T

أَعْطُوا الزَّكَاةَ مَنْ أَرَادَهَا مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَإِنَّهَا تَحِلُّ لَهُمْ وَ إِنَّمَا تَحْرُمُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ الْإِمَامِ الَّذِي مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ الْأَئِمَّةِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ.

‘You can pay Zakat to whoever wants it from Banu Hashim because it is lawful for them. It is unlawful only for the Prophet (sw) and for the Imam after him, and for the Imams, may the blessings of Allah be upon them all.’

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مُوَسَّعٌ عَلَى شِيعَتِنَا أَنْ يُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فَإِذَا قَامَ قَائِمُنَا حَرَّمَ عَلَى كُلِّ ذِي كَنْزٍ كَنْزَهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ بِهِ فَيَسْتَعِينَ بِهِ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ الَّذِينَ يَكْنِزُونَ الذَّهَبَ وَ الْفِضَّةَ وَ لا يُنْفِقُونَها فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذابٍ أَلِيمٍ‌[3].

Tt is permissible for our followers to spend as Benevolent Assistance from whatever they possess. When the one with Divine Authority will rise, it will then become unlawful for all possessors of treasure not to bring it to him so he can use it to overcome his enemies. This is stated in the words of Allah, the Most Maje

بُنِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ الصَّوْمِ وَ الْوَلَايَةِ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Islam is founded on five isssues. It is founded on Salat (prayer), zakat, al-Hajj, Fasting and al-Wilayat (belief in Divine Authority of ’A’immah). The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Fasting is a shield against the fire of hell.”

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ بِالْحِيرَةِ[1] فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَا تَقُولُ فِي الصِّيَامِ الْيَوْمَ فَقُلْتُ ذَاكَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ إِنْ صُمْتَ صُمْنَا وَ إِنْ أَفْطَرْتَ أَفْطَرْنَا فَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ عَلَيَّ بِالْمَائِدَةِ فَأَكَلْتُ مَعَهُ وَ أَنَا أَعْلَمُ وَ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ يَوْمٌ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَكَانَ إِفْطَارِي يَوْماً وَ قَضَاؤُهُ أَيْسَرَ عَلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ يُضْرَبَ عُنُقِي وَ لَا

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Once I went to abu al- ‘Abbas in al-Hirah and he asked, “O abu ‘Abd Allah, what do you say about today’s fast?” I replied, “It is up to the Imam to decide; if you fast we also fast, if you do not fast, we also will not fast.” He then said, “O slave, prepare the table.” I ate with him

سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ شَهِدَ عَلَيْهِ شُهُودٌ أَنَّهُ أَفْطَرَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ قَالَ يُسْأَلُ هَلْ عَلَيْكَ فِي إِفْطَارِكَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِثْمٌ فَإِنْ قَالَ لَا فَإِنَّ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ وَ إِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَإِنَّ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَنْهَكَهُ ضَرْباً.

"He is to be asked: 'Do you believe that there is any sin upon you for breaking your fast during the month of Ramadan?' If he says 'No,' then it is upon the Imam to kill him. If he says 'Yes,' then it is upon the Imam to punish him severely with beating."

سَأَلْتُهُ‌[2] عَنْ رَجُلٍ وُجِدَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَدْ أَفْطَرَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ قَدْ رُفِعَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَ يُقْتَلُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ[3].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who destroys his fast in the month of Ramadan three times and is brought before the Imam three times. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is executed on the third time.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي جَعَلْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ أَصُومَ حَتَّى يَقُومَ الْقَائِمُ ع فَقَالَ صُمْ وَ لَا تَصُمْ فِي السَّفَرِ وَ لَا الْعِيدَيْنِ وَ لَا أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ وَ لَا الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ‌[2].

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Karram who has said the following: “Once, I said to abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), that I have placed upon myself to fast until the rise of al-Qa”im, (the one who rises with Divine Authority). He (the Imam) said, ’Fast but do not fast on a journey, or th

إِذَا شَهِدَ عِنْدَ الْإِمَامِ شَاهِدَانِ أَنَّهُمَا رَأَيَا الْهِلَالَ مُنْذُ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْماً أَمَرَ الْإِمَامُ بِالْإِفْطَارِ وَ صَلَّى فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ إِذَا كَانَا شَهِدَا قَبْلَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ فَإِنْ شَهِدَا بَعْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ أَمَرَ الْإِمَامُ بِإِفْطَارِ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ أَخَّرَ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَى الْغَدِ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘If two witnesses testify before the Imam to their seeing the new moon after thirty days, the Imam issues a commandment to discontinue fasting. He (the Imam) performs Salat (prayer) on that day if they have seen it before Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime), but if the

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرَةِ أُعْطِيهَا غَيْرَ أَهْلِ وَلَايَتِي مِنْ فُقَرَاءِ جِيرَانِي قَالَ نَعَمْ الْجِيرَانُ أَحَقُّ بِهَا لِمَكَانِ الشُّهْرَةِ.

“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about al-Fitrah; if I can pay it to poor neighboring people who are not of the people of my Wilayah (people who believe in the Divine Authority of ’A’immah). He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, neighbors are more deserving because of the popularity (of fatwa about the privileges of neighbors).”’

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي الِاعْتِكَافِ بِبَغْدَادَ فِي بَعْضِ مَسَاجِدِهَا فَقَالَ لَا اعْتِكَافَ إِلَّا فِي مَسْجِدِ جَمَاعَةٍ قَدْ صَلَّى فِيهِ إِمَامٌ عَدْلٌ بِصَلَاةِ جَمَاعَةٍ وَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعْتَكَفَ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ وَ الْبَصْرَةِ وَ مَسْجِدِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَ مَسْجِدِ مَكَّةَ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about performing Ttikaf in a certain Masjid of Baghdad. He (the Imam) said, ’Without a Masjid in which Salat (prayer) in congregation is held behind a just Imam, Ttikaf is not valid. It is not harmful to do Ttikaf in Masjid of al-Kufah, in al- Basrah, in al-Madinah or Makkah.’”

جَبْرَئِيلُ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ ع تَرَوَّهْ‌[1] مِنَ الْمَاءِ فَسُمِّيَتِ التَّرْوِيَةَ ثُمَّ أَتَى مِنًى فَأَبَاتَهُ بِهَا ثُمَّ غَدَا بِهِ إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ فَضَرَبَ خِبَاهُ بِنَمِرَةَ دُونَ عَرَفَةَ[2] فَبَنَى مَسْجِداً بِأَحْجَارٍ بِيضٍ وَ كَانَ يُعْرَفُ أَثَرُ مَسْجِدِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَتَّى أُدْخِلَ فِي هَذَا الْمَسْجِدِ الَّذِي بِنَمِرَةَ حَيْثُ يُصَلِّي الْإِمَامُ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ فَصَلَّى بِهَا الظُّهْرَ وَ الْعَصْرَ ث

“Abu Basir had heard abu Ja’far and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, who have said the following: “When it was the day of al-Tarwiyyah (eighth of Dhul Hajjah, meaning carry sufficient water) Jibril said to Ibrahim, ‘Carry a good supply of water, for which reason it is called the day of al-Tarwiyyah. He then went to M

أَنْ يَدْرُسَ الْحَرَمُ فَوَضَعَ أَنْصَابَهُ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ وَضَعَهَا ثُمَّ غَلَبَتْ جُرْهُمُ‌[1] عَلَى وِلَايَةِ الْبَيْتِ فَكَانَ يَلِي مِنْهُمْ كَابِرٌ عَنْ كَابِرٍ حَتَّى بَغَتْ جُرْهُمُ بِمَكَّةَ وَ اسْتَحَلُّوا حُرْمَتَهَا وَ أَكَلُوا مَالَ الْكَعْبَةِ وَ ظَلَمُوا مَنْ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ وَ عَتَوْا وَ بَغَوْا وَ كَانَتْ مَكَّةُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ لَا يَظْلِمُ وَ لَا يَبْغِي فِيهَا وَ لَا يَسْتَحِلُّ حُرْمَت

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Up to the time of ‘Adnan ibn ’Udad, descendents of Isma‘il were the caretakers of the House. They showed people how to perform the acts of Hajj and taught them religious matters, one generation after the other. After such a long time, their hearts became hard and they became corrupt and i

النَّظَرُ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ عِبَادَةٌ وَ النَّظَرُ إِلَى الْوَالِدَيْنِ عِبَادَةٌ وَ النَّظَرُ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ عِبَادَةٌ وَ قَالَ مَنْ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ كُتِبَتْ لَهُ حَسَنَةٌ وَ مُحِيَتْ عَنْهُ عَشْرُ سَيِّئَاتٍ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that looking at al-Ka’bah is an act of worship; looking at parents is an act of worship; and looking at the Imam is an act of worship. For one’s looking at al- Ka’bah, one good deed is written for him and ten of his bad deeds are deleted.”

أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ أَخِي بِجَارِيَةٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ مُغَنِّيَةٍ فَارِهَةٍ[3] وَ جَعَلَهَا هَدْياً لِبَيْتِ اللَّهِ‌ الْحَرَامِ فَقَدِمْتُ مَكَّةَ فَسَأَلْتُ فَقِيلَ ادْفَعْهَا إِلَى بَنِي شَيْبَةَ وَ قِيلَ لِي غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ فَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيَّ فِيهِ فَقَالَ لِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَسْجِدِ أَ لَا أُرْشِدُكَ إِلَى مَنْ يُرْشِدُكَ فِي هَذَا إِلَى الْحَقِّ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ فَأَشَارَ إِلَى شَيْخٍ جَالِسٍ فِ

“My brother in his will made a beautiful singer slave-girl a gift to the Bayt of Allah al-Haram (the Sacred House of Allah). I then went to Makkah and asked about it. I was told to give her to banu Shaybah. In addition, other things were said to me. It became confusing to me. One man from the Masjid asked me, ‘Can I sh

قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ أَبِي حَدَّثَنِي عَنْ آبَائِكَ ع أَنَّهُ قِيلَ لِبَعْضِهِمْ إِنَّ فِي بِلَادِنَا مَوْضِعَ رِبَاطٍ[3] يُقَالُ لَهُ قَزْوِينُ وَ عَدُوّاً يُقَالُ لَهُ الدَّيْلَمُ فَهَلْ مِنْ جِهَادٍ أَوْ هَلْ مِنْ رِبَاطٍ فَقَالَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِهَذَا الْبَيْتِ فَحُجُّوهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدِيثَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِهَذَا الْبَيْتِ فَحُجُّوهُ ثُمَّ

“I once said to al-Rida (a.s.), ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause. My father has narrated to me from your ancestors, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, that it was said to one of them, ‘In our country there is a station for travelers called Qazvin and enemies called al-Daylam. Is it obligatory to fight and arm

لَوْ عَطَّلَ النَّاسُ الْحَجَّ لَوَجَبَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يُجْبِرَهُمْ عَلَى الْحَجِّ إِنْ شَاءُوا وَ إِنْ أَبَوْا فَإِنَّ هَذَا الْبَيْتَ إِنَّمَا وُضِعَ لِلْحَجِ‌[2].

“If people neglect al-Hajj it becomes obligatory for the Imam to force them to perform al-Hajj whether they agree or disagree; this House is established for al-Hajj.”

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ حَجَّ وَ لَا يَدْرِي وَ لَا يَعْرِفُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ ثُمَّ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِمَعْرِفَتِهِ وَ الدَّيْنُونَةِ بِهِ أَ عَلَيْهِ حَجَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ أَمْ قَدْ قَضَى قَالَ قَدْ قَضَى فَرِيضَةَ اللَّهِ وَ الْحَجُّ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ وَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ هُوَ فِي بَعْضِ هَذِهِ الْأَصْنَافِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ نَاصِبٍ مُتَدَيِّنٍ ثُمَّ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَع

“I once wrote to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and asked him about a man who did not believe in this issue (the Divine Authority of ’A’immah); then Allah granted him understanding and belief in it. Does he still owe Hajjahta al-Islam or it is complete?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He has completed the obligation from Allah but perfo

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع قَدْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَطُوفَ عَنْكَ وَ عَنْ أَبِيكَ فَقِيلَ لِي إِنَّ الْأَوْصِيَاءَ لَا يُطَافُ عَنْهُمْ فَقَالَ لِي بَلْ طُفْ مَا أَمْكَنَكَ فَإِنَّهُ جَائِزٌ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ اسْتَأْذَنْتُكَ فِي الطَّوَافِ عَنْكَ وَ عَنْ أَبِيكَ فَأَذِنْتَ لِي فِي ذَلِكَ فَطُفْتُ عَنْكُمَا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ وَقَعَ فِي قَلْبِي شَيْ‌ءٌ فَعَمِلْتُ

“I once said to abu Ja‘far, the second ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I want to perform Tawaf on your behalf and on behalf of your father.’ It was said to me, ‘Tawaf is not performed on behalf of the executors of the will (of the Messenger of Allah).’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Perform Tawaf as much as you can; it is permissible.’

إِذَا أَحْرَمْتَ فَاتَّقِ قَتْلَ الدَّوَابِّ كُلِّهَا إِلَّا الْأَفْعَى وَ الْعَقْرَبَ وَ الْفَأْرَةَ فَإِنَّهَا تُوهِي السِّقَاءَ وَ تُحْرِقُ‌[2] عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ وَ أَمَّا الْعَقْرَبُ‌[3] فَإِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ص مَدَّ يَدَهُ إِلَى الْحَجَرِ فَلَسَعَتْهُ عَقْرَبٌ فَقَالَ لَعَنَكِ اللَّهُ لَا بَرّاً تَدَعِينَ وَ لَا فَاجِراً وَ الْحَيَّةُ إِذَا أَرَادَتْكَ فَاقْتُلْهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تُرِدْكَ فَلَا تُرِدْهَا وَ

2. Ali has narrated from his father from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from ibn abu ‘Umayr and Safwan from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you assume the state of Ihram, then he should stay away from killing

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- ذَوا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ‌[2] قَالَ الْعَدْلُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ الْإِمَامُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا مِمَّا أَخْطَأَتْ بِهِ الْكُتَّابُ.[3]

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the meaning of the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, ‘Two just people among you. . .’ (5:96) He (the Imam) said, ‘The just person is a reference to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Yo

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- يَحْكُمُ بِهِ ذَوا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ‌ قَالَ الْعَدْلُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ الْإِمَامُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا مِمَّا أَخْطَأَتْ بِهِ الْكُتَّابُ.

‘The just person is a reference to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and the Imam after him.’ He then said, ‘A mistake is made in it by the scribes (interpreters).”’

عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الظُّهْرَ بِمِنًى ثُمَّ يَبِيتُ بِهَا وَ يُصْبِحُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘An Imam must perform Salat (prayer) of al-Zuhr in Mina, stay the night there till the morning until sunrise; then leave for ‘Arafat . ‘“

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِذَا انْتَهَيْتَ إِلَى مِنًى فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ هَذِهِ مِنًى وَ هِيَ مِمَّا مَنَنْتَ بِهَا عَلَيْنَا مِنَ الْمَنَاسِكِ فَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَمُنَّ عَلَيْنَا بِمَا مَنَنْتَ بِهِ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِكَ فَإِنَّمَا أَنَا عَبْدُكَ وَ فِي قَبْضَتِكَ ثُمَّ تُصَلِّي بِهَا الظُّهْرَ وَ الْعَصْرَ وَ الْمَغْرِبَ وَ الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ وَ الْفَجْرَ وَ الْإِمَامُ يُصَلِّي بِهَا الظُّهْرَ لَا يَسَعُهُ إ

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and af-Fadf ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya and ibn abu ‘Umayr Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you arrive in Mina’ say this, ‘O Lord, this is Mina’ which You have granted to us so we perform our acts (

مِنَ السُّنَّةِ أَلَّا يَخْرُجَ الْإِمَامُ مِنْ مِنًى إِلَى عَرَفَةَ[1] حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ.

‘It is of the Sunnah that the Imam must not leave Mina’ for ‘Arafah, until it is sunrise.’”

رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ بِالْمَوْقِفِ وَ هُوَ يُنَادِي بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ الْإِمَامَ ثُمَّ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ثُمَّ الْحَسَنُ ثُمَّ الْحُسَيْنُ ثُمَّ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ثُمَّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع ثُمَّ هَهْ‌[1] فَيُنَادِي ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ لِمَنْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ اثْنَيْ ع

“I saw abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), on the day of ‘Arafah in al-Mawqaf (the station) saying at the top of his voice, ‘O people, the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, was an Imam. Then Ali ibn abu Talib was an Imam. Then al-Hassan was an Imam. Th

مَنْ أَدْرَكَ جَمْعاً فَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ الْحَجَّ وَ قَالَ أَيُّمَا قَارِنٍ أَوْ مُفْرِدٍ أَوْ مُتَمَتِّعٍ قَدِمَ وَ قَدْ فَاتَهُ الْحَجُّ فَلْيَحِلَّ بِعُمْرَةٍ وَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَجُّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ قَالَ وَ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ أَدْرَكَ الْإِمَامَ وَ هُوَ بِجَمْعٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ ظَنَّ أَنَّهُ يَأْتِي عَرَفَاتٍ فَيَقِفُ بِهَا قَلِيلًا ثُمَّ يُدْرِكُ جَمْعاً قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ فَلْيَأْتِهَا وَ إِنْ ظَنَّ أَنَّهُ لَا يَأْتِه

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Whoever attends Jam‘ has attended al-Hajj. 5 He (the Imam) has said, ‘Anyone performing al-Hajj as Qa’rin, Mufrid or as al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) who comes and misses al-Hajj, must come out of the state of Ihram of al-‘Umrah. He owes al-Hajj in future. 5 He (the Imam), about

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَاتَتْهُ رَكْعَةٌ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ قَالَ يُتِمُّ صَلَاتَهُ ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ التَّكْبِيرِ بَعْدَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ فَقَالَ كَمْ شِئْتَ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ شَيْ‌ءٌ مُوَقَّتٌ يَعْنِي فِي الْكَلَامِ‌[3].

“I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who misses one Rak’at Salat (prayer) with the Imam of Salat (prayer) in the days of Tashriq. He (the Imam) said, ’He completes his Salat (prayer) and then says Takhir.’ I then asked about Takhir after every Salat (prayer).

يُصَلِّي الْإِمَامُ‌[1] الظُّهْرَ- يَوْمَ النَّفْرِ بِمَكَّةَ

‘The Imam must perform Salat (prayer) of al-Zuhr on the day of departure.’”

حَجَّ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَلِيٍ‌[3] بِالنَّاسِ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ وَ مِائَةٍ فَسَقَطَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ بَغْلَتِهِ فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ إِسْمَاعِيلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع سِرْ فَإِنَّ الْإِمَامَ لَا يَقِفُ‌[4].

“Isma‘il ibn Ali (appointed leader for pilgrim) performed al-Hajj in the year 140 Hijriy. Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, fell off his transporting mule and Isma‘il ibn Ali stopped to care for him. Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘Move along with people; the (Imam) leader must not stop.’”

إِنَّ الْقَائِمَ ع إِذَا قَامَ رَدَّ الْبَيْتَ الْحَرَامَ إِلَى أَسَاسِهِ وَ مَسْجِدَ الرَّسُولِ إِلَى أَسَاسِهِ وَ مَسْجِدَ الْكُوفَةِ إِلَى أَسَاسِهِ وَ قَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ التَّمَّارِينَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ.

“When al-Qa’im will rise with Divine Authority, he will return the House to its foundation, the Masjid of the messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, to its foundation and the Masjid of al-Kufa to its foundation.” Abu Basir has said, ‘Up to the

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ مَنْ دَخَلَهُ كانَ آمِناً فَقَالَ لَقَدْ سَأَلْتَنِي عَنْ شَيْ‌ءٍ مَا سَأَلَنِي أَحَدٌ إِلَّا مَنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ أَمَّ هَذَا الْبَيْتَ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ الْبَيْتُ الَّذِي أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ وَ عَرَفَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ حَقَّ مَعْرِفَتِنَا كَانَ آمِناً فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, ‘One who enters it is safe.’ (3:97) He (the Imam) said, ‘You have asked me about something about which no one has asked except those whom Allah wanted to ask. Whoever decides to visit this House and knows that this is t

إِنَّمَا أُمِرَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يَأْتُوا هَذِهِ الْأَحْجَارَ فَيَطُوفُوا بِهَا ثُمَّ يَأْتُونَا فَيُخْبِرُونَا بِوَلَايَتِهِمْ وَ يَعْرِضُوا عَلَيْنَا نَصْرَهُمْ.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘People are commanded to come to these stones, perform Tawaf, thereafter come to us to inform us of their acceptance of our Divine Authority and offer us their support. ‘“

تَمَامُ الْحَجِّ لِقَاءُ الْإِمَامِ‌[2].

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Meeting the Imam is completion of al-Hajj.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَنِي فِي كِتَابِهِ بِأَمْرٍ فَأُحِبُّ أَنْ أَعْمَلَهُ قَالَ وَ مَا ذَاكَ قُلْتُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- ثُمَّ لْيَقْضُوا تَفَثَهُمْ وَ لْيُوفُوا نُذُورَهُمْ‌ قَالَ لْيَقْضُوا تَفَثَهُمْ لِقَاءُ الْإِمَامِ وَ لْيُوفُوا نُذُورَهُمْ تِلْكَ الْمَنَاسِكُ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ فَأَتَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَز

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), Allah has commanded me in His book and I love to obey that command. He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is that commandment?’ I replied, ‘It is the words of Allah. “Then spruce up and comply with your vows.’” He (the Imam) said, ‘Spruce up’ means visit your Imam, ‘comply with your vows’ me

إِذَا أَتَيْتَ الْقَبْرَ الَّذِي بِالْبَقِيعِ فَاجْعَلْهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ ثُمَّ تَقُولُ- السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَئِمَّةَ الْهُدَى السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ التَّقْوَى السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْحُجَّةَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقُوَّامَ فِي الْبَرِيَّةِ بِالْقِسْطِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الصَّفْوَةِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ النَّجْوَى أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكُمْ قَدْ بَلَّغْتُمْ وَ نَصَحْتُمْ

1. The following is narrated in a mawquf and mursal manner who has narrated the following: (It seems as if it is part of Hadith 5 of previous Chapter narrated from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar). “When you go to the grave in al-Baqi‘ keep it in front of you and say, ‘(I hereby declare, affirm and acknowledge that you are ‘Alayh

حَمَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى مَسْجِدِ الْغَدِيرِ نَظَرَ إِلَى مَيْسَرَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ مَوْضِعُ قَدَمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَيْثُ قَالَ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ مَوْضِعُ فُسْطَاطِ أَبِي فُلَانٍ وَ فُلَانٍ وَ سَالِمٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ الْجَرَّاحِ فَ

“I once provided transportation for Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), from al-Medina to Mecca. When we arrived at Masjid of al-Ghadir Khumm, he looked to the left side of the Masjid and said this. ‘That is the place where the Messenger of Allah (saww) set foot when he (the Messenger of Allah) said, “On whoever I have Divine Autho

سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ إِمَامٍ عَهْداً فِي عُنُقِ أَوْلِيَائِهِ وَ شِيعَتِهِ وَ إِنَّ مِنْ تَمَامِ الْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَ حُسْنِ الْأَدَاءِ زِيَارَةَ قُبُورِهِمْ فَمَنْ زَارَهُمْ رَغْبَةً فِي زِيَارَتِهِمْ وَ تَصْدِيقاً بِمَا رَغِبُوا فِيهِ كَانَ أَئِمَّتُهُمْ شُفَعَاءَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.

"Indeed, every Imam has a covenant upon his supporters and followers. And among the complete fulfillment of the covenant and good performance is the visitation of their graves. So whoever visits them out of desire for visiting them and in affirmation of what they desired will have their Imams as their intercessors on t

بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع فِي مَرَضِهِ وَ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ فَسَبَقَنِي إِلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ وَ أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ مَا زَالَ يَقُولُ ابْعَثُوا إِلَى الْحَيْرِ ابْعَثُوا إِلَى الْحَيْرِ فَقُلْتُ لِمُحَمَّدٍ أَ لَا قُلْتَ لَهُ أَنَا أَذْهَبُ إِلَى الْحَيْرِ ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنَا أَذْهَبُ إِلَى الْحَيْرِ فَقَالَ انْظُرُوا فِي ذَاكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from abu Hashim al-Ja’fariy who has said the following: “Once, abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, during his illness, called me and Muhammad ibn Hamzah. Muhammad ibn Hamzah went to him before me. Muhammad told me that he (the Imam) still says, ‘You must send som

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رُبَّمَا فَاتَنِي الْحَجُّ فَأُعَرِّفُ‌[2] عِنْدَ قَبْرِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَقَالَ أَحْسَنْتَ يَا بَشِيرُ أَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ أَتَى قَبْرَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع عَارِفاً بِحَقِّهِ فِي غَيْرِ يَوْمِ عِيدٍ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ عِشْرِينَ حَجَّةً وَ عِشْرِينَ عُمْرَةً مَبْرُورَاتٍ مَقْبُولَاتٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ حَجَّةً وَ عُمْرَةً مَعَ نَبِيٍّ مُرْسَلٍ أَوْ إِمَامٍ عَدْلٍ وَ مَنْ أَتَاهُ فِي يَوْمِ عِيدٍ كَتَ

“I once said to abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I may miss performing al-Hajj, so I spend the day of ‘Arafah near the gravesite of al-Husayn (a.s.) .’ He (the Imam) said, ‘That is very good, O Bashir. If anyone of believing people visits the gravesite of al-Husayn (a.s.), with proper awareness of his rights on a day other tha