Chapter on the Prohibition of Hunting in the Sanctuary and Its Rulings

إِذَا أَصَابَ الْمُحْرِمُ فِي الْحَرَمِ حَمَامَةً إِلَى أَنْ تَبْلُغَ الظَّبْيَ فَعَلَيْهِ دَمٌ يُهَرِيقُهُ وَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِمِثْلِ ثَمَنِهِ أَيْضاً[2] فَإِنْ أَصَابَ مِنْهُ وَ هُوَ حَلَالٌ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِمِثْلِ ثَمَنِهِ[3].

"If a person in a state of ihram in the Haram kills a pigeon or anything up to the size of a gazelle, he must offer a sacrificial animal (damm), slaughter it, and also give the equivalent of its value in charity. However, if he does so while he is not in a state of ihram, he must give the equivalent of its value in cha

إِنْ كَانَ أَغْلَقَ الْبَابَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَ مَا أَحْرَمَ فَعَلَيْهِ دَمٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَغْلَقَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ وَ هُوَ حَلَالٌ فَعَلَيْهِ ثَمَنُهُ‌[4].

Hadith.2351 - Sulayman ibn Khalid asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who closed his door on a bird, causing it to die. Imam (as) replied: "If he closed the door on it after entering the state of ihram, then he must offer a sacrificial animal (damm). If he closed it before entering ihram while he was in a permissible s

يَتَصَدَّقُ بِدِرْهَمٍ أَوْ يُطْعِمُ بِهِ حَمَامَ الْحَرَمِ‌[1].

Hadith.2352 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who closed the door of a house on a pigeon from the Haram, causing it to die. Imam (as) said: "He must give a dirham in charity or use it to feed the pigeons of the Haram."

عَلَيْهِ قِيمَتُهَا وَ هُوَ دِرْهَمٌ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ أَوْ يَشْتَرِي بِهِ طَعَاماً لِحَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ فَإِنْ قَتَلَهَا وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَعَلَيْهِ شَاةٌ وَ قِيمَةُ الْحَمَامَةِ[2].

Hadith.2353 - Muhammad ibn Al-Fudayl narrated from Abu Al-Hasan (as): I asked him about a man who killed a pigeon from the pigeons of the Haram while in the Haram but not in the state of ihram. Imam (as) said: "He must pay its value, which is a dirham, and give it as charity or use it to buy food for the pigeons of the

إِنْ كَانَ مُسْتَوِيَ الْجَنَاحِ فَلْيُخَلِّ عَنْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ مُسْتَوِي الْجَنَاحِ نَتَفَهُ وَ أَطْعَمَهُ وَ أَسْقَاهُ فَإِذَا اسْتَوَى جَنَاحَاهُ خَلَّى عَنْهُ‌[4].

Hadith.2354 - Hafs ibn Al-Bakhtari narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding someone who catches a bird in the Haram: "If the bird's wings are intact, let it go. But if its wings are not intact, care for it by feeding and giving it water until its wings are restored, then release it."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُحْرِمُ وَ عِنْدَهُ فِي أَهْلِهِ صَيْدٌ إِمَّا وَحْشٌ وَ إِمَّا طَيْرٌ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[1].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who enters into ihram while he has wild animals or birds in his household. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

عَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَيَأْكُلُهُ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَيَطْرَحُهُ قَالَ إِذاً يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ فِدَاءٌ آخَرُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا يَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ يَدْفِنُهُ‌[2].

Hadith.2356 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Khallad, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who slaughtered a pigeon from the pigeons of the Haram. Imam (as) said: "He must offer an expiation (fidya)." I asked: "Can he eat it?" Imam (as) replied: "No." I asked:"Can he throw it away?" Imam (as) replied: "If he does, anot

لِلرَّسُولِ إِنِّي أَظُنُّهُنَّ كُنَّ فُرْهَةً[3] قُلْ لَهُ يَذْبَحُ مَكَانَ كُلِّ طَيْرٍ شَاةً[4].

I sent a message to Abu Al-Hasan (as) asking about my brother, who had purchased pigeons in Medina. We took them with us to Mecca, performed ‘Umrah, stayed until Hajj, and then brought the pigeons with us from Mecca to Kufa. Is there any obligation upon us for this? Imam (as) replied to the messenger: "I believe they w

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about purchasing doves in Mecca and Medina. Imam (as) said: "I do not like that anything be taken out from them."

انْتِفْهَا وَ أَحْسِنْ عَلَفَهَا[3] حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَوَى رِيشُهَا فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهَا.

Hadith.2359 - Hariz narrated from Zurara that Al-Hakam asked Abu Ja‘far (as) about a man who was gifted a pigeon with clipped wings in the Haram. Imam (as) said: "Pluck its feathers, feed it well, and when its feathers have grown back, release it."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أُهْدِيَ لَهُ حَمَامٌ أَهْلِيٌّ وَ جِي‌ءَ بِهِ وَ هُوَ فِي الْحَرَمِ مُحِلٌّ قَالَ إِنْ أَصَابَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً فَلْيَتَصَدَّقْ مَكَانَهُ بِنَحْوٍ مِنْ ثَمَنِهِ‌[4].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who was gifted domestic pigeons while he was in the Haram and in a state of being non-muhrim. Imam (as) said: "If he takes any of them, he should give charity equivalent to its value."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌[5] عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَمَى صَيْداً فِي الْحِلِّ وَ هُوَ يَؤُمُّ الْحَرَمَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْبَرِيدِ وَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَأَصَابَهُ فِي الْحِلِّ فَمَضَى بِرَمْيَتِهِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ فَمَاتَ مِنْ رَمْيَتِهِ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ جَزَاءٌ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ جَزَاءٌ إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ ذَلِكَ مَثَلُ مَنْ نَصَبَ شَرَكاً فِي الْحِلِّ إِلَى جَانِبِ الْحَرَمِ فَوَقَعَ فِيهِ صَيْدٌ فَاضْطَرَبَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْحَ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who hunted an animal in the Ḥill (permissible area) while heading towards the Haram, in the area between the post station and the mosque. He struck it in the Ḥill, but the hunted animal moved towards the Haram and died there. I asked if he would be liable for a penalty. Imam (as) r

اسْتَوْدِعُوهُ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ- مُسْلِماً أَوِ امْرَأَةً مُسْلِمَةً فَإِذَا اسْتَوَى‌ خَلَّوْا سَبِيلَهُ‌[1].

Hadith.2362 - Al-Muthanna narrated from Karib al-Sayrafi: We were a group who collectively purchased a bird, clipped its feathers, and entered Makkah with it. The people of Makkah disapproved of this action. Karib sent someone to Abu Abdullah (as) to inquire about it. Imam (as) said: "Entrust it to a Muslim man or woma

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ نَتَفَ حَمَامَةً مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ‌[2] فَقَالَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِصَدَقَةٍ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ وَ يُعْطِي بِالْيَدِ الَّتِي نَتَفَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَوْجَعَهُ.

Hadith.2363 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Ibrahim ibn Maymun: I said to Abu Abdullah (as), "A man plucked the feathers of a pigeon from the pigeons of the Haram." Imam (as) replied: "He should give charity to a needy person and with the hand that plucked the feathers, for he has caused it pain."

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أُهْدِيَ لَنَا طَيْرٌ مَذْبُوحٌ بِمَكَّةَ فَأَكَلَهُ أَهْلُنَا فَقَالَ لَا يَرَى بِهِ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ بَأْساً قُلْتُ فَأَيَّ شَيْ‌ءٍ تَقُولُ أَنْتَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِمْ ثَمَنُهُ.

Hadith.2364 - Safwan narrated from Mansur ibn Hazim: I said to Abu Abdullah (as), "A slaughtered bird was gifted to us in Mecca, and our family ate it." Imam (as) replied: "The people of Mecca see no harm in it." I asked: "What do you say about it?" Imam (as) said: "They are liable for its price."

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ لَا يُذْبَحُ الصَّيْدُ فِي الْحَرَمِ وَ إِنْ صِيدَ فِي الْحِلِّ.

Hadith.2365 - Safwan narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan: Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Hunting is not to be slaughtered in the Sacred Sanctuary (Haram), even if it was hunted in the permissible (Hil)."

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ فِي حَمَامِ مَكَّةَ الطَّيْرُ الْأَهْلِيُّ مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ‌[4] مَنْ ذَبَحَ مِنْهُ طَيْراً فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ‌ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ثَمَنِهِ‌[1] فَإِنْ كَانَ مُحْرِماً فَشَاةٌ عَنْ كُلِّ طَيْرٍ.

Hadith.2366 - Al-Nadr narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: "For the pigeons of Mecca and the domesticated birds from the pigeons of the Sacred Sanctuary (Haram), whoever slaughters a bird from them must give charity greater than its value. If the person was in the state of Ihram, then a shee

لَا يُؤْخَذُ وَ لَا يُمَسُّ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- وَ مَنْ دَخَلَهُ كانَ آمِناً.

Hadith.2367 - Muawiyah ibn Ammar asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a domesticated bird that entered the Sacred Sanctuary (Haram). Imam (as) replied: "It should not be taken or touched because Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'And whoever enters it shall be safe.'"

لَا يُؤْخَذُ وَ لَا يُمَسُّ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- وَ مَنْ دَخَلَهُ كانَ آمِناً.

Hadith.2368 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked one of the Imams (as) about a gazelle entering the Sacred Sanctuary (Haram). Imam (as) replied: "It should not be taken or touched because Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'And whoever enters it shall be safe.'"

تَصَدَّقْ بِكَفَّيْنِ مِنْ دَقِيقٍ قَالَ فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بَعْدُ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ لِي ع عَلَيْهِ ثَمَنُ طَيْرَيْنِ يُطْعِمُ بِهِ حَمَامَ الْحَرَمِ فَلَقِيتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْحَسَنِ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ خُذْ بِهِ فَإِنَّهُ أَخَذَ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع.

"There was a basket near my house containing two eggs of the Sacred Sanctuary’s pigeons. My servant, unaware of the eggs, overturned the basket, breaking them. I went out and met Abdullah ibn al-Hasan, and I mentioned this to him. He said: 'Give in charity two handfuls of flour.' Later, I met Abu Abdullah (as) and info

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي أَتَسَحَّرُ بِفِرَاخٍ أُتِيَ بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَكَّةَ فَتُذْبَحُ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَأَتَسَحَّرُ بِهَا فَقَالَ بِئْسَ السَّحُورُ سَحُورُكَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ مَا أَدْخَلْتَ بِهِ الْحَرَمَ حَيّاً فَقَدْ حَرُمَ عَلَيْكَ ذَبْحُهُ وَ إِمْسَاكُهُ‌[3].

Hadith.2370 - Shihab ibn Abd Rabbihi narrated: "I said to Abu Abdullah (as): 'I partake in Suhoor with chicks brought from outside Mecca, which are slaughtered in the Sacred Sanctuary, and I partake in Suhoor with them.' Imam (as) replied: 'What an evil Suhoor is your Suhoor! Do you not know that whatever you bring int

يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَقْتُلْهُنَّ وَ لَا تُؤْذِهِنَّ فَإِنَّهُنَّ لَا يُؤْذِينَ شَيْئاً.

"I was with Ali ibn al-Husayn (as) in the Sacred Sanctuary, and he saw me troubling the swallows. Imam (as) said: 'O my son, do not kill them and do not harm them, for they do not harm anything.'"

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ فَرْخَيْنِ مُسَرْوَلَيْنِ‌[2] ذَبَحْتُهُمَا وَ أَنَا بِمَكَّةَ فَقَالَ لِي لِمَ ذَبَحْتَهُمَا فَقُلْتُ جَاءَتْنِي بِهِمَا جَارِيَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فَسَأَلَتْنِي أَنْ أَذْبَحَهُمَا فَظَنَنْتُ أَنِّي بِالْكُوفَةِ وَ لَمْ أَذْكُرِ الْحَرَمَ قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِقِيمَتِهِمَا قُلْتُ كَمْ قَالَ دِرْهَماً وَ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُمَا.

Hadith.2372 - Abdul Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj narrated: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about two young birds dressed in feathers that I slaughtered while I was in Mecca. Imam (as) said to me: 'Why did you slaughter them?' I replied: 'A girl from the people of Mecca brought them to me and asked me to slaughter them, and I though

يَرُدُّهُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ.

Hadith.2373 - Zurara narrated: He asked (Imam (as)) about a man who took a bird from Mecca to Kufa. The Imam (as) said: "He must return it to Mecca."

لِغُلَامٍ لَنَا هَيِّئْ لَنَا غَدَاءَنَا فَأَخَذَ لَنَا مِنْ أَطْيَارِ مَكَّةَ فَذَبَحَهَا وَ طَبَخَهَا فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ ادْفِنْهُنَّ وَ افْدِ عَنْ كُلِّ طَيْرٍ مِنْهُنَّ.

Hadith.2374 - Al-Muthanna narrated from Muhammad ibn Abi al-Hakam: He said: I told a servant of ours, "Prepare our meal." So he took birds from Mecca, slaughtered them, and cooked them. I went to Abu Abdullah (as), and Imam (as) said: "Bury them and offer compensation (fidya) for each bird among them."

عَلَيْهِ شَاةٌ وَ قِيمَةُ الْحَمَامِ دِرْهَمٌ يَعْلِفُ بِهِ حَمَامَ الْحَرَمِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فَرْخاً فَعَلَيْهِ حَمَلٌ وَ قِيمَةُ الْفَرْخِ نِصْفُ دِرْهَمٍ يَعْلِفُ بِهِ حَمَامَ الْحَرَمِ.

Hadith.2375 - Ali ibn Abi Hamzah narrated from Abi Basir, from Abi Abdullah (as): Regarding a man who killed a bird of the sanctuary while he was in a state of ihram within the Haram, Imam (as) said: "He must offer a sheep as compensation, and the value of the bird is one dirham, with which he should feed the pigeons o

وَ رَوَى الْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ لَا تَشْتَرِيَنَّ فِي الْحَرَمِ إِلَّا مَذْبُوحاً قَدْ ذُبِحَ فِي الْحِلِّ ثُمَّ جِي‌ءَ بِهِ إِلَى الْحَرَمِ مَذْبُوحاً فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ لِلْحَلَالِ‌[3].

Hadith.2376 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abi Abdullah (as): "Do not purchase [meat] in the Haram unless it has been slaughtered in the Hill (outside the Haram) and then brought to the Haram after being slaughtered; in such a case, there is no issue with it for someone who is not in a state of ihram."

تَصَدَّقْ بِثَمَنِهَا[4].

Hadith.2377 - Sa'id ibn Abdullah Al-A'raj asked Abu Abdullah (as) about an ostrich egg that he ate while in the Haram. Imam (as) replied: "Give in charity the equivalent of its price."

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي قِيمَةِ الْحَمَامَةِ دِرْهَمٌ وَ فِي الْفَرْخِ نِصْفُ دِرْهَمٍ وَ فِي الْبَيْضَةِ رُبُعُ دِرْهَمٍ‌[5].

Hadith.2378 - Abdul Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj narrated that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "The value of a pigeon is one dirham, the value of a chick is half a dirham, and the value of an egg is a quarter of a dirham."