قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقُ ع إِيَّاكُمْ أَنْ يُحَاكِمَ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضاً إِلَى أَهْلِ
Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Beware that none of you should take another to judgment before the people of tyranny. Instead, look for a man among you who knows something of our judgments, and appoint him as a judge between you, for indeed I have appointed him as a judge. So refer to him for
لَهُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تُؤَدُّوا الْأَماناتِ إِلى أَهْلِها وَ إِذا حَكَمْتُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ أَنْ تَحْكُمُوا بِالْعَدْلِ قَالَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ[2] أَنْ يَدْفَعَ مَا عِنْدَهُ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ الَّذِي بَعْدَهُ وَ أُمِرَتِ الْأَئِمَّةُ أَنْ يَحْكُمُوا بِالْعَدْلِ وَ أُمِرَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يَتَّبِعُوهُمْ.
Hadith.3217 - Mualla ibn Khunays narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as). He said: I asked Imam (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "Indeed, Allah (swt) commands you to render trusts to their owners and when you judge between people, to judge with justice." (Surah An-Nisa 4:58) Im
إِذَا كُنْتُمْ فِي أَئِمَّةِ جَوْرٍ فَاقْضُوا فِي أَحْكَامِهِمْ[4] وَ لَا تَشْهَرُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ فَتُقْتَلُوا وَ إِنْ تَعَامَلْتُمْ بِأَحْكَامِنَا كَانَ خَيْراً لَكُمْ.
أَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ قَدَّمَ مُؤْمِناً فِي خُصُومَةٍ إِلَى قَاضٍ أَوْ سُلْطَانٍ جَائِرٍ فَقَضَى عَلَيْهِ بِغَيْرِ حُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَدْ شَرِكَهُ فِي الْإِثْمِ[2].
اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَ ما أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَتَحاكَمُوا إِلَى الطَّاغُوتِ وَ قَدْ أُمِرُوا أَنْ يَكْفُرُوا بِهِ الْآيَةَ[3].
Hadith.3220 - Hariz narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (as) that he said: "Any man who has a dispute with his brother over a right, and he calls him to a man from among your brothers to judge between them, but he refuses and insists on taking him to these (unjust judges), is like those about whom Allah (swt), t
قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع[4] الْقُضَاةُ أَرْبَعَةٌ ثَلَاثَةٌ فِي النَّارِ وَ وَاحِدٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ رَجُلٌ قَضَى بِجَوْرٍ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَ رَجُلٌ قَضَى بِجَوْرٍ وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَ رَجُلٌ قَضَى بِحَقٍّ وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَ رَجُلٌ قَضَى بِالْحَقِّ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ قَالَ ع الْحُكْمُ حُكْمَانِ حُكْمُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ حُكْمُ
Hadith.3221 - Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "The judges are four: three are in the Fire, and one is in Paradise. A man who judges unjustly while he knows is in the Fire. A man who judges unjustly while he does not know is in the Fire. A man who judges justly while he does not know is in the F
اتَّقُوا الْحُكُومَةَ فَإِنَّ الْحُكُومَةَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ لِلْإِمَامِ الْعَالِمِ بِالْقَضَاءِ الْعَادِلِ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَنَبِيٍّ أَوْ وَصِيِّ نَبِيٍّ.
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِشُرَيْحٍ يَا شُرَيْحُ قَدْ جَلَسْتَ مَجْلِساً مَا جَلَسَهُ إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ أَوْ وَصِيٌّ نَبِيٍّ أَوْ شَقِيٌ[3].
Hadith.3223 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to Shurayh: "O Shurayh, you have sat in a position that none has sat in except a prophet, the executor of a prophet, or a wretched person."
مَرَّ بِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ أَنَا جَالِسٌ عِنْدَ اَلْقَاضِي بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اَلْغَدِ فَقَالَ لِي "مَا مَجْلِسٌ رَأَيْتُكَ فِيهِ أَمْسِ" قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ هَذَا اَلْقَاضِيَ بِيَ مُكْرِمٌ فَرُبَّمَا جَلَسْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لِي "وَ مَا يُؤْمِنُكَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ اَللَّعْنَةُ فَتَعُمَّكَ مَعَهُ ".
Hadith.3224 - Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated: Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) passed by me while I was sitting with the judge in Madinah. The next day, I went to him, and Imam (as) said to me: "What was the gathering I saw you in yesterday?" I said to Him (as): "May I be your ransom! This judge honors me, s
رُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ إِنَّ شَرَّ الْبِقَاعِ دُورُ الْأُمَرَاءِ الَّذِينَ لَا يَقْضُونَ بِالْحَقِّ.
Hadith.3225 - And it has been narrated in another report: "Indeed, the worst of places are the courts of rulers who do not judge with justice."
إِنَّ النَّوَاوِيسَ[1] شَكَتْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ شِدَّةَ حَرِّهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اسْكُتِي فَإِنَّ مَوَاضِعَ الْقُضَاةِ أَشَدُّ حَرّاً مِنْكِ
ذَاكَ سُحْتٌ[2].
Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a judge between two villages who takes a salary from the ruler for judging. Imam (as) said: "That is unlawful (suht)."
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَدُ اللَّهِ فَوْقَ رَأْسِ الْحَاكِمِ تُرَفْرِفُ بِالرَّحْمَةِ- فَإِذَا حَافَ فِي الْحُكْمِ وَكَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ[1].
Hadith.3228 - Al-Sakuni narrated with his chain of transmission that Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "The hand of Allah (swt) hovers with mercy above the head of the judge. But if he deviates in judgment, Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, leaves him to himself."
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع مَنْ حَكَمَ فِي دِرْهَمَيْنِ فَأَخْطَأَ كَفَرَ[2].
Hadith.3229 - It is narrated from Abu Basir that Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad Al-Baqir (as) said: "Whoever judges in a matter of two dirhams and errs has disbelieved."
أَيُّ قَاضٍ قَضَى بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ فَأَخْطَأَ سَقَطَ أَبْعَدَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ[4].
قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّ مَا أَخْطَأَتِ الْقُضَاةُ فِي دَمٍ أَوْ قَطْعٍ فَهُوَ عَلَى بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.
يُنْظَرُ إِلَى أَفْقَهِهِمَا وَ أَعْلَمِهِمَا بِأَحَادِيثِنَا وَ أَوْرَعِهِمَا فَيَنْفُذُ حُكْمُهُ وَ لَا يُلْتَفَتُ إِلَى الْآخَرِ[3].
Hadith.3232 - It is narrated from Dawud ibn al-Husayn, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding two men who appointed two just individuals between them to judge a dispute, and they both agreed to the judgment of these two just individuals. However, the two just individuals disagreed in their judgment. Imam (as) said: "The one
قُلْتُ فِي رَجُلَيْنِ اِخْتَارَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا رَجُلاً فَرَضِيَا أَنْ يَكُونَا اَلنَّاظِرَيْنِ فِي حَقِّهِمَا فَاخْتَلَفَا فِيمَا حَكَمَا وَ كِلاَهُمَا اِخْتَلَفَ فِي حَدِيثِنَا قَالَ "اَلْحُكْمُ مَا حَكَمَ بِهِ أَعْدَلُهُمَا وَ أَفْقَهُهُمَا وَ أَصْدَقُهُمَا فِي اَلْحَدِيثِ وَ أَوْرَعُهُمَا وَ لاَ يُلْتَفَتُ إِلَى مَا يَحْكُمُ بِهِ اَلْآخَرُ، " قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُمَا عَدْلاَنِ مَرْضِيَّانِ عِنْدَ أَصْحَا
I asked about two men who each selected a person and agreed that they would act as arbiters regarding their rights. However, they disagreed in their judgments, and both differed in their understanding of our traditions. Imam (as) said: "The ruling should be based on the judgment of the one who is more just, more knowle
مَنِ ابْتُلِيَ بِالْقَضَاءِ فَلَا يَقْضِيَنَّ وَ هُوَ غَضْبَانُ[2]
إِذَا كَانَ الْحَاكِمُ يَقُولُ لِمَنْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ لِمَنْ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ مَا تَقُولُ مَا تَرَى فَعَلَى ذَلِكَ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَ الْمَلائِكَةِ وَ النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ* أَلَّا يَقُومُ[3] مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ وَ يُجْلِسُهُمَا مَكَانَهُ[4]
لَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَ خَصْمٌ أَنْتَ" قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ "تَحَوَّلْ عَنَّا فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ نَهَى أَنْ يُضَافَ اَلْخَصْمُ إِلاَّ وَ مَعَهُ خَصْمُهُ".
Hadith.3236 - A man stayed as a guest with Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) for a few days. Then he presented a legal dispute to him, which he had not previously mentioned to Imam Ali (as). So Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to him: "Are you a litigant?" He replied: "Yes." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Then leave us,
مَنْ أَنْصَفَ النَّاسَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ رُضِيَ بِهِ حَكَماً لِغَيْرِهِ[3]
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا تَقَاضَى إِلَيْكَ رَجُلَانِ فَلَا تَقْضِ لِلْأَوَّلِ حَتَّى تَسْمَعَ مِنَ الْآخَرِ فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ تَبَيَّنَ لَكَ الْقَضَاءُ[4] قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَمَا زِلْتُ بَعْدَهَا قَاضِياً وَ قَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص اللَّهُمَ فَهِّمْهُ الْقَضَاءَ[1].
Hadith.3238 - It is narrated from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) that Imam (as) said: The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "If two men bring a case before you, do not judge in favor of the first until you hear from the other, for if you do so, the judgment will become clear to you." Imam A
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِشُرَيْحٍ يَا شُرَيْحُ لَا تُسَارَّ أَحَداً فِي مَجْلِسِكَ وَ إِذَا غَضِبْتَ فَقُمْ وَ لَا تَقْضِيَنَّ وَ أَنْتَ غَضْبَانُ[2].
Hadith.3239 - Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to Shurayh: "O Shurayh, do not speak privately with anyone in your court. And if you become angry, stand up and do not pass judgment while you are angry."
قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُقَدَّمَ صَاحِبُ الْيَمِينِ فِي الْمَجْلِسِ بِالْكَلَامِ[3].
"إِذَا تَقَدَّمْتَ مَعَ خَصْمٍ إِلَى وَالٍ أَوْ إِلَى قَاضٍ فَكُنْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ".
"If you appear with an opponent before a governor or a judge, stand to his right."
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَنِ ابْتُلِيَ بِالْقَضَاءِ فَلْيُسَاوِ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الْإِشَارَةِ وَ النَّظَرِ فِي الْمَجْلِسِ[4].
Hadith.3242 - The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Whoever is tested with judging should treat them equally in gestures and glances within the gathering."
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِشُرَيْحٍ[1] يَا شُرَيْحُ انْظُرْ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْمَعْكِ وَ الْمَطْلِ وَ الِاضْطِهَادِ[2] وَ مَنْ يَدْفَعُ حُقُوقَ النَّاسِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَقْدُرَةِ وَ الْيَسَارِ وَ مَنْ يُدْلِي بِأَمْوَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى الْحُكَّامِ[3] فَخُذْ لِلنَّاسِ بِحُقُوقِهِمْ مِنْهُمْ وَ بِعِ الْعَقَارَ وَ الدِّيَارَ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ مَطْلُ الْمُسْلِمِ الْمُوسِرِ ظُلْمٌ لِلْ
Hadith.3243 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Amr ibn Abi al-Miqdam, from his father, from Salamah ibn Kuhayl, from Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), who said to Shurayh: "O Shurayh, observe those who procrastinate, delay payments, oppress others, and deny people their rights despite having wealt
خَمْسَةُ أَشْيَاءَ يَجِبُ عَلَى النَّاسِ الْأَخْذُ فِيهَا بِظَاهِرِ الْحُكْمِ الْوِلَايَاتُ وَ الْمَنَاكِحُ وَ الذَّبَائِحُ وَ الشَّهَادَاتُ وَ الْأَنْسَابُ فَإِذَا كَانَ ظَاهِرُ الرَّجُلِ ظَاهِراً مَأْمُوناً- جَازَتْ شَهَادَتُهُ وَ لَا يُسْأَلُ عَنْ بَاطِنِهِ[1].
Hadith.3244 - In the narration of Yunus ibn Abd al-Rahman, from some of his companions, from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about evidence when it is presented to establish a right-whether it is permissible for the judge to rule based on the testimony of the witnesses. Imam (as) said: "There are five matters in which p
النَّبِيُّ ص يُدْخِلُ الْفِيلَ سَفِينَةً ثُمَّ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ مَبْلَغِ الْمَاءِ مِنَ السَّفِينَةِ فَيُعَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُ الْفِيلَ وَ يُلْقِي فِي السَّفِينَةِ حَدِيداً أَوْ صُفْراً أَوْ مَا شَاءَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَ الْمَوْضِعَ الَّذِي عَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ أَخْرَجَهُ وَ وَزَنَهُ.
Hadith.3245 - In the narration of al-Nadr ibn Suwayd, attributed to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family): A man swore an oath that he would weigh an elephant. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "He should place the elephant in a boat, then observe the water level reached by the boat and mark
أَحَدُ الرَّجُلَيْنِ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي قَيْدِهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَامْرَأَتُهُ طَالِقٌ ثَلَاثاً فَقَالَ الْآخَرُ إِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ كَمَا قُلْتَ فَامْرَأَتُهُ طَالِقٌ ثَلَاثاً فَذَهَبَا إِلَى مَوْلَى الْعَبْدِ وَ هُوَ الْمُقَيِّدُ فَقَالا لَهُ إِنَّا حَلَفْنَا عَلَى كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَحُلَّ قَيْدَ غُلَامِكَ حَتَّى نَزِنَهُ فَقَالَ مَوْلَى الْعَبْدِ امْرَأَتُهُ طَالِقٌ إِنْ حَلَلْتُ قَيْدَ غُلَامِي فَارْتَفَعُوا إِلَى عُ
Hadith.3246 - In the narration of Amr ibn Shimr, from Jafar ibn Ghalib al-Asadi, who reported: Two men were sitting during the time of Umar ibn al-Khattab when a man passed by them in chains. One of the men said: "If there is not such-and-such weight in his chains, then my wife is divorced three times." The other man s
كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ أَنْتَ عَبْدِي قَدِ اشْتَرَيْتُكَ قَالَ يُحْكَمُ بَيْنَهُمَا مِنْ حَيْثُ افْتَرَقَا فَيُذْرَعُ الطَّرِيقُ فَأَيُّهُمَا كَانَ أَقْرَبَ فَالَّذِي أَخَذَ فِيهِ هُوَ الَّذِي سَبَقَ الَّذِي هُوَ أَبْعَدُ[4] وَ إِنْ كَانَا سَوَاءً فَهُمَا رَدٌّ عَلَى مَوَالِيهِمَا[5].
Hadith.3247 - Ahmad ibn A'idh narrated from Abu Salamah, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding two slave men who were authorized to buy and sell with the wealth of their masters. A dispute arose between them, and they fought. Each ran to the master of the other. They were equal in strength. One purchased the other from his
أَعْطِينِي وَدِيعَتِي فَإِنَّ صَاحِبِي قَدْ مَاتَ فَأَبَتْ حَتَّى كَثُرَ اخْتِلَافُهُ إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ أَعْطَتْهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ الْآخَرُ فَقَالَ هَاتِي وَدِيعَتِي قَالَتْ أَخَذَهَا صَاحِبُكَ وَ ذَكَرَ أَنَّكَ قَدْ مِتَّ فَارْتَفَعَا إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ لَهَا عُمَرُ مَا أَرَاكِ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ ضَمِنْتِ فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ اجْعَلْ عَلِيّاً ع بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع هَذِهِ الْ
Hadith.3248 - In the narration of Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Thaqafi: Two men entrusted a woman with a deposit and said to her, "Do not give it to either of us until we both come together to collect it." Then they left and were absent for a while. One of them came to her and said: "Give me my deposit, for my companion has
صَاحِبَةُ الِابْنَةِ الِابْنُ ابْنِي وَ قَالَتْ صَاحِبَةُ الِابْنِ الِابْنُ ابْنِي فَتَحَاكَمَا[3] إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُوزَنَ لَبَنُهُمَا وَ قَالَ أَيَّتُهُمَا كَانَتْ أَثْقَلَ لَبَناً فَالابْنُ لَهَا.
During the time of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), a man had two female slaves, and both gave birth on the same night-one to a son and the other to a daughter. The mother of the daughter took her child and placed her in the cradle that contained the son, and she took the son for herself. The mother of the daughter claimed
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع[4] ضَرَبَ رَجُلٌ رَجُلًا فِي هَامَتِهِ عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَادَّعَى الْمَضْرُوبُ أَنَّهُ لَا يُبْصِرُ بِعَيْنَيْهِ شَيْئاً وَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَشَمُّ رَائِحَةً-
Hadith.3250 - Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: A man struck another man on the head during the time of Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). The injured man claimed that he could no longer see with his eyes, could not smell any fragrance, and had lost his speech, becoming mute. Comma
فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ فَلَمْ يَدْرِ كَيْفَ يَقْضِي فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ اذْهَبْ بِهَا إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَأَتَوْا عَلِيّاً وَ قَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ لِامْرَأَةِ الرَّجُلِ أَ لَكِ بَيِّنَةٌ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ هَؤُلَاءِ جِيرَانِي[2] يَشْهَدْنَ عَلَيْهَا بِمَا أَقُولُ فَأَخْرَجَ عَلِيٌّ ع السَّيْفَ مِنْ غِمْدِهِ وَ طَرَحَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِكُلِّ وَ
A woman was brought before Umar ibn al-Khattab, and witnesses testified against her that she had committed adultery. Her story was that she was an orphan raised in the house of a man who had a wife. The man would frequently be away from home. The orphan grew up to be beautiful, and the man's wife feared that her husban
وُجِدَ عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مَذْبُوحٌ فِي خَرِبَةٍ وَ هُنَاكَ رَجُلٌ بِيَدِهِ سِكِّينٌ مُلَطَّخٌ بِالدَّمِ فَأُخِذَ لِيُؤْتَى بِهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَأَقَرَّ أَنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ خَلُّوا عَنْ هَذَا فَأَنَا قَاتِلُ صَاحِبِكُمْ فَأُخِذَ أَيْضاً وَ أُتِيَ بِهِ مَعَ صَاحِبِهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا قَصُّوا عَلَي
تُوُفِّيَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ خَلَّفَ ابْناً وَ عَبْداً فَادَّعَى كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَنَّهُ الِابْنُ وَ أَنَّ الْآخَرَ عَبْدٌ لَهُ فَأَتَيَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَتَحَاكَمَا إِلَيْهِ فَأَمَرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنْ يُثْقَبَ فِي حَائِطِ الْمَسْجِدِ ثَقْبَيْنِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَنْ يُدْخِلَ رَأْسَهُ فِي ثَقْبٍ فَفَعَلَا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا قَنْبَرُ جَرِّدِ ا
يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي مَظْلُومَةٌ وَ هَذِهِ حُجَّتِي فَقَالَ هَاتِي حُجَّتَكِ فَدَفَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ كِتَاباً فَقَرَأَهُ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةُ تُعْلِمُكُمْ بِيَوْمَ تَزَوَّجَهَا وَ يَوْمَ وَاقَعَهَا وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ جِمَاعُهُ لَهَا[2] رُدُّوا الْمَرْأَةَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ دَعَا عَلِيٌّ ع بِصِبْيَانٍ يَلْعَبُونَ أَتْرَابٍ[3] وَ فِيهِمُ ابْنُهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمُ الْعَبُوا فَلَعِبُوا حَتَّى إِ
A woman was brought before Umar ibn al-Khattab. She had married an old man who died while lying on top of her after consummating the marriage. Later, she gave birth to a child. The old man's sons accused her of adultery and testified against her. Umar ordered that she be stoned. As they were leading her away, they pass
دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع الْمَسْجِدَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ شَابٌّ وَ هُوَ يَبْكِي وَ حَوْلَهُ قَوْمٌ يُسْكِتُونَهُ- فَقَالَ ع مَا أَبْكَاكَ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ شُرَيْحاً قَضَى عَلَيَّ بِقَضِيَّةٍ مَا أَدْرِي مَا هِيَ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرَ خَرَجُوا بِأَبِي مَعَهُمْ فِي سَفَرِهِمْ فَرَجَعُوا وَ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ أَبِي فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْ مَالِهِ فَقَالُوا مَا تَرَكَ مَالًا ف
قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع فِي امْرَأَةٍ أَتَتْهُ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ زَوْجِي وَقَعَ عَلَى جَارِيَتِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي فَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ مَا تَقُولُ فَقَالَ مَا وَقَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِنْ كُنْتِ صَادِقَةً رَجَمْنَاهُ وَ إِنْ كُنْتِ كَاذِبَةً ضَرَبْنَاكِ حَدّاً وَ أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ ع يُصَلِّي فَفَكَّرَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فِي نَفْسِهَا فَلَمْ تَرَ لَهَا فِي رَجْمِ زَوْجِهَا فَرَجاً وَ
Hadith.3256 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) judged in the case of a woman who came to him and said: "My husband has had relations with my bondwoman without my permission." Imam (as) said to the man: "What do you say?" The man replied: "I did not approach her except with her permission." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said:
قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع فِي رَجُلٍ جَاءَ بِهِ رَجُلَانِ فَقَالا إِنَّ هَذَا سَرَقَ دِرْعاً فَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ يُنَاشِدُهُ لَمَّا نَظَرَ فِي الْبَيِّنَةِ[2] وَ جَعَلَ يَقُولُ وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا قَطَعَ يَدِي أَبَداً قَالَ وَ لِمَ قَالَ كَانَ يُخْبِرُهُ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنِّي بَرِيءٌ فَيُبَرِّئُنِي بِبَرَاءَتِي فَلَمَّا رَأَى عَلِيٌّ ع مُنَاشَدَتَهُ إِيَّاهُ دَعَا الشَّاهِدَيْنِ وَ قَالَ لَهُمَا
"This man has stolen a coat of armor." The accused pleaded with Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) to examine the evidence carefully and said: "By Allah (swt), if the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) were here, he would never cut off my hand." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) asked: "Why?" The man replie
رَوَى الْأَصْبَغُ بْنُ نُبَاتَةَ[2] عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ قَضَى أَنْ يُحْجَرَ عَلَى الْغُلَامِ الْمُفْسِدِ حَتَّى يَعْقِلَ وَ قَضَى ع فِي الدَّيْنِ أَنَّهُ يُحْبَسُ صَاحِبُهُ فَإِذَا تَبَيَّنَ إِفْلَاسُهُ وَ الْحَاجَةُ فَيُخَلَّى سَبِيلُهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَفِيدَ مَالًا[3] وَ قَضَى ع فِي الرَّجُلِ يَلْتَوِي عَلَى غُرَمَائِهِ أَنَّهُ يُحْبَسُ ثُمَّ يُؤْمَرُ بِهِ فَيَقْسِمُ مَالَهُ بَيْنَ غُرَمَائِهِ[4] بِ
Hadith.3258 - Al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah narrated from Commander of the Faithful (as) that he ruled: "A corrupt young man should be placed under guardianship until he matures and becomes rational." Imam (as) also ruled regarding debt: "The debtor should be imprisoned. If his insolvency and need are proven, he is released un
لَا يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ أَبَداً إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ أَفْلَسَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ.
Hadith.3259 - Abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who transfers his debt to another man. Imam (as) said: "He cannot revert the debt back to the original debtor under any circumstances, except if the transferee had already declared bankruptcy before the transfer."
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَا يَشْفَعَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي حَدٍّ إِذَا بَلَغَ الْإِمَامَ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَمْلِكُهُ فِيمَا يُشْفَعُ فِيهِ وَ مَا لَمْ يَبْلُغِ الْإِمَامَ فَإِنَّهُ يَمْلِكُهُ فَاشْفَعْ فِيمَا لَمْ يَبْلُغِ الْإِمَامَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ النَّدَمَ وَ اشْفَعْ فِيمَا لَمْ يَبْلُغِ الْإِمَامَ فِي غَيْرِ الْحَدِّ مَعَ رُجُوعِ الْمَشْفُوعِ لَهُ وَ لَا تَشْفَعْ فِي حَقِّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ إِلَّا بِ
Hadith.3260 - Al-Sakuni narrated through his chain of transmission that Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "None of you should intercede in the enforcement of a legal punishment (hadd) once it has reached the Imam, for the Imam has no authority to waive it through intercession. However, before it reaches the Imam, it
يُضْرَبُ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ بَلَغَتْ مِنْهُ مَا بَلَغَتْ فَإِنْ عَاشَ خُلِّدَ فِي الْحَبْسِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ[3].
Hadith.3261 - Safwan ibn Mihran narrated from Amir ibn al-Simt, from Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) regarding a man who commits intercourse with his sister. Imam (as) said: "He is struck with a sword, and whatever injury it causes will be his fate. If he survives, he is to be imprisoned for life until he dies."
هَلْ عَبْدُ الرَّجُلِ إِلَّا كَسَوْطِهِ وَ سَيْفِهِ فَقُتِلَ السَّيِّدُ وَ اسْتُودِعَ الْعَبْدُ السِّجْنَ[1].
Hadith.3262 - Al-Sakuni narrated through his chain of transmission that Commander of the Faithful (as) said regarding a man who ordered his slave to kill another man, and the slave carried out the order: (Imam (as) said) "Is not the slave like his master's whip or sword?" Therefore, the master was executed, and the sla
وَ رُفِعَ ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع[2] أَمَّا وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَمْسَكَ رَجُلًا وَ أَقْبَلَ الْآخَرُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَ الثَّالِثُ فِي الرُّؤْيَةِ يَرَاهُمْ[3] فَقَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع فِي الَّذِي فِي الرُّؤْيَةِ أَنْ تُسْمَلَ عَيْنَاهُ[1] وَ قَضَى فِي الَّذِي أَمْسَكَ أَنْ يُحْبَسَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ كَمَا أَمْسَكَهُ وَ قَضَى فِي الَّذِي قَتَلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ.
Hadith.3263 - Three men were brought before Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). One of them had restrained a man, the second came and killed him, and the third stood watching the act. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled: "The one who stood watching should have his eyes gouged out, The one who restrained the victim should be imp
فِي رِوَايَةِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ[2] أَنَّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ لَا يُخَلَّدُ فِي السِّجْنِ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةٌ الَّذِي يُمْسِكُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ يَحْفَظُهُ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ[3] وَ الْمَرْأَةُ الْمُرْتَدَّةُ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ[4] وَ السَّارِقُ بَعْدَ قَطْعِ الْيَدِ وَ الرِّجْلِ[5].
Hadith.3264 - In the narration of Hammad from Hariz, Abu Abdillah (as) said: "No one is sentenced to life imprisonment except for three: the one who is held for murder and is kept until he is executed, the woman who apostasizes from Islam, and the thief after his hand and foot have been amputated."
عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ الْمَحْبُوسِينَ فِي الدَّيْنِ- يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ وَ يَوْمَ الْعِيدِ إِلَى الْعِيدِ فَيُرْسِلَ مَعَهُمْ فَإِذَا قَضَوُا الصَّلَاةَ وَ الْعِيدَ رَدَّهُمْ إِلَى السِّجْنِ.