Travel

إِنَّ أُمِّي كَانَتْ جَعَلَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهَا نَذْراً إِنْ كَانَ اللَّهُ رَدَّ عَلَيْهَا بَعْضَ وُلْدِهَا مِنْ شَيْ‌ءٍ كَانَتْ تَخَافُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ تَصُومَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يَقْدَمُ فِيهِ مَا بَقِيَتْ فَخَرَجَتْ مَعَنَا مُسَافِرَةً إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَأَشْكَلَ عَلَيْنَا لَمْ نَدْرِ أَ تَصُومُ أَمْ تُفْطِرُ فَسَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَ أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَا جَعَلَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِ

“My mother had placed upon herself from Allah to fast a certain day if Allah returned one of her children safely from the danger of which she was afraid, and she would then fast the day her child came back. She did not stay; instead came out with us for Makkah and it became difficult for us because we did not know whet

شَكَوْتُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي أُصَدَّعُ‌[1] إِذَا صُمْتُ هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثَةَ الْأَيَّامِ وَ يَشُقُّ عَلَيَّ قَالَ فَاصْنَعْ كَمَا أَصْنَعُ إِذَا سَافَرْتُ فَإِنِّي إِذَا سَافَرْتُ تَصَدَّقْتُ عَنْ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ قُوتِ أَهْلِي الَّذِي أَقُوتُهُمْ بِهِ.

“I once complained before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘I get a headache if I fast the three days (recommended for every month) and it is difficult for me. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must do as I do when I travel. When traveling I pay charity for every day of one mud (a certain measurement) of the kind of food which is

وَ لَوْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ بِأَنْبِيَائِهِ حَيْثُ بَعَثَهُمْ أَنْ يَفْتَحَ لَهُمْ كُنُوزَ الذِّهْبَانِ وَ مَعَادِنَ الْعِقْيَانِ‌[3] وَ مَغَارِسَ الْجِنَانِ وَ أَنْ يَحْشُرَ طَيْرَ السَّمَاءِ وَ وَحْشَ الْأَرْضِ مَعَهُمْ لَفَعَلَ وَ لَوْ فَعَلَ لَسَقَطَ الْبَلَاءُ وَ بَطَلَ الْجَزَاءُ وَ اضْمَحَلَّتِ الْأَنْبَاءُ وَ لَمَا وَجَبَ لِلْقَائِلِينَ أُجُورُ الْمُبْتَلَيْنَ‌[4] وَ لَا لَحِقَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ثَوَ

2. It is narrated that ’Amir al-Mu’minin once said in his sermon the following: “’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that if Allah, Glorious is whose praise, wanted, He could have opened to His prophets the treasures of gold (stored), mines of pure growing gold, placed at their disposal, gardens of plantation

إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع لَمَّا خَلَّفَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بِمَكَّةَ عَطِشَ الصَّبِيُّ فَكَانَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ شَجَرٌ فَخَرَجَتْ أُمُّهُ حَتَّى قَامَتْ عَلَى الصَّفَا فَقَالَتْ هَلْ بِالْبَوَادِي مِنْ أَنِيسٍ فَلَمْ تُجِبْهَا أَحَدٌ فَمَضَتْ حَتَّى انْتَهَتْ إِلَى الْمَرْوَةِ فَقَالَتْ هَلْ بِالْبَوَادِي مِنْ أَنِيسٍ فَلَمْ تُجَبْ ثُمَّ رَجَعَتْ إِلَى الصَّفَا وَ قَالَتْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى صَنَعَتْ ذَلِكَ سَبْ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when Ibrahim (a.s.), left Isma‘il behind in Makkah, the child became thirsty. Between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah there was a tree. His mother went to al-Safa’ and called aloud, ‘Is there anyone, in the wilderness, to provide relief?’ No one answered. She then went to al-Marwah and call

أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ص رَجُلَانِ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ فَقَالَ الثَّقِيفِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ حَاجَتِي فَقَالَ سَبَقَكَ أَخُوكَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي عَلَى ظَهْرِ سَفَرٍ وَ إِنِّي عَجْلَانُ وَ قَالَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ إِنِّي قَدْ أَذِنْتُ لَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ شِئْتَ سَأَلْتَنِي وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ نَبَّأْتُكَ فَقَالَ نَبِّئْنِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ جِئْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي

37. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once, two men came to the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of thei

مَا مِنْ سَفَرٍ أَبْلَغَ فِي لَحْمٍ وَ لَا دَمٍ وَ لَا جِلْدٍ وَ لَا شَعْرٍ مِنْ سَفَرِ مَكَّةَ وَ مَا أَحَدٌ يَبْلُغُهُ حَتَّى تَنَالَهُ الْمَشَقَّةُ.

41. Ibn abu ‘Umayr has narrated from Hisham ibn al-Hakam who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that no other journey affects one’s flesh, blood, skin and hair more than the journey to Makkah. No one reaches it (the journey) without facing hardships.’”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَشِيَّةً مِنَ الْعَشِيَّاتِ وَ نَحْنُ بِمِنًى وَ هُوَ يَحُثُّنِي عَلَى الْحَجِّ وَ يُرَغِّبُنِي فِيهِ يَا سَعِيدُ أَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ رِزْقاً مِنْ رِزْقِهِ فَأَخَذَ ذَلِكَ الرِّزْقَ فَأَنْفَقَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَهُمْ قَدْ ضَحَاهُمْ بِالشَّمْسِ‌[2] حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ بِهِمْ عَشِيَّةَ عَرَفَةَ إِلَى الْمَوْقِفِ فَيَقِيلَ أَ لَمْ تَرَ فُرَجاً تَكُونُ

“During one of the evenings when we were in Mina, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), encouraging and urging me to perform al-Hajj, said, ‘O Sa‘id, there is a servant of Allah to whom Allah has granted sustenance from His wealth. He takes from such sustenance the expenditures for himself and his family and then takes them on a jour

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَا اسْتَخْلَفَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ بِخِلَافَةٍ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ يَرْكَعُهُمَا إِذَا أَرَادَ الْخُرُوجَ إِلَى سَفَرٍ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَوْدِعُكَ نَفْسِي وَ أَهْلِي وَ مَالِي وَ ذُرِّيَّتِي‌[1] وَ دُنْيَايَ وَ آخِرَتِي وَ أَمَانَتِي وَ خَاتِمَةَ عَمَلِي إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ مَا سَأَلَ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy, from al-Sakuniy who has said the following from his ancestors: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ’No deputy i

كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِذَا أَرَادَ سَفَراً جَمَعَ عِيَالَهُ فِي بَيْتٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَوْدِعُكَ الْغَدَاةَ نَفْسِي وَ مَالِي وَ أَهْلِي وَ وُلْدِي الشَّاهِدَ مِنَّا وَ الْغَائِبَ اللَّهُمَّ احْفَظْنَا وَ احْفَظْ عَلَيْنَا[2] اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنَا فِي جِوَارِكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَسْلُبْنَا نِعْمَتَكَ وَ لَا تُغَيِّرْ مَا بِنَا مِنْ عَافِيَتِكَ وَ فَضْلِكَ.

When abu Ja’far (a.s.), wanted to leave for a journey, he would ask his family to come together in the house. He would then say, ‘O Allah, I leave in the morning in Your trust my soul, my possession, my family, my children, those present and those absent. O Allah, protect us and protect things important to us. O Allah,

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ يُكْرَهُ السَّفَرُ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ مِنَ الْأَيَّامِ الْمَكْرُوهَةِ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ وَ غَيْرِهِ فَقَالَ افْتَتِحْ سَفَرَكَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَ اقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ إِذَا بَدَا لَكَ.

’Begin your journey with giving charity and reading verse 255 of Chapter two when you decide to leave for your journey.’”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ تَصَدَّقْ وَ اخْرُجْ أَيَّ يَوْمٍ شِئْتَ.

‘You should give charity and leave for your journey any time you like.’”

لَوْ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْكُمْ إِذَا أَرَادَ السَّفَرَ قَامَ عَلَى بَابِ دَارِهِ تِلْقَاءَ وَجْهِهِ الَّذِي يَتَوَجَّهُ لَهُ فَقَرَأَ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ أَمَامَهُ وَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ وَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ أَمَامَهُ وَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ احْفَظْنِي وَ احْفَظْ مَا مَعِي وَ سَلِّمْنِي وَ سَلِّمْ مَا مَعِي وَ بَلِّغْنِي وَ بَلِّغْ مَا مَعِي بِبَلَاغِكَ الْحَسَنِ لَحَف

“I once heard Musa ibn Ja‘far (a.s.), say, ‘When one of your people decides to leave for a journey, he should stand at the door of his house. He should face the direction of his journey, read Chapter one of the Holy Quran to his front, right and left side. He then should read Ayatu al-Kursiy (verse 255 of Chapter two)

إِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنْ بَيْتِكَ تُرِيدُ الْحَجَّ وَ الْعُمْرَةَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَادْعُ دُعَاءَ الْفَرَجِ وَ هُوَ- لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ الْحَلِيمُ الْكَرِيمُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ الْعَلِيُّ الْعَظِيمُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَ رَبِّ الْأَرَضِينَ السَّبْعِ وَ رَبِّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ‌ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ* ثُمَّ قُلْ اللَّهُمَّ كُنْ لِي جَاراً مِنْ كُلِّ جَبَّارٍ

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, from ibn abu ‘Umayr and Muhammad ibn Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from ibn abu ‘Umayr and Safwan ibn Yahya all from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you come out of your house with the intention to

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ الرَّفِيقَ ثُمَّ السَّفَرَ وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص- لَا تَصْحَبَنَّ فِي سَفَرِكَ مَنْ لَا يَرَى لَكَ مِنَ الْفَضْلِ عَلَيْهِ كَمَا تَرَى لَهُ عَلَيْكَ.

“Ja’far (a.s.), has narrated from his ancestors, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, who have said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Companion first, then is journey.’ ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘You must not accompany during a

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَدْ عَرَفْتَ حَالِي وَ سَعَةَ يَدِي وَ تَوَسُّعِي عَلَى إِخْوَانِي فَأَصْحَبُ النَّفَرَ مِنْهُمْ فِي طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ فَأَتَوَسَّعُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ لَا تَفْعَلْ يَا شِهَابُ إِنْ بَسَطْتَ وَ بَسَطُوا أَجْحَفْتَ بِهِمْ وَ إِنْ أَمْسَكُوا أَذْلَلْتَهُمْ فَاصْحَبْ نُظَرَاءَكَ‌[1].

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘You are aware of my affluent condition and my extending helping hand toward my brothers (in belief). Should I accompany certain individuals from among them during my journey to Makkah and extend a helpful hand toward them?’ He (the Imam) replied, ’You must not do so, O Shihab. If

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَخْرُجُ الرَّجُلُ مَعَ قَوْمٍ مَيَاسِيرَ وَ هُوَ أَقَلُّهُمْ شَيْئاً فَيُخْرِجُ الْقَوْمُ النَّفَقَةَ وَ لَا يَقْدِرُ هُوَ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ مِثْلَ مَا أَخْرَجُوا فَقَالَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يُذِلَّ نَفْسَهُ لِيَخْرُجْ مَعَ مَنْ هُوَ مِثْلُهُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ’Can a less affluent person accompany affluent people during the journey to Makkah, when he cannot spend as much as they do?’ He (the Imam) replied, ’I do not like his humiliating himself. He should accompany people of his own status.’”

صَحِبْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ هُوَ مُتَوَجِّهٌ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى قَالَ- اللَّهُمَّ خَلِّ سَبِيلَنَا وَ أَحْسِنْ تَسْيِيرَنَا وَ أَحْسِنْ عَافِيَتَنَا وَ كُلَّمَا صَعِدَ أَكَمَةً قَالَ- اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الشَّرَفُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَرَفٍ‌[2].

‘O Allah, open the way for us. Make our journey and our health full of goodness.’ Whenever he climbed a higher place, he would say, ‘You possess highness and You are over all goodness.’”

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي سَفَرِهِ إِذَا هَبَطَ سَبَّحَ وَ إِذَا صَعِدَ كَبَّرَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, during his journey, when climbing down would say, ‘Allah is free of all defects’ and when climbing up would say, ‘Allah is great beyond description.’”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِنَّ عَلَى ذِرْوَةِ كُلِّ جِسْرٍ شَيْطَانٌ‌[3] فَإِذَا انْتَهَيْتَ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْ- بِسْمِ اللَّهِ يَرْحَلْ عَنْكَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘On every bridge there is a Satan. When you approach him, say, ‘(I seek help) by the name of Allah.’ He moves away from you.’”

قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ لِنَفْسِيَ الْيَقِينَ وَ الْعَفْوَ وَ الْعَافِيَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ ثِقَتِي وَ أَنْتَ رَجَائِي وَ أَنْتَ عَضُدِي وَ أَنْتَ نَاصِرِي بِكَ أَحُلُّ وَ بِكَ أَسِيرُ[1] قَالَ وَ مَنْ يَخْرُجْ فِي سَفَرٍ وَحْدَهُ فَلْيَقُلْ‌ ما شاءَ اللَّهُ لا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ‌ اللَّهُمَّ آنِسْ وَحْشَتِي وَ أَعِنِّي عَلَى وَحْدَتِي وَ أَدِّ غَيْبَتِي‌[2].

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Isa ibn ‘Abdullah al-Qummiy from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who said: “Say: ‘O Allah, I appeal before You to grant my soul certainty, forgiveness and good health in this life and in the next life. O Allah, You ar

إِذَا خَرَجْتَ فِي سَفَرٍ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي خَرَجْتُ فِي وَجْهِي هَذَا بِلَا ثِقَةٍ مِنِّي بِغَيْرِكَ وَ لَا رَجَاءٍ آوِي إِلَيْهِ إِلَّا إِلَيْكَ وَ لَا قُوَّةٍ أَتَّكِلُ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَا حِيلَةٍ أَلْجَأُ إِلَيْهَا إِلَّا طَلَبَ فَضْلِكَ وَ ابْتِغَاءَ رِزْقِكَ وَ تَعَرُّضاً لِرَحْمَتِكَ وَ سُكُوناً إِلَى حُسْنِ عَادَتِكَ‌[3] وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا سَبَقَ لِي فِي عِلْمِكَ فِي سَفَرِي هَذَا مِمَّا أُحِبُّ أَ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when you come out for a journey say, ‘O Allah, I have come out in this direction without placing my trust in anyone other than You. I do not have any hope in anyone to which I incline except to You. I have no power to rely on, or any plan to use, except seeking favors from You. I s

نَعَمْ إِنَّمَا خَالَفَهُ إِلَى الْفَضْلِ‌[1].

“I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who pays someone to perform al-Hajj in Ifrad manner (al-Hajj without al- £ Umrah) for him; if it is permissible to perform in al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) manner. He (the Imam) said, ‘He has opposed him in what is mo

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْطَى رَجُلًا حَجَّةً يَحُجُّ بِهَا عَنْهُ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ فَحَجَّ عَنْهُ مِنَ الْبَصْرَةِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِذَا قَضَى جَمِيعَ مَنَاسِكِهِ فَقَدْ تَمَّ حَجُّهُ‌[2].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who pays someone to perform al-Hajj for him from al-Kufah and he performs it from al-Basrah. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful; if he performs all acts, then his al-Hajj is complete.’”

مَنْ أَقَامَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ شَهْراً وَ هُوَ يُرِيدُ الْحَجَّ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ فِي غَيْرِ طَرِيقِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ الَّذِي يَأْخُذُونَهُ فَلْيَكُنْ إِحْرَامُهُ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ سِتَّةِ أَمْيَالٍ فَيَكُونُ حِذَاءَ الشَّجَرَةِ مِنَ الْبَيْدَاءِ وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى يُحْرِمُ مِنَ الشَّجَرَةِ ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ أَيَّ طَرِيقٍ شَاءَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who stays in al-Madinah for one month, then wants to perform al-Hajj; but he decides to travel from a road other than the road of the people of al- Madinah, his Ihram is from a distance of six miles, parallel to al-Shajarah in al-Bayda’. In another Hadith it says that one assumes

الْحَجُّ أَشْهُرٌ مَعْلُوماتٌ‌- شَوَّالٌ وَ ذُو الْقَعْدَةِ وَ ذُو الْحِجَّةِ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ بِالْحَجِّ فِي سِوَاهُنَّ وَ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ دُونَ الْوَقْتِ‌[1] الَّذِي وَقَّتَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنَّمَا مَثَلُ ذَلِكَ مَثَلُ مَنْ صَلَّى فِي السَّفَرِ أَرْبَعاً وَ تَرَكَ الثِّنْتَيْنِ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The months of al-Hajj are well known; they are Shawwal, Dhu al-Qa’dah and Dhu al-Hajj ah. One must not assume the state of Ihram for al-Hajj in other months and one must not assume the state of Ihram before Mawaqit (places for assuming the state of Ihram) designated by the Messenger of Al

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا مُتَغَيِّرُ اللَّوْنِ فَقَالَ لِي مِنْ أَيْنَ أَحْرَمْتَ قُلْتُ مِنْ مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالَ رُبَّ طَالِبِ خَيْرٍ تَزِلُّ قَدَمُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَسُرُّكَ إِنْ صَلَّيْتَ الظُّهْرَ فِي السَّفَرِ أَرْبَعاً قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهُوَ وَ اللَّهِ ذَاكَ.

“I once went to see abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). My color had changed and he (the Imam) asked, ‘From where did you assume the state of Ihram?’ I replied, ‘From such and such place.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘There are many who seek goodness but their feet slip.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Will it make you happy to perform four Rak

حَجُّوا بِامْرَأَةٍ مَعَهُمْ فَقَدِمُوا إِلَى الْوَقْتِ وَ هِيَ لَا تُصَلِّي فَجَهِلُوا أَنَّ مِثْلَهَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُحْرِمَ فَمَضَوْا بِهَا كَمَا هِيَ حَتَّى قَدِمُوا مَكَّةَ وَ هِيَ طَامِثٌ حَلَالٌ فَسَأَلُوا النَّاسَ فَقَالُوا تَخْرُجُ إِلَى بَعْضِ الْمَوَاقِيتِ فَتُحْرِمُ مِنْهُ وَ كَانَتْ إِذَا فَعَلَتْ لَمْ تُدْرِكِ الْحَجَّ فَسَأَلُوا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع فَقَالَ تُحْرِمُ مِنْ مَكَانِهَا قَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ نِي

from Zurarah from certain persons of our people who performed al-Hajj with a woman with them. They arrived at Miqat (place for assuming the state of Ihram) and she did not perform Salat (prayer). They did not know that one like her must assume the state of Ihram; so they continued on their journey with her in the same

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ مَعِي أَهْلِي وَ أَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشُدَّ نَفَقَتِي فِي حَقْوَيَّ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَإِنَّ أَبِي ع كَانَ يَقُولُ مِنْ قُوَّةِ الْمُسَافِرِ حِفْظُ نَفَقَتِهِ.

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that my family is with me and I need to carry around my loin something for my expenses with me. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, my father (a.s.), would say that of the strength of a traveler are his supplies.’”

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّ عَمَّتِي مَعِي وَ هِيَ زَمِيلَتِي‌[1] وَ الْحَرُّ تَشْتَدُّ عَلَيْهَا إِذَا أَحْرَمَتْ فَتَرَى لِي أَنْ أُظَلِّلَ عَلَيَّ وَ عَلَيْهَا فَكَتَبَ ع ظَلِّلْ عَلَيْهَا وَحْدَهَا.

“I once wrote to abu Ja‘far (a.s.), that my aunt who is my travel-mate and the heat is severe for her while she is in the state of Ihram; if I can provide shadow for her and for myself. He (the Imam) wrote, ‘You can provide shadow just for her alone.’”

كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مُزَامَلَةً فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْحَرَمِ نَزَلَ وَ اغْتَسَلَ وَ أَخَذَ نَعْلَيْهِ بِيَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ حَافِياً فَصَنَعْتُ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعَ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَانُ مَنْ صَنَعَ مِثْلَ مَا رَأَيْتَنِي صَنَعْتُ تَوَاضُعاً لِلَّهِ مَحَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ سَيِّئَةٍ وَ كَتَبَ لَهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ حَسَنَةٍ وَ بَنَى اللَّهُ عَز

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘ Abd Allah from his father from al-Qasim ibn Ibrahim from Aban ibn Taghlib who has said the following: “I was in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, as journey-mate between al-Madinah and Makkah. When we arrived at the area of al-Haram (the sacre

زَامَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْحَرَمِ اغْتَسَلَ وَ أَخَذَ نَعْلَيْهِ بِيَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ مَشَى فِي الْحَرَمِ سَاعَةً. - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ مِثْلَهُ.

“I once accompanied abu Ja‘far (a.s.), during a journey between Makkah and al-Madinah. When he arrived in al-Haram (the sacred area), he took a shower, then took his shoes in his hand and walked into al-Haram (the sacred area) for an hour.” Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn al-Hak

إِذَا دَنَوْتَ مِنَ الْحَجَرِ الْأَسْوَدِ فَارْفَعْ يَدَيْكَ وَ احْمَدِ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنِ عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلِّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ اسْأَلِ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَتَقَبَّلَ مِنْكَ ثُمَّ اسْتَلِمِ الْحَجَرَ[1] وَ قَبِّلْهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ تُقَبِّلَهُ فَاسْتَلِمْهُ بِيَدِكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ تَسْتَلِمَهُ بِيَدِكَ فَأَشِرْ إِلَيْهِ وَ قُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ أَمَانَتِي أَدَّيْتُهَا وَ مِيثَاقِي تَعَاهَدْتُهُ لِتَشْ

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr and Muhammad ibn Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from ibn abu ‘Umayr and Safwan ibn Yahya has narrated from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you go close to the Black

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَحُجُّ مُشَاةً فَبَلَغَنَا عَنْكَ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَمَا تَرَى قَالَ إِنَّ النَّاسَ لَيَحُجُّونَ مُشَاةً وَ يَرْكَبُونَ قُلْتُ لَيْسَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ أَسْأَلُكَ قَالَ فَعَنْ أَيِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ سَأَلْتَ قُلْتُ أَيُّهُمَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ أَنْ نَصْنَعَ قَالَ تَرْكَبُونَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَقْوَى لَكُمْ عَلَى الدُّعَاءِ وَ الْعِبَادَةِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about performing al-Hajj on foot, a Hadith that had been narrated from him (the Imam) and his view about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘People perform al-Hajj both on foot and riding.’ I then said that that is not my question.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What was your question?’ I asked, ‘Whic

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَدْخُلُ مَكَّةَ وَ مَعَهُ نِسَاءٌ قَدْ أَمَرَهُنَّ فَتَمَتَّعْنَ قَبْلَ التَّرْوِيَةِ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٍ فَخَشِيَ عَلَى بَعْضِهِنَّ الْحَيْضَ فَقَالَ إِذَا فَرَغْنَ مِنْ مُتْعَتِهِنَ‌ وَ أَحْلَلْنَ فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى الَّتِي يَخَافُ عَلَيْهَا الْحَيْضَ فَيَأْمُرُهَا تَغْتَسِلُ وَ تُهِلُّ بِالْحَجِّ مِنْ مَكَانِهَا ثُمَّ تَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ بِالصَّفَا وَ

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who enters Makkah in the company of women whom he instructs to perform al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) to enjoy the advantage one or two or three days before al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajj ah) and is afraid about certain ones among them for experiencing Hayd (menses

إِذَا غَدَوْتَ إِلَى عَرَفَةَ فَقُلْ وَ أَنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهٌ إِلَيْهَا- اللَّهُمَّ إِلَيْكَ صَمَدْتُ وَ إِيَّاكَ اعْتَمَدْتُ وَ وَجْهَكَ أَرَدْتُ فَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُبَارِكَ لِي فِي رِحْلَتِي وَ أَنْ تَقْضِيَ لِي حَاجَتِي وَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَنِي الْيَوْمَ مِمَّنْ تُبَاهِي‌ بِهِ مَنْ هُوَ أَفْضَلُ مِنِّي ثُمَّ تُلَبِّ وَ أَنْتَ غَادٍ إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ فَإِذَا انْتَهَيْتَ إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ فَاضْرِبْ خِبَاءَكَ بِنَمِرَةَ وَ نَمِر

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When in the morning you are ready to move toward ‘Arafat, say this prayer, ‘O Lord, I have turned to You, depend on You and for Your sake I act. I appeal before You to make my journey a blessing, grant my needs and make me today of those about whom You express pride before those who a

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمُتَمَتِّعِ لَا يَجِدُ الْهَدْيَ قَالَ يَصُومُ قَبْلَ التَّرْوِيَةِ بِيَوْمٍ وَ يَوْمَ التَّرْوِيَةِ وَ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ قَدِمَ يَوْمَ التَّرْوِيَةِ قَالَ يَصُومُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ بَعْدَ التَّشْرِيقِ قُلْتُ لَمْ يُقِمْ عَلَيْهِ جَمَّالُهُ قَالَ يَصُومُ يَوْمَ الْحَصْبَةِ وَ بَعْدَهُ يَوْمَيْنِ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا الْحَصْبَةُ قَالَ يَوْمُ نَفْرِهِ قُلْتُ يَصُوم

“I once asked abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) about a man who is for al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) but does not find an offering-animal. He (the Imam) said, ’He must fast before al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajjah) on the day of al-Tarwiyah and on the day of ‘Arafah. I then said that he has arrived on the day of Tarwiyah. He (the Im

إِنَّ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ إِذَا زَارُوا الْبَيْتَ وَ دَخَلُوا مَنَازِلَهُمْ أَتَمُّوا وَ إِذَا لَمْ يَدْخُلُوا مَنَازِلَهُمْ قَصَّرُوا.

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘In the case of people of Makkah when they visit the House, then enter their lodgings; they perform their Salat (prayer) complete, but if they do not enter their lodging, they perform in the form of Taqsir (reduced Salat (prayer) as on a journey after traveling a certain distance).”’

إِنَّ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ إِذَا خَرَجُوا حُجَّاجاً قَصَّرُوا وَ إِذَا زَارُوا وَ رَجَعُوا إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمْ أَتَمُّوا.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If people of Makkah come out as Hajj (pilgrims) they perform their Salat (prayer) in Taqsir (reduced Salat (prayer) as on a journey after traveling a certain distance), but when they visit and return to their lodging they perform complete.’” NOTE: Fatwa best explains Hadith 1-2 of thi

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ يُتِمُّونَ الصَّلَاةَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ فَقَالَ وَيْلَهُمْ أَوْ وَيْحَهُمْ وَ أَيُّ سَفَرٍ أَشَدُّ مِنْهُ لَا لَا يُتِمُّ.

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that people of Makkah perform their Salat (prayer) in complete form when they are in ‘Arafat. He (the Imam) said, ‘Woe is upon them’ or ‘Fie upon them, which journey is more intense than that. No, Salat (prayer) is not complete in ‘Arafat.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي مَسْجِدِ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ بِالنَّهَارِ وَ أَنَا مُسَافِرٌ فَقَالَ صَلِّ فِيهِ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ فَضْلًا وَ قَدْ كَانَ أَبِي يَأْمُرُ بِذَلِكَ.

“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about performing salat (prayer) in Masjid of Ghadir Khum during the day while I am on a journey. He (the Imam) said, ‘Perform salat (prayer) therein; it is a virtuous thing to do. My father commanded to do so/”

لَقِيَ عَبَّادٌ الْبَصْرِيُ‌[1] عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ ص فِي طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ تَرَكْتَ الْجِهَادَ وَ صُعُوبَتَهُ وَ أَقْبَلْتَ عَلَى الْحَجِّ وَ لِينَتِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- إِنَّ اللَّهَ اشْتَرى‌ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَ أَمْوالَهُمْ بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ يُقاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَيَقْتُلُونَ وَ يُقْتَلُونَ وَعْداً عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا ف

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Uthman from ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “’Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ‘Abbad al-Basriy met Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al- Salam, on the way to Makkah and said, ‘O Ali ibn al-Husayn, you have disregarded Jihad because it is

نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَ كَذَلِكَ إِنْ كَانَتْ‌ مَعَهُ امْرَأَةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْأُمُّ وَ الْبِنْتُ وَ ابْنَةُ الْعَمِّ وَ الْقَرَابَةُ يَمْنَعُهُنَّ وَ إِنْ خَافَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الْقَتْلَ قَالَ نَعَمْ [قُلْتُ‌] وَ كَذَلِكَ الْمَالُ يُرِيدُونَ أَخْذَهُ فِي سَفَرٍ فَيَمْنَعُهُ وَ إِنْ خَافَ الْقَتْلَ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

“If a man is on a journey and with him is his slave-girl. Certain people come and want to take his slave-girl from him. Should he try to stop them even if he fears for losing his life?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, he should try.’ I then asked, ‘Is it so also if a woman is with him?’ He (the Imam) replies, ‘Yes, it is.

إِنَّ فِي حِكْمَةِ آلِ دَاوُدَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُسْلِمِ الْعَاقِلِ أَنْ لَا يُرَى ظَاعِناً[1] إِلَّا فِي ثَلَاثٍ مَرَمَّةٍ لِمَعَاشٍ أَوْ تَزَوُّدٍ لِمَعَادٍ أَوْ لَذَّةٍ فِي غَيْرِ ذَاتِ مُحَرَّمٍ وَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُسْلِمِ الْعَاقِلِ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ سَاعَةٌ يُفْضِي بِهَا إِلَى عَمَلِهِ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ سَاعَةٌ يُلَاقِي إِخْوَانَهُ الَّذِينَ يُفَاوِضُهُمْ وَ يُفَاوِضُونَهُ فِي أَمْر

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is in the wisdom of Ale (family) Dawud that a reasonable Muslim should not travel unless it is for three kinds of tasks: amending one’s means of living, supplies for the hereafter or enjoyment with lawful matters. A reasonable Muslim should assign certain hours of his time to work

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا يَتَلَقَّى أَحَدُكُمْ تِجَارَةً خَارِجاً مِنَ الْمِصْرِ وَ لَا يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يَرْزُقُ اللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ‌[2].

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘You must not travel to meet the caravan of suppliers out of the city before other buyers. One must not buy for the ones who are not present. Allah grants su

قَالَ: لَا تَلَقَّ وَ لَا تَشْتَرِ مَا تُلُقِّيَ وَ لَا تَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ‌[3].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once said, ‘You must not travel to meet the caravan of suppliers out of the city before other buyers, you must not buy from those you meet in this way and you must not eat from items purchased in this way.’”

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ لَا تَلَقَّ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَهَى عَنِ التَّلَقِّي قُلْتُ وَ مَا حَدُّ التَّلَقِّي قَالَ مَا دُونَ غَدْوَةٍ أَوْ رَوْحَةٍ قُلْتُ وَ كَمِ الْغَدْوَةُ وَ الرَّوْحَةُ قَالَ أَرْبَعُ فَرَاسِخَ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَ مَا فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ بِتَلَقٍّ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once said, ‘You must not travel to meet the caravan of suppliers out of the city before other buyers; the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited it.’ I then asked, ‘What are its limits?’ He (the Imam) replied,

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الْخُرُوجَ إِلَى بَعْضِ الْجَبَلِ فَقَالَ مَا لِلنَّاسِ بُدٌّ مِنْ أَنْ يَضْطَرِبُوا سَنَتَهُمْ هَذِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّا إِذَا بِعْنَاهُمْ بِنَسِيئَةٍ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ لِلرِّبْحِ قَالَ فَبِعْهُمْ بِتَأْخِيرِ سَنَةٍ قُلْتُ بِتَأْخِيرِ سَنَتَيْنِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ بِتَأْخِيرِ ثَلَاثٍ قَالَ لَا.

“I once said to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), ‘I like to travel to certain areas of the mountains.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This year people will not be able to avoid difficult times.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, if we sell to them goods on credit with deferred payment it is more profi

فِي الْمُضَارِبِ مَا أَنْفَقَ فِي سَفَرِهِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ وَ إِذَا قَدِمَ بَلَدَهُ فَمَا أَنْفَقَ فَمِنْ نَصِيبِهِ.

“About the case of Mudarabah (profit sharing) abu al-Hassan (a.s.), has said, ‘Whatever the trading party spends during his journey is from all of the assets, but when he arrives home thereafter whatever he spends is from his own share.’”

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص‌ فِي الْمُضَارِبِ مَا أَنْفَقَ فِي سَفَرِهِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ وَ إِذَا قَدِمَ بَلْدَتَهُ فَمَا أَنْفَقَ فَهُوَ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, about Mudarabah (profit sharing), has said, ‘Whatever he spends during his journey is from the whole of the capital, but when he is back home then whatever he spends is from his own share.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّرْفِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ الرِّفْقَةُ رُبَّمَا عَجِلَتْ فَخَرَجَتْ فَلَمْ نَقْدِرْ عَلَى الدِّمَشْقِيَّةِ وَ الْبَصْرِيَّةِ وَ إِنَّمَا تَجُوزُ بِسَابُورَ الدِّمَشْقِيَّةُ وَ الْبَصْرِيَّةُ فَقَالَ وَ مَا الرِّفْقَةُ فَقُلْتُ الْقَوْمُ يَتَرَافَقُونَ وَ يَجْتَمِعُونَ لِلْخُرُوجِ فَإِذَا عَجِلُوا فَرُبَّمَا لَمْ نَقْدِرْ عَلَى الدِّمَشْقِيَّةِ وَ الْبَصْرِيَّةِ فَبَعَثْنَا بِالْغِلَّةِ[3] فَصَرَفُوا أَلْ

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about currency exchange, saying, ‘The comrades perhaps hurry and I go with them but cannot find al-Dimishqiyah (dirham) or al-Basriyah; they only allow only Sabur of al-Dimishqiyah and al-Basriyah. He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is a comrade? I replied, ‘A group of people get together t