Marriage

وَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌[7] أَنْ تُنْكَحَ الْحُرَّةُ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ وَ لَا تُنْكَحَ الْأَمَةُ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ[8] وَ مَنْ تَزَوَّجَ حُرَّةً عَلَى أَمَةٍ قَسَمَ لِلْحُرَّةِ ضِعْفَيْ مَا يَقْسِمُ‌

Hadith.4477 - Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled: "A free woman may be married before a bondwoman, but a bondwoman may not be married before a free woman." If a man marries a free woman along with a bondwoman, he must allocate to the free woman twice as much from his wealth and time as he allocates to the bondwoman,

يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ يُضْرَبُ ثُمُنَ الْحَدِّ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ سَوْطاً وَ نِصْفاً فَإِنْ رَضِيَتِ الْمُسْلِمَةُ ضُرِبَ ثُمُنَ الْحَدِّ وَ لَمْ يُفَرَّقْ بَيْنَهُمَا قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يُضْرَبُ النِّصْفَ قَالَ يُؤْخَذُ السَّوْطُ بِالنِّصْفِ فَيُضْرَبُ بِهِ‌[3].

Hadith.4478 - Imam Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who married a Dhimmi woman (non-Muslim under Muslim protection) while already married to a Muslim woman. Imam (as) said: "They should be separated, and he should be given one-eighth of the prescribed punishment, which amounts to twelve and a half lashes. Howeve

لَا يَتَزَوَّجِ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ الْمُهَاجِرَةَ فَيُخْرِجَهَا مِنْ دَارِ الْهِجْرَةِ إِلَى الْأَعْرَابِ‌[1].

Hadith.4479 - Imam Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "An Arab man should not marry a Muhajira woman (a woman who migrated for the sake of faith) and then take her out of the land of migration to the land of the Arabs."

قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ يَتَزَوَّجُ أُخْرَى أَ لَهُ أَنْ يُفَضِّلَهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ كَانَتْ بِكْراً فَسَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ ثَيِّباً فَثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ‌[2].

Hadith.4480 - Muhammad ibn Muslim reported: I asked Imam Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who already has a wife and then marries another woman. I asked: "Is it permissible for him to give preference to her (the new wife)?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, if she is a virgin, then seven days; and if s

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ فَهُوَ يَبِيتُ عِنْدَ ثَلَاثٍ مِنْهُنَّ فِي لَيَالِيهِنَّ وَ يَمَسُّهُنَّ فَإِذَا بَاتَ عِنْدَ الرَّابِعَةِ فِي لَيْلَتِهَا لَمْ يَمَسَّهَا فَهَلْ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذَا إِثْمٌ قَالَ إِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَبِيتَ عِنْدَهَا فِي لَيْلَتِهَا وَ يَظَلَّ عِنْدَهَا صَبِيحَتَهَا وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُجَامِعَهَا إِذَا لَمْ يُرِدْ

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who has four wives and spends the night with three of them during their respective nights, and he has relations with them. However, when he spends the night with the fourth one on her night, he does not have relations with her. Is there any sin upon him in this matter? Imam (as) sa

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ امْرَأَتَانِ إِحْدَاهُمَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْأُخْرَى قَالَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهَا ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ وَ الْأُخْرَى لَيْلَةً فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ أَرْبَعَ نِسْوَةٍ كَانَ لِكُلِّ امْرَأَةٍ لَيْلَةٌ فَلِذَلِكَ كَانَ لَهُ أَنْ يُفَضِّلَ بَعْضَهُنَّ عَلَى بَعْضٍ مَا لَمْ يَكُنَّ أَرْبَعاً[2].

I asked him about a man who has two wives, one of whom is more beloved to him than the other. Imam (as) said: "He may spend three nights with her and one night with the other. However, if he wishes to marry four wives, then each wife is entitled to one night. Therefore, it is permissible for him to prefer some of them

تَزَوَّجِ الْأَمَةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ وَ لَا تَزَوَّجِ الْأَمَةَ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ وَ تَزَوَّجِ الْحُرَّةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجْتَ الْحُرَّةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ فَلِلْحُرَّةِ الثُّلُثَانِ وَ لِلْأَمَةِ الثُّلُثُ وَ لَيْلَتَانِ وَ لَيْلَةٌ

إِنَّ ضُرَيْساً كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ ابْنَةُ حُمْرَانَ فَجَعَلَ لَهَا أَنْ لَا يَتَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَا يَتَسَرَّى عَلَيْهَا أَبَداً فِي حَيَاتِهَا وَ لَا بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا عَلَى أَنْ جَعَلَتْ هِيَ أَنْ لَا تَتَزَوَّجَ بَعْدَهُ وَ جَعَلَا عَلَيْهِمَا مِنَ الْحَجِّ وَ الْهَدْيِ وَ النُّذُورِ وَ كُلَّ مَالٍ لَهُمَا يَمْلِكَانِهِ فِي الْمَسَاكِينِ وَ كُلَّ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهُمَا حُرّاً إِنْ لَمْ يَفِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا ل

Durais had married the daughter of Humran, and he made a condition for her that he would neither marry another wife nor take a concubine over her, neither during her lifetime nor after her death. In return, she made a condition that she would not marry anyone after him. They also pledged that if either of them failed t

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْوَلَدَ الزِّنَى فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِنَّمَا يُكْرَهُ مَخَافَةَ الْعَارِ[2] وَ إِنَّمَا الْوَلَدُ لِلصُّلْبِ وَ إِنَّمَا الْمَرْأَةُ وِعَاءٌ- قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي الْجَارِيَةَ الْوَلَدَ الزِّنَى فَيَطَؤُهَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌[3].

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who marries a child born of fornication. He (as) said: "There is no harm in it. It is only disliked due to the fear of disgrace. Indeed, the child belongs to the father, and the woman is merely a vessel." I said: What about a man who buys a bondwoman born of fornication and has rel

قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ ادَّعَى أَنَّهُ خَطَبَ امْرَأَةً إِلَى نَفْسِهَا وَ مَازَحَ فَزَوَّجَتْهُ مِنْ نَفْسِهَا وَ هِيَ مَازِحَةٌ فَسُئِلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ قُلْتُ فَيَحِلُّ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ‌[5].

I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as): What do you say about a man who claimed that he proposed to a woman, and jokingly, she married herself to him while also joking? Then the woman was asked about this, and she said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "It is nothing." I asked: Is it permissible for the man to marry her? Imam (as) said: "Yes

لَهُ كَمْ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْعَبْدُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبِي ع قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَا يَزِيدُ عَلَى امْرَأَتَيْنِ‌[6].

Hadith.4487 - Hammad ibn Isa asked Abu Abdillah (as) about how many wives can a slave marry? He (as) said: My father (as) said that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "He may not marry more than two wives."

وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ : "يَتَزَوَّجُ اَلْعَبْدُ حُرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ إِمَاءٍ أَوْ أَمَتَيْنِ وَ حُرَّةً". Hadith.4488 - And in another narration: "A slave may marry two free women, or four bondwomen, or two bondwomen and one free woman."

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَمَرَ رَجُلًا أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ امْرَأَةً بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ سَمَّاهَا لَهُ وَ الَّذِي أَمَرَهُ بِالْعِرَاقِ فَخَرَجَ الْمَأْمُورُ فَزَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ‌[3] ثُمَّ قَدِمَ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَوَجَدَ الَّذِي أَمَرَهُ قَدْ مَاتَ قَالَ يُنْظَرُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَأْمُورُ زَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ الْآمِرُ ثُمَّ مَاتَ الْآمِرُ بَعْدَهُ فَإِنَّ الْمَهْرَ فِي جَ

Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a man who instructed another man to marry a woman for him in Medina, specifying her by name, while the one giving the instruction was in Iraq. The one instructed went and married her to him. Then he returned to Iraq and found that the one who had given the instruction had died. Imam (a

سَأَلْتُ‌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ وَ لَهَا ابْنَةٌ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ أَ يُزَوِّجُ ابْنَهُ ابْنَتَهَا قَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مِنْ زَوْجٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مِنْ زَوْجٍ بَعْدَ مَا تَزَوَّجَهَا فَلَا[1].

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who marries a woman, and she has a daughter from another man. Can he marry his son to her daughter? Imam (as) said: "If the daughter is from a husband she had before he married her, then there is no harm. But if the daughter is from a husband she had after he married her, then no,

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى بُسْتَانٍ لَهُ مَعْرُوفٍ وَ لَهُ غَلَّةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ ثُمَّ مَكَثَ سِنِينَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَالَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى مَا صَارَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ غَلَّةِ الْبُسْتَانِ مِنْ يَوْمِ تَزَوَّجَهَا فَيُعْطِيهَا نِصْفَهُ وَ يُعْطِيهَا نِصْفَ الْبُسْتَانِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَعْفُوَ فَتَقْبَلَ مِنْهُ وَ يَصْطَلِحَانِ عَلَى شَيْ‌ءٍ تَرْضَى بِهِ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ‌ أَقْرَبُ لِلتّ

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who married a woman with the condition of giving her a well-known orchard that had abundant produce. Then, after remaining for years without consummating the marriage, he divorced her. Imam (as) said: "He must look at what the orchard has yielded in produce from the day he married

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَتَزَوَّجُ امْرَأَةً عَلَى عَبْدٍ لَهُ وَ امْرَأَةٍ لِلْعَبْدِ فَسَاقَهُمَا إِلَيْهَا فَمَاتَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَبْدِ عِنْدَ الْمَرْأَةِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ قَوَّمَهَا عَلَيْهَا يَوْمَ تَزَوَّجَهَا بِقِيمَةٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُقَوَّمُ الثَّانِي بِقِيمَةٍ ثُمَّ يُنْظَرُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الْقِيمَةِ الْأُولَى الَّتِي تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَيْهَا فَتَرُدُّ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَ

I asked him about a man who married a woman on the basis of giving her his slave and the slave's wife, and he delivered them to her. Then the slave's wife died while in the possession of the woman, and afterward, he divorced her before consummating the marriage. Imam (as) said: "If he had evaluated their worth for her

سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ جَارِيَةً بِكْراً لَمْ تُدْرِكْ‌[5] فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ بِهَا اقْتَضَّهَا فَأَفْضَاهَا[6]- فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا حِينَ دَخَلَ بِهَا وَ لَهَا تِسْعُ سِنِينَ فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ‌[1] وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَمْ تَبْلُغْ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ أَوْ كَانَ لَهَا أَقَلُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِقَلِيلٍ حِينَ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَاقْتَضَّهَا فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَفْسَدَهَا وَ عَطَّلَهَا عَلَى الْأَزْوَاجِ فَعَلَى الْإِمَام

Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a man who married a young bondwoman who was a virgin and had not yet reached maturity. When he consummated the marriage, he deflowered her and caused her to lose her virginity completely. Imam (as) said: "If he consummated the marriage with her when she was nine years old, then there i

الْمَاءُ لِلرَّجُلِ يَصْرِفُهُ حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ[3].

Hadith.4494 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about withdrawal (coitus interruptus). Imam (as) said: "The semen belongs to the man; he may direct it wherever he wishes."

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ الْمَرْأَةُ تُرَدُّ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْيَاءَ مِنَ الْبَرَصِ وَ الْجُذَامِ وَ الْجُنُونِ وَ الْقَرَنِ وَ الْعَفَلِ‌[4] مَا لَمْ يَقَعْ عَلَيْهَا فَإِذَا وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَلَا.

Abu Abdillah (as) said: "A woman can be returned (in marriage) for four reasons; leprosy, vitiligo, insanity, and genital defects (imperforation or obstruction), as long as the marriage has not been consummated. However, if consummation has taken place, then she cannot be returned."

لَا يَرُدَّهَا إِنَّمَا يُرَدُّ النِّكَاحُ مِنَ الْجُنُونِ وَ الْجُذَامِ وَ الْبَرَصِ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ لَهَا الْمَهْرُ بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا وَ يَغْرَمُ وَلِيُّهَا الَّذِي أَنْكَحَهَا مِثْلَ مَا سَاقَهُ‌[1].

Hadith.4496 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who married a woman from a family and later found her to be one-eyed, but they had not disclosed this to him. Does he have the right to return her? Imam (as) said: "He cannot return her. Marriage can only be annulled for r

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ تُرَدُّ الْعَمْيَاءُ وَ الْبَرْصَاءُ وَ الْجَذْمَاءُ وَ الْعَرْجَاءُ[2].

Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: "A blind woman, a woman with vitiligo, a woman with leprosy, and a lame woman can be returned (marriage contract can be annulled due to these conditions)."

فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ إِلَى قَوْمٍ فَإِذَا امْرَأَتُهُ عَوْرَاءُ وَ لَمْ يُبَيِّنُوا لَهُ قَالَ لَا تُرَدُّ إِنَّمَا يُرَدُّ النِّكَاحُ مِنَ الْبَرَصِ وَ الْجُذَامِ وَ الْجُنُونِ وَ الْعَفَلِ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ دَخَلَ بِهَا كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ بِمَهْرِهَا قَالَ الْمَهْرُ لَهَا بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا وَ يَغْرَمُ وَلِيُّهَا الَّذِي أَنْكَحَهَا مِثْلَ مَا سَاقَ إِلَيْهَا.

Hadith.4498 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said regarding a man who marries into a family and finds that his wife is one-eyed, and they did not disclose this to him: "She cannot be returned. Only marriage can be annulled due to vitiligo, leprosy, insanity, or defects of the genitalia (imp

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَوَجَدَهَا قَرْنَاءَ قَالَ هَذِهِ لَا تَحْبَلُ‌[3] تُرَدُّ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلِمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُجَامِعَهَا ثُمَّ جَامَعَهَا فَقَدْ رَضِيَ بِهَا وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِهَا إِلَّا بَعْدَ مَا جَامَعَهَا فَإِنْ شَاءَ بَعْدُ أَمْسَكَهَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ سَرَّحَهَا إِلَى أَهْلِهَا وَ لَهَا مَا أَخَذَتْ مِنْهُ بِ

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who married a woman and later found her to have a genital defect (imperforation or obstruction). Imam (as) said: "Such a woman cannot conceive and should be returned to her family." I said: What if he had already consummated the marriage with her? Imam (as) said: "If he knew about

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع رَجُلٌ زَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَرَغِبَ فِيهِ ثُمَّ زَهِدَ فِيهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ ابْنَتِهِ وَ أَبَى الْخَتَنُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يُجِبْ إِلَى الطَّلَاقِ فَأَخَذَهُ بِمَهْرِ ابْنَتِهِ لِيُجِيبَ إِلَى الطَّلَاقِ وَ مَذْهَبُ الْأَبِ التَّخَلُّصُ مِنْهُ‌[2] فَلَمَّا أُخِذَ بِالْمَهْرِ أَجَابَ إِلَى الطَّلَاقِ فَكَتَبَ ع إِنْ كَانَ الزُّهْدُ مِن

I wrote to Abu al-Hasan (as) about a man who had married his daughter to another man. Initially, he was pleased with him, but later he lost interest in him and wished to separate his daughter from him. However, the son-in-law refused to comply and did not agree to divorce her. The father then demanded the dowry of his

مَا دَامَ الْوَلَدُ فِي الرَّضَاعِ فَهُوَ بَيْنَ الْأَبَوَيْنِ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ[6] فَإِذَا فُطِمَ فَالْأَبُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فَإِذَا مَاتَ الْأَبُ فَالْأُمُّ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنَ الْعَصَبَةِ وَ إِنْ وَجَدَ الْأَبُ مَنْ يُرْضِعُهُ‌ بِأَرْبَعَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَقَالَتِ الْأُمُّ لَا أُرْضِعُهُ إِلَّا بِخَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَإِنَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا أَنَّ خَيْراً لَهُ وَ أَرْفَقَ بِهِ أَنْ يَذَرَهُ مَعَ

Hadith.4501 - Al-Abbas ibn Amir al-Qasbani narrated from Dawud ibn al-Husayn, from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "And the mothers shall suckle their children for two full years." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:233) Imam (as) said: "As long as the child is being nursed, the parents

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَدٌ أَيُّهُمَا أَحَقُّ بِهِ قَالَ الْمَرْأَةُ مَا لَمْ تَتَزَوَّجْ.

I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who divorced his wife, and they had a child between them. Which of them has more right to the child? Imam (as) said: "The mother, as long as she does not remarry."

أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ حُرَّةٍ تَزَوَّجَتْ عَبْداً فَوَلَدَتْ مِنْهُ أَوْلَاداً فَهِيَ أَحَقُّ بِوُلْدِهَا مِنْهُ وَ هُمْ أَحْرَارٌ فَإِذَا أُعْتِقَ الرَّجُلُ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِوُلْدِهِ مِنْهَا لِمَوْضِعِ الْأَبِ.

"Any free woman who marries a slave and bears children from him, she has more right to her children than he does, and the children are free. However, if the man is emancipated, then he has more right to his children than she does because of his position as their father."

كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ ع بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ أَنَّهُ كَانَتْ لِيَ امْرَأَةٌ وَ لِي مِنْهَا وَلَدٌ وَ خَلَّيْتُ سَبِيلَهَا فَكَتَبَ ع الْمَرْأَةُ أَحَقُّ بِالْوَلَدِ إِلَى أَنْ يَبْلُغَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَشَاءَ الْمَرْأَةُ[3].

One of his (as) companions wrote to him, saying: "I had a wife, and I have a child from her, but I divorced her." Imam (as) wrote in reply: "The mother has more right to the child until the child reaches seven years of age, unless the mother chooses otherwise."

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ص‌ مُبَاشَرَةُ الْمَرْأَةِ ابْنَتَهَا إِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتَّ سِنِينَ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الزِّنَا[1].

"Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "A woman touching her daughter in an inappropriate manner once she has reached six years of age is a form of indecency (a branch of fornication)."

سَأَلَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فَقَالَ لَهُ عِنْدِي جُوَيْرِيَةٌ[2] لَيْسَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهَا رَحِمٌ وَ لَهَا سِتُّ سِنِينَ قَالَ لَا تَضَعْهَا فِي حَجْرِكَ‌[3].

Hadith.4506 - Abdullah ibn Yahya al-Kahili narrated that Ahmad ibn al-Numan asked Abu Abdillah (as): "I have a young bondwoman who is not related to me by blood, and she is six years old." Imam (as) said: "Do not place her in your lap."

يُؤْخَذُ الْغُلَامُ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ وَ لَا تُغَطِّي الْمَرْأَةُ شَعْرَهَا مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَحْتَلِمَ.

"A boy is instructed to perform prayer when he is seven years old, and a woman is not required to cover her hair in front of him until he reaches puberty."

رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّهُ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَ الصِّبْيَانِ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ لِسِتِّ سِنِينَ‌[4].

Hadith.4508 - It is narrated: "Children should be separated in their sleeping arrangements at the age of six years."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ الصَّبِيُّ وَ الصَّبِيُّ وَ الصَّبِيُّ وَ الصَّبِيَّةُ وَ الصَّبِيَّةُ وَ الصَّبِيَّةُ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ لِعَشْرِ سِنِينَ‌[1].

The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "A boy and a boy, a boy and a girl, and a girl and a girl should be separated in their sleeping arrangements at the age of ten years."

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ سِتَّ سِنِينَ فَلَا يُقَبِّلُهَا الْغُلَامُ وَ الْغُلَامُ لَا يُقَبِّلُ الْمَرْأَةَ إِذَا جَازَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ.

Hadith.4510 - In a narration from Muhammad ibn Ahmad, from Al-Ubaydi, from Zakariya al-Mu'min, who raised it to Abu Abdillah (as), he said: "When a girl reaches six years of age, a boy should not kiss her, and a boy should not kiss a woman once he passes seven years of age."

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْحُرِّ أَ تُحْصِنُهُ الْمَمْلُوكَةُ قَالَ لَا تُحْصِنُ الْحُرَّ الْمَمْلُوكَةُ وَ لَا يُحْصِنُ الْمَمْلُوكُ الْحُرَّةَ[3] وَ النَّصْرَانِيُّ يُحْصِنُ الْيَهُودِيَّةَ وَ الْيَهُودِيُّ يُحْصِنُ النَّصْرَانِيَّةَ.

I asked Imam (as) whether a bondwoman provides legal protection (iḥṣan) for a free man. Imam (as) said: "A bondwoman does not provide legal protection for a free man, nor does a slave man provide legal protection for a free woman. However, a Christian man provides legal protection for a Jewish woman, and a Jewish man p

هُنَّ ذَوَاتُ الْأَزْوَاجِ قُلْتُ‌ وَ الْمُحْصَناتُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ‌ قَالَ هُنَّ الْعَفَائِفُ‌[4].

Hadith.4512 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "And [forbidden to you are] married women" (Surah An-Nisa 4:24). Imam (as) said: "They are those who have husbands." I said: "And [lawful in marriage are] chaste women from among those who were given

جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَ لَهَا تُطِيعُهُ وَ لَا تَعْصِيهِ وَ لَا تَصَدَّقُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا شَيْئاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ لَا تَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ لَا تَمْنَعُهُ نَفْسَهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَى ظَهْرِ قَتَبٍ‌[1] وَ لَا تَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ فَإِنْ خَرَجَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ لَعَنَتْهَا مَلَ

A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), what is the right of a husband over his wife?" Imam (as) said: "She must obey him and not disobey him. She must not give anything in charity from his house except with his permission, and

لَيْسَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ مَعَ زَوْجِهَا أَمْرٌ فِي عِتْقٍ وَ لَا صَدَقَةٍ وَ لَا تَدْبِيرٍ وَ لَا هِبَةٍ وَ لَا نَذْرٍ فِي مَالِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا إِلَّا فِي حَجٍّ أَوْ زَكَاةٍ أَوْ بِرِّ وَالِدَيْهَا أَوْ صِلَةِ قَرَابَتِهَا[3].

"A woman has no authority, alongside her husband, to emancipate (a slave), give charity, make a bequest, give a gift, or make a vow concerning her wealth without her husband's permission, except in matters of Hajj, Zakat, honoring her parents, or maintaining ties with her relatives."

إِنَّ قَوْماً أَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا رَأَيْنَا أُنَاساً يَسْجُدُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَوْ كُنْتُ آمِراً أَحَداً أَنْ‌ يَسْجُدَ لِأَحَدٍ لَأَمَرْتُ الْمَرْأَةَ أَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِزَوْجِهَا[1].

"A group of people came to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah (swt), we have seen people prostrating to one another.' The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: 'If I were to command anyone to prostrate t

إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَتَبَ عَلَى الرِّجَالِ الْجِهَادَ وَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ الْجِهَادَ فَجِهَادُ الرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَبْذُلَ مَالَهُ وَ دَمَهُ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ جِهَادُ الْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَصْبِرَ عَلَى مَا تَرَى مِنْ أَذَى زَوْجِهَا وَ غَيْرَتِهِ‌[2].

"Indeed, Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, has ordained jihad upon men and jihad upon women. The jihad of a man is to spend his wealth and sacrifice his blood until he is killed in the way of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic. And the jihad of a woman is to be patient with what she faces from the harm and jealou

قَالَ ع‌ إِنَّ النَّاجِيَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ قَلِيلٌ وَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ أَقَلُّ وَ أَقَلُ‌[3].

Hadith.4517 - Imam (as) said: "Indeed, those who are saved from among the men are few, and from among the women, even fewer and fewer."

فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ قَالَ: جِهَادُ الْمَرْأَةِ حُسْنُ التَّبَعُّلِ‌[4].

Hadith.4518 - And in another narration, Imam (as) said: "The jihad of a woman is being a good wife."

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ بَاتَتْ وَ زَوْجُهَا عَلَيْهَا سَاخِطٌ فِي حَقٍّ لَمْ تُقْبَلْ مِنْهَا صَلَاةٌ حَتَّى يَرْضَى عَنْهَا[5].

Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Any woman who spends the night while her husband is angry with her over a rightful matter, her prayer will not be accepted until he is pleased with her."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا فَلَا نَفَقَةَ لَهَا حَتَّى تَرْجِعَ‌[6].

The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Any woman who leaves her house without her husband's permission has no right to maintenance until she returns."

قَالَ ع‌ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ تَطَيَّبَتْ لِغَيْرِ زَوْجِهَا لَمْ تُقْبَلْ مِنْهَا صَلَاةٌ حَتَّى تَغْتَسِلَ مِنْ طِيبِهَا كَغُسْلِهَا مِنْ جَنَابَتِهَا[1].

Hadith.4521 - Imam (as) said: "Any woman who applies perfume for someone other than her husband, her prayer will not be accepted until she washes off the perfume as she would wash after a state of major ritual impurity (janabah)."

لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تُجَمِّرَ ثَوْبَهَا إِذَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا[2]

قَالَ ع‌ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ وَضَعَتْ ثَوْبَهَا فِي غَيْرِ مَنْزِلِ زَوْجِهَا أَوْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ لَمْ تَزَلْ فِي لَعْنَةِ اللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ تَرْجِعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا.

Hadith.4523 - Imam (as) said: "Any woman who removes her clothing outside her husband's house or without his permission remains under the curse of Allah (swt) until she returns to her home."

أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ قَالَتْ لِزَوْجِهَا مَا رَأَيْتُ قَطُّ مِنْ وَجْهِكَ خَيْراً[3] فَقَدْ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهَا.

Hadith.4524 - Jamil ibn Darraj narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that he said: "Any woman who says to her husband, 'I have never seen any good from you,' then her deeds are rendered void."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ أَوْصَانِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ع بِالْمَرْأَةِ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي طَلَاقُهَا إِلَّا مِنْ فَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ[4].

Hadith.4525 - Al-Alaa ibn Razin narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt) said: "Archangel Jibril (as) advised me regarding women so much that I thought divorce should not be permissible except in the case of clear indecency."

يُشْبِعُ بَطْنَهَا وَ يَكْسُو جُثَّتَهَا وَ إِنْ جَهِلَتْ غَفَرَ لَهَا.

Hadith.4526 - Ishaq ibn Ammar asked Abu Abdillah (as) about the right of a woman over her husband. Imam (as) said: "He should satisfy her hunger, clothe her body, and if she acts ignorantly, he should forgive her."