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وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : رَجُلٌ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ اِبْنَةَ اِبْنَتِهِ وَ أَخَاهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ لِمَنْ يَكُونُ اَلْمِيرَاثُ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي ذَلِكَ "اَلْمِيرَاثُ لِلْأَقْرَبِ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ".

Hadith.5619 - Muhammad ibn Al-Hasan Al-Saffar (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) wrote to Abu Muhammad Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (as) asking about a man who passed away, leaving behind his daughter's daughter and his full brother. Imam (as) replied: "The inheritance belongs to the closest relative, Allah (swt) wi

"إِنَّ اَلْوَلِيدَ وَ اَلطِّفْلَ لاَ يَحْجُبُكَ وَ لاَ يَرِثُكَ إِلاَّ مَنْ آذَنَ بِالصُّرَاخِ وَ لاَ شَيْءٌ أَكَنَّهُ اَلْبَطْنُ وَ إِنْ تَحَرَّكَ إِلاَّ مَا اِخْتَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ اَللَّيْلُ وَ اَلنَّهَارُ".

Hadith.5620 - Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Indeed, a newborn or an infant does not prevent you (from inheritance) nor inherits from you unless they have cried aloud. Anything concealed in the womb, even if it moves, has no share in inheritance except what the passage of night and day might

لِقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ ص‌ أَعْيَانُ بَنِي الْأُمِّ أَحَقُّ بِالْمِيرَاثِ مِنْ وُلْدِ الْعَلَّاتِ‌[3]. فَإِنْ تَرَكَ أَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ وَ أُمٍّ وَ أَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ وَ ابْنِ أَخٍ لِأَبٍ فَلِلْأَخَوَاتِ لِلْأَبِ وَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَانِ وَ مَا بَقِيَ رَدٌّ عَلَيْهِنَّ لِأَنَّهُنَّ أَقْرَبُ الْأَرْحَامِ فَإِنْ تَرَكَ أَخاً لِأَبٍ وَ ابْنَ أَخٍ لِأَبٍ وَ أُمٍّ فَالْمَالُ كُلُّهُ لِلْأَخِ مِنَ الْأَبِ لِأَنَّهُ أَقْرَبُ بِبَطْ

Hadith.5621 - The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "The full siblings from the same mother are more entitled to inheritance than the paternal half-siblings." [AL SADUQ] If a person leaves behind full sisters (from the same father and mother), paternal sisters (from the same father only), a

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع امْرَأَةٌ مَاتَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَ إِخْوَتَهَا لِأُمِّهَا وَ إِخْوَتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا[1] فَقَالَ لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَ لِلْإِخْوَةِ لِلْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ الذَّكَرُ وَ الْأُنْثَى فِيهِ سَوَاءٌ وَ بَقِيَ سَهْمٌ فَهُوَ لِلْإِخْوَةِ وَ الْأَخَوَاتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ‌ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ‌.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a woman who died and left behind her husband, maternal brothers, and paternal brothers. Imam (as) said: "The husband receives half of the inheritance, which is three shares. The maternal brothers receive one-third, with males and females sharing equally. The remaining share goes to the p

لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَ لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ سَهْمَانِ وَ لِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ سَهْمٌ‌[3] فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ فَإِنَّ فَرَائِضَ‌ زَيْدٍ[1] وَ فَرَائِضَ الْعَامَّةِ عَلَى غَيْرِ هَذَا يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ يَقُولُونَ لِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ هِيَ مِنْ سِتَّةٍ تَعُولُ إِلَى ثَمَانِيَةٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ لِمَ قَالُوا هَذَا فَقَالَ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلّ

Hadith.5623 - A man came to Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) and asked him about a woman who passed away, leaving behind her husband, maternal brothers, and a paternal sister. Imam (as) said: "The husband receives half of the inheritance, which is three shares. The maternal brothers receive two shares, and

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ فَرِيضَةِ الْجَدِّ فَقَالَ مَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَداً مِنَ النَّاسِ‌[1] قَالَ فِيهَا إِلَّا بِالرَّأْيِ إِلَّا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع‌[2] فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ فِيهَا بِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص‌[3].

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about the inheritance share (fariḍah) of the grandfather. Imam (as) replied: "I do not know anyone among the people who has spoken about it except based on personal opinion, except for Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), for He (as) spoke about it according to the saying o

الْجَدُّ وَ الْجَدَّةُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأَبِ وَ الْجَدُّ وَ الْجَدَّةُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأُمِّ كُلُّهُمْ يَرِثُونَ.

وَ رَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ أُمَّ الْأَبِ السُّدُسَ وَ ابْنُهَا حَيٌّ- وَ أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ أُمَّ الْأُمِّ السُّدُسَ وَ ابْنَتُهَا حَيَّةٌ[1].

"The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) granted the paternal grandmother (the father's mother) one-sixth of the inheritance while her son was alive, and he granted the maternal grandmother (the mother's mother) one-sixth while her daughter was alive."

حَدَّثَنِي حَمَّادُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ ابْنَتِي مَاتَتْ وَ أُمِّي حَيَّةٌ فَقَالَ أَبَانُ بْنُ تَغْلِبَ لَيْسَ لَهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ أَعْطِهَا سَهْماً يَعْنِي السُّدُسَ‌[2].

Hadith.5627 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr Al-Bazanti narrated, saying: Hammad ibn Uthman narrated from Abdur Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah Al-Basri from Abu Abdullah (as). He said: I said to him, "My daughter has passed away while my mother is still alive." Aban ibn Taghlib said: "She (the grandmother) has no share." Ima

لِلْجَدِّ السُّدُسُ وَ الْبَاقِي لِبَنَاتِ الِابْنَةِ[3].

I asked Imam (as) about the inheritance share of the daughters of a daughter and a grandfather. Imam (as) replied: "The grandfather receives one-sixth, and the remainder goes to the daughters of the daughter."

وَ رَوَى الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ‌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَطْعَمَ الْجَدَّةَ السُّدُسَ وَ لَمْ يَفْرِضِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهَا شَيْئاً[1].

Hadith.5629 - Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Faddal narrated from Abdullah ibn Bukayr from Zurarah, who narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that he said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) granted the grandmother one-sixth, while Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, did no

لِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسُ‌[2] وَ لِلْجَدَّةِ السُّدُسُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ وَ هُوَ الثُّلُثَانِ لِلْأَبِ.

Hadith.5630 - Yaqub ibn Yazid narrated from Yahya ibn Al-Mubarak from Abdullah ibn Jabalah from Abu Jamilah from Ishaq ibn Ammar from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the case of a deceased person who left behind both parents and a maternal grandmother. Imam (as) said: "The mother receives one-sixth, the grandmother receive

وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ حُكَيْمٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ الْجَدَّةُ لَهَا السُّدُسُ مَعَ ابْنِهَا وَ مَعَ ابْنَتِهَا[3].

Hadith.5631 - In the narration of Muawiyah ibn Hakim from Ali ibn Al-Hasan ibn Ribaṭ, who reported it from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "The grandmother is entitled to one-sixth of the inheritance, whether along with her son or her daughter."

هَذِهِ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ أَسْهُمٍ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ وَ لِلْأُخْتِ سَهْمٌ وَ لِلْجَدِّ سَهْمَانِ.

Hadith.5632 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Riʾab from Abu Ubaydah from Abu Jafar (as) regarding a man who passed away and left behind his wife, his sister, and his grandfather. Imam (as) said: "This inheritance is divided into four shares: the wife receives one-fourth, the sister receives one share, and th

وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ بُكَيْرٍ وَ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع‌[4] قَالَ‌ لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ مَعَ الْجَدِّ وَ هُوَ شَرِيكُ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ‌[1].

"The maternal siblings are entitled to one-third of the inheritance along with the grandfather, and the grandfather shares the inheritance with the paternal siblings."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ أَخَاهُ لِأُمِّهِ وَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَارِثاً غَيْرَهُ فَقَالَ الْمَالُ لَهُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَعَ الْأَخِ لِلْأُمِّ جَدٌّ فَقَالَ يُعْطَى الْأَخُ لِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسَ وَ يُعْطَى الْجَدُّ الْبَاقِيَ‌[2].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who passed away leaving only his maternal brother as an heir and no other inheritor. Imam (as) said: "The entire estate belongs to him." I then asked: "What if there is also a grandfather along with the maternal brother?" Imam (as) replied: "The maternal brother is given one-sixth,

لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فَرِيضَتُهُمُ الثُّلُثُ مَعَ الْجَدِّ[3].

I asked Imam (as) about the maternal siblings inheriting alongside the grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The prescribed share for the maternal siblings is one-third, even when the grandfather is present."

إِنَّ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ الْإِخْوَةَ مِنَ الْأُمِّ يَرِثُونَ مَعَ الْجَدِّ الثُّلُثَ.

Hadith.5636 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Khalid ibn Jarir from Abu Al-Rabi from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the grandfather inheriting alongside maternal siblings. Imam (as) said: "Indeed, in the Book of Ali (as), it is written that 'the maternal siblings inherit one-third along with the grandfather.'"

الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا سَوَاءٌ[4].

I asked Imam (as) about a paternal brother and a grandfather (in matters of inheritance). Imam (as) replied: "The inheritance is divided equally between them."

وَ رَوَى ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يُوَرِّثُ الْأَخَ مِنَ الْأَبِ مَعَ الْجَدِّ يُنَزِّلُهُ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ‌[1].

"Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to make the paternal brother inherit alongside the grandfather, placing him in the same position as the grandfather."

وَ رَوَى ابْنُ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ بُكَيْرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ الْفُضَيْلِ وَ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع‌ أَنَّ الْجَدَّ مَعَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ مِثْلُ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْإِخْوَةِ[2].

"The grandfather, when inheriting alongside the paternal siblings, is considered as one of the brothers."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ أَخَاهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ وَ جَدَّهُ قَالَ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمْ أَخَوَيْنِ كَانَا أَوْ مِائَةً فَالْجَدُّ مَعَهُمْ كَوَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ لِلْجَدِّ مِثْلُ نَصِيبِ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْإِخْوَةِ[3].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who died and left behind his full brother (from the same father and mother) and his grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The inheritance is divided among them as if they were two brothers or even a hundred. The grandfather is considered as one of them; he receives a share equal to that of

وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ إِنَّ الْجَدَّ شَرِيكُ الْإِخْوَةِ وَ حَظُّهُ مِثْلُ حَظِّ أَحَدِهِمْ مَا بَلَغُوا كَثُرُوا أَوْ قَلُّوا.

"The grandfather shares the inheritance with the siblings, and his share is equal to the share of one of them, regardless of whether they are many or few."

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع‌[4] يَقُولُ‌ الْجَدُّ يُقَاسِمُ الْإِخْوَةَ وَ لَوْ كَانُوا مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ‌[5].

I heard Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "The grandfather shares the inheritance with the siblings, even if they were one hundred thousand."

هُوَ كَأَحَدِهِمْ‌[1].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who died and left behind six brothers and a grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The grandfather is considered as one of them."

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ فِي سِتَّةِ إِخْوَةٍ وَ جَدٍّ قَالَ لِلْجَدِّ السُّبُعُ.

Hadith.5644 - In the narration of Yunus from Sayf ibn Umayrah from Ishaq ibn Ammar from Abu Baṣir, he said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say regarding six brothers and a grandfather: "The grandfather receives one-seventh of the inheritance."

الْجَدُّ كَوَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْإِخْوَةِ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمْ‌ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ‌.

I asked Imam (as) about a man who passed away and left behind brothers and sisters from both his father and mother, along with a grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The grandfather is considered as one of the brothers, and the inheritance is divided among them with the male receiving the share equal to that of two females."

الْمَالُ لِلْجَدِّ[2].

Hadith.5646 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Riʾab from Abu Ubaydah from Abu Jafar (as) who was asked about a paternal cousin and a grandfather (regarding inheritance). Imam (as) said: "The entire inheritance belongs to the grandfather."

لَهُ ابْنُ أَخٍ وَ جَدٌّ قَالَ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَانِ‌[3].

I asked Imam (as) about a paternal nephew and a grandfather (regarding inheritance). Imam (as) said: "The inheritance is divided equally between them, half and half."

لِبَنَاتِ الْأُخْتِ الثُّلُثُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْجَدِّ[4].

Hadith.5648 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Sa'd ibn Abi Khalaf from one of the companions of Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the case of daughters of a sister and a grandfather. Imam (as) said: "The daughters of the sister receive one-third of the inheritance, and the remainder goes to the grandfather."

وَ رَوَى الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ‌ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع أَعْطَى الْجَدَّةَ الْمَالَ كُلَّهُ‌[1].

Hadith.5649 - Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Al-Nuʿman narrated from Abdullah ibn Numayr from Al-Aʿmash from Salim ibn Abi Al-Jaʿd that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) granted the entire inheritance to the grandmother.

"مَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَقَحَّمَ جَرَاثِيمَ جَهَنَّمَ فَلْيَقُلْ فِي اَلْجَدِّ".

Hadith.5650 - It is narrated from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) that he said: "Whoever wishes to plunge into the depths of Hell should speak about (the inheritance of) the grandfather."

كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي سِتَّةِ إِخْوَةٍ وَ جَدٍّ "أَنِ اِجْعَلْهُ كَأَحَدِهِمْ وَ اُمْحُ كِتَابِي".

Hadith.5651 - What Firas narrated from Al-Shabi, from Ibn Abbas, that he said: Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), peace be upon him, wrote to me regarding six brothers and a grandfather, saying: "Consider him as one of them (brothers) and erase my letter."

فِي رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ خَالَتَيْهِ وَ مَوَالِيَهُ قَالَ أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ الْمَالُ بَيْنَ الْخَالَتَيْنِ[3].

الْمَالُ لِأُخْتِهِ‌[5]. وَ مَتَى تَرَكَ الرَّجُلُ ذَا رَحِمٍ مَنْ كَانَ ذَكَراً كَانَ أَوْ أُنْثَى ابْنَةَ أُخْتٍ أَوِ ابْنَةَ ابْنَةٍ أَوِ ابْنَةَ خَالٍ أَوِ ابْنَةَ خَالَةٍ أَوِ ابْنَةَ عَمٍّ أَوِ ابْنَةَ عَمَّةٍ أَوْ أَبْعَدَ مِنْهُمْ فَالْمَالُ كُلُّهُ لِذَوِي الْأَرْحَامِ وَ إِنْ سَفَلُوا وَ لَا يَرِثُ الْمَوَالِي مَعَ أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ شَيْئاً لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ ذَكَرَهُمْ وَ فَرَضَ لَهُمْ وَ أَ

Hadith.5653 - Ali ibn Yaqteen asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who dies and leaves behind his sister and his freed slaves. Imam (as) said: "The wealth belongs to his sister."

"أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يُعْطِي أُولِي اَلْأَرْحَامِ دُونَ اَلْمَوَالِي".

Hadith.5654 - Jabir narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that: "Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to give inheritance to the blood relatives over the freed slaves."

كُنْتُ جَالِساً عِنْدَ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ غَفَلَةَ فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ ابْنَةٍ وَ امْرَأَةٍ وَ مَوَالٍ فَقَالَ أُخْبِرُكَ فِيهَا بِقَضَاءِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع جَعَلَ لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفَ وَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الثُّمُنَ وَ رَدَّ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَى الِابْنَةِ وَ لَمْ يُعْطِ الْمَوَالِيَ شَيْئاً.

I was sitting with Suwayd ibn Ghafalah when a man came to him and asked about the inheritance of a daughter, a wife, and freed slaves. Suwayd said: "I will inform you of the ruling of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) regarding this matter. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) allocated half of the inheritance to the daughter and one

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْقَوْمِ يَغْرَقُونَ فِي اَلسَّفِينَةِ أَوْ يَقَعُ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلْبَيْتُ فَيَمُوتُونَ وَ لاَ يُعْلَمُ أَيُّهُمْ مَاتَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبِهِ قَالَ "يُوَرَّثُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ"

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who drown in a ship or a house collapses on them, causing their death, and it is not known who among them died first. Imam (as) said: "They inherit from one another."

تُوَرَّثُ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ ثُمَّ يُوَرَّثُ الرَّجُلُ مِنَ الْمَرْأَةِ[1].

Hadith.5657 - Ali ibn Mahziyar narrated from Fadalah, from Aban, from Al-Fadl ibn Abdul Malik, from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a woman and her husband upon whom a house collapsed. Imam (as) said: "The woman inherits from the man, and then the man inherits from the woman."

يُوَرَّثُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِنْ زَوْجِهِ كَمَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِوَرَثَتِهِمَا[2].

"The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding a man and a woman upon whom a house collapsed, causing their death, and it was not known which of them died first. Imam (as) said: 'Each of them inherits from their spouse according to what Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, has prescribed for their heirs.'"

يُوَرَّثُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ قُلْتُ إِنَّ أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ أَدْخَلَ فِيهَا قَالَ وَ مَا أَدْخَلَ فِيهَا قُلْتُ قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ لِأَحَدِهِمَا مِائَةُ أَلْفٍ وَ الْآخَرُ لَيْسَ لَهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ كَانَا فِي سَفِينَةٍ فَغَرِقَا وَ لَمْ يُدْرَ أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ أَوَّلًا كَانَ الْمِيرَاثُ لِوَرَثَةِ الَّذِي لَيْسَ لَهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِوَرَثَةِ الَّذِي لَهُ الْمَالُ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ

I asked Imam (as) about a house that collapsed on a group of people gathered together, and it was not known who among them died first. Imam (as) said: "They inherit from one another." I said: "Abu Hanifah has given a different ruling regarding this." Imam (as) asked: "And what did he say?" I replied: "He said that if t

لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي بَيْتٍ سَقَطَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَبَقِيَ مِنْهُمْ صَبِيَّانِ أَحَدُهُمَا حُرٌّ وَ الْآخَرُ مَمْلُوكٌ لِصَاحِبِهِ فَلَمْ يُعْرَفِ الْحُرُّ مِنَ الْمَمْلُوكِ فَقَالَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ يُعْتَقُ نِصْفُ هَذَا وَ نِصْفُ هَذَا وَ يُقْسَمُ الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَانِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ لَكِنَّهُ يُقْرَعُ بَيْنَهُمَا فَمَنْ أَصَابَتْهُ الْقُرْعَةُ فَهُوَ الْح

Abu Hanifah entered upon Abu Abdullah (as), and Abu Abdullah (as) asked him: "What do you say about a house that collapsed on a group of people, leaving behind two boys - one of them is free and the other is a slave belonging to the free one - but it is not known which is the free one and which is the slave?" Abu Hanif

سَأَلَ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عُتَيْبَةَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع‌- عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ يَسْقُطُ مِنْ أُمِّهِ غَيْرَ مُسْتَهِلٍّ أَ يُوَرَّثُ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِذَا تَحَرَّكَ تَحَرُّكاً بَيِّناً وُرِّثَ فَإِنَّهُ رُبَّمَا كَانَ أَخْرَسَ‌[2].

Al-Hakam ibn Utaibah asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a child who is born from his mother without letting out a cry - does he inherit? Imam (as) turned away from him. When he repeated the question, Imam (as) said: "If the child moves with clear movement, he inherits, for it is possible that he

فَمَرَّ بِهَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ أَصْحَابُهُ وَ هِيَ مَطْرُوحَةٌ وَ وَلَدُهَا عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ قَالَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ عَنْ أَمْرِهَا فَقَالُوا لَهُ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ حَامِلًا فَفَزِعَتْ حِينَ رَأَتِ الْقِتَالَ وَ الْهَزِيمَةَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبِهِ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ ابْنَهَا مَاتَ قَبْلَهَا قَالَ فَدَعَا زَوْجَهَا أَبَا الْغُلَامِ الْمَيِّتِ فَوَرَّثَهُ مِنِ ابْنِهِ ثُلُثَيِ الدِّيَةِ وَ

'When Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) defeated Talhah and Al-Zubayr, the people fled in retreat. As they were fleeing, they passed by a pregnant woman on the roadside. She was frightened by them and miscarried her child, who was born alive but convulsed until he died. The woman herself also passed away shortly after. Imam

"إِذَا كَانَ أَبَوَاهُمَا اَللَّذَانِ زَوَّجَاهُمَا فَنَعَمْ".

He asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a boy being married to a girl - do they inherit from one another? Imam (as) said: "If it was their parents who arranged their marriage, then yes, they do inherit from each other."

نِكَاحُهُ جَائِزٌ عَلَى ابْنِهِ فَإِنْ مَاتَ عُزِلَ مِيرَاثُهَا مِنْهُ حَتَّى‌ تُدْرِكَ فَإِذَا أَدْرَكَتْ حُلِّفَتْ بِاللَّهِ مَا دَعَاهَا إِلَى أَخْذِ الْمِيرَاثِ إِلَّا رِضَاهَا بِالنِّكَاحِ ثُمَّ يُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَ نِصْفُ الْمَهْرِ قَالَ فَإِنْ مَاتَتْ هِيَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُدْرِكَ وَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ الزَّوْجُ لَمْ يَرِثْهَا الزَّوْجُ لِأَنَّ لَهَا الْخِيَارَ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا أَدْرَكَتْ وَ لَا خِيَار

Hadith.5664 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdul Aziz Al-Abdi, from Ubayd ibn Zurarah, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said regarding a man who marries his son to an orphan girl under his care while his son is of legal age and the orphan girl has not yet reached maturity: "The marriage is valid for his son. However, i

لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْغُلَامُ لَهُ عَشْرُ سِنِينَ فَيُزَوِّجُهُ أَبُوهُ فِي صِغَرِهِ أَ يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُهُ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَمَّا التَّزْوِيجُ فَصَحِيحٌ وَ أَمَّا طَلَاقُهُ فَيَنْبَغِي أَنْ تُحْبَسَ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَ فَيُعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ قَدْ طَلَّقَ فَإِنْ أَقَرَّ بِذَلِكَ وَ أَمْضَاهُ فَهِيَ وَاحِدَةٌ بَائِنَةٌ وَ هُوَ خَاطِبٌ مِنَ الْخُطَّابِ وَ إِنْ أَنْكَرَ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a boy who is ten years old and his father marries him off while he is still young. Is his divorce valid if he divorces at the age of ten? Imam (as) replied: "As for the marriage, it is valid. However, regarding the divorce, his wife should remain with him until he reaches maturity. Then

إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ تَوَارَثَا مَا كَانَتْ فِي الْعِدَّةِ فَإِذَا طَلَّقَهَا التَّطْلِيقَةَ الثَّالِثَةَ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا الرَّجْعَةُ وَ لَا مِيرَاثَ بَيْنَهُمَا[4].

إِذَا دَخَلَ بِهَا فَمَاتَ فِي مَرَضِهِ وَرِثَتْهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا لَمْ تَرِثْهُ وَ نِكَاحُهُ بَاطِلٌ‌[1].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who married during his illness. Imam (as) said: "If he consummated the marriage with her and then died during his illness, she inherits from him. However, if he did not consummate the marriage with her, she does not inherit from him, and the marriage is invalid."

فَإِنْ طَالَ بِهِ الْمَرَضُ قَالَ تَرِثُهُ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ سَنَةٍ[3].

"If a man divorces his wife while he is ill, she inherits from him as long as he remains in that illness, even if her waiting period (iddah) has ended - unless he recovers from his illness." I asked: "What if his illness lasts for a long time?" Imam (as) replied: "She inherits from him for up to one year."