Marriage

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ لَا تَحْمِلُوا الْفُرُوجَ عَلَى السُّرُوجِ فَتُهَيِّجُوهُنَّ لِلْفُجُورِ.

“’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘You must not allow female organs to ride on saddle to excite them for indecent and sinful acts.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ الْمُوسِرَةِ قَدْ حَجَّتْ حَجَّةَ الْإِسْلَامِ فَتَقُولُ لِزَوْجِهَا أَحِجَّنِي مِنْ مَالِي أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَمْنَعَهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ يَقُولُ حَقِّي عَلَيْكِ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ حَقِّكِ عَلَيَّ فِي هَذَا[2].

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of an affluent woman who has performed Hajjatu al-Islam and she asks her husband to take her for al-Hajj from her own assets if he can deny her. He (the Imam) said, ’Yes, he can do so by saying, “My right on you is greater than your right on me in this issue.’””

ذَكَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص النِّسَاءَ فَقَالَ اعْصُوهُنَّ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ‌[1] قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْمُرْنَكُمْ بِالْمُنْكَرِ وَ تَعَوَّذُوا بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شِرَارِهِنَّ وَ كُونُوا مِنْ خِيَارِهِنَّ عَلَى حَذَرٍ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that women were mentioned before the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, a

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَنْ أَطَاعَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَكَبَّهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فِي النَّارِ قِيلَ وَ مَا تِلْكَ الطَّاعَةُ قَالَ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ الذَّهَابَ إِلَى الْحَمَّامَاتِ وَ الْعُرُسَاتِ وَ الْعِيدَاتِ وَ النِّيَاحَاتِ وَ الثِّيَابَ الرِّقَاقَ‌[2].

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Whoever obeys his woman Allah th

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ‌ طَاعَةُ الْمَرْأَةِ نَدَامَةٌ.

“He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Obeying the woman brings regret.’”

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي كَلَامٍ لَهُ‌ اتَّقُوا شِرَارَ النِّسَاءِ وَ كُونُوا مِنْ خِيَارِهِنَّ عَلَى حَذَرٍ وَ إِنْ أَمَرْنَكُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فَخَالِفُوهُنَّ كَيْ لَا يَطْمَعْنَ مِنْكُمْ فِي الْمُنْكَرِ.

‘You must stay away from wicked women and remain on your guard with the good ones. If they command you to do good things oppose them so that they will not expect you to listen to their unlawful demand.’”

ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع النِّسَاءُ فَقَالَ لَا تُشَاوِرُوهُنَّ فِي النَّجْوَى‌[3] وَ لَا تُطِيعُوهُنَّ فِي ذِي قَرَابَةٍ.

“Once women were mentioned before abu Ja’far (a.s.), and he (the Imam) said, ‘You must not ask for their advice in private (secret) matters and you must not listen to them in the issues about the relatives.’”

تَعَوَّذُوا بِاللَّهِ مِنْ طَالِحَاتِ نِسَائِكُمْ وَ كُونُوا مِنْ خِيَارِهِنَّ عَلَى حَذَرٍ وَ لَا تُطِيعُوهُنَّ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ فَيَأْمُرْنَكُمْ بِالْمُنْكَرِ.

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You must ask refuge with Allah against the wicked ones of your women and remain on your guard with the good ones of them. You must not listen to them in lawful matters so that they command you to do unlawful acts.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ مُشَاوَرَةَ النِّسَاءِ فَإِنَّ فِيهِنَّ الضَّعْفَ وَ الْوَهْنَ وَ الْعَجْزَ.

8. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from abu ‘Abd Allah al-Jamuraniy from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn abu Hamzah from Sandal from ibn Muskan from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘You must not take advice from women because there is

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ فِي خِلَافِ النِّسَاءِ الْبَرَكَةُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘There is blessing in opposing (unlawful desires) of women.’”

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص‌ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ تُدَبِّرُهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَهُوَ مَلْعُونٌ.

“’Amir al-Mu’minin ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A man who follows (unlawful) policies of woman is condemned.’”

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا أَرَادَ الْحَرْبَ دَعَا نِسَاءَهُ فَاسْتَشَارَهُنَّ ثُمَّ خَالَفَهُنَّ.

“Whenever the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, was about to embark on an armed expedition, he would call his wives for advice and then oppose them.’” (Details of such advice are not mentioned)

اسْتَعِيذُوا بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شِرَارِ نِسَائِكُمْ وَ كُونُوا مِنْ خِيَارِهِنَّ عَلَى حَذَرٍ وَ لَا تُطِيعُوهُنَّ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ فَيَدْعُونَكُمْ إِلَى الْمُنْكَرِ وَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص النِّسَاءُ لَا يُشَاوَرْنَ فِي النَّجْوَى وَ لَا يُطَعْنَ فِي ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى إِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ إِذَا أَسَنَّتْ ذَهَبَ خَيْرُ شَطْرَيْهَا وَ بَقِيَ شَرُّهُمَا وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ يَعْقِمُ رَحِمُهَا وَ يَسُوءُ خُلُقُهَا وَ يَحْ

12. Ali has narrated from his father from “Amr ibn ‘Uthman from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You must ask for refuge with Allah against the wicked ones of your women and remain on your guard with the good ones of them. You must not obey them in lawful matt

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَيْسَ لِلنِّسَاءِ مِنْ سَرَوَاتِ الطَّرِيقِ شَيْ‌ءٌ[2] وَ لَكِنَّهَا تَمْشِي فِي جَانِبِ الْحَائِطِ وَ الطَّرِيقِ.

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ’A woman must not walk in the center of the road. She must walk next to the wall or side of the road.”’

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ أَيُّ امْرَأَةٍ تَطَيَّبَتْ ثُمَّ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا فَهِيَ تُلْعَنُ‌[3] حَتَّى تَرْجِعَ‌ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا مَتَى مَا رَجَعَتْ.

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘If a woman wears perfumes then goes out of her house, she is then cursed and condemned until she returns to her home whenever she does.’”

لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تُجَمِّرَ ثَوْبَهَا إِذَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا.

‘It is not proper for a woman to wear perfumes when she goes out of her house.’”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَيْسَ لِلنِّسَاءِ مِنْ سَرَاةِ الطَّرِيقِ وَ لَكِنْ جَنْبَيْهِ يَعْنِي وَسَطَهُ.

‘Women must not walk in the Surat (center) of the road but they must walk on either side - it (surat) is the middle of it.’”

لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَنْكَشِفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْيَهُودِيَّةِ وَ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ فَإِنَّهُنَّ يَصِفْنَ ذَلِكَ لِأَزْوَاجِهِنَّ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not proper for a woman to remove her veil before a Jewish woman or a Christian woman because they can describe it to their husband.’”

فِيمَا أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنَ الْبَيْعَةِ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ أَنْ لَا يَحْتَبِينَ‌[3] وَ لَا يَقْعُدْنَ مَعَ الرِّجَالِ فِي الْخَلَاءِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that of the matters for which the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, took pledges from the women was that they must not sit in Ihtibah position and must not sit with men privately.” ( Ihtibah is sitting with

إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع نَهَى عَنِ الْقَنَازِعِ وَ الْقُصَصِ وَ نَقْشِ الْخِضَابِ‌[1] عَلَى الرَّاحَةِ وَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا هَلَكَتْ نِسَاءُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْقُصَصِ وَ نَقْشِ الْخِضَابِ.

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), prohibited women from forming their hairs in raised portion at different parts of the head and hanging a part of their hairs on the forehead, drawings of dyes on their palms, saying that Israelite women were destroyed because of hanging hairs on their for

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا تَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ حَاضَتْ أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ قُصَّةً أَوْ جُمَّةً[2].

‘It is not lawful for a woman during her experiencing Hayd (menses) to form her hairs in a knot or allow a portion to hang down her forehead.’”

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ النِّسَاءِ يَجْعَلْنَ فِي رُءُوسِهِنَّ الْقَرَامِلَ قَالَ يَصْلُحُ الصُّوفُ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ شَعْرِ امْرَأَةٍ نَفْسِهَا وَ كَرِهَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ الْقَرَامِلَ مِنْ شَعْرِ غَيْرِهَا فَإِنْ وَصَلَتْ شَعْرَهَا بِصُوْفٍ أَوْ بِشَعْرِ نَفْسِهَا فَلَا يَضُرُّهَا.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about women: if they can form their hair in loops and knots. He (the Imam) said, ‘It can be done from wool or her own hairs and it is Makruh (undesirable) for a woman to form loops and knots on her head from the hairs of other women; but if she joins her own hair with wool it is not ha

سُئِلَ عَنِ الْقَرَامِلِ الَّتِي تَصْنَعُهَا النِّسَاءُ فِي رُءُوسِهِنَّ يَصِلْنَهُ بِشُعُورِهِنَّ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ بِمَا تَزَيَّنَتْ بِهِ لِزَوْجِهَا قَالَ فَقُلْتُ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَعَنَ الْوَاصِلَةَ وَ الْمَوْصُولَةَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هُنَاكَ إِنَّمَا لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْوَاصِلَةَ وَ الْمَوْصُولَةَ الَّتِي تَزْنِي فِي شَبَابِهَا فَلَمَّا كَبِرَتْ قَادَتِ النِّسَاءَ إِلَى

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), was asked about loops and knots that women form out of their hairs on their head and join it with their hairs. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful if it is for beautification before her husband.’ I then asked, ‘We are told that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الذِّرَاعَيْنِ مِنَ الْمَرْأَةِ أَ هُمَا مِنَ‌ الزِّينَةِ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى- وَ لا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَ‌[1] قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ مَا دُونَ الْخِمَارِ مِنَ الزِّينَةِ وَ مَا دُونَ السِّوَارَيْنِ‌[2].

“This is concerning my question before Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.), about the arms of women if they are of beautification about which Allah, most Blessed and most High, has said: "They must not expose their beauty except for their husband." (24:31) He (the Imam) replied, ’Yes, whatever must be covered with the scarf is of the

قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا يَحِلُّ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَرَى مِنَ الْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مَحْرَماً قَالَ الْوَجْهُ وَ الْكَفَّانِ وَ الْقَدَمَانِ.

‘It is her face, both hands (from wrist down) and both feet (from the ankles down).”’

الزِّينَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ الْكُحْلُ وَ الْخَاتَمُ.

‘The exposed beauty is kohl and rings.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى- وَ لا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَ‌ إِلَّا ما ظَهَرَ مِنْها قَالَ الْخَاتَمُ وَ الْمَسَكَةُ وَ هِيَ الْقُلْبُ‌[4].

‘It is the items like ring, anklet and bracelet.’”

اسْتَقْبَلَ شَابٌّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ امْرَأَةً بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ كَانَ النِّسَاءُ يَتَقَنَّعْنَ خَلْفَ آذَانِهِنَّ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا وَ هِيَ مُقْبِلَةٌ فَلَمَّا جَازَتْ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا وَ دَخَلَ فِي زُقَاقٍ قَدْ سَمَّاهُ بِبَنِي فُلَانٍ فَجَعَلَ يَنْظُرُ خَلْفَهَا وَ اعْتَرَضَ وَجْهَهُ عَظْمٌ فِي الْحَائِطِ أَوْ زُجَاجَةٌ فَشَقَّ وَجْهَهُ فَلَمَّا مَضَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ نَظَرَ فَإِذَا الدِّمَاءُ تَسِيلُ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Once a young man from al-Ansar (people of al-Madinah) came face to face with a woman in al-Madinah. Women would wear their scarf behind their ears. He looked at her when she was coming, and when she passed by he kept looking, and she entered in an alley that he called alley of so and so p

الْخِمَارَ وَ الْجِلْبَابَ قُلْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ مَنْ كَانَ فَقَالَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ مَنْ كَانَ‌[1] غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَةٍ بِزِينَةٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهَا وَ الزِّينَةُ الَّتِي يُبْدِينَ لَهُنَّ شَيْ‌ءٌ[2] فِي الْآيَةِ الْأُخْرَى.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), read the words of Allah, . . if they leave aside their garment,’ (24: 60) and said these words refer to veil and gown.’ I then asked, ‘In front of whom can they leave their garments aside?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is in front of those before whom it is not considered a show off with beauty (see

الْقَواعِدُ مِنَ النِّساءِ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَ‌[3] قَالَ تَضَعُ الْجِلْبَابَ وَحْدَهُ‌[4].

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Of the rules about women one is that they can leave their garments aside and this refers to their gown only.’”

فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ الْقَواعِدُ مِنَ النِّساءِ اللَّاتِي لا يَرْجُونَ نِكاحاً مَا الَّذِي يَصْلُحُ لَهُنَّ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِنَّ قَالَ الْجِلْبَابُ.

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘Of the rules for women whose marriage age has expired,’ and that what kind of their garments is proper to leave aside?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is just the gown.’”

الْجِلْبَابَ وَ الْخِمَارَ إِذَا كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ مُسِنَّةً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once read the words of Allah, ‘. . . that they can leave their garments aside’ (24:31) then said, ‘It is the gown and veil, if she is old.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع- عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- أَوِ التَّابِعِينَ‌ غَيْرِ أُولِي الْإِرْبَةِ مِنَ الرِّجالِ‌ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَ الْأَحْمَقُ الَّذِي لَا يَأْتِي النِّسَاءَ[1].

It is a reference to those who because of dimwittedness do not go near women.”’

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ‌ أُولِي الْإِرْبَةِ مِنَ الرِّجالِ‌ قَالَ الْأَحْمَقُ الْمُوَلَّى عَلَيْهِ الَّذِي لَا يَأْتِي النِّسَاءَ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of those among men who do not have the sense of carnal desires. He (the Imam) said, ‘They are the dimwitted ones who are owned and do not go near women.’”

كَانَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ رَجُلَانِ يُسَمَّى أَحَدُهُمَا هِيتَ وَ الْآخَرُ مَانِعٌ‌[2] فَقَالا لِرَجُلٍ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَسْمَعُ إِذَا افْتَتَحْتُمُ الطَّائِفَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَعَلَيْكَ بِابْنَةِ غَيْلَانَ الثَّقَفِيَّةِ فَإِنَّهَا شُمُوعٌ بَخْلَاءُ مُبَتَّلَةٌ هَيْفَاءُ شَنْبَاءُ[3] إِذَا جَلَسَتْ تَثَنَّتْ وَ إِذَا تَكَلَّمَتْ غَنَّتْ- تُقْبِلُ بِأَرْبَعٍ وَ تُدْبِرُ بِثَمَانٍ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهَا مِثْلُ الْقَدَح

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has narrated from his ancestors that there were two men in al- Madinah, one was called Hayt and the other was called Mani‘. They spoke to a man when the Messenger of Allah (saww) was hearing, ‘When you enter Taef, by the will of Allah, do not miss daughter of Ghaylan al-Thaqafiy because she is a

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا حُرْمَةَ لِنِسَاءِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ أَنْ يُنْظَرَ إِلَى شُعُورِهِنَّ وَ أَيْدِيهِنَ‌[1].

“The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘It is not unlawful for one to look at the hairs and hands of the taxpayer women.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ لَا بَأْسَ بِالنَّظَرِ إِلَى رُءُوسِ أَهْلِ التِّهَامَةِ وَ الْأَعْرَابِ وَ أَهْلِ السَّوَادِ وَ الْعُلُوجِ لِأَنَّهُمْ إِذَا نُهُوا لَا يَنْتَهُونَ‌[2] قَالَ وَ الْمَجْنُونَةِ وَ الْمَغْلُوبَةِ عَلَى عَقْلِهَا وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِالنَّظَرِ إِلَى شَعْرِهَا وَ جَسَدِهَا مَا لَمْ يَتَعَمَّدْ ذَلِكَ.

’It is not unlawful to look at the heads of the people of al-Tihamah and Arabs who live in black (tents) and al-‘Aluj (faithless uneducated people) because even if they are prohibited they do not listen.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘In the case of insane and those whose reason is defeated (very weak) it is not unlawful to loo

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع- عَنْ أُمَّهَاتِ الْأَوْلَادِ أَ لَهَا أَنْ تَكْشِفَ رَأْسَهَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِي الرِّجَالِ قَالَ تَقَنَّعُ‌[1].

“I once asked abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the mother of children (slave-girls kept to give birth): if they can remove the covering from their heads before men. He (the Imam) said, ’She must use the veil.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ قِنَاعٌ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَ لَا عَلَى الْمُدَبَّرَةِ وَ لَا عَلَى الْمُكَاتَبَةِ إِذَا اشْتُرِطَتْ عَلَيْهَا قِنَاعٌ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَ هِيَ مَمْلُوكَةٌ حَتَّى تُؤَدِّيَ جَمِيعَ مُكَاتَبَتِهَا وَ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهَا مَا يَجْرِي عَلَى الْمَمْلُوكِ فِي الْحُدُودِ كُلِّهَا.

“I once heard abu Ja’far (a.s.), saying, ‘A slave-girl is not required to wear a veil for Salat (prayer) as well as one who has planned for her freedom; and the one who has already contracted even if wearing veil for Salat (prayer) is made a condition when she is owned until she pays off all that is contracted and all

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مُصَافَحَةِ الرَّجُلِ الْمَرْأَةَ قَالَ لَا يَحِلُّ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُصَافِحَ الْمَرْأَةَ إِلَّا امْرَأَةً يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا أُخْتٌ أَوْ بِنْتٌ أَوْ عَمَّةٌ أَوْ خَالَةٌ أَوِ ابْنَةُ أُخْتٍ أَوْ نَحْوُهَا فَأَمَّا الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَلَا يُصَافِحْهَا إِلَّا مِنْ وَرَاءِ الثَّوْبِ وَ لَا يَغْمِزْ كَفَّهَا.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.), about men’s shaking hands with women. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is lawful for men to shake hands with women with whom marriage is not lawful, like sister, daughter, paternal and maternal aunts, daughter of sister or so. However, a woman with whom marriage is la

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَلْ يُصَافِحُ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ لَيْسَتْ بِذِي مَحْرَمٍ فَقَالَ لَا إِلَّا مِنْ وَرَاءِ الثَّوْبِ.

if one can shake hands with women who are lawful for marriage. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not permissible except from behind the cloth.’”

نَعَمْ قُلْنَا تُصَافِحُهُ قَالَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الثَّوْبِ قَالَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا إِنَّ أُخْتِي هَذِهِ تَعُودُ إِخْوَتَهَا قَالَ إِذَا عُدْتِ إِخْوَتَكِ فَلَا تَلْبَسِي الْمُصَبَّغَةَ.

“Once, we visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and asked if a woman can visit her brother. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, she can do so.’ We then asked if she can shake hands with him. He (the Imam) said, ‘It must be from behind the cloth.’ One of them said, ‘My sister, this one, visits her brothers.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When yo

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَيْفَ مَاسَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص النِّسَاءَ حِينَ بَايَعَهُنَّ قَالَ دَعَا بِمِرْكَنِهِ‌[1] الَّذِي كَانَ يَتَوَضَّأُ فِيهِ فَصَبَّ فِيهِ مَاءً ثُمَّ غَمَسَ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى فَكُلَّمَا بَايَعَ وَاحِدَةً مِنْهُنَّ قَالَ اغْمِسِي يَدَكِ فَتَغْمِسُ كَمَا غَمَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَكَانَ هَذَا مُمَاسَحَتَهُ إِيَّاهُنَّ. - عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘How did the Messenger of Allah touch the hands of women for their pledge of allegiance? He (the Imam) said, ‘He (the Messenger of Allah) asked for a bucket in which he would make wudu. He (the Messenger of Allah) poured water in it, then immersed his right hand in water and as soon

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ أَ تَدْرِي كَيْفَ بَايَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص النِّسَاءَ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ وَ ابْنُ رَسُولِهِ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ جَمَعَهُنَّ حَوْلَهُ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِتَوْرِ بِرَامٍ‌[2] فَصَبَّ فِيهِ نَضُوحاً ثُمَّ غَمَسَ يَدَهُ فِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اسْمَعْنَ يَا هَؤُلَاءِ أُبَايِعُكُنَّ عَلَى أَنْ لَا تُشْرِكْنَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئاً وَ لَا تَسْرِقْنَ وَ لَا تَزْنِينَ وَ لَا تَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلَادَكُنَّ وَ لَا تَأْ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once asked me, ‘Do you know how the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, pledged allegiance with women?’ I replied, ‘Allah knows best and the child of His Messenger knows best.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He (the Messenger o

الْمَعْرُوفُ أَنْ لَا يَشْقُقْنَ جَيْباً وَ لَا يَلْطِمْنَ خَدّاً وَ لَا يَدْعُونَ وَيْلًا وَ لَا يَتَخَلَّفْنَ عِنْدَ قَبْرٍ وَ لَا يُسَوِّدْنَ ثَوْباً وَ لَا يَنْشُرْنَ شَعْراً.

“About the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . that they must not disobey you in lawful matters’ (60:13) Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘lawful matters means not to tear one’s shirt, slap one’s face, crying, ‘woe is me’, must not remain behind near the grave, must not blacken clothes and must not spr

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ تَدْرُونَ مَا قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى- وَ لا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ‌ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ ع إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَلَا تَخْمِشِي عَلَيَّ وَجْهاً[2] وَ لَا تَنْشُرِي عَلَيَّ شَعْراً[3] وَ لَا تُنَادِي بِالْوَيْلِ وَ لَا تُقِيمِي عَلَيَّ نَائِحَةً قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا الْمَعْرُوفُ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

“I once heard Abu Ja‘far (a.s.) say, ‘Do you know what is the meaning of the words of Allah, ‘. . . that they must not disobey you in lawful matters?’ (60:13) I replied, ‘No, I do not know.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah (sw) once said to Fatimah (sa), ‘When I die, you must not cause abrasion to any face,

لَمَّا فَتَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَكَّةَ بَايَعَ الرِّجَالَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ النِّسَاءُ يُبَايِعْنَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- يا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذا جاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِناتُ يُبايِعْنَكَ عَلى‌ أَنْ لا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئاً وَ لا يَسْرِقْنَ وَ لا يَزْنِينَ وَ لا يَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلادَهُنَ‌ وَ لا يَأْتِينَ بِبُهْتانٍ يَفْتَرِينَهُ‌ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِنَّ وَ أَرْجُلِهِنَ‌ وَ لا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ‌ فَبايِعْ

“When the Messenger of Allah (sw) liberated Makkah, men pledged allegiance; then women came to pledge allegiance; and Allah, most Majestic and most Glorious, said, ‘O Prophet, when believing women come to pledge allegiance with you not to call anything as partner of Allah, not to steal, not to commit fornication, not t

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الرِّجَالُ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِنَّ.

“The Messenger of Allah (s.w.) prohibited men from entering the place of women without their permission.”’

أَنْ يَدْخُلَ دَاخِلٌ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ أَوْلِيَائِهِنَّ.

“Men must not enter the place of women without the permission of their guardian.”

يَسْتَأْذِنُ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَى أَبِيهِ وَ لَا يَسْتَأْذِنُ الْأَبُ عَلَى الِابْنِ قَالَ وَ يَسْتَأْذِنُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى ابْنَتِهِ وَ أُخْتِهِ إِذَا كَانَتَا مُتَزَوِّجَتَيْنِ.

“I once asked Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if a man is required to ask permission from his father. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, I would ask permission from my father and my mother was not with him. She was my father’s wife. My mother had died when I was a boy. I did not like to disturb their privacy and they also did not like i