Work & Livelihood

كَرِهَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنْ يَأْكُلَ الرَّجُلُ بِشِمَالِهِ أَوْ يَشْرَبَ بِهَا أَوْ يَتَنَاوَلَ بِهَا.

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اشْرَبُوا فِي أَيْدِيكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ خَيْرِ آنِيَتِكُمْ.

Hadith.4242 - It is narrated by Abdullah bin Maymoon, from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): The companions of the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, were drinking water in large gulps at Tabuk. So the Messenger of Allah (sw

شُرْبُ الْمَاءِ مِنْ قِيَامٍ بِالنَّهَارِ أَدَرُّ لِلْعِرْقِ وَ أَقْوَى لِلْبَدَنِ[3]

قَالَ ع‌ شُرْبُ الْمَاءِ بِاللَّيْلِ مِنْ قِيَامٍ يُورِثُ الْمَاءَ الْأَصْفَرَ[4].

Hadith.4244 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "Drinking water while standing at night causes yellow water (jaundice)."

"إِذَا كَانَ اَلَّذِي يُنَاوِلُكَ اَلْمَاءَ مَمْلُوكاً لَكَ فَاشْرَبْ فِي ثَلاَثَةِ أَنْفَاسٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حُرّاً فَاشْرَبْهُ بِنَفَسٍ وَاحِدٍ".

Hadith.4245 - One of his companions asked him about drinking water in a single breath. Imam (as) said: "If the person handing you the water is your servant, then drink it in three breaths; but if he is free, then drink it in a single breath."

وَ مَا الْهِيمُ قَالَ الزِّمْلُ‌[1]. - وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ الْإِبِلُ‌[2]. وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ الْهِيمَ النِّيبُ‌[3]. وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ الْهِيمَ مَا لَمْ يُذْكَرِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ‌[4] .

Hadith.4246 - In a narration by Hammad from Al-Halabi, Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), said: "Drinking in three breaths is better than drinking in one breath." Imam (as) disliked that a person should resemble 'Al-Heem.' I asked: "What is Al-Heem?" Imam (as) replied: "It refers to camels." In another narration, i

لَا تَأْكُلْ وَ أَنْتَ تَمْشِي إِلَّا أَنْ تُضْطَرَّ إِلَى ذَلِكَ[5].

مَا أَكَلَ مُتَّكِئاً حَتَّى مَاتَ‌[6].

"I saw Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) eating while reclining. Then Imam (as) mentioned the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, and said: 'He never ate while reclining until he passed away.' "

رُوِيَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي شُعْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي شُعْبَةَ أَنَّهُ رَأَى‌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَأْكُلُ مُتَرَبِّعاً[1].

Hadith.4249 - It is narrated from Hammad ibn Uthman, from Umar ibn Abi Shu'bah, from Abi Shu'bah: "He saw Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), eating while sitting cross-legged."

الْعَبْدُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ لِلشَّيْطَانِ اخْزَ يَا فَاسِقُ فَلَا سُلْطَانَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِذَا فَرَغُوا فَقَالُوا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ هُمْ قَوْمٌ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَدَّوْا شُكْرَ رَبِّهِمْ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَقُولُوا بِسْمِ اللَّهِ قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ لِلشَّيْطَانِ ادْنُ يَا فَاسِقُ فَكُلْ مَعَهُمْ فَإِذَا رُفِعَتْ فَلَمْ يَحْمَدُوا اللَّهَ قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَ

Hadith.4250 - It is narrated by Isma'il ibn Abi Ziyad, from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "When the table (for food) is set, four angels surround it. If the servant says 'In the name of Allah (swt),' the angels

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ صَاحِبُ الرَّحْلِ يَشْرَبُ أَوَّلَ الْقَوْمِ وَ يَتَوَضَّأُ آخِرَهُمْ‌[3].

Hadith.4251 - The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "The owner of the provision will drink first among the people and performs ablution last among them."

يَا سَمَاعَةُ أَكْلًا وَ حَمْداً لَا أَكْلًا وَ صَمْتاً[4].

Hadith.4252 - Sama'ah bin Mehran narrated: I was eating with Abu Abdullah (as), and Imam (as) said: "O Sama'ah, eat with gratitude and praise, not with eating and silence."

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ ضَمِنْتُ لِمَنْ سَمَّى عَلَى طَعَامِهِ‌[5] أَنْ لَا يَشْتَكِيَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ ابْنُ الْكَوَّاءِ[6] يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَقَدْ أَكَلْتُ الْبَارِحَةَ طَعَاماً فَسَمَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ آذَانِي فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَكَلْتَ أَلْوَاناً فَسَمَّيْتَ عَلَى بَعْضِهَا وَ لَمْ تُسَمِّ عَلَى بَعْضٍ يَا لُكَعُ‌[7]. وَ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ مَنْ نَسِيَ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ عَلَى كُلِّ لَوْنٍ

Hadith.4253 - Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: "I guarantee that whoever mentions the name of Allah (swt) upon his food will not suffer any harm from it." Then Ibn al-Kawwa' said: "O Commander of the Faithful, I ate food last night, mentioned the name of Allah (swt) upon it, and yet it caused me disc

مَا اتَّخَمْتُ قَطُّ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنِّي لَمْ أَبْدَأْ بِطَعَامٍ إِلَّا قُلْتُ- بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ لَمْ أَفْرُغْ مِنْ طَعَامٍ إِلَّا قُلْتُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ[2]

قَالَ ع‌ إِنَّ الْبَطْنَ إِذَا شَبِعَ طَغَى‌[3].

Hadith.4255 - Imam (as) said: "Indeed, when the stomach is full, it becomes rebellious."

لَهُ مَا حَدُّ هَذَا الْخِوَانِ فَقَالَ إِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فَسَمِّ اللَّهَ وَ إِذَا رَفَعْتَهُ فَاحْمَدِ اللَّهَ وَ قُمَّ مَا حَوْلَ الْخِوَانِ فَإِنَّ هَذَا حَدُّهُ قَالَ فَالْتَفَتُّ فَإِذَا كُوزٌ مَوْضُوعٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا حَدُّ الْكُوزِ فَقَالَ اشْرَبْ مِمَّا يَلِي شَفَتَيْهِ وَ سَمِّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِذَا رَفَعْتَهُ عَنْ فِيكَ فَاحْمَدِ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ مَوْضِعَ الْعُرْوَةِ أَنْ تَشْ

Hadith.4256 - Amr ibn Qays al-Masir narrated: I entered upon Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), in Medina, and there was a dining table before him, and Imam (as) was eating. I said to Imam (as): "What is the proper etiquette for this table?" Imam (as) replied: "When you place it, mention the name of Allah

لَهُ مَا كَانَ فِي الصَّحْرَاءِ فَدَعْهُ وَ لَوْ فَخِذَ شَاةٍ وَ مَا كَانَ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَتَتَبَّعْهُ وَ الْقُطْهُ.

Hadith.4257 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Walid al-Kirmani: I ate in the presence of Abu Ja'far al-Thani Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Jawad (as). When I finished and the dining mat was lifted, a servant went to collect the crumbs of food that had fallen. Imam (as) said to him: "Whatever is in the open area, leave i

إِنَّ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ يَبْدَءُونَ بِالْخَلِّ فِي أَوَّلِ الطَّعَامِ وَ يَخْتِمُونَ بِالْمِلْحِ وَ إِنَّا نَبْدَأُ بِالْمِلْحِ فِي أَوَّلِ الطَّعَامِ وَ نَخْتِمُ بِالْخَلِ[1]

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ ابْدَءُوا بِالْمِلْحِ فِي أَوَّلِ الطَّعَامِ فَلَوْ عَلِمَ النَّاسُ مَا فِي الْمِلْحِ لَاخْتَارُوهُ عَلَى التِّرْيَاقِ الْمُجَرَّبِ.

Hadith.4259 - Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Begin with salt at the start of the meal, for if people knew what is in salt, they would prefer it over the tried remedy."

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ يَتَخَلَّلُ وَ هُوَ يُطَيِّبُ الْفَمَ.

I saw Abu Abdillah (as) using a toothpick, so I looked at him. Imam (as) said: "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) used a toothpick, and it purifies the mouth."

فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ إِنَّ مِنْ حَقِّ الضَّيْفِ أَنْ يُعَدَّ لَهُ الْخِلَالُ‌[3].

Hadith.4261 - And in another narration: "Indeed, it is from the rights of the guest that a toothpick is prepared for him."

قَالَ ع‌ مَا أَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ لِسَانَكَ فَأَخْرَجْتَهُ فَابْلَعْهُ وَ مَا أَخْرَجْتَهُ بِالْخِلَالِ فَارْمِ بِهِ‌[4].

Hadith.4262 - Imam (as) said: "Whatever you roll around with your tongue and remove, swallow it, and whatever you remove with a toothpick, discard it."

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ الْوُضُوءُ قَبْلَ الطَّعَامِ وَ بَعْدَهُ يَذْهَبَانِ بِالْفَقْرِ[1].

Hadith.4263 - Safwan al-Jammal narrated from Abi Ghurrah al-Khurasani who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Performing ablution before and after eating removes poverty."

مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَكْثُرَ خَيْرُ بَيْتِهِ فَلْيَتَوَضَّأْ عِنْدَ حُضُورِ طَعَامِهِ[2]

قَالَ ع‌[3] مَنْ غَسَلَ يَدَهُ قَبْلَ الطَّعَامِ وَ بَعْدَهُ عَاشَ فِي سَعَةٍ وَ عُوفِيَ مِنْ بَلْوَى فِي جَسَدِهِ.

Hadith.4265 - Imam (as) said: "Whoever washes his hands before and after eating will live in ease and will be protected from afflictions in his body."

رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع‌ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا طَعِمَ قَالَ- الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَطْعَمَنَا وَ سَقَانَا وَ كَفَانَا وَ أَيَّدَنَا وَ آوَانَا وَ أَنْعَمَ عَلَيْنَا وَ أَفْضَلَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي‌ يُطْعِمُ وَ لا يُطْعَمُ‌.

Hadith.4266 - It is narrated from Abu Hamzah al-Thumali, from Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as), that whenever he ate, Imam (as) would say: "All praise is due to Allah (swt), Who fed us, gave us drink, sufficed us, supported us, sheltered us, blessed us, and bestowed His favor upon us. All praise is due to Allah (swt), Who

نِعْمَ الْإِدَامُ الْخَلُّ مَا أَقْفَرَ بَيْتٌ فِيهِ خَلٌ[4]

لَا بَأْسَ بِأَكْلِهِ نِيّاً وَ فِي الْقُدُورِ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُتَدَاوَى بِالثُّومِ وَ لَكِنْ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يَخْرُجْ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ[5].

Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about garlic, onions, and leeks. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in eating them raw or cooked in pots, and there is no harm in using garlic as a remedy. However, if one does so, let him not go to the mosque."

إِنَّمَا نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْهُ لِرِيحِهِ وَ قَالَ مَنْ أَكَلَ هَذِهِ الْبَقْلَةَ الْخَبِيثَةَ فَلَا يَقْرَبْ مَسْجِدَنَا فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَكَلَهُ وَ لَمْ يَأْتِ الْمَسْجِدَ فَلَا بَأْسَ.

I asked him about garlic. Imam (as) said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) only forbade it because of its smell. Prophet (sw) said: 'Whoever eats this foul plant should not come near our mosque.' However, as for one who eats it and does not go to the mosque, there is no harm."

قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع‌[1] فِي الْمَائِدَةِ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ خَصْلَةً يَجِبُ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَعْرِفَهَا أَرْبَعٌ مِنْهَا فَرْضٌ وَ أَرْبَعٌ سُنَّةٌ وَ أَرْبَعٌ تَأْدِيبٌ فَأَمَّا الْفَرْضُ فَالْمَعْرِفَةُ[2] وَ الرِّضَا وَ التَّسْمِيَةُ[3] وَ الشُّكْرُ وَ أَمَّا السُّنَّةُ فَالْوُضُوءُ قَبْلَ الطَّعَامِ وَ الْجُلُوسُ عَلَى الْجَانِبِ الْأَيْسَرِ وَ الْأَكْلُ بِثَلَاثِ أَصَابِعَ وَ لَعْقُ الْأَصَاب

Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as) said: "There are twelve qualities related to the dining table that every Muslim must know, four of them are obligatory, four are recommended practices (Sunnah), and four are etiquettes: As for the obligatory ones, they are: recognition (of Allah (swt)), contentment, mentioning the name of Allah

يَنْبَغِي لِلشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ أَلَّا يَنَامَ إِلَّا وَ جَوْفُهُ مُمْتَلِئٌ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَإِنَّهُ أَهْدَأُ لِنَوْمِهِ وَ أَطْيَبُ لِنَكْهَتِهِ[4]

عَجِبْتُ لِمَنْ يَحْتَمِي مِنَ الطَّعَامِ مَخَافَةَ الدَّاءِ كَيْفَ لَا يَحْتَمِي مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ مَخَافَةَ النَّارِ[5]

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا رَضَاعَ بَعْدَ فِطَامٍ وَ لَا وِصَالَ فِي صِيَامٍ وَ لَا يُتْمَ بَعْدَ احْتِلَامٍ وَ لَا صَمْتَ يَوْماً إِلَى اللَّيْلِ‌[1] وَ لَا تَعَرُّبَ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ لَا هِجْرَةَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْحِ‌[2] وَ لَا طَلَاقَ قَبْلَ نِكَاحٍ وَ لَا عِتْقَ قَبْلَ مِلْكٍ وَ لَا يَمِينَ لِوَلَدٍ مَعَ وَالِدِهِ وَ لَا لِمَمْلُوكٍ مَعَ مَوْلَاهُ وَ لَا لِلْمَرْأَةِ مَعَ زَوْجِهَا[3] وَ لَا نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِي

Hadith.4273 - Mansur ibn Hazim narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "There is no breastfeeding after weaning, no continuous fasting without breaking, no orphanhood after reaching puberty, no silence for a day unt

تُكَلِّمُهَا وَ لَيْسَ هَذَا بِشَيْ‌ءٍ إِنَّمَا هَذَا وَ شِبْهُهُ مِنْ‌ خُطُواتِ‌ الشَّيْطانِ

Hadith.4274 - Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the Imams (as), that he was asked about a woman who vowed to donate all her wealth as an offering and to set all her slaves free if she ever spoke to her sister again. Imam (as) said: "She may speak to her, and this (vow) is of no consequence. Indeed,

مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا فَلْيَأْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا وَ لَهُ زِيَادَةُ حَسَنَةٍ[6]

لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِنَّ أُمِّي تَصَدَّقَتْ عَلَيَّ بِنَصِيبٍ لَهَا فِي الدَّارِ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا إِنَّ الْقُضَاةَ لَا يُجِيزُونَ هَذَا وَ لَكِنِ اكْتُبِيهِ شِرًى فَقَالَتْ اصْنَعْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا بَدَا لَكَ وَ كُلَّ مَا تَرَى أَنْ يَسُوغَ لَكَ فَتَوَثَّقْتُ فَأَرَادَ بَعْضُ الْوَرَثَةِ أَنْ يَسْتَحْلِفَنِي أَنِّي قَدْ نَقَدْتُهَا الثَّمَنَ وَ لَمْ أَنْقُدْهَا شَيْئاً فَمَا تَرَى قَالَ فَاحْلِفْ لَهُمْ‌[1].

I said to Abu al-Hasan (as): "My mother gave me her share in the house as charity. I told her that the judges do not approve of this unless it is written as a sale. She said: 'Do whatever you see fit and whatever you think is permissible for you.' So I documented it. Later, some of the heirs wanted me to swear that I h

فِي رَجُلٍ حَلَفَ إِنْ كَلَّمَ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أُمَّهُ فَهُوَ يُحْرِمُ بِحَجَّةٍ قَالَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ[2]

عَلَيَّ الْمَشْيُ إِلَى بَيْتِ اللَّهِ الْحَرَامِ قَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَقُلْ لِلَّهِ عَلَيَّ فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ.

Hadith.4278 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who, in a state of anger, said: "Upon me is to walk to the Sacred House of Allah (swt)." Imam (as) said: "If he did not say, 'It is a vow to Allah (swt) upon me,' then it is of no consequence."

هُوَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ وَ بَلَى وَ اللَّهِ‌[3].

Hadith.4279 - Abu Basir narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious: "Allah (swt) does not take you to task for what is unintentional in your oaths" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:225). Imam (as) said: "It refers to sayings like 'No, by Allah (swt)' and 'Yes, by Allah (swt).'"

أَحَدَهُمَا ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَتْ لَهُ‌ امْرَأَتُهُ أَسْأَلُكَ بِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا مَا طَلَّقْتَنِي قَالَ يُوجِعُهَا ضَرْباً أَوْ يَعْفُو عَنْهَا[1].

Hadith.4280 - Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I asked one of the Imams (as) about a man whose wife said to him, "I ask you, for the sake of Allah (swt), to divorce me." Imam (as) said: "He should either discipline her with a beating or forgive her."

عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ وَ لا تَجْعَلُوا اللَّهَ عُرْضَةً لِأَيْمانِكُمْ‌[2].

"Do not swear by Allah (swt), whether truthfully or falsely, for Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, has forbidden that, as He (swt), the Almighty, says: 'And do not make Allah (swt) an excuse in your oaths' (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:224)."

قَالَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَصْدُقْ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَصْدُقْ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ وَ مَنْ حُلِفَ لَهُ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَرْضَ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْضَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ[3].

Hadith.4282 - Abu Ayyub said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Whoever swears by Allah (swt), let him speak the truth; and whoever does not speak the truth has nothing to do with Allah (swt) in any way. And whoever is sworn to by Allah (swt), let him be content; and whoever is not content has nothing to do with Allah (swt)

لَوْ حَلَفَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ لَا يَحُكَّ أَنْفَهُ بِالْحَائِطِ لَابْتَلَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى حَتَّى يَحُكَّ أَنْفَهُ بِالْحَائِطِ وَ لَوْ حَلَفَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ لَا يَنْطَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ الْحَائِطَ لَوَكَّلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ شَيْطَاناً حَتَّى يَنْطَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ الْحَائِطَ[4].

لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا غَداً أُحَدِّثْكُمْ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَثْنِ فَاحْتَبَسَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع عَنْهُ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ فَقَالَ‌ وَ لا تَقُولَنَّ لِشَيْ‌ءٍ إِنِّي فاعِلٌ ذلِكَ غَداً إِلَّا أَنْ يَشاءَ اللَّهُ وَ اذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذا نَسِيتَ‌

"A servant may make an exception (by saying 'If Allah (swt) wills') within forty days if he forgets. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) was visited by some Jews who asked Him (sw) about certain matters. He (sw) said to them: 'Come tomorrow, and I will inform you,' but He (sw) did not say 'I

وَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَفِ بِهِ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَفَّارَتُهُ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ مُدّاً مُدّاً دَقِيقٍ أَوْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ أَوْ صِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مُتَوَالِيَةٍ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْ شَيْئاً[1].

I asked him about someone who said: "By Allah (swt)," and then did not fulfill it. Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Its expiation is feeding ten needy people with a measure (mudd) each of flour or wheat, or freeing a slave. If he cannot find any of these, then he must fast for three consecutive days."

لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع نَمُرُّ بِالْمَالِ عَلَى الْعُشَّارِ فَيَطْلُبُونَ مِنَّا أَنْ نَحْلِفَ لَهُمْ وَ يُخَلُّونَ سَبِيلَنَا وَ لَا يَرْضَوْنَ مِنَّا إِلَّا بِذَلِكَ قَالَ فَاحْلِفْ لَهُمْ فَهُوَ أَحَلُّ مِنَ التَّمْرِ وَ الزُّبْدِ[2].

I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "We pass by tax collectors, and they ask us to swear an oath so that they let us go, and they are not satisfied with anything else." Imam (as) said: "Then swear to them, for it is more lawful than dates and butter."

التَّقِيَّةُ فِي كُلِّ ضَرُورَةٍ وَ صَاحِبُهَا أَعْلَمُ بِهَا حِينَ تَنْزِلُ بِهِ[3]

أَرَى أَنْ لَا يُحْلَفَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُ الرَّجُلِ لَا بَلِ شَانِئِكَ[4] فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ قَوْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَ لَوْ حَلَفَ

قَالَ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ حَلَفَ تَقِيَّةً قَالَ إِنْ خَشِيتَ عَلَى دَمِكَ وَ مَالِكَ فَاحْلِفْ تَرُدُّهُ عَنْكَ بِيَمِينِكَ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنَّ يَمِينَكَ لَا تَرُدُّ عَنْكَ شَيْئاً فَلَا تَحْلِفْ لَهُمْ‌[3].

Hadith.4289 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who swore an oath out of taqiyyah (dissimulation). Imam (as) said: "If you fear for your life or property, then swear an oath to protect yourself with it. However, if you see that your oath will not protect you in any way, then do not swear to them."

قَالَ الْحَلَبِيُ‌ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَجْعَلُ عَلَيْهِ نَذْراً وَ لَا يُسَمِّيهِ قَالَ إِنْ سَمَّيْتَهُ فَهُوَ مَا سَمَّيْتَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُسَمِّ شَيْئاً فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ فَإِنْ قُلْتَ لِلَّهِ عَلَيَّ فَكَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ‌[4].

Hadith.4290 - Al-Halabi said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who makes a vow upon himself without specifying it. Imam (as) said: "If you specify it, then it is as you specified. But if you do not specify anything, then it is of no consequence. However, if you said: 'It is upon me for the sake of Allah (swt),' then its e