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نَعَمْ وَ هِيَ تَرِثُهُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَتْ لَمْ يَرِثْهَا[4].

Hadith.5669 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), who was asked about a man who is on his deathbed and divorces his wife - whether his divorce is valid. Imam (as) said: "Yes, it is valid, and she will inherit from him. However, if she dies, he does not inherit from her."

هُوَ الْإِضْرَارُ[1] وَ مَعْنَى الْإِضْرَارِ مَنْعُهُ إِيَّاهَا مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْهُ فَأُلْزِمَ الْمِيرَاثَ عُقُوبَةً.

I asked Imam (as): "What is the reason that when a man divorces his wife while he is ill in a state of harm (idrar), she inherits from him, but he does not inherit from her?" He (as) replied: "It is due to the harm. The meaning of harm here is his intention to prevent her from inheriting from him, so he was held accoun

لَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ كَامِلًا وَ عَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً وَ إِنْ كَانَ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً يَعْنِي صَدَاقاً فَلَهَا نِصْفُهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً فَلَا مَهْرَ لَهَا[2].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who marries a woman and then dies before consummating the marriage with her. Imam (as) said: "She is entitled to the full inheritance, and she must observe the waiting period (iddah) of four months and ten days. If he had specified a dowry (mahr) for her, she is entitled to half of it. How

وَ قَالَ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ إِنْ كَانَ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَلَهَا الصَّدَاقُ كَامِلًا[3].

Hadith.5672 - And Imam (as) said in another narration: "If he had consummated the marriage with her, then she is entitled to the full dowry (ṣadaq)."

لَهُ رَجُلٌ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً بِحُكْمِهَا فَمَاتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَحْكُمَ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَهَا صَدَاقٌ وَ هِيَ تَرِثُهُ‌[4].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who married a woman according to her own condition (by her terms), but he died before she could set the conditions. Imam (as) said: "She is not entitled to a dowry (ṣadaq), but she inherits from him."

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع هُوَ لِأَقْرَبِ النَّاسِ إِلَى أَبِيهِ‌[3].

I asked Imam (as) about a disowned son (makhlooh) whose father publicly renounces him before the authorities and disclaims both his inheritance and responsibility for his actions. I asked: "Who inherits from him (the father)?" Imam (as) replied: "Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ruled: 'His inheritance goes to the closest r

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ لَا يُوَرَّثُ الْحَمِيلُ إِلَّا بِبَيِّنَةٍ قَالَ وَ الْحَمِيلُ هُوَ الَّذِي تَأْتِي‌ بِهِ الْمَرْأَةُ حُبْلَى قَدْ سُبِيَتْ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى فَيَعْرِفُهُ بِذَلِكَ بَعْدُ أَبُوهُ أَوْ أَخُوهُ‌[1].

Hadith.5675 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ibn Mihzam, from Talhah ibn Zayd, who said that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Child in the womb (hamil) will not inherit except with clear evidence." Imam (as) explained: "The hamil is the child carried by a pregnant woman who was captured while pregnant, and later the father

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْحَمِيلِ فَقَالَ وَ أَيُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ الْحَمِيلُ فَقُلْتُ الْمَرْأَةُ تُسْبَى مِنْ أَرْضِهَا مَعَهَا الْوَلَدُ الصَّغِيرُ فَتَقُولُ هُوَ ابْنِي وَ الرَّجُلُ يُسْبَى فَيَلْقَى أَخَاهُ فَيَقُولُ هُوَ أَخِي لَيْسَ لَهُمَا بَيِّنَةٌ إِلَّا قَوْلُهُمَا قَالَ فَمَا يَقُولُ فِيهِ النَّاسُ عِنْدَكُمْ قُلْتُ لَا يُوَرِّثُونَهُ‌[2] إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمَا عَلَى وِلَادَتِهِ بَيِّنَةٌ إِنَّمَا كَانَ و

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about the hamil (the child in the womb). Imam (as) asked: "And what is the hamil?" I said: "A woman is captured from her land along with her young child, and she claims, 'This is my son.' Similarly, a man is captured and meets his brother, claiming, 'This is my brother,' but they have no evide

إِنِّي ابْتُلِيتُ بِأَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ إِنَ‌ لِي جَارِيَةً كُنْتُ أَطَأُهَا فَوَطِئْتُهَا يَوْماً وَ خَرَجْتُ فِي حَاجَةٍ لِي بَعْدَ مَا اغْتَسَلْتُ مِنْهَا وَ نَسِيتُ نَفَقَةً لِي فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى الْمَنْزِلِ لآِخُذَهَا فَوَجَدْتُ غُلَامِي عَلَى بَطْنِهَا فَعَدَدْتُ لَهَا مِنْ يَوْمِي ذَلِكَ تِسْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَوَلَدَتْ جَارِيَةً فَقَالَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَكَ أَنْ تَقْرَبَهَا وَ لَا أَنْ تَبِيعَهَا وَ لَكِنْ أَنْفِقْ عَلَي

"A man from the Ansar came to my father (as) and said: 'I have been afflicted with a great matter. I had a maid whom I used to have relations with. One day, after being intimate with her, I went out for some of my needs after performing ghusl. I later realized I had forgotten some of my provisions, so I returned home t

يَبِيعُ الْجَارِيَةَ وَ لَا يَبِيعُ الْوَلَدَ وَ لَا يُوَرِّثُهُ شَيْئاً مِنْ مَالِهِ‌[3].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who had a maid with whom he had intimate relations, and she would go out to fulfill his needs. She became pregnant, and he feared that the pregnancy might not be from him. What should he do? Should he sell the maid and the child? Imam (as) replied: "He may sell the maid, but he must not se

أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قُلْ لَهُ إِذَا وَلَدَتْ فَأَمْسِكِ الْوَلَدَ وَ لَا تَبِعْهُ وَ اجْعَلْ لَهُ نَصِيباً مِنْ دَارِكَ قَالَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَطَأُ جَارِيَةً لَهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَبْعَثُهَا فِي حَوَائِجِهِ وَ أَنَّهُ اتَّهَمَهَا وَ حَبِلَتْ فَقَالَ إِذَا هِيَ وَلَدَتْ أَمْسَكَ الْوَلَدَ وَ لَا يَبِيعُهُ وَ يَجْعَلُ لَهُ نَصِيباً مِنْ دَارِهِ وَ مَالِهِ لَيْسَ هَذِهِ مِثْلَ تِلْكَ‌[5].

Hadith.5679 - Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad narrated from Sulaym, the servant of Tirbal, from Hariz, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who used to have intimate relations with his maid and would also send her out to fulfill his needs. She became pregnant, and he heard rumors of her misconduct. Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Te

أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أَقَرَّ بِوَلَدِهِ ثُمَّ انْتَفَى مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَا كَرَامَةَ يُلْحَقُ بِهِ وَلَدُهُ إِذَا كَانَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ أَوْ وَلِيدَتِهِ[1].

كَتَبَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع مَعِي يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَجَرَ بِامْرَأَةٍ فَحَمَلَتْ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ تَزَوَّجَهَا بَعْدَ الْحَمْلِ فَجَاءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ وَ الْوَلَدُ أَشْبَهُ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ بِهِ فَكَتَبَ ع بِخَطِّهِ وَ خَاتَمِهِ الْوَلَدُ لِغَيَّةٍ لَا يُورَثُ[3].

لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ كَمْ دِيَةُ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا قَالَ يُعْطَى الَّذِي أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهِ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ مَاتَ وَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَمَنْ يَرِثُهُ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ‌[4]. وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ دِيَةَ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ مِيرَاثُهُ كَمِيرَاثِ ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ[1].

I asked Imam (as): "May I be your ransom, what is the blood money (diyyah) for a child born out of fornication?" Imam (as) replied: "The one who spent on him is to be given what he spent on him." I asked: "If the child dies and has wealth, who inherits it?" He (as) said: "The Imam." It has also been narrated: "The bloo

لَا يَرِثُهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لِلْقَاتِلِ ابْنٌ وَرِثَ الْجَدَّ الْمَقْتُولَ.

Hadith.5683 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Ibn Abi Umayr, from Jamil, from one of the two Imams (peace be upon them), regarding a man who killed his father. Imam (as) said: "He does not inherit from him. However, if the killer has a son, the son inherits from the murdered grandfather."

وَ رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ‌ إِذَا قَتَلَ الرَّجُلُ أُمَّهُ خَطَأً وَرِثَهَا وَ إِنْ قَتَلَهَا عَمْداً لَمْ يَرِثْهَا[1].

"If a man kills his mother by mistake, he inherits from her. However, if he kills her intentionally, he does not inherit from her."

وَ رَوَى النَّضْرُ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ لِلْمَرْأَةِ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا وَ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ دِيَةِ امْرَأَتِهِ مَا لَمْ يَقْتُلْ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ‌[2].

"A woman is entitled to a share of the blood money (diyyah) of her husband, and a man is entitled to a share of the blood money of his wife, as long as neither of them has killed the other."

وَ رَوَى الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي دِيَةِ الْمَقْتُولِ أَنَّهَا تَرِثُهَا الْوَرَثَةُ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ سِهَامِهِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى الْمَقْتُولِ دَيْنٌ إِلَّا الْإِخْوَةَ وَ الْأَخَوَاتِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَرِثُونَهُ مِنْ دِيَتِهِ شَيْئاً[3].

"The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding the blood money (diyyah) of a murdered person that it is to be inherited by the heirs according to the Book of Allah (swt), the Exalted, and according to their prescribed shares, provided the murdered person has no outstanding debt. However, the maternal brothers and

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ فِي دَارِ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ أَخٌ آخَرُ فِي دَارِ الْبَدْوِ وَ لَمْ يُهَاجِرْ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ عَفَا الْمُهَاجِرِيُّ وَ أَرَادَ الْبَدَوِيُّ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لِلْبَدَوِيِّ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُهَاجِراً حَتَّى يُهَاجِرَ وَ إِنْ عَفَا الْمُهَاجِرُ فَإِنَّ عَفْوَهُ جَائِزٌ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَلِلْبَدَوِيِّ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ شَيْ‌ءٌ قَالَ وَ أَمَّا الْمِيرَاثُ

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) and he had one brother residing in the land of migration (Dar Al-Hijrah) and another brother in the land of the Bedouins (Dar Al-Badw), who had not migrated. I asked: "If the migrant (Muhajir) brother pardons the killer, but the Bedouin brother wants to execute reta

أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ شَرِبَتْ دَوَاءً عَمْداً وَ هِيَ حَامِلٌ وَ لَمْ تُعْلِمْ بِذَلِكَ زَوْجَهَا فَأَلْقَتْ وَلَدَهَا فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَظْمٌ قَدْ نَبَتَ عَلَيْهِ اللَّحْمُ فَعَلَيْهَا دِيَةٌ تُسَلِّمُهَا إِلَى أَبِيهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَقَةً أَوْ مُضْغَةً فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً أَوْ غُرَّةً تُؤَدِّيهَا إِلَى أَبِيهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَهِيَ لَا تَرِثُ وَلَدَهَا مِنْ دِيَتِهِ مَعَ أَبِ

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a woman who intentionally drank medicine while she was pregnant without informing her husband, causing her to miscarry his child. Imam (as) said: "If the fetus had developed bones upon which flesh had grown, she must pay the full diyyah (blood money) to the fa

يَجُوزُ لِأَبِيهَا مَا وَهَبَتْ لَهُ‌[2].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who struck his pregnant daughter, causing her to miscarry a stillborn child. The woman's husband sought justice against her father. The woman then said to her husband: "If this miscarriage has a diyyah (blood money) and I have a share of inheritance in it, then I give my share to my father

جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ ع- عَنْ طَائِفَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِحْدَاهُمَا بَاغِيَةٌ وَ الْأُخْرَى عَادِلَةٌ اقْتَتَلُوا فَقَتَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ أَبَاهُ أَوْ ابْنَهُ أَوْ أَخَاهُ أَوْ حَمِيمَهُ وَ هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَغْيِ وَ هُوَ وَارِثُهُ هَلْ يَرِثُهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ لِأَنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ بِحَقٍ‌[3].

I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about two groups of believers - one of them being rebellious (baghiyah) and the other just (Adilah) - who fought each other. A man from the people of Iraq, belonging to the rebellious group, killed his father, son, brother, or close relative during the battle and was also h

زَوْجُهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْوَلَدُ وَلَدِي وَ يُكَذِّبُ نَفْسَهُ فَقَالَ أَمَّا الْمَرْأَةُ فَلَا تَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِ أَبَداً وَ أَمَّا الْوَلَدُ فَإِنِّي أَرُدُّهُ إِلَيْهِ إِذَا ادَّعَاهُ وَ لَا أَدَعُ وَلَدَهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ مِيرَاثٌ وَ يَرِثُ الِابْنُ الْأَبَ وَ لَا يَرِثُ الْأَبُ الِابْنَ يَكُونُ مِيرَاثُهُ لِأَخْوَالِهِ‌[3] وَ إِنْ دَعَاهُ أَحَدٌ وَلَدَ الزِّنَا جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ.

Hadith.5691 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), who was asked about a case of mula'anah (mutual cursing) where a man accuses his wife of adultery, disowns her child, and they engage in the process of mula'anah. Later, the husband claims that the child is indeed his and denies his earlier accusatio

وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ[4] عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ‌ إِنَّ مِيرَاثَ وَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ لِأُمِّهِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ أُمُّهُ لَيْسَتْ بِحَيَّةٍ فَلِأَقْرَبِ النَّاسِ مِنْ أُمِّهِ أَخْوَالِهِ‌[5].

"The inheritance of the child of mula'anah belongs to his mother. If his mother is not alive, then it goes to the closest relatives on his mother's side - his maternal uncles."

الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ‌ ابْنُ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ تَرِثُهُ أُمُّهُ الثُّلُثَ وَ الْبَاقِي لِإِمَامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.

"The child of mula'anah is inherited by his mother with one-third, and the remainder belongs to the Imam of the Muslims."

وَ رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ‌ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ أَنَّهُ تَرِثُهُ أُمُّهُ الثُّلُثَ وَ الْبَاقِي لِلْإِمَامِ لِأَنَّ جِنَايَتَهُ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ‌[1].

"The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding the child of mula'anah that his mother inherits one-third, and the remainder belongs to the Imam because any liability for his actions falls upon the Imam."

يُخَيَّرُ وَاحِدَةً مِنِ اثْنَتَيْنِ فَيُقَالُ لَهُ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَلْزَمْتَ نَفْسَكَ الذَّنْبَ فَيُقَامُ فِيكَ الْحَدُّ وَ تُعْطَى الْمِيرَاثَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَقْرَرْتَ فَلَاعَنْتَ أَدْنَى قَرَابَتِهَا

Hadith.5695 - Abu Al-Jawza' narrated from Al-Husayn ibn Alwan, from Amr ibn Khalid, from Zayd ibn Ali, from his father (as), from his grandfather (as), from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), regarding a man who accused his wife of adultery and then left. When he returned, he found that his wife had passed away. Imam Ali ibn

"كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "إِذَا مَاتَ اِبْنُ اَلْمُلاَعَنَةِ وَ لَهُ إِخْوَةٌ قُسِمَ مَالُهُ عَلَى سِهَامِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ" ".

"Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say: 'If the son of the cursed woman dies and he has brothers, his wealth is divided according to the shares ordained by Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic.'"

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَاعَنَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى قَدِ اسْتَبَانَ حَمْلُهَا وَ أَنْكَرَ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتِ ادَّعَاهُ وَ أَقَرَّ بِهِ وَ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يُرَدُّ إِلَيْهِ وَلَدُهُ وَ يَرِثُهُ وَ لَا يُجْلَدُ لِأَنَّ اللِّعَانَ قَدْ مَضَى‌[1].

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who had invoked li'an against his wife while she was pregnant, and her pregnancy was visibly apparent. He denied what was in her womb. However, after she gave birth, he claimed the child and acknowledged it, asserting that it was his. Abu Abdullah (as) said: "The child is returned

تَرِثُهُ أُمُّهُ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَاتَتْ أُمُّهُ وَ وَرِثَهَا هُوَ ثُمَّ مَاتَ هُوَ مَنْ يَرِثُهُ قَالَ عَصَبَةُ أُمِّهِ وَ هُوَ يَرِثُ أَخْوَالَهُ.

Hadith.5698 - Muhammad ibn Al-Fudayl narrated from Abu Al-Sabbah and Amr ibn Uthman from Al-Mufaddal from Zayd from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the inheritance of the son of the cursed woman. Imam (as) said: "His mother inherits from him." I asked: "What if his mother dies, and he inherits from her, then he dies - who

وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ ابْنُ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ يُنْسَبُ إِلَى أُمِّهِ وَ يَكُونُ أَمْرُهُ وَ شَأْنُهُ كُلُّهُ إِلَيْهَا.

"The son of the cursed woman is attributed to his mother, and all his matters and affairs belong entirely to her."

إِنْ كَانَ قُسِمَ فَلَا حَقَّ لَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَلَهُ الْمِيرَاثُ قَالَ قُلْتُ الْعَبْدُ يُعْتَقُ عَلَى مِيرَاثٍ فَقَالَ هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ‌[1].

Hadith.5700 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Aban ibn Uthman from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who accepts Islam for the sake of inheritance. Imam (as) said: "If the inheritance has already been divided, then he has no right to it. But if it has not been divided, then he is entitled

الْخُنْثَى يُوَرَّثُ مِنْ حَيْثُ يَبُولُ فَإِنْ بَالَ مِنْهُمَا جَمِيعاً فَمِنْ أَيِّهِمَا سَبَقَ الْبَوْلُ وُرِّثَ مِنْهُ فَإِنْ مَاتَ وَ لَمْ يَبُلْ فَنِصْفُ عَقْلِ الرَّجُلِ وَ نِصْفُ عَقْلِ الْمَرْأَةِ[3].

وَ رَوَى السَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع‌ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع كَانَ يُوَرِّثُ الْخُنْثَى فَيَعُدُّ أَضْلَاعَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ أَضْلَاعُهُ نَاقِصَةً مِنْ أَضْلَاعِ النِّسَاءِ بِضِلْعٍ وَرَّثَ مِيرَاثَ الرَّجُلِ لِأَنَّ الرَّجُلَ تَنْقُصُ أَضْلَاعُهُ- عَنْ ضِلْعِ النِّسَاءِ بِضِلْعٍ لِأَنَّ حَوَّاءَ خُلِقَتْ مِنْ ضِلْعِ آدَمَ ع الْقُصْوَى الْيُسْرَى فَنَقَصَ مِنْ أَضْلَاعِهِ ضِل

Hadith.5702 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to determine the inheritance of a hermaphrodite by counting their ribs. If their ribs were fewer than the ribs of women by one rib, he would allocate to

وَ لِذَلِكَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ فِي النَّخْلَةِ اسْتَوْصُوا بِعَمَّتِكُمْ خَيْراً[3].

Hadith.5703 - For this reason (Hadith.5702), the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said regarding the date palms: "Treat your paternal aunt (metaphorical) well."

أَيُّهَا الْقَاضِي اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ خَصْمِي فَقَالَ لَهَا وَ مَنْ خَصْمُكِ قَالَتْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَفْرِجُوا لَهَا فَأَفْرَجُوا لَهَا فَدَخَلَتْ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا ظُلَامَتُكِ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ لِي مَا لِلرِّجَالِ وَ مَا لِلنِّسَاءِ قَالَ شُرَيْحٌ فَإِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَقْضِي عَلَى الْمَبَالِ قَالَتْ فَإِنِّي أَبُولُ بِهِمَا جَمِيعاً وَ يَسْكُنَانِ مَعاً قَالَ شُرَيْحٌ وَ اللَّهِ مَا سَمِعْتُ بِأَعْجَبَ

"Shurayh the judge was once sitting in his court when a woman approached him and said: 'O' judge, rule between me and my opponent.' He (Shurayh) asked her: 'And who is your opponent?' She replied: 'You.' Shurayh said: 'Make way for her,' so they made space, and she entered. He (Shurayh) asked her: 'What is your grievan

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مَوْلُودٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ مَا لِلرِّجَالِ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ مَا لِلنِّسَاءِ قَالَ هَذَا يُقْرِعُ عَلَيْهِ الْإِمَامُ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى سَهْمٍ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى سَهْمٍ آخَرَ أَمَةَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ الْإِمَامُ أَوِ الْمُقْرِعُ- اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ‌ عالِمَ الْغَيْبِ وَ الشَّهادَةِ أَنْتَ تَحْكُمُ بَيْنَ عِبادِكَ فِي ما كانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ‌ بَيِّ

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a newborn who has neither the characteristics of males nor females. Imam (as) said: "In this case, the Imam will cast lots. He will write on one lot 'Servant of Allah (swt)' (Abdullah) and on another lot 'Maidservant of Allah (swt)' (Amatullah). Then the Imam or the one drawing the lots

"وُلِدَ عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَوْلُودٌ لَهُ رَأْسَانِ فَسُئِلَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُوَرَّثُ مِيرَاثَ اِثْنَيْنِ أَوْ وَاحِدٍ فَقَالَ "يُتْرَكُ حَتَّى يَنَامَ ثُمَّ يُصَاحُ بِهِ فَإِنِ اِنْتَبَهَا جَمِيعاً مَعاً، كَانَ لَهُ مِيرَاثٌ وَاحِدٌ وَ إِنِ اِنْتَبَهَ وَاحِدٌ وَ بَقِيَ اَلْآخَرُ نَائِماً وُرِّثَ مِيرَاثَ اِثْنَيْنِ".

"During the time of the Commander of the Faithful (as), a child was born with two heads. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) was asked whether this child should inherit as one person or as two. Imam Ali (as) replied: 'Let the child sleep, then call out to them. If both heads wake up together, the child inherits as one person.

قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع‌ فِي الْمَفْقُودِ يُتَرَبَّصُ بِمَالِهِ أَرْبَعُ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ يُقْسَمُ‌[3].

Hadith.5707 - Yunus ibn Abd Al-Rahman narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar who said that Abu Al-Hasan (as) said: "In the case of a missing person (mafqud), his wealth is withheld for four years, and then it is divided."

سَأَلَ حَفْصٌ الْأَعْوَرُ[5] أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ فَقَالَ‌ كَانَ لِأَبِي أَجِيرٌ وَ كَانَ‌

Hafs Al-Awar asked Abu Abdullah (as) while I was present, saying: "My father had a hired worker who had something with him. The worker died, leaving behind no heirs or relatives. I am distressed about this matter; what should I do?" Abu Abdullah (as) replied: "The needy are more deserving of it, the needy are more dese

يُقْسَمُ مِيرَاثُهُ وَ يُعْزَلُ لِلْغَائِبِ نَصِيبُهُ قُلْتُ فَعَلَيْهِ الزَّكَاةُ قَالَ لَا حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ فَيَقْبِضَهُ وَ يَحُولَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَوْلُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا يُدْرَى أَيْنَ هُوَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الْوَرَثَةُ مِلَاءً[3] اقْتَسَمُوا مِيرَاثَهُ فَإِنْ جَاءَ رَدُّوهُ عَلَيْهِ.

I asked Imam (as) about a man who died and left behind children, some of whom were absent and their whereabouts were unknown. Imam (as) said: "Inheritance should be divided, and the share of the absent one will be set aside." I asked: "Is zakat due on it?" Imam (as) said: "No, not until he returns, takes possession of

يَطْلُبُ قَالَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ قَدْ طَالَ عَلَيْهِ فَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ قَالَ يَطْلُبُ‌[4].

Hadith.5710 - Yunus ibn Abd Al-Rahman narrated from Ibn Awn from Mu'awiyah ibn Wahb from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who had a rightful claim over another person but lost contact with him. He did not know where to search for him, whether he was alive or dead, and was unaware of any heir, lineage, or child related

وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ فِي هَذَا خَبَرٌ آخَرُ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ لَهُ وَارِثاً وَ عَرَفَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْكَ الْجَهْدَ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهَا.

Hadith.5711 - It has also been narrated in another report: "If you do not find an heir for him, and Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, knows that you have made every effort, then give it in charity on his behalf."

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ ارْتَدَّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ لِمَنْ يَكُونُ مِيرَاثُهُ‌[1] قَالَ يُقْسَمُ مِيرَاثُهُ عَلَى وَرَثَتِهِ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who apostatized from Islam. To whom does his inheritance go? Imam (as) said: "His inheritance is divided among his heirs according to the Book of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic."

وَ رَوَى الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ‌ إِذَا ارْتَدَّ الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ امْرَأَتُهُ كَمَا تَبِينُ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ ثَلَاثاً وَ تَعْتَدُّ مِنْهُ كَمَا تَعْتَدُّ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ فَإِنْ رَجَعَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَ تَابَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ فَهُوَ خَاطِبٌ وَ لَا عِدَّةَ عَلَيْهَا لَهُ‌[2] وَ إِ

"If a Muslim man apostatizes from Islam, his wife becomes separated from him just as a woman becomes separated after a third divorce, and she must observe the waiting period (iddah) as a divorced woman does. If he returns to Islam and repents before she marries another man, he may propose to her again, and she is not r

مَنْ مَاتَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ مِنْ قَرَابَةٍ وَ لَا مَوْلَى عَتَاقَةٍ[1] قَدْ ضَمِنَ جَرِيرَتَهُ[2] فَمَالُهُ مِنَ الْأَنْفَالِ.

وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ : "أَنَّ مَنْ مَاتَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ فَمَالُهُ لِهَمْشَهْرِيجِهِ " يَعْنِي أَهْلَ بَلَدِهِ.

Hadith.5715 - It has also been narrated in another report: "Whoever dies and has no heir, his wealth belongs to his Hamshahrij," meaning the people of his town.

تُؤْخَذُ فَتُجْعَلُ فِي بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لِأَنَّ جِنَايَتَهُ عَلَى بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ‌[5].

Hadith.5716 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Malik ibn Atiyyah from Sulayman ibn Khalid from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a Muslim man who was killed and had a Christian father. Imam (as) was asked: "To whom does his blood money (diyyah) go?" Imam (as) said: "It is taken and placed in the treasury (Bayt Al-Mal) of th

مَعَ قَوْلِ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : " اَلْإِسْلاَمُ يَزِيدُ وَ لاَ يَنْقُصُ".

Hadith.5717 - With the statement of the Prophet (sw), peace and blessings be upon him and his family: "Islam increases and does not decrease."

وَ مَعَ قَوْلِهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: "لاَ ضَرَرَ وَ لاَ إِضْرَارَ فِي اَلْإِسْلاَمِ ".

Hadith.5718 - With the statement of the Prophet (sw), peace and blessings be upon him and his family: "There is no harm and no reciprocation of harm in Islam."